Applied Acoustics最新文献

{"title":"Addressing aerodynamic noise in vehicles: a hybrid method for noise reduction and signal preservation","authors":"Shiqiang Wen ,&nbsp;Feng Deng ,&nbsp;Chuqi Su ,&nbsp;Xun Liu ,&nbsp;Junyan Wang ,&nbsp;Yiping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vehicle interior noise significantly affects passenger comfort and is composed of powertrain, road, and aerodynamic noise—the latter becoming dominant at high speeds. Advances in noise control and the rise of electric vehicles have diminished engine noise, thereby accentuating aerodynamic noise, which typically spans a frequency range of 40  Hz to 5  kHz. To address the challenges posed by this broadband, nonlinear noise, we propose a Hybrid Aerodynamic Active Noise Control (HAANC) methodology that integrates advanced signal processing and machine learning for precise noise suppression. Specifically, Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and the Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) are employed for high-resolution signal decomposition and feature extraction, while an adaptive multi-filter structure enhances computational efficiency and stability. In addition, a novel signal extraction network—built on convolutional and bidirectional long short-term memory layers with an attention mechanism—is designed to preserve in-vehicle target sounds, such as conversations and music, amidst interference. Experimental evaluations on real-world datasets show that for pure aerodynamic noise signals, Normalized Mean Squared Error (NMSE) decreased by approximately 10.23  dB and the power spectral density (PSD) was reduced by an average of 15.6  dB/Hz. Under mixed-signal conditions with a –10  dB signal-to-noise ratio, short-time objective intelligibility (STOI) improved by 6.2 %, Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality Mean Opinion Score (PESQ MOS) increased by 26.28 %, and Mean Opinion Score Listening Overall Opinion (MOS LOO) increased by 27.42 %. These quantitative improvements substantiate the superior performance and generalization capabilities of the proposed HAANC system for enhancing passenger comfort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted reproduction of interior sound field for mitigating negative acoustics effects based on nonlinear programming","authors":"Xu Li ,&nbsp;Xudong Wu ,&nbsp;Jin Huang ,&nbsp;Qitao Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the interior negative acoustic effects (NAEs) generated in vehicular sound cavities during acoustic modulation, this investigation proposes a targeted reproduction approach oriented towards the interior sound field based on nonlinear programming. For a given vehicular sound cavity, the sound source locations matching the acoustical transmission responses in vehicle environment is determined, and NAEs composed of scattering and reflection effects are interpreted and calculated. By the numerical equivalence of three reproductive challenges, the targeted sound field reproduction (SFR) based on nonlinear programming is formulated. Combined with the practical loudspeaker properties, the influence of NAEs on reproduced sound fields and its mitigation are analyzed. An experimental verification platform corresponding to vehicular sound cavity is constructed, so the different performances with the free fields and vehicle driving conditions are investigated, respectively. Simulation and measurement results both demonstrate that the proposed method not only achieves brilliant SFR performance, but also effectively achieves NAEs mitigation through targeted compensation mechanism. This research, starting from the acoustical characteristic of vehicular sound cavity and the equivalence calculation for interior NAEs, can provide technical support for high-quality acoustical performances in vehicle environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110760"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrathin low-frequency tunable sound absorbing structure based on buckling plates","authors":"Yifan Zhang,&nbsp;Xianhui Li,&nbsp;Xiaoling Gai,&nbsp;Tuo Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To overcome the complexity and limited tunability of deep subwavelength sound absorbers, a low-frequency tunable buckling plate resonator is proposed. The structure comprises an ultrathin steel plate, a frame, and a sealed air cavity. By applying uniaxial in-plane load to adjust the stiffness of the plate, frequency tunability is achieved without altering the structural parameters of the absorber. A theoretical model and a finite element model were established to analyze its acoustic performance, and parametric analysis was performed to determine suitable configurations for achieving deep subwavelength absorption. Experimental and numerical results demonstrate highly efficient sound absorption in the frequency range of 332–404 Hz, with a half-absorption bandwidth of 15–20 Hz. The absorber operates at deep subwavelength scales, with a thickness about 1/172th of the maximal working wavelength of sound wave. Compared to existing deep subwavelength absorbers, the proposed absorber features a simpler structure and enhanced tunability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110721"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban traffic flow estimation with noise measurements using log-linear regression","authors":"Siddharth Venkataraman ,&nbsp;Romain Rumpler","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes the determination of a log-linear regression model for estimating average traffic flow rates using a single measured noise indicator. This model was trained and tested with noise and traffic count data collected over 400 days at a case study location in central Stockholm, Sweden. Through a comprehensive analysis of the correlation between various noise indicators and traffic counts, the best performing indicator was selected, enabling traffic flow estimation with an average day-wise RMSE of 2.31 vehicles per minute and percentage error of 7%. Different measurement campaign strategies were tested to assess their effectiveness in providing reliable training data, demonstrating that campaigns measuring over all hours of the day and all days of the week perform significantly better than campaigns restricted to typical weekday working hours. This study highlights the potential of noise-based traffic estimation as a complementary, cost-effective approach for enhancing real-time traffic monitoring and transportation assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110745"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ measurements of traffic noise on several roads in Algeria","authors":"Abdelouahab Bouttout,&nbsp;Nassir Rouibah","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an experimental methodology to investigate the correlation between tire rolling noise and pavement surface characteristics, specifically roughness and texture. Measurements were conducted using the two primary methods employed to assess the influence of road surfaces on traffic noise: the Pass-By Method and a Close Proximity-like (CPX-like) method. The latter utilizes a tire different from the ISO reference tire and a microphone placed in a potentially semi-reverberant cavity. Initially, noise level predictions from the Federal Highway and RLS 90 models were compared with Pass-By Method measurements near urban areas, rather than with L_A,eq values, as is commonly done. The validation process demonstrated that the Federal Highway model provides more accurate results in this environment. Subsequently, extensive traffic flow measurements were carried out on a broad road network in Algeria, supplying input data for the prediction model and enabling noise level forecasting. Findings indicate that, during both day and night periods, noise levels frequently exceed the thresholds set by national regulations, particularly on rough pavements. The CPX-like method, implemented with non-standard equipment, was then employed to measure tire-road noise during vehicle rolling, following system calibration using a Brüel &amp; Kjær (BK) 2270 sound level meter as a reference. The experimental procedure assessed noise signals generated by tires across various road sections, examining both smooth and rough pavement surfaces. The adherence and Longitudinal Friction Coefficient (LFC) varied across sections due to differing traffic loads, including light and heavy vehicles. Additionally, a test section paved with semi-granular bituminous concrete (SGBC 0/14) was analyzed, revealing that the particle size distribution of aggregates plays a role in noise reduction. Experimental results suggest that further adjustments to this formulation could lower instantaneous tire-road noise levels. Comprehensive roughness, texture, and friction measurements across multiple road sections confirmed that the CPX-like method’s sound level readings correlate with surface roughness, particularly the Mean Profile Diameter (MPD) and LFC. A decrease in MPD was associated with a 2 dB reduction in noise level, while an LFC of 0.25 led to an increase of 2.5 dB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110748"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the subjective severity of laptop fan abnormal sounds using psychoacoustic parameters","authors":"Yuyun Gao ,&nbsp;Yu Huang ,&nbsp;Xu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The demand for acoustic comfort in domestic appliances has seen a remarkable surge, with the laptop, a prevalent device in modern homes, often being a source of undesirable noise. Such noise, especially abnormal fan sounds, can adversely affect user comfort during operation. Manufacturers are thus keen to differentiate these abnormal sounds from the routine noise of laptop fans to ascertain potential issues. This study explored the relationship between the severity of abnormal laptop fan sounds and key psychoacoustic metrics through two subjective experiments. In Experiment 1, a group 24 participants evaluated 72 laptop fan noise stimuli, which were generated from records of laptop fans operating at 12 distinct speeds ranging from 2700 to 4900 rpm in 200 rpm increments. In Experiment 2, another group of 24 participants estimated 64 stimuli characterized by pronounced abnormal sounds across various fan speeds, with these sounds adjusted to have equal loudness at each rpm. The contribution of psychoacoustic metrics, i.e., loudness, sharpness, roughness, fluctuation strength, and tonality (hearing model), on the perceived severity of the abnormal sounds, was analyzed by partial correlation analysis. Psychoacoustic analysis revealed loudness dominance in abnormal noise perception, with the derived multivariate linear regression model demonstrating determination coefficient (R² = 0.914). Cross-experimental validation established complementary mediation through roughness and sharpness modulations, suggesting their systematic incorporation with loudness as triaxial diagnostic parameters for enhanced anomaly detection in engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110753"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sound absorption in uniform and layered gyroid and diamond triply periodic minimal surface porous absorbers","authors":"Janith Godakawela ,&nbsp;Amulya Lomte ,&nbsp;Bhisham Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the acoustical properties of additively manufactured porous absorbers with gyroid and diamond triply periodic minimal surface pore geometries. Porous samples with different relative densities are fabricated using vat photopolymerization and tested using acoustic impedance and airflow resistivity measurement setups. Optical microscopy shows that the increased wall thicknesses due to polymer expansion causes the actual relative densities of the fabricated samples to exceed the intended designs. The two-microphone tests demonstrate that higher relative densities enhance sound absorption effectiveness, with the diamond geometry outperforming the gyroid at equivalent relative densities. The airflow resistivity tests indicate that the superior performance of the diamond samples stems from their increased airflow resistance, attributable to the absence of through-holes in their structure. We use the inverse characterization approach to model the absorbers using the Johnson-Champoux-Allard rigid formulation, uncovering additional variations in bulk transport properties that are linked to the differing geometries. The validated numerical models are then used to predict the sound absorption performance of sound package designs with various series and parallel relative density gradients using a transfer matrix method. Our results show that such layered configurations of additively manufactured TPMS-based absorbers can enable the design of sound packages with application-specific absorption performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110761"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative residual fuzzy dispersion entropy and its multiscale version: methodology, validation and application of feature extraction for ship target signals","authors":"Zhaoxi Li ,&nbsp;Yaan Li ,&nbsp;Kai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When quantifying the complexity of ship target signal features, the existing entropy methods often encounter problems like low accuracy, insufficient robustness, and lack of reliability. In addressing the aforementioned challenges, this research puts forward a novel entropy index, namely the cumulative residual fuzzy dispersion entropy (CRFuzDisEn), along with its multiscale extension, the time-shift multiscale CRFuzDisEn (TMCRFuzDisEn). The aim is to overcome the limitations encountered by traditional entropy methods when analyzing non-stationary ship target signals with noise interference. By integrating cumulative residual probability, fuzzy membership functions, and multiscale analysis, CRFuzDisEn can effectively quantify the signal complexity while maintaining remarkable noise resistance. Verified by synthetic signals and measured ship target datasets, compared with dispersion entropy and fuzzy dispersion entropy, the classification accuracy of CRFuzDisEn is increased by 13.43%. And compared with other multiscale patterns, the classification accuracy of TMCRFuzDisEn is improved by 46.18%. Evidently, the method proposed in this research demonstrates outstanding performance in the area of ship target recognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional gradient acoustic enhancement and collection based on the dual edge states","authors":"Yulin Li,&nbsp;Jian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the development of topological phononic crystals (PCs), the unique physical properties such as topological protection and robustness provide many advantages for acoustic collection devices, including higher reliability, wider bandwidth, higher efficiency, and the potential for multi-directional collection. In this paper, we propose a valley topological PC based on plate trimer (PT-PC). The additional “inner cavity” introduced by PT structure also satisfies C_3V symmetry, which leads to the formation of two topologically protected edge bands with opposite group velocities on the single topological interface. Furthermore, based on PT-PC and rainbow trapping principle, a bidirectional gradient acoustic enhancement and collection structure (B-GAC) is designed, which has the characteristics of acoustic enhancement, wide bandwidth and two collection directions. The simulation and experiment prove that the structure can enhance and collect sound waves from two directions, with the bandwidth almost covering the entire bandgap. This research contributes to the development and engineering applications of wide-bandwidth, multi-directional acoustic energy harvesting, acoustic enhancement sensing and other topological acoustic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110716"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using time reversal with long duration broadband noise signals to achieve high amplitude and a desired spectrum at a target location","authors":"Rylee S. Russell ,&nbsp;Brian E. Anderson ,&nbsp;Michael H. Denison","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Time Reversal (TR) is a signal processing technique that can be used to focus acoustic waves to a specific location in space, with most applications aiming to create an impulsive focus. This study instead aims to focus long-duration noise signals using TR. This paper seeks to generate higher amplitude noise at a desired location over an existing method of broadcasting equalized noise. Additionally, this paper explores various characteristics associated with focusing long duration noise using TR. The dependence of the focal amplitude on the duration of the focused signal is explored as well as the implications of using multiple sources when focusing noise. The focal amplitude decreases with longer duration and then levels off when the duration exceeds a few seconds. Coherent addition of focused noise is observed if all loudspeakers have coherent noise signals convolved with their reversed impulse responses. Lastly, focusing noise with a desired spectrum is explored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110744"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}