{"title":"Loneliness, depressive symptoms, and life satisfaction among very old Mexican American adults: a repeated-measures GEE mediation.","authors":"Hadi Kooshiar, Atena Pasha, Liwen Zeng","doi":"10.1080/13607863.2026.2720792","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13607863.2026.2720792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the concurrent association between loneliness and life satisfaction across survey waves and assess whether depressive symptoms statistically account for this association among very old Mexican American adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were drawn from three waves of the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (H-EPESE). The analytic sample included 944 person-wave observations from adults aged 82 years and older, of which 892 from 596 individuals were included in multivariable analyses after excluding missing data. Analyses were restricted to self-respondents. Ordinal logistic generalized estimating equation (GEE) models with a cumulative logit link accounted for repeated measures and adjusted for demographic, cognitive, health, and financial factors. Indirect effects evaluated the role of depressive symptoms in the association between loneliness and life satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants reported high life satisfaction. Greater loneliness was associated with lower odds of higher life satisfaction (AOR = 0.28, 95% CI [0.20-0.39], <i>p</i> < 0.001). This association remained significant but was attenuated after including depressive symptoms (AOR = 0.40, 95% CI [0.29-0.57], <i>p</i> < 0.001). The indirect effect through depressive symptoms was statistically significant (a × b = -0.48, 95% Monte Carlo CI [-0.70, -0.30]). Better self-rated health, absence of pain during standing or walking, lower financial strain, and higher cognitive function were also associated with higher life satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Loneliness is strongly associated with lower life satisfaction, with depressive symptoms partially and modestly accounting for this association. Interventions addressing both may improve well-being in very old adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":55546,"journal":{"name":"Aging & Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148868050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Faye Forsyth, Ana Diaz, Vebjørn Andersson, Ira H Haraldsen, Dianne Gove
{"title":"Ethical considerations of fluid biomarker use in alzheimer's disease - a rapid review.","authors":"Faye Forsyth, Ana Diaz, Vebjørn Andersson, Ira H Haraldsen, Dianne Gove","doi":"10.1080/13607863.2026.2719938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2026.2719938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) care has been reshaped by the integration of fluid biomarkers. This review addressed the question \"What are the ethical considerations of fluid biomarker use in eligibility assessments for treatment in AD and mild cognitive impairment?\"</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A rapid review following established guidelines was performed. Relevant data were identified and organised within the four pillars of biomedical ethics. Results were reported in line with the PRISMA checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Searches identified 10,611 records; 34 were included following screening. Narrative synthesis suggests there are a greater number of ethical risks over benefits within the current clinical context. However, interpretation is subjective and empirical data is lacking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multiple ethical concerns surround the use of fluid biomarkers in AD treatment decisions, and there is limited empirical evidence to substantiate claims about benefits and harms. Uncertainty in biomarker performance, particularly in underrepresented groups, raises risks to non-maleficence, autonomy, and justice and complicates clinical decision making.</p>","PeriodicalId":55546,"journal":{"name":"Aging & Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148860545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu-Tien Hsu, Ester Villalonga-Olives, Bridgette M Rice, Tamara Taggart, David R Williams, Yusuf Ransome
{"title":"Loneliness, not isolation, is the missing link between social connectedness and mental health among midlife to older U.S. adults.","authors":"Yu-Tien Hsu, Ester Villalonga-Olives, Bridgette M Rice, Tamara Taggart, David R Williams, Yusuf Ransome","doi":"10.1080/13607863.2026.2723232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2026.2723232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate whether loneliness or social isolation serves as the main pathway connecting social connectedness dimensions to mental health outcomes among midlife to older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined longitudinal data from 4,963 adults aged 40-65 at baseline in the U.S. national MIDUS study (2004-2014). Social connectedness was assessed across six areas: neighborhood social cohesion, social integration, family support, friend support, social contribution, and community contribution. Loneliness and social isolation (contact frequency) were measured at baseline; psychological distress and depressive symptoms were evaluated at follow-up. Structural equation modeling with inverse probability weighting was used to explore both direct and indirect pathways.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most social connectedness dimensions showed significant direct protective associations with psychological distress. Loneliness consistently functioned as a pathway linking social connectedness to both outcomes, with the strongest indirect effects for family support (psychological distress: β = -0.032, <i>p</i> < 0.001; depression: β = -0.015, <i>p</i> < 0.001). The loneliness pathway was more pronounced among women, particularly for depression (women: β = -0.023 to -0.020, all <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Loneliness, rather than structural isolation, acts as the main pathway from social connectedness to mental health. While social connectedness helps reduce isolation, it does not necessarily lead to improvements in mental health. Interventions should prioritize relationship quality to enhance mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":55546,"journal":{"name":"Aging & Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148852143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessie Ho-Yin Yau, Dara Kiu Yi Leung, Jessica Kang Qi Lee, Stephanie Ming Yin Wong, Terry Yat Sang Lum
{"title":"Mental health literacy and mental health experiences on depression stigma among Chinese older adults: the mediating role of social support networks.","authors":"Jessie Ho-Yin Yau, Dara Kiu Yi Leung, Jessica Kang Qi Lee, Stephanie Ming Yin Wong, Terry Yat Sang Lum","doi":"10.1080/13607863.2026.2719942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2026.2719942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The association between mental health literacy and personal and interpersonal mental health experiences with personal stigma is increasingly recognized. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the hypothesized mediating role of social support networks between mental health literacy and personal and interpersonal mental health experiences, and personal depression stigma among Chinese older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a cross-sectional design with 1,044 participants, we measured depression stigma with the Depression Stigma Scale, mental health literacy through vignettes, and social support with the Lubben Social Network Scale. Personal and interpersonal mental health experiences were assessed with yes/no questions. Structural equation modeling was used to examine their hypothesized relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mental health literacy (b = -0.616, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and personal mental health experiences (b = -1.327, <i>p</i> < 0.001) were statistically associated with lower levels of personal depression stigma. Social support networks show statistical mediation in the relationships between mental health literacy, personal mental health experiences, and personal depression stigma (CFI = 0.977; TLI = 0.956; RMSEA = 0.035; SRMR = 0.027).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our cross-sectional study suggested that mental health literacy and personal mental health experiences were associated with lower levels of personal depression stigma in Chinese older adults, with their associations being statistically mediated by the presence of informal social support networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":55546,"journal":{"name":"Aging & Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148852115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The association of cumulative frailty with subsequent cognitive decline, dementia incidence, and all-cause mortality: a longitudinal cohort study.","authors":"Tongxing Li, Zhehao Zhang, Tianen Zou, Huaying Chu, Jinhong Xia","doi":"10.1080/13607863.2026.2720599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2026.2720599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frailty is dynamic, but associations of cumulative frailty with later cognition, dementia, and death remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed Waves 4-8 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. Cumulative frailty was the area under the curve of five-component frailty scores across Waves 4-6. Cognitive change (Waves 7-8), incident dementia, and all-cause mortality were examined using adjusted linear mixed-effects and Cox models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cognitive, dementia, and mortality analyses included 11,846, 12,108, and 22,696 participants, respectively. Per 1-SD higher cumulative frailty, annual declines were faster in immediate memory (<i>β</i> = -0.009 SD/year; 95% CI -0.013 to -0.004), delayed memory (-0.005; -0.009 to -0.001), and global cognition (-0.007; -0.010 to -0.003). Versus robust participants, frail participants had higher risks of dementia (HR 5.307; 95% CI 3.504-8.036) and mortality (HR 2.922; 2.437-3.504); dementia associations persisted in competing-risk analysis. Nonlinear associations were observed for global cognition, dementia, and mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Greater cumulative frailty was associated with faster cognitive decline and higher dementia and mortality risks, supporting repeated frailty assessment to identify vulnerable older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":55546,"journal":{"name":"Aging & Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yucong Wen, Jiaqi Liu, Jingjing Huang, Jianping Wang, Andreas Maercker
{"title":"Chinese cultural scripts of grief: a qualitative study considering cultural value orientations.","authors":"Yucong Wen, Jiaqi Liu, Jingjing Huang, Jianping Wang, Andreas Maercker","doi":"10.1080/13607863.2026.2719937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2026.2719937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Bereavement is a universal experience shaped by cultural context. Although grief has been extensively studied in Western settings, culturally specific post-bereavement expressions among Chinese populations remain insufficiently understood. The concept of cultural scripts of grief (CSGs) captures culture-specific manifestations of bereavement-related responses and highlights the cultural sensitivity of grief sequelae. This study aimed to identify CSGs elements among Chinese-bereaved individuals and to explore the cultural values underpinning these elements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A semi-qualitative design was employed, combining content and thematic analyses of eight focus groups with 25 bereaved individuals and 11 grief experts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 106 CSGs elements were identified and organized into eight domains, such as cognitive changes, emotional changes, behavioral changes, and growth. These grief experiences were linked to cultural values such as death taboo, filial piety, and collectivism.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cognitive changes, emotional changes, and social relationships symptoms were culturally salient. Death taboo and filial piety emerged as dominant values shaping Chinese CSGs. It enriches the knowledge of grief and culture. Knowledge about CSGs may provide a culture-specific perspective that can help to understand individual experiences of grief and enable mental health practitioners to administer culturally sensitive assessments and interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55546,"journal":{"name":"Aging & Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148834746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Douglas Macfarlane, Alys Wyn Griffiths, Joash Ding, Louis Stokes, Joshua Choma, Ikran Dahir, Clive Ballard, John Dennis, William Henley, Christoph Mueller, Nefyn Williams, Byron Creese
{"title":"Risperidone prescription and use for people with dementia in care homes: a qualitative study exploring perceptions of residents, relatives and health and social care professionals.","authors":"Douglas Macfarlane, Alys Wyn Griffiths, Joash Ding, Louis Stokes, Joshua Choma, Ikran Dahir, Clive Ballard, John Dennis, William Henley, Christoph Mueller, Nefyn Williams, Byron Creese","doi":"10.1080/13607863.2026.2719003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2026.2719003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Risperidone is an antipsychotic used to treat behavioural symptoms of dementia such as agitation, which should be used as a last resort. However, it carries a number of severe side effects, including stroke. Prescribing data suggest regular use outside of this guidance. We currently know very little about the first-hand experiences of people involved in prescribing decisions within care homes. This study aimed to understand perceptions around the risks and benefits of risperidone, preferences on how side effect risks are communicated, and how people feel about being able to better predict these risks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews and one focus group were conducted with care home residents, relatives, and staff. A focus group was conducted with external healthcare professionals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using framework analysis, five main themes were identified: (1) the interplay between the person and their symptoms; (2) balancing voices in decision-making; (3) what happens before prescription?; (4) bringing together information to make the right decision; (5) what happens after prescription?.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Care home staff and relatives of people with dementia were generally uncertain of the risks of risperidone, and the potential side effects were often not explained adequately. While risperidone continues to be prescribed, efforts to minimise harm are required. Specifically, improved education around the risks of risperidone is needed. Relatives wish to be involved in the decision-making process alongside care staff, and their involvement should be optimised through improved communication. Accessible dementia-specific guidance on monitoring risperidone after prescription should also be developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55546,"journal":{"name":"Aging & Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148820460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicholas J Bishop, Kealie J Walker, Corey L Nagel, Jason T Newsom, Anda Botoseneanu, Heather G Allore, Federico Triolo, Ana R Quiñones
{"title":"Prevalent physical multimorbidity patterns and depressive symptom trajectories among community dwelling U.S. older adults.","authors":"Nicholas J Bishop, Kealie J Walker, Corey L Nagel, Jason T Newsom, Anda Botoseneanu, Heather G Allore, Federico Triolo, Ana R Quiñones","doi":"10.1080/13607863.2026.2720598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2026.2720598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Depression may be accelerated by multimorbidity (≥2 chronic conditions). We used data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; 2012-2020) to examine whether trajectories of depressive symptoms varied across prevalent physical multimorbidity patterns among U.S. adults aged ≥65.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analyses included 9,004 respondents that self-reported doctor diagnosed chronic conditions (arthritis, hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, cancer, lung disease, stroke) and completed the HRS-adapted Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression questionnaire. Prevalent physical multimorbidity patterns were identified in 2012 and latent growth models were used to estimate depressive trajectories from 2012-2020. Growth models were adjusted for covariates and complex sample design of the HRS. Sensitivity analyses examined alternative model specifications and potential bias due to non-random dropout.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The latent intercept of depressive symptoms varied across physical multimorbidity patterns, but longitudinal change in depressive symptoms did not. The physical multimorbidity pattern including the greatest number of conditions (i.e. arthritis + hypertension + diabetes + heart disease) was associated with the greatest depressive symptom burden. Arthritis emerged as a key indicator of greater depressive symptom burden. Attrition did not influence findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Targeting specific physical multimorbidity patterns including high condition counts and arthritis may help reduce the burden of depressive symptoms among older U.S. adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":55546,"journal":{"name":"Aging & Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148814946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seonhwa Lee, Pei-Fen Li, Merril Silverstein, Woo Jang
{"title":"Tracing the lifelong effects of early life stress on health: evidence over 50 years.","authors":"Seonhwa Lee, Pei-Fen Li, Merril Silverstein, Woo Jang","doi":"10.1080/13607863.2026.2707236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2026.2707236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the long-term detrimental effects of early stressful life experiences on physical and cognitive health outcomes in later adulthood, with a particular focus on the mediating role of psychological processes across the life course.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used multigenerational data from the Longitudinal Study of Generations (LSOG; N = 561) and applied structural equation modeling to examine the long-term associations between early stressful life experiences (1971-1985) and later health outcomes (2021), with depressive symptoms and self-esteem across adulthood (1994, 1997, 2000, 2005, and 2016) as mediators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early stressful life experiences predicted higher depressive symptoms, which in turn were associated with poorer physical health, greater limitation in physical functioning, and greater perceived health decline in later adulthood, supporting depression as a key life-course mediator. Self-esteem was not associated with early stressful experiences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early stressful life experiences and adverse family circumstances have lasting detrimental effects on health, primarily through persistently elevated depressive symptoms across adulthood, increasing vulnerability to physical and cognitive health problems in later life. By integrating contemporaneous reports from individuals and their mothers collected nearly 50 years ago, this study provides unique life-course evidence linking early stress to later-life health.</p>","PeriodicalId":55546,"journal":{"name":"Aging & Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashifa Kariveliparambil, Fatma Sila Ayan, Jobi Babu, Saravanan K, Sheena Rajan Philip
{"title":"Living alone, feeling connected: television engagement, loneliness, and social isolation among elderly women.","authors":"Ashifa Kariveliparambil, Fatma Sila Ayan, Jobi Babu, Saravanan K, Sheena Rajan Philip","doi":"10.1080/13607863.2026.2719941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2026.2719941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rapidly changing family and migration contexts have made loneliness among older women in single-person households a key psychosocial issue. The literature has focused on loneliness as a lack of social interaction and isolation, with little attention to the emotional aspects of living alone and mediated forms of social contact.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined the lived experiences of older women living alone in Kerala, India, including living alone, television engagement, emotional coping, memory, and relational continuity.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A qualitative reflexive thematic analysis with phenomenological sensitivity was used. Twenty-two older women aged 62-79 years who lived alone in districts of Kerala were interviewed through semi-structured in-depth interviews. Interviews were conducted in Malayalam, and the data were analyzed using NVivo 14.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four themes were found: (1) emotional silence, solitary aging, and everyday loneliness; (2) TV as everyday companionship and emotional presence; (3) mediation of emotional coping and psychological escape; and (4) parasocial relationships, memory, and emotional identification. Loneliness was expressed as a relational phenomenon, while TV functioned as a 'mediated companion' that supported emotional regulation, continuity, autobiographical reflection, and psychological comfort.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mediated emotional life is an underacknowledged aspect of well-being in solitude. These findings have implications for gerontological assessment, social work practice, and mental health care for older women experiencing solitary aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":55546,"journal":{"name":"Aging & Mental Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}