Applied Acoustics最新文献

{"title":"Improving heavy-weight floor impact sound FEA predictions in box-frame concrete apartments: slab damping and elastic modulus","authors":"Seong-Bok Lee ,&nbsp;Myung-Jun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Predicting heavy-weight floor impact sound in reinforced concrete apartment buildings is crucial for ensuring acoustic comfort. This study aims to enhance the accuracy of finite element analysis based predictions of heavy-weight floor impact sound by evaluating the damping ratio and elastic modulus of concrete slabs. Field measurements were conducted in a newly constructed box-frame reinforced concrete apartment building in South Korea, where the damping ratio of slabs was measured using both an impact hammer and a standard heavy-weight impact source, rubber ball over a frequency range of 1–800 Hz. The results revealed significant variations in damping ratios depending on the impact source, with damping increasing at lower frequencies.</div><div>To assess the effect of elastic modulus variations on prediction accuracy, FEA simulations were conducted with elastic modulus values set at 70 %, 80 %, 90 %, and 100 % of the design value, 25 GPa. The predicted and measured results were compared using Pearson correlation coefficients and root mean squared error analysis. Among the four floor plan types analyzed, three exhibited the highest accuracy at 70 % of the design elastic modulus, while one type showed better agreement at 100 %.</div><div>This study confirms that using the damping ratio obtained from the same impact source as the measurement improves prediction accuracy. Additionally, accounting for the natural vibration mode of the slab when selecting the elastic modulus enhances the precision of heavy-weight floor impact sound predictions. These findings contribute to the optimization of floating floor system designs by mitigating resonance phenomena in reinforced concrete apartment buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 110863"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of frequency on the propagation of L (0, 1) guided waves in the prestressed strand anchorage segment","authors":"Can Wang,&nbsp;Wenjie Xiao,&nbsp;Jiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In prestressed anchorage systems, steel strands are typically encased within protective materials which restricts guided wave excitation from the external free segment. Effective assessment of internal strand integrity requires wave propagation through the anchorage segment. This study investigated the effect of frequency on the propagation characteristics of L (0, 1) guided waves in prestressed strand anchorage segments. Semi-analytical finite element models were developed for both the free and tensile segment of the steel strand to analyze the displacement distribution of the L (0, 1) guided wave within the frequency range of 80–320 kHz.. The results show that the energy of the L (0, 1) guided waves is more concentrated at the cross-section center in the outer helical steel wires with the increasing of the frequency. These phenomena indicates that the higher frequency L (0, 1) guided waves are less affected by the anchor constraint boundary conditions. To further investigate wave behavior in the anchorage segment, a finite element simulation model was established to investigate the transient propagation characteristics of L(0,1) guided waves through the anchorage. The simulation results show that the strong interface reflection echoes are induced when the L (0, 1) guided waves propagate through the anchorage segment from the free segment. In addition, due to energy leakage from the steel wire into the anchorage, a trailing leakage wave packet is generated after the guided wave passes through the anchorage. However, as the frequency of the L (0, 1) guided wave increases from 80 kHz to 320 kHz, both the reflection and leakage phenomena in the anchorage segment gradually diminish. Finally, a guided wave through-anchorage detection experiment was conducted, and the results demonstrated that the reflection coefficient reaches 0.57 at 80 kHz and decreases rapidly with increasing frequency to 0.12 at 200 kHz and then stabilizes. In contrast, the transmission coefficient shows a non-monotonic trend due to interference between leakage and transmitted waves, increasing from 0.37 to 0.45 in the 80–120 kHz range, decreasing to 0.17 between 120–240 kHz, and then recovering to 0.43 in the 240–320 kHz range, which aligns well with the simulation results. This study provides a basis for selecting guided wave modes and frequencies for detecting steel strand defects within anchorage systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 110859"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TBP-XFE: A transformer-based explainable framework for EEG music genre classification with hemispheric and directed lobish analysis","authors":"Suat Tas ,&nbsp;Dahiru Tanko ,&nbsp;Irem Tasci ,&nbsp;Sengul Dogan ,&nbsp;Turker Tuncer","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electroencephalography (EEG) signals offer important information for machine learning. In this work, we evaluate whether EEG signals can be used to classify music genres. We use a new transformer-based feature extraction method called the Three-Body Pattern (TBP). We also collected an EEG based music dataset containing five classes and these classes are: classical, popular, rap, ballad, and resting.</div><div>Our feature engineering framework operates in four phases. First, the TBP method transforms each EEG signal to extract distinct features. Second, we use cumulative weighted neighborhood component analysis (CWNCA) to select the best features. Third, a t-algorithm-based k-nearest neighbors (tkNN) classifier assigns class labels. Finally, we apply Directed Lobish (DLob) and hemispheric symbolic languages to produce clear and explainable results.</div><div>The TBP-related explainable feature engineering (XFE) framework achieved over 90% classification accuracy on the EEG music dataset. This represents a promising advancement in EEG based music classification because it produces clear and explainable outputs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 110855"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploiting lightweight neural post-filtering for directional speech enhancement","authors":"Tianchi Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaobin Rong ,&nbsp;Dahan Wang ,&nbsp;Yuxiang Hu ,&nbsp;Kai Chen ,&nbsp;Jing Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Directional speech enhancement using a microphone array aims to isolate the target speaker's voice from competing speakers and background noise. While traditional signal processing-based beamformers often struggle to suppress residual interference, end-to-end methods face challenges in operating on low-resource devices and generalizing to real-world scenarios. To address these issues, we propose a hybrid approach that integrates the robust generalized sidelobe canceler (GSC) with a neural post-filter. Our method employs a lightweight network architecture as the backbone of the neural post-filter, utilizing both microphone array signals and GSC outputs, which are modeled by separate encoders. Additionally, we introduce an auxiliary decoder to learn the target components in the GSC outputs, thereby enhancing the post-filter's performance when combined with a knowledge distillation training strategy, all without introducing additional computational load during inference. Experimental results on simulated and real-world datasets demonstrate the superior performance of the hybrid system, validating the effectiveness of our proposed methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 110844"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-wideband acoustic meta-silencer to achieve target overall noise reduction levels: Design and experimental validation","authors":"Jaeho Cho ,&nbsp;Jin Woo Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An acoustic meta-silencer was designed using a generative design technique for ultra-wideband noise reduction, and its noise attenuation performance was experimentally validated. The target frequency range of the silencer and the target noise attenuation at each frequency were determined by considering the frequency-dependent noise characteristics of the existing exhaust system and its target overall noise reduction level. Generally, an acoustic meta-structure consists of unit cells that can block sound waves in frequency ranges corresponding to the band gaps in their dispersion curve plot. A new internal partition layout of the unit cells was proposed and optimized to make their band gaps as wide as possible. Various unit cells were generated, and their dispersion curve plots were obtained through acoustic analysis. Among the generated unit cells, several were systematically selected and sequentially arrayed so that their connected band gaps should cover the target frequency range of 100 to 6000 Hz. We proposed a design exploration algorithm to facilitate optimal design selection. An acoustic meta-silencer composed of five types of unit cells was successfully designed and fabricated, and its measured insertion loss curve demonstrates high and ultra-wideband noise attenuation performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 110852"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Few-shot source range estimation based on acoustic arrival structures in deep sea","authors":"Qianqian Li ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Zhenglin Li ,&nbsp;Jixing Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Theoretical analysis indicates that variations in source range cause significant differences in acoustic arrival structures in the depth-time domain. Therefore, this paper proposes for the first time to use the arrival structure of the acoustic field as input features and to employ a two-dimensional convolutional neural network (2D-CNN) for underwater acoustic source localization from an image recognition perspective. To address the source range estimation with limited observed data, a transfer learning model is constructed. Based on pre-training with simulated data generated by the acoustic propagation model, the model is further trained on small-sample observed acoustic data from the detection area. Through sensitivity analysis, the impact of mismatched environmental parameters on source localization is investigated. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits superior performance and stronger robustness compared to traditional matched-field processing. Experimental results from the South China Sea show that the localization performance is much better compared to the conventional matched field processing (MFP) and the 2D-CNN method. For range predictions, the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is less than 5 % for the source up to 30 km.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 110849"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation into the sound insulation performance of layered membrane-type acoustic metamaterials enhanced by damping","authors":"Yao Xie ,&nbsp;Jiao Wang ,&nbsp;Xiangyu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional membrane-type acoustic metamaterials have a narrow sound insulation bandwidth (typically a few hundred Hz) and a low sound transmission loss (STL) dip (mostly below 5 dB) at low frequencies. Researchers have attempted to widen the bandwidth by altering the mass block structure and designing layered membrane-type acoustic metamaterials (LMAM). However, the first STL dip has not been improved. A LMAM consisting of double-layer membranes lined with Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) gel has been proposed in this study. The low stiffness and high damping of PVC gel enhance sound energy absorption, improving the STL dip and broadening the effective sound insulation range at the same time. Impedance tube experiments have been conducted to study the effect of the PVC gel thickness and presence/absence of the air interlayer. Then the experimental results have been reproduced by numerical simulation to explore the sound insulation mechanism in detail at STL dip and peak frequency. The deformation of LMAM is connected to the sound insulation coefficients to explain the variation of the STL curve. The proposed LMAM, with a thickness of less than 20 mm, enhances the STL dip by approximately 17 dB and meanwhile maintains excellent performance at the STL peak. It avoids the rapid reduction in the middle-high frequency and breaks the mass law over an ultra-wide frequency range (420–2520 Hz). The wide availability of high damping materials endows this design strategy with robust vitality, which can show great potential for noise control engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 110860"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An experimental investigation into the aerofoil trailing-edge broadband noise reduction using ogee serrations","authors":"Wenhao Zhou ,&nbsp;Fusheng Qiu ,&nbsp;Yulong Sun ,&nbsp;Tongyang Shi ,&nbsp;Qingqing Ye ,&nbsp;Benshuai Lyu","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110851","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110851","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trailing edge (TE) serrations have been widely used as an effective technique to reduce the turbulent boundary-layer TE noise. In this paper, an experimental campaign is carried out to study the effects of ogee serrations on TE noise reduction. Serrations are installed on a NACA 0012 aerofoil and tested in an aeroacoustic wind tunnel. Ogee serrations of various geometries are retrofitted to the aerofoil and tested at various flow speeds and angles of attack (AoAs). The geometry of ogee serrations is parametrized by varying serration wavelength (<em>λ</em>), amplitude (2<em>h</em>), and sharpness factor (<em>b</em>). Traditional sawtooth serrations, considered a special case of ogee serration when its sharpness factor approaches zero, are also included. A sensitivity analysis of the TE noise reduction is conducted by varying each geometric parameter of the serrations. Results show that ogee serrations achieve effective noise reduction of 1-3 dB under various flow speeds. With the increase of AoA, the noise reduction gradually diminishes until noise increase occurs at AoA <span><math><mo>≥</mo><msup><mrow><mn>15</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>∘</mo></mrow></msup></math></span>. In particular, it is shown that ogee serrations outperform sawtooth serrations when the serration is sufficiently sharp (large 2<em>h</em>, small <em>λ</em>, and large <em>b</em>) at intermediate and high frequencies, in accordance with analytical predictions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 110851"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habor protection with underwater acoustic barrier: Method and system","authors":"Bo Lei ,&nbsp;Zhaoyang He ,&nbsp;Qingguo Fan ,&nbsp;Yixin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Active acoustic detection of unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) remains challenging because of weak target echoes in backward scenarios. In this paper, a real-time forward detection method using limited target data was proposed. Trained dimensionality reduction technique was employed to suppress dominant direct blast interference. A novel sonar system was developed based on detecting target-induced variations in the transmitted acoustic field. High-frequency underwater acoustic barriers were established by deploying multiple source and receiver buoys with proposed method embedded. Remote sensing was realized through satellite communication and post-processing. A sea trial was conducted to evaluate the system performance. The timing of each crossing event was clearly observed, and target range was further estimated through data fusion. The system performance was found to be influenced by the channel and the source-target-receiver geometry. The effects of ambient noise and direct blast interference were comparatively analyzed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 110856"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Airport noise forecasting to 2050: Integrating the Blended Wing Body concept","authors":"Karina Einicke ,&nbsp;Ingrid LeGriffon ,&nbsp;John Kennedy","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a comprehensive noise mapping study for a Western European Airport in the year 2050, with a focus on incorporating the novel Blended Wing Body (BWB) aircraft. The BWB's noise data, simulated with CARMEN, and NPD data are generated to integrate the future aircraft concept into the conventional noise mapping software SoundPLAN. Subsequently, the BWB is integrated into the 2050 baseline scenario forecast, replacing wide body generation 2 aircraft, encompassing air traffic uptake, technology evolution, and fleet shifts. The results show <figure><img></figure> smaller <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo></math></span> <figure><img></figure>(A) and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>t</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo></math></span> <figure><img></figure>(A) contour lines when the BWB generation 3 aircraft makes up <figure><img></figure> of the operations at Dublin Airport. From 2023 to 2050 air traffic is expected to increase around <figure><img></figure>. This forecast shows an increase of around <figure><img></figure> in <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and <figure><img></figure> in <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>t</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> contour areas in the same time frame. Area and population exposure estimates are presented for 2050 and compared to 2023.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 110815"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}