Applied Acoustics最新文献

{"title":"Linking Acoustic emission signals to fatigue crack growth in metallic Materials: A new approach for structural health monitoring","authors":"Jialin Cui ,&nbsp;Xianqiang Qu ,&nbsp;Chunwang Lv ,&nbsp;Jinbo Du","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The stability and lifespan prediction of metallic materials under high stress and harsh environments are critical issues in modern engineering structure design. This study aims to explore the acoustic emission (AE) characteristics of metallic materials under stress conditions through experimental and theoretical analysis. Fatigue tensile experiments were conducted to systematically analyze the AE signals of various metallic materials, and numerical models were developed to predict the AE response. The findings demonstrate that AE technology can identify typical signal characteristics of materials during the stress process, with a significant correlation between the number of AE events and the degree of damage, and can accurately locate damage positions. These insights reveal the intrinsic relationship between AE signals and material damage, highlighting the broad application prospects of AE technology in structural health monitoring. The results provide a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for the health monitoring of metallic materials, contributing to the safety and reliable operation of structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing quality inspection of highly variant geared motors","authors":"Peter Wißbrock ,&nbsp;Lukas Koschek ,&nbsp;Zhao Ren ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Nejdl","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quality inspection is an important step in industrial production to avoid early failures and customer complaints. Custom-built products are often produced in a high number of variants and a low number of instances per variant, which makes automation of quality inspection a difficult task. Today’s manual inspection is cost-intensive and error-prune. This paper introduces the unexplored problem setting of quality inspection of highly variant geared motors and provides a full concept solving this industrial sound analytics problem. To enable research on this important topic, we introduce the publicly accessible Lenze quality inspection dataset, named Lenze-QI* and highlight its special challenges and characteristics. In contrast to other existing datasets, it is fully real-world, and it includes the variants configuration that can be used in machine learning algorithms. It is further demonstrated that the problem setting cannot be solved via state-of-the-art methods but using our proposed two-step approach. First, three feature vectors from the domain of advanced signal processing are proposed. The best performing approach is based on psychoacoustics, while also the approaches using the logarithm envelope or deep learning in combination with optimized spectrogram parameters are still useful. Second, we introduce the conditional node type to be used in an isolation forest, taking the variant’s configuration as input. The resulting conditional isolation forest is a novel anomaly detection approach taking additional attributes into account. Overall, the best performance for Lenze-QI can be achieved by an ensemble of the three advanced signal processing approaches in combination with the novel conditional isolation forest. The state-of-the-art performance is overruled by an increase of 13% in the area under the receiver operating characteristic. We demonstrate that the quality inspection of geared motors can be automated despite many challenges.</div><div>*The dataset Lenze-QI can be downloaded following https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13854459.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear ultrasonic testing of concrete damage based on the stress–strain relationship of concrete hysteresis in non-classical nonlinear models","authors":"Jianfeng Liu ,&nbsp;Mingjie Zhao ,&nbsp;Kui Wang ,&nbsp;Yongjiang Chen ,&nbsp;Yang Cheng ,&nbsp;Zhengqiang Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of applying nonlinear ultrasonic detection to concrete damage, the nonlinear coefficients derived from theoretical models are of paramount importance. This study incorporates the nonclassical nonlinear hysteresis stress–strain relationship of concrete materials into the wave equation, combines boundary conditions, employs perturbation methods, and derives the hysteresis nonlinear coefficients <em>δ</em>₁ and <em>δ</em>₂. Considering the existing classical nonlinear coefficient <em>β</em> and the clapping nonlinear coefficient <em>γ</em>, nonlinear ultrasonic tests were conducted on pre-cracked concrete. Upon analysis of the test results, it was observed that the overall trends of the three nonlinear coefficients exhibited an increase with crack length and a decrease with crack angle. A comparison of the damage characterization performance of the three coefficients reveals that both the classical and the clapping nonlinear coefficient exhibit fluctuations during the damage changes. Whereas, the hysteresis nonlinear coefficients are capable of consistently representing the trend of damage evolution. The hysteresis nonlinear coefficients not only respond sensitively to changes in concrete damage but also clearly represent the changing trend of damage with minimal fluctuations and high robustness. Consequently, they are more suitable for damage detection in concrete materials. Furthermore, this conclusion is validated in both microcrack and multi-crack scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110691"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic modeling and optimization method for large amplitude ultrasonic osteotome for surgical robots","authors":"Linwei Wang ,&nbsp;Faming Zhang ,&nbsp;Ming Yan ,&nbsp;Yu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current clinical application of ultrasonic osteotomes is mainly aimed at use by surgeons, with a lightweight design and small amplitude that limit the ability to fully utilize the advantages of surgical robots, such as load capacity, repetitive accuracy, and overall functionality. The cutting efficiency of traditional small-amplitude ultrasonic osteotomes is relatively low, making them mainly suitable for localized cutting of bone tissue with a thickness of less than 3 mm. To improve the clinical efficacy of ultrasonic osteotomes, this paper introduces a large-amplitude ultrasonic osteotome designed for surgical robots and establishes a corresponding dynamic model. Utilizing the boundary conditions of freedom at both ends and the continuity conditions of displacement and elastic force at each connection, we derive the longitudinal vibration frequency equation and an analysis formula for vibration modes. The dynamic model of the ultrasonic osteotome proposed in this paper serves as the foundation for optimization design and provides a mathematical modeling method that quantitatively describes the resonant frequency and vibration displacement characteristics of the ultrasonic osteotome without the need for complex and time-consuming numerical calculations, such as finite element analysis. A multi-objective optimization model for the ultrasonic osteotome was subsequently developed based on the dynamic model, and the optimal solution was derived using the three-stage method outlined in this paper. The feasibility of this dynamic modeling and optimization method for ultrasonic osteotomes in surgical robotic applications was verified by comparing the vibration characteristics and cutting performance of the ultrasonic osteotome before and after optimization through simulation analysis, performance testing, and cutting experiments. The results of this research provide novel design ideas and performance optimization methods for the application of ultrasonic osteotomes in the field of surgical robots, with the potential to establish a comprehensive design system for ultrasonic orthopedic surgical instruments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110694"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexural-wave dual bandgaps in elastic metamaterial beam based on L-shaped local resonators","authors":"Jian Zhu ,&nbsp;Rui Zhang ,&nbsp;Kaixiang Wang,&nbsp;Lang Zheng,&nbsp;Tianning Chen,&nbsp;Wei Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For achieving multiple bandgaps, a general strategy is to connect single-degree-of-freedom (DOF) resonators in series to form a unit cell with multiple DOF resonators, thus causing a massive and bulky system. This study proposes an L-shaped local resonator attached to a beam to create multiple bandgaps for achieving broadband vibration isolation by utilizing the higher-order eigenmodes of the local resonator. The theoretical model based on the spectral element method (SEM) is developed to investigate the vibration attenuation property of the metamaterial beam. The theoretical and numerical transmissions of finite-length metamaterial beams are calculated and demonstrated by the experiment. The theoretical, numerical, and experimental results demonstrate that, compared to the conventional strategy, the L-shaped resonator can realize multi-bandgaps as well with lighter mass and smaller dimensions. In addition, we investigated the effects of the structural parameters of the L-shaped local resonator on the bandgap and designed a gradient metamaterial beam to obtain a broader vibration attenuation range by special combinations. The L-shaped local resonator proposed in this paper provides a promising solution for lightweight broadband vibration isolation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110692"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadband sound absorption and slow wave in truncated sonic black hole","authors":"Yong-Hua Yu ,&nbsp;Weichun Huang ,&nbsp;Long-Xiang Xie ,&nbsp;Zhi-Han Li ,&nbsp;Xing Li ,&nbsp;Ming-Hui Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sonic black hole (SBH) exhibits significant potential for trapping and dissipating acoustic waves. In this article, we propose a truncated-tail SBH (TSBH) composed of 20-unit cells, with heights increasing according to an exponential law. The truncated-tail SBH enhances low-frequency absorption peaks below the first-order cut-on frequency by promoting global resonance along the entire length of the structure. This results in an expansion of the sound absorption bandwidth towards lower frequencies, while maintaining the overall structural length. At low frequencies, the high-quality factors of resonance impede the formation of broadband sound absorption peaks. To address this, porous materials are integrated into the unit cells, effectively mitigating the inherent radiation leakage at frequency below 850 Hz. This approach significantly enhances sound absorption in the low-frequency range, ensuring better energy dissipation and addressing the challenges posed by strong dispersion effects in this regime. Slow wave phenomena are also observed in the same frequency range by calculating the effective bulk modulus and sound speed. Test samples are manufactured using 3D printing and tested in a square cross-section impedance tube. An average sound absorption coefficient greater than 80 % is measured over a broadband range from 250 to 1700 Hz with a structure thickness of 100 mm. The proposed slow sound theory and the properties of truncated SBH with added porous materials may pave the way for perfectly absorbing SBH, potentially broadening its application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110677"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double sonic boom of an aerial bomb and a ballistic missile","authors":"Rufin Makarewicz","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110675","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acceleration during the supersonic descent of an aerial bomb or a ballistic missile in the atmosphere is considered. On the ground, inside the circle of radius <span><math><msub><mi>r</mi><mrow><mi>max</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> with its center at the target, an explosion and double sonic boom are recorded. Outside this circle only the explosion is heard. The time gaps between the sonic booms and the explosion are calculated. Drag force and refraction are taken into account.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110675"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sound source localization in a natural soundscape with autonomous recorder units based on a new time-difference-of-arrival algorithm","authors":"Laurent Lellouch,&nbsp;Sylvain Haupert,&nbsp;Jérôme Sueur","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acoustic sound source localization is an emerging approach in animal behavior and ecology to either monitor individuals or to describe the spatial and temporal structure of natural soundscapes. The localization of sound sources mainly rely on the deployment in the field of microphone arrays and on the subsequent pairwise comparison of signals to infer position through triangulation. However, most of the current methods face the challenge of separating or not the sound sources before estimating their spatial position. On the one hand, source localization with upstream separation is particularly challenging in noisy outdoor environments. On the other hand, no-separation sound source localization can be possible only when calling rates are low. Here, using four outdoor low-cost recorders, we propose a new method which is an intermediate between the separation and no-separation strategies. Our deterministic algorithm combines a rough call separation, the computation and self-consistency check of time difference of arrivals, the separation or aggregation of sound sources, the localization of the sources in Cartesian or polar coordinates, and the final identification by an expert. We tested this method on a 190 min soundscape recording achieved in a temperate freshwater environment. The automated analysis revealed the space and time pattern of an amphibian, avian and human complex soundscape. This procedure opens the possibility to deploy similar passive acoustic programs to monitor either predetermined individuals or the composition of dynamic soundscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and warning criteria of metro rail corrugation based on vibration and noise data fusion","authors":"Yang Wang ,&nbsp;Hong Xiao ,&nbsp;Shaolei Wei ,&nbsp;Xiubo Liu ,&nbsp;Jiafu Cai ,&nbsp;Weize Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Online monitoring of track conditions using commercial trains is pivotal for advancing intelligent railway maintenance. This study introduces a novel Corrugation Vibration-Noise Index (CVNI) based on vibration-noise data fusion to detect rail corrugation via train body dynamic responses. The correlation between train body vibrations, carriage interior noise, and rail corrugation is systematically analyzed, and the CVNI calculation process is derived. The effects of measurement point location, train type, track structure, and curve radius on CVNI are thoroughly investigated. Additionally, an Energy Coupling Index (ECI) is introduced as an auxiliary indicator for rail corrugation detection. A rail corrugation warning criterion based on CVNI is established and validated using field data. The results indicate that, under the same rail corrugation excitation, vertical vibration acceleration signals of the train body are more sensitive to short-wavelength corrugation of 40–60 mm, while carriage interior noise signals are more sensitive to medium-to-long wavelength corrugation of 160 mm. CVNI balances the Vibration Index (VI) and Noise Index (NI), demonstrating robust generalization across varying curve radii and track structures. The combined use of CVNI and ECI effectively mitigates low-frequency noise interference during low-speed operations and accurately identifies rail corrugation sections. When compared to traditional testing methods, the error is reduced to just 1.27 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110686"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech intelligibility improvement for public address systems in noisy environments based on automatic gain selection in octave bands","authors":"Józef Kotus,&nbsp;Grzegorz Szwoch","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A method of speech intelligibility improvement in public address (PA) systems installed in reverberant acoustic spaces is proposed. The method is mainly intended for systems operating in high background noise levels. The algorithm is based on the near end listening enhancement approach. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is evaluated in the octave frequency bands. Signal levels in the acoustic space are estimated using the measured impulse response of the room. Noise level is measured with the microphone, also a method of noise level estimation in presence of speech is proposed. Based on the calculated SNR values, a set of gain limits is selected, which allows for optimal utilization of the available acoustic power. Finally, gain values for the octave bands are calculated and applied to the speech signal. The overall performance of the proposed method was evaluated in a series of experiments performed in real acoustic spaces. Speech intelligibility was estimated using the STIPA index, measured with and without an additional, high-level noise source. The results indicate that the proposed method improved speech intelligibility in all tested cases, compared with the default PA system, especially in presence of a high-level background noise. The proposed method may be integrated with PA systems equipped with a digital signal processor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110683"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}