Applied Acoustics最新文献

{"title":"In-situ measurements of traffic noise on several roads in Algeria","authors":"Abdelouahab Bouttout,&nbsp;Nassir Rouibah","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an experimental methodology to investigate the correlation between tire rolling noise and pavement surface characteristics, specifically roughness and texture. Measurements were conducted using the two primary methods employed to assess the influence of road surfaces on traffic noise: the Pass-By Method and a Close Proximity-like (CPX-like) method. The latter utilizes a tire different from the ISO reference tire and a microphone placed in a potentially semi-reverberant cavity. Initially, noise level predictions from the Federal Highway and RLS 90 models were compared with Pass-By Method measurements near urban areas, rather than with L_A,eq values, as is commonly done. The validation process demonstrated that the Federal Highway model provides more accurate results in this environment. Subsequently, extensive traffic flow measurements were carried out on a broad road network in Algeria, supplying input data for the prediction model and enabling noise level forecasting. Findings indicate that, during both day and night periods, noise levels frequently exceed the thresholds set by national regulations, particularly on rough pavements. The CPX-like method, implemented with non-standard equipment, was then employed to measure tire-road noise during vehicle rolling, following system calibration using a Brüel &amp; Kjær (BK) 2270 sound level meter as a reference. The experimental procedure assessed noise signals generated by tires across various road sections, examining both smooth and rough pavement surfaces. The adherence and Longitudinal Friction Coefficient (LFC) varied across sections due to differing traffic loads, including light and heavy vehicles. Additionally, a test section paved with semi-granular bituminous concrete (SGBC 0/14) was analyzed, revealing that the particle size distribution of aggregates plays a role in noise reduction. Experimental results suggest that further adjustments to this formulation could lower instantaneous tire-road noise levels. Comprehensive roughness, texture, and friction measurements across multiple road sections confirmed that the CPX-like method’s sound level readings correlate with surface roughness, particularly the Mean Profile Diameter (MPD) and LFC. A decrease in MPD was associated with a 2 dB reduction in noise level, while an LFC of 0.25 led to an increase of 2.5 dB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110748"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the subjective severity of laptop fan abnormal sounds using psychoacoustic parameters","authors":"Yuyun Gao ,&nbsp;Yu Huang ,&nbsp;Xu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The demand for acoustic comfort in domestic appliances has seen a remarkable surge, with the laptop, a prevalent device in modern homes, often being a source of undesirable noise. Such noise, especially abnormal fan sounds, can adversely affect user comfort during operation. Manufacturers are thus keen to differentiate these abnormal sounds from the routine noise of laptop fans to ascertain potential issues. This study explored the relationship between the severity of abnormal laptop fan sounds and key psychoacoustic metrics through two subjective experiments. In Experiment 1, a group 24 participants evaluated 72 laptop fan noise stimuli, which were generated from records of laptop fans operating at 12 distinct speeds ranging from 2700 to 4900 rpm in 200 rpm increments. In Experiment 2, another group of 24 participants estimated 64 stimuli characterized by pronounced abnormal sounds across various fan speeds, with these sounds adjusted to have equal loudness at each rpm. The contribution of psychoacoustic metrics, i.e., loudness, sharpness, roughness, fluctuation strength, and tonality (hearing model), on the perceived severity of the abnormal sounds, was analyzed by partial correlation analysis. Psychoacoustic analysis revealed loudness dominance in abnormal noise perception, with the derived multivariate linear regression model demonstrating determination coefficient (R² = 0.914). Cross-experimental validation established complementary mediation through roughness and sharpness modulations, suggesting their systematic incorporation with loudness as triaxial diagnostic parameters for enhanced anomaly detection in engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110753"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sound absorption in uniform and layered gyroid and diamond triply periodic minimal surface porous absorbers","authors":"Janith Godakawela ,&nbsp;Amulya Lomte ,&nbsp;Bhisham Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the acoustical properties of additively manufactured porous absorbers with gyroid and diamond triply periodic minimal surface pore geometries. Porous samples with different relative densities are fabricated using vat photopolymerization and tested using acoustic impedance and airflow resistivity measurement setups. Optical microscopy shows that the increased wall thicknesses due to polymer expansion causes the actual relative densities of the fabricated samples to exceed the intended designs. The two-microphone tests demonstrate that higher relative densities enhance sound absorption effectiveness, with the diamond geometry outperforming the gyroid at equivalent relative densities. The airflow resistivity tests indicate that the superior performance of the diamond samples stems from their increased airflow resistance, attributable to the absence of through-holes in their structure. We use the inverse characterization approach to model the absorbers using the Johnson-Champoux-Allard rigid formulation, uncovering additional variations in bulk transport properties that are linked to the differing geometries. The validated numerical models are then used to predict the sound absorption performance of sound package designs with various series and parallel relative density gradients using a transfer matrix method. Our results show that such layered configurations of additively manufactured TPMS-based absorbers can enable the design of sound packages with application-specific absorption performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110761"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cumulative residual fuzzy dispersion entropy and its multiscale version: methodology, validation and application of feature extraction for ship target signals","authors":"Zhaoxi Li ,&nbsp;Yaan Li ,&nbsp;Kai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When quantifying the complexity of ship target signal features, the existing entropy methods often encounter problems like low accuracy, insufficient robustness, and lack of reliability. In addressing the aforementioned challenges, this research puts forward a novel entropy index, namely the cumulative residual fuzzy dispersion entropy (CRFuzDisEn), along with its multiscale extension, the time-shift multiscale CRFuzDisEn (TMCRFuzDisEn). The aim is to overcome the limitations encountered by traditional entropy methods when analyzing non-stationary ship target signals with noise interference. By integrating cumulative residual probability, fuzzy membership functions, and multiscale analysis, CRFuzDisEn can effectively quantify the signal complexity while maintaining remarkable noise resistance. Verified by synthetic signals and measured ship target datasets, compared with dispersion entropy and fuzzy dispersion entropy, the classification accuracy of CRFuzDisEn is increased by 13.43%. And compared with other multiscale patterns, the classification accuracy of TMCRFuzDisEn is improved by 46.18%. Evidently, the method proposed in this research demonstrates outstanding performance in the area of ship target recognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional gradient acoustic enhancement and collection based on the dual edge states","authors":"Yulin Li,&nbsp;Jian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the development of topological phononic crystals (PCs), the unique physical properties such as topological protection and robustness provide many advantages for acoustic collection devices, including higher reliability, wider bandwidth, higher efficiency, and the potential for multi-directional collection. In this paper, we propose a valley topological PC based on plate trimer (PT-PC). The additional “inner cavity” introduced by PT structure also satisfies C_3V symmetry, which leads to the formation of two topologically protected edge bands with opposite group velocities on the single topological interface. Furthermore, based on PT-PC and rainbow trapping principle, a bidirectional gradient acoustic enhancement and collection structure (B-GAC) is designed, which has the characteristics of acoustic enhancement, wide bandwidth and two collection directions. The simulation and experiment prove that the structure can enhance and collect sound waves from two directions, with the bandwidth almost covering the entire bandgap. This research contributes to the development and engineering applications of wide-bandwidth, multi-directional acoustic energy harvesting, acoustic enhancement sensing and other topological acoustic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110716"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using time reversal with long duration broadband noise signals to achieve high amplitude and a desired spectrum at a target location","authors":"Rylee S. Russell ,&nbsp;Brian E. Anderson ,&nbsp;Michael H. Denison","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Time Reversal (TR) is a signal processing technique that can be used to focus acoustic waves to a specific location in space, with most applications aiming to create an impulsive focus. This study instead aims to focus long-duration noise signals using TR. This paper seeks to generate higher amplitude noise at a desired location over an existing method of broadcasting equalized noise. Additionally, this paper explores various characteristics associated with focusing long duration noise using TR. The dependence of the focal amplitude on the duration of the focused signal is explored as well as the implications of using multiple sources when focusing noise. The focal amplitude decreases with longer duration and then levels off when the duration exceeds a few seconds. Coherent addition of focused noise is observed if all loudspeakers have coherent noise signals convolved with their reversed impulse responses. Lastly, focusing noise with a desired spectrum is explored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110744"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VMD-based theoretical calculation of the acoustic attenuation coefficient and pipeline leak localization","authors":"Zhou Hong ,&nbsp;Dan Zhao ,&nbsp;Liqiang Dong ,&nbsp;Yuhang Yang ,&nbsp;Yunlong Guo ,&nbsp;Shaogang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the current research on pipeline leak localization based on acoustic attenuation characteristics, the calculation of the acoustic attenuation coefficient typically requires the collection of experimental leakage signals, which incurs additional economic and time costs. To address this issue, this paper proposes a theoretical method for calculating the acoustic attenuation coefficient based on Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD): First, a damped pipeline vibration equation is established based on the Timoshenko beam theory, and the frequency response function at different pipeline positions is calculated theoretically. The leakage signal is then decomposed into multiple scales using VMD. The main modal components of the leakage signal are extracted based on their peak frequencies and multiplied by the frequency response function to calculate the vibration response energy at various pipeline positions. Finally, a linear fitting is applied to obtain the theoretical solution for the acoustic attenuation coefficient. A pipeline leak localization experimental platform is constructed, and the theoretical solution for the acoustic attenuation coefficient is substituted into the localization formula for testing. The traditional method exhibits a mean localization error of 1.77%, increasing to a maximum of 2.69% under varying leakage conditions. In contrast, the proposed method achieves a mean error of 1.51%, with a maximum increase to 1.56%. These results demonstrate the superior accuracy and robustness of the theoretical calculation of the acoustic attenuation coefficient and the leakage localization method presented in this study. This study is significant for broadening the application of acoustic attenuation characteristics in leak localization scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110743"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative study on energy distribution and mode conversion of ultrasonic guided waves interacting with stepped and tapered transition regions","authors":"Yuan Tian ,&nbsp;Ximing Yu ,&nbsp;Yudong Guo ,&nbsp;Lin Zhao ,&nbsp;Menglong Liu ,&nbsp;Haotian Guo ,&nbsp;Jifeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Limin Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs) are extensively used in structural health monitoring and nondestructive testing, particularly for complex structures such as lap joints, icing plates, and composite interfaces. This study comprehensively investigates the mode conversion, reflection, and transmission of UGWs both at the stepped and tapered transition region, where geometric discontinuity causes energy redistribution among various modes of reflected and transmitted UGWs. The Frequency Domain Finite Element method is employed to quantitatively analyse the mode energy distribution across a frequency range of 0 ∼ 3 MHz, with Mode S0 as the incident UGW. The results demonstrate that the energy distribution of transmitted UGW modes follows the phase velocity matching principle, whereas the reflected UGW energy exhibits no discernible pattern. Both the linearly and curvedly tapered transition regions improve the energy transmission efficiency by mitigating mode mismatches. Furthermore, increasing the length-to-thickness ratio of linearly tapered transition enhances the energy transmission, reaching over 99% at all frequencies when the ratio exceeds 5. The validation is conducted with the Time Domain Finite Element method and experiment. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the selection of UGWs, improving the accuracy and effectiveness of monitoring at stepped and tapered structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110735"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acoustic experimental investigation of the acoustic resonant influence on Rossiter modal tones at the locked-on state","authors":"Yuan Liu ,&nbsp;Peiqing Liu ,&nbsp;Hao Guo ,&nbsp;Tianxiang Hu ,&nbsp;Jin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the complex interactions of the inherent instability of the separated shear layer and an acoustic mode of the cavity noise at the locked-on state are studied within a low-speed wind tunnel. Experimental results for near- and far-field acoustics in rectangular cavities with varying widths and depths are provided for flow velocities ranging from 10 to 35 m/s. The geometry of the rectangular cavity is specially designed with an excited tone related to the first depth mode of acoustic resonance. Differences between the locked-on and non-locked-on states are highlighted. At the non-locked-on state, the tonal frequency is well predicted by the Rossiter formula; whereas, at the locked-on state, it is found to deviate from the Rossiter formula and the dominant mode selection behavior of Rossiter tones is inconsistent with those reported at the non-locked-on state. However, the mode switching behavior can be observed with similar results by the wavelet analysis method for both states, showing a week influence of the acoustic resonance on the intermittency behavior of the sustained oscillation due to the inherent instability of the separated shear layer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110671"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-dimensional exact electromechanical impedance matrix of piezoceramic disks with arbitrary aspect ratio","authors":"Wenxiang Ding ,&nbsp;Zhigang Song ,&nbsp;Hongmei Zhong ,&nbsp;Dan Chen ,&nbsp;Zhaofeng Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the fundamental electroacoustic characteristics of piezoceramic disks with arbitrary aspect ratios are deduced in terms of its electromechanical impedance matrix. Modifying the expressions of the primary variables (i.e., displacement and electric potential) from univariate functions to bivariate functions, one-dimensional (1D) approximate impedance matrix, two-dimensional (2D) approximate impedance matrix and 2D exact impedance matrix are successively and systematically developed and the mode coupling phenomenon between the radial and thickness modes is elaborated. By means of the trigonometric functions and Bessel functions, the governing equations and boundary conditions are satisfied exactly. Compared with results of the finite element method, the electrical impedances, frequency spectrum, and mode shapes give an excellent agreement. With the aid of 2D exact impedance matrix, the effect of loads on the electromechanical behavior of piezoceramic disks can be easily evaluated. Finally, the theoretical and experimental electrical impedances of piezoceramic disks with different aspect ratios are compared and discussed. The 2D exact impedance matrix developed here provides an efficient and accurate tool for parametric and optimization analysis of coupled vibrations of piezoelectric structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 110739"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}