Applied Acoustics最新文献

{"title":"Frequency independent quantification of the localization uncertainty in beamforming arrays","authors":"Curtis Garner","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Source localization is an important part of many acoustic signal processing tasks. The most commonly used localization methods depend on the time difference of arrival (TDOA) of a signal at the sensors in an array. The arrangement of the array sensors has a profound effect on the ability of the array to localize where a signal originates from in space. There have been many studies dealing with analysis and optimization of array geometry, but existing algorithms consider the geometric effects in tandem with an assumed localization algorithm. This paper introduces a method to analyze the effect of array geometry on the array's ability to perform source localization tasks, independent of both the localization algorithm and the frequency content of the source. The core element of this method is the calculation of the geometry-induced localization uncertainty, which is a metric describing the amount and direction of uncertainty inherent in any source localization task due to the positions of the microphones and the source only. Because this method is independent from task-specific parameters such as source characteristics, sampling frequency, or localization algorithm selection, it is particularly useful in selecting or designing an array when one or more of these parameters is not known. The proposed method also enables easy visualization of the localization ability of an array as a function of space.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 110462"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and performance of a high-fidelity grazing flow tube facility for the investigation of acoustic liners","authors":"Wei Yi ,&nbsp;Jingwen Guo ,&nbsp;Renhao Qu ,&nbsp;Yi Fang ,&nbsp;Siyang Zhong ,&nbsp;Peng Zhou ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a newly commissioned grazing flow tube facility at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology to study the characteristics of acoustic treatments subjected to grazing flow conditions and high-intensity incident sound waves. The cross-section of the test section of the facility has a dimension of <span><math><mn>50</mn><mspace></mspace><mrow><mi>mm</mi></mrow><mo>×</mo><mn>50</mn><mspace></mspace><mrow><mi>mm</mi></mrow></math></span>. The design flow speed of the test section can be up to the Mach number of 0.3, and the incoming sound pressure level is up to <span><math><mn>145</mn><mspace></mspace><mrow><mi>dB</mi></mrow></math></span> within the frequency range of 300 to <span><math><mn>3000</mn><mspace></mspace><mrow><mi>Hz</mi></mrow></math></span>. The layout of the facility and the design principles of the main components are described. A well-designed settling chamber and a long enough flow development section are adopted to ensure a high-quality flow field. The aerodynamic and acoustic performance characteristics of the facility are assessed by detailed aerodynamic and acoustic measurements. The results demonstrate the facility provides fully developed grazing flow, low background noise and stable incident sound pressure level conditions in the test section. As an application, the performance of a liner constructed by Helmholtz resonators with extended necks is measured, and the educed impedance of the liner is validated. The effects of the grazing flow profile and incident sound pressure level on the acoustic behavior of the liner are investigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 110501"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Realization of active noise control using a flexible graphene-film acoustic actuator","authors":"Haoyuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Wen ,&nbsp;Yingzheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Present study developed a novel graphene-film acoustic actuator (GFAA) by its flexible, non-mechanical vibration structure, which offers a flat amplitude-frequency response and high output sensitivity. We improved the manufacturing processes by using photographic paper substrate, surface-microfabricated interdigitated electrodes and micro-electronic inkjet printing, letting our flexible GFAA achieve almost an 1.8 times output increment. Subsequently, the acoustic performance, frequency response, and compatibility of the GFAA with an active noise control (ANC) system were evaluated. In this system, the GFAA functions as a secondary sound source to control the primary noise source through a forward-feedback algorithm implementing in the filed-programmable gate array. At first stage, discrete tonal signals, multiple tonal signals and broadband noises were effectively reduced by the GFAA-ANC system, and a maximum of 14 dB was achieved. At second stage, to demonstrate the unique flexibility of the GFAA, it was attached to the curved surface of a NACA0012 airfoil, where it directly controlled the random pressure fluctuations generated by quasi-turbulence, achieving a noise reduction of approximately 8 dB and surpassing traditional control methods. Finally, error analysis was conducted to confirm the application range of GFAA, whereas the hardware computation speed rather than GFAA mainly limited the control efficiency of noise signals above 2000 Hz.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 110513"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ microphone channel frequency response calibration using eigenvalue decomposition","authors":"Zhao Zhao ,&nbsp;Zi-yi Wang ,&nbsp;Zhi-yong Xu ,&nbsp;Yingjiao Rong","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acoustic sensor networks consisting of spatially distributed microphone array nodes offer great potential in various areas such as acoustic surveillance, digital agriculture, and smart cities. As for each node, available microphone array signal processing algorithms generally assume that the amplitude and phase frequency responses across channels are identical, which however does not necessarily hold in practice. State-of-the-art microphone channel frequency response calibration (MCFRC) methods translate the calibration task into the optimization of calibration filter coefficients and have shown notable performance. Unfortunately, these approaches either require microphone disassembly and reassembly operations, or pose constraints on array configuration and/or inter-microphone distance for an array node, which limits the wide application of those techniques to a great extent. To address this issue, an in-situ MCFRC method for array node with arbitrary configuration and inter-microphone distance is presented in this article. First, a single far-field sound source with known direction of arrival is employed to broadcast band-limited white noise as the calibration signal. Then, the auto-covariance matrix of channel outputs is analyzed using eigenvalue decomposition. We prove that there is an explicit relationship between the eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue and the steering vector distorted by amplitude and phase mismatches. Finally, the calibration filter can be directly designed. Detailed mathematical derivation is provided. Simulation results reveal that our approach presents a more general, convenient solution as well as better calibration performance as compared with existing MCFRC algorithms. Real-world experiments also verify its effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 110475"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amplitude-Phase control algorithm based on fuzzy PI against vibration fluctuation of ultrasonic surgical instruments","authors":"Linwei Wang ,&nbsp;Ming Yan ,&nbsp;Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Dan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the issue of resonance frequency shifts, output amplitude reduction, and vibration instability in piezoelectric transducers (PT) during the cutting process of ultrasonic surgical instruments due to temperature changes and load fluctuations, resulting in decreased cutting quality and efficiency, severely impacting surgical outcomes, this paper proposes an amplitude-phase control algorithm based on fuzzy PI against vibration fluctuations of ultrasonic surgical instruments. This algorithm adopts a dual-loop control design: the frequency control loop locks the impedance phase of the transducer to zero through the phase control method, achieving rapid resonance frequency tracking; the amplitude control loop maintains a constant input current through the amplitude control method, ensuring stable amplitude output. In complex surgical environments, this dual-loop control design is more reliable and practical compared to a single control method. To enhance the control algorithm’s adaptability and robustness to load and temperature changes, a fuzzy PI controller is used instead of a traditional PI controller. Simulation results show that when the load is large, merely using a resonance frequency tracking algorithm cannot ensure stable vibration amplitude of the piezoelectric transducer. Compared with the classic PI control, the algorithm based on fuzzy PI control can quickly and stably track the resonance frequency and maintain constant amplitude under different loads, exhibiting stronger robustness and adaptability. Experiments validate the effectiveness of this algorithm in practical applications, demonstrating that within a reasonable working pressure range (not exceeding 5 N), the control algorithm is robust, maintaining good cutting ability and vibration stability of the ultrasonic surgical instrument. The method proposed in this paper is of significant importance for ensuring the vibration stability of ultrasonic surgical instruments, improving surgical outcomes, and enhancing surgical safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 110489"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-thin metasurface meta-barrier for integrated ventilation and sound insulation","authors":"Shan Wang ,&nbsp;Hongxing Li ,&nbsp;Yuze Liu ,&nbsp;Guangming Cao ,&nbsp;Zhibo Yang ,&nbsp;Fuyin Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional ventilation meta-barrier is deficient in isolating low-frequency noise. To solve the problems of insufficient low-frequency sound insulation performance, narrow frequency band, large structural thickness, and contradiction between ventilation performance and sound insulation performance of traditional ventilation meta-barrier, this paper proposes an ultra-thin space-shift metasurface meta-barrier that achieves excellent broadband sound insulation performance while maintaining a thickness as low as approximately 20 mm and ensuring high ventilation efficiency. The non-ventilated regions of the meta-barrier are equipped with folded labyrinthine resonant sound-absorbing units of gradient lengths, which generate broadband continuous absorption peaks. By using absorption instead of insulation, the meta-barrier achieves broadband sound attenuation. The sound-absorbing unit has a certain absorption radius, it covers the ventilated areas. It absorbs the surrounding sound energy, and dissipates it by overcoming the resistance friction. Therefore, it can overcome the problem of sound leakage caused by strong sound wave diffraction and effectively isolate the sound while maintaining ventilation. The ventilation area ratio reaches 25%, with an average sound insulation of 14 dB within a wide frequency range of 900-2000 Hz. The proposed meta-barrier structure has a thinner thickness, larger ventilation area, and wider working band, which demonstrates its wide engineering application value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 110486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State identifying method for rolling tire in lab test using acoustic signal","authors":"Hai-chao Zhou,&nbsp;Zhi-wei Gao,&nbsp;Hao-ran Li,&nbsp;Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tire bulges result from internal component damage in a lab endurance test. Considering the time delay and uncertainty of the traditional identification method for monitoring tire bulges, this paper proposes a state identifying method for the bulge question in tire endurance tests based on acoustic signals of rolling tires, which has the characteristics of non-contacting and early diagnosis. Firstly, the hardware selection was built, and the improved Spectral Subtraction (SS) method was proposed to effectively extract the pure acoustic signal of rolling tires from the background noise in the lab tire endurance tests. Secondly, it analyzes the limitations of Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) and proposes the utilization of Short-Time Energy (STE) and improved Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (SMFCC) to represent acoustic signal features. Thirdly, based on the signal feature, the acoustic signal is divided into frames, and then the healthy date set and bulge date set are built to state identifying, and the Support Vector Machine (SVM) model employing STE and SMFCC is developed to identify rolling tire bulge, and the state identifying accuracy rate of the proposed method increases with the increasing of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR); Finally, the application of identifying method is expanded to identify the tire fault in high-speed test condition, and the diagnosis accuracy rate reaches up to 98.6%. The results show that the method proposed using acoustic signals has a bright prospect for use in tire industrial applications for fault diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 110487"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the characteristics of internal and external sound fields in centrifugal pumps under cavitation induced monopole and dipole sound sources","authors":"Shuo Yang,&nbsp;Yang Liu,&nbsp;Chunlei Shao,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The centrifugal pump is an important hydraulic machine, and cavitation has become a significant bottleneck restricting its development. Among the issues related to cavitation, the problem of noise induced by cavitation is currently a hot research topic. In order to study the influence of different acoustic sources on the acoustic characteristics of a centrifugal pump during the cavitation process, this paper focuses on the IS 80-50-250 centrifugal pump. The fluid-acoustic coupling method combined with numerical simulations and experiments was employed to investigate the pressure pulsation frequency domain characteristics at the inlet and outlet monitoring points under different cavitation conditions and the noise characteristics in the internal and external acoustic fields. A comparison was made between the simulated results and experimental results of the sound pressure level distribution at the inlet point under critical cavitation conditions, which validates the reliability of the numerical method. The study reveals that, when there is no cavitation, the blade passing frequency and its harmonics become characteristic frequencies of pressure pulsations in the centrifugal pump. The flow-induced noise from dipole sound sources dominates. Under the critical cavitation and severe cavitation, the 1/3 blade passing frequency becomes the main frequency for outlet pressure pulsations, with the pressure pulsation amplitude reaching a maximum. When the frequency of outlet pressure pulsations exceeds 3 times the blade passing frequency, the broadband noise induced by cavitation under a monopole source becomes dominant. This study has certain reference significance for judging the degree of cavitation in centrifugal pumps through cavitation induced noise, and can detect and solve potential problems during pump operation in advance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 110499"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ultrasonic detection method based on the HT integrated with improved VMD for CFRP laminates with delamination defects","authors":"Xu Zhang ,&nbsp;Congxiao Xu ,&nbsp;Yan Fang ,&nbsp;Wei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Hilbert Transform (HT) time–frequency analysis is an effective way to extract the defect information of ultrasonic echo signals, while the accuracy is insufficient when analyzing broadband signals. The Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) can decompose broadband signals into multiple narrowband signals, but has difficulties in the selection of modal decomposition number and penalty factor. Hence, the HT integrated with an improved VMD is developed to enhance the accuracy of ultrasonic detection in defective Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) laminates. The Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) is improved using the Tent chaotic mapping, differential evolution algorithm, and Lévy flight strategy to update the initial position of the whale population, the non-optimal position of whales, and the local optimal position of whales, respectively. The modal decomposition number and penalty factor are optimized by the improved WOA to minimize the envelope entropy of each Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF). The VMD with optimized parameters decomposes the ultrasonic echo experiment signals of CFRP laminates without and with delamination, then the optimal IMFs are selected based on correlation coefficients, and subsequently the HT is performed to extract the relevant envelope information. The results show that the improved VMD significantly filters out noise components, the envelope signals obtained by the HT integrated with an improved VMD are smoother and have no peak oscillations, and the ultrasonic propagation characteristics clearly explain the existence of cluster echoes with lower amplitudes, the increase of defect echo amplitudes, and the decrease of bottom echo amplitudes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 110477"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Italian standard on classroom acoustics UNI 11532-2:2020 explained through case studies","authors":"Dario D'Orazio,&nbsp;Giulia Fratoni,&nbsp;Virginia Tardini","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Italian Standard UNI 11532-2:2020 states acoustics requirements for classrooms and ancillary spaces, such as libraries, gyms, and canteens. Five years after its release, this paper aims to present the standard through case studies, from design procedures to in-field measurements. The UNI 11532-2 considers active classrooms, asking designers to account for the occupancy's acoustic absorption to achieve a reverberation time range across frequencies. Moreover, adequate speech intelligibility is needed in unoccupied conditions. The two requirements, intelligibility and reverberation, require appropriate choices regarding the placement of acoustic treatments. Among other solutions, mixing the materials in the ceiling becomes crucial to fulfilling these requirements. Starting from case studies – a secondary school classroom, a university lecture hall, and an innovative learning space - we present design solutions to reach the targets, providing more general considerations on common issues in classroom acoustics. The ratio <span><math><mi>N</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>A</mi></math></span> - where <em>N</em> is the occupancy and <em>A</em> is the equivalent absorption area in occupied conditions - has been proposed as a valuable criterion for guiding the design process. Results also show that achieving targets in the 250 Hz octave band can be challenging due to the intrinsic limitations of materials and the acoustic field in small- and mid-sized classrooms, yet maintaining the proper spatial distribution of teachers' speech levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 110498"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}