Applied Acoustics最新文献

{"title":"A prototype methodology for acoustic heritage preservation: integrating H-BIM and legal frameworks for the protection of intangible cultural assets","authors":"Samantha Di Loreto,&nbsp;Alessandro Ricciutelli,&nbsp;Sergio Montelpare","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores a potential approach to documenting the acoustic characteristics of sacred spaces through the integration of acoustic and psychoacoustic analysis and Heritage Building Information Modeling (H-BIM) tested on the S. Flaviano Church. While traditional Building Information Modeling (BIM) typically focuses on contemporary architecture, this research investigates how H-BIM methodologies can be adapted to help document acoustic features that contribute to the experience of historical religious buildings. The proposed methodology attempts to combine psychoacoustic data with objective acoustic measurements to explore ways to capture the acoustic environment of sacred spaces. In this study, acoustic objective measurements and subjective ratings from 41 attendees during a Sunday service were collected. The results revealed significant correlations between the subjective impressions and objective parameters. Specifically, subjective ratings of reverberation aligned moderately with RT30 measurements (r = 0.62, p &lt; 0.01), and speech intelligibility ratings correlated with STI values (r = 0.55, p &lt; 0.01). The overall acoustic quality rating was found to be influenced by both RT30 and STI, with multiple regression analysis indicating that these parameters collectively accounted for approximately 81 % of the variance in acoustic quality ratings. The integration of acoustic data into the H-BIM model represents an initial exploration towards developing documentation practices that not only consider material aspects but also immaterial aspects such as acoustic characteristics. This preliminary study aims to contribute to the ongoing discussion on preserving the various aspects of cultural heritage in sacred spaces. This research is part of the broader national research initiative funded by PRIN 2022 PNRR <em>‘The Sound in the Digital Era: Spaces, Identity, Rights and Culture (SoundSIRC)’</em>, which recognizes the significance of acoustic heritage preservation in the Italian cultural context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110759"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A broadband acoustic waveguide cloak based on the gradient impedance boundaries","authors":"Shuai Chang ,&nbsp;Bogang Huang ,&nbsp;Weirui Lei ,&nbsp;Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Feng Tian ,&nbsp;Jinru Gong ,&nbsp;Fangfang Ju ,&nbsp;Shibei Xue ,&nbsp;Sheng-You Qian ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110763","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110763","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Invisibility cloaking is a longstanding research topic due to its significant applications in various human activities like communication, manufacturing and aerospace, etc. In this paper, we theoretically design and experimentally demonstrated a broadband acoustic waveguide cloak for acoustic waves in air, which is composed of a straight waveguide coated with two gradient impedance boundaries (GIBs). When the plane wave (PW) incidents into the waveguide, it exercises a mode conversion of PW-surface wave (SW)-PW. As SWs are confined by GIBs, obstacles in the waveguide between the confined SWs become invisible to the incident PW with negligible reflection. Thus, an acoustic waveguide cloak is obtained. The experiments demonstrate the negligible reflection (&lt;5 %) in the waveguide coated with GIBs, i.e., in our proposed acoustic waveguide cloak from 2.62 kHz to 3.74 kHz. However, in the same frequencies, the incident PW is almost totally reflected (&gt;98 %) in the waveguide without GIBs. It agrees well with the simulation results and the theoretical predictions. Thus, a broadband acoustic waveguide cloak is obtained. In addition, the acoustic waveguide cloak is also demonstrated in the waveguides with sharp bends and corners, such as the L-shaped and the U-shaped waveguides. Our proposal may provide a strong candidate for acoustic wave manipulation and acoustic functional devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110763"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SB-SENet: Diffusion model based on Schrödinger bridge for speech enhancement","authors":"Huaifeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Guigeng Li ,&nbsp;Pengfei Wu ,&nbsp;Yong Gao ,&nbsp;Hao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Score-based generative models and diffusion models are increasingly being applied in the field of speech enhancement, demonstrating remarkable performance. However, the lack of accurate structural information in mixed speech samples, which combine speech and Gaussian noise, still poses inference challenges and thereby affects speech quality. This paper introduces a novel generative model, SB-SENet, based on the Schrödinger bridge for speech enhancement. The Schrödinger bridge constructs the optimal transport path from the initial probability distribution to the target probability distribution by minimizing the Kullback-Leibler divergence cost function. This process is part of the entropy-regularized optimal path solution, aiming to approximate the noisy speech sample to the clean speech sample through probability distributions to obtain the predicted sample. Unlike diffusion models, which first learn the forward diffusion process from the noisy speech sample to a Gaussian distribution, SB-SENet directly learns the nonlinear diffusion process from the noisy speech sample to the clean speech sample, preserving more structural information about the initial sample. SB-SENet model utilizes a Transformer to capture unique features of time-series signals and a U-Net network to fuse multi-scale information. The loss function is constructed using a score-based generative framework, incorporating phase loss, magnitude loss, and metric loss to gradually reduce the difference between the predicted sample and the clean speech sample. Experimental results show that, in terms of speech quality, the SB-SENet model proposed in this paper achieves a PESQ score of 3.79 on the Voicebank+DEMAND dataset and a PESQ score of 3.65 on the DNS Challenge dataset, achieving state-of-the-art performance compared to recent speech enhancement models. We put the demo sample on a website <span><span>https://svcodec.github.io/SB-SENet.github.io/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110742"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation and design of T-shaped barrier tops including periodic split ring resonator arrays for increased noise reduction","authors":"Xiaochun Qin,&nbsp;Weijie Yang,&nbsp;Zijian Zhang,&nbsp;Vicky Wangechi Wangari","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Road traffic flows are increasing and so are associated noise levels along highways. Simply increasing the height of conventional noise barriers is not a sustainable way of meeting the greater requirements for noise control. This paper reports the design of two types of structures involving either horizontal or vertical cylindrical split ring resonators placed on a T-shaped noise barrier to improve its acoustical performance. These structures exploit mechanisms of Bragg scattering, cavity resonance, and sound absorption by cylindrical microperforated plate inserts. The designs are based on 2D and 3D finite element models and measured frequency spectra of highway noise. They have been validated by full scale tests in a semi-anechoic laboratory. The structures with uniformly reducing numbers of horizontal resonators in successive rows and uniformly reducing heights in successive rows of vertical resonators are found to offer the best overall noise reduction. Microperforated cylindrical inserts are found to increase the reduction offered by the horizontal resonator arrangements by 5 dB near 2 kHz, while having little effect on the performance of the arrays of vertical resonators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110751"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental novel investigation of diagnostics cavitation in axial pump using vibration and acoustic measurements based on CWT and FFT analyses approaches","authors":"Ahmed Ramadhan Al-Obaidi","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110758","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110758","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents the findings of tests to predict the start of cavitation using a variety of statistical factors generated from: the acoustic signal from a microphone near the pump outlet, and the vibration signal received from an accelerometer on the pump casing. Based on a thorough examination of a variety of statistical metrics from time and frequency and domain analysis of the signals based on FFT and CWT investigations, an evaluation of the relative benefits of the various techniques for the detection of incipient cavitation is provided. This study brings some significant new contributions to the field of condition monitoring in general and cavitation monitoring in the pump specifically, while also consolidating and validating the majority of earlier work on the subject. These contributions include the use both vibration signature analysis and acoustics for the diagnosis and detection of cavitation in pumps. The contributions also consider the use of the low frequency vibration and acoustics spectrum (10 to 2000 Hz) for cavitation monitoring in pumps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110758"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slow waves in ducts with external SBH insertion and perforated boundaries","authors":"Sihui Li,&nbsp;Xiang Yu,&nbsp;Li Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An acoustic duct with external sonic black hole (E-SBH) insertion differs from the widely studied conventional configuration in which SBH components are located inside the duct. The E-SBH has the foreseeable benefit of avoiding flow obstruction inside the conduit while preserving the desired SBH effects. The characterizations of such SBH configurations alongside the wave propagation properties along the duct, however, have been less investigated. In this study, we analyze an E-SBH with perforation-modulated boundaries by means of theoretical, numerical and experimental methods. Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) solutions and their applicable ranges are first developed, allowing for a comprehensive characterization of slow-wave phenomena in both bare E-SBH and perforation-modulated E-SBH (PME-SBH) configurations. These solutions, verified against numerical simulations, provide a complete and analytical description of wave speed variations and define theoretical slow-wave limits for a given set of system parameters. By incorporating perforated boundaries and optimizing the perforation parameters, PME-SBH is shown to entail enhanced wave retarding effect, maintaining slow-sound with fewer inner rings. Finally, time-domain experiments confirm the predicted slow-wave effects in both external SBH configurations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110754"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing aerodynamic noise in vehicles: a hybrid method for noise reduction and signal preservation","authors":"Shiqiang Wen ,&nbsp;Feng Deng ,&nbsp;Chuqi Su ,&nbsp;Xun Liu ,&nbsp;Junyan Wang ,&nbsp;Yiping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vehicle interior noise significantly affects passenger comfort and is composed of powertrain, road, and aerodynamic noise—the latter becoming dominant at high speeds. Advances in noise control and the rise of electric vehicles have diminished engine noise, thereby accentuating aerodynamic noise, which typically spans a frequency range of 40  Hz to 5  kHz. To address the challenges posed by this broadband, nonlinear noise, we propose a Hybrid Aerodynamic Active Noise Control (HAANC) methodology that integrates advanced signal processing and machine learning for precise noise suppression. Specifically, Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and the Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) are employed for high-resolution signal decomposition and feature extraction, while an adaptive multi-filter structure enhances computational efficiency and stability. In addition, a novel signal extraction network—built on convolutional and bidirectional long short-term memory layers with an attention mechanism—is designed to preserve in-vehicle target sounds, such as conversations and music, amidst interference. Experimental evaluations on real-world datasets show that for pure aerodynamic noise signals, Normalized Mean Squared Error (NMSE) decreased by approximately 10.23  dB and the power spectral density (PSD) was reduced by an average of 15.6  dB/Hz. Under mixed-signal conditions with a –10  dB signal-to-noise ratio, short-time objective intelligibility (STOI) improved by 6.2 %, Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality Mean Opinion Score (PESQ MOS) increased by 26.28 %, and Mean Opinion Score Listening Overall Opinion (MOS LOO) increased by 27.42 %. These quantitative improvements substantiate the superior performance and generalization capabilities of the proposed HAANC system for enhancing passenger comfort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted reproduction of interior sound field for mitigating negative acoustics effects based on nonlinear programming","authors":"Xu Li ,&nbsp;Xudong Wu ,&nbsp;Jin Huang ,&nbsp;Qitao Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the interior negative acoustic effects (NAEs) generated in vehicular sound cavities during acoustic modulation, this investigation proposes a targeted reproduction approach oriented towards the interior sound field based on nonlinear programming. For a given vehicular sound cavity, the sound source locations matching the acoustical transmission responses in vehicle environment is determined, and NAEs composed of scattering and reflection effects are interpreted and calculated. By the numerical equivalence of three reproductive challenges, the targeted sound field reproduction (SFR) based on nonlinear programming is formulated. Combined with the practical loudspeaker properties, the influence of NAEs on reproduced sound fields and its mitigation are analyzed. An experimental verification platform corresponding to vehicular sound cavity is constructed, so the different performances with the free fields and vehicle driving conditions are investigated, respectively. Simulation and measurement results both demonstrate that the proposed method not only achieves brilliant SFR performance, but also effectively achieves NAEs mitigation through targeted compensation mechanism. This research, starting from the acoustical characteristic of vehicular sound cavity and the equivalence calculation for interior NAEs, can provide technical support for high-quality acoustical performances in vehicle environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110760"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrathin low-frequency tunable sound absorbing structure based on buckling plates","authors":"Yifan Zhang,&nbsp;Xianhui Li,&nbsp;Xiaoling Gai,&nbsp;Tuo Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To overcome the complexity and limited tunability of deep subwavelength sound absorbers, a low-frequency tunable buckling plate resonator is proposed. The structure comprises an ultrathin steel plate, a frame, and a sealed air cavity. By applying uniaxial in-plane load to adjust the stiffness of the plate, frequency tunability is achieved without altering the structural parameters of the absorber. A theoretical model and a finite element model were established to analyze its acoustic performance, and parametric analysis was performed to determine suitable configurations for achieving deep subwavelength absorption. Experimental and numerical results demonstrate highly efficient sound absorption in the frequency range of 332–404 Hz, with a half-absorption bandwidth of 15–20 Hz. The absorber operates at deep subwavelength scales, with a thickness about 1/172th of the maximal working wavelength of sound wave. Compared to existing deep subwavelength absorbers, the proposed absorber features a simpler structure and enhanced tunability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110721"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban traffic flow estimation with noise measurements using log-linear regression","authors":"Siddharth Venkataraman ,&nbsp;Romain Rumpler","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes the determination of a log-linear regression model for estimating average traffic flow rates using a single measured noise indicator. This model was trained and tested with noise and traffic count data collected over 400 days at a case study location in central Stockholm, Sweden. Through a comprehensive analysis of the correlation between various noise indicators and traffic counts, the best performing indicator was selected, enabling traffic flow estimation with an average day-wise RMSE of 2.31 vehicles per minute and percentage error of 7%. Different measurement campaign strategies were tested to assess their effectiveness in providing reliable training data, demonstrating that campaigns measuring over all hours of the day and all days of the week perform significantly better than campaigns restricted to typical weekday working hours. This study highlights the potential of noise-based traffic estimation as a complementary, cost-effective approach for enhancing real-time traffic monitoring and transportation assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110745"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}