Applied AcousticsPub Date : 2025-03-30DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110705
Yibo Huang , Chong Li , Zhiyong Li , Qiuyu Zhang , Fanwang Yang
{"title":"Fractal matrix speech encryption algorithm based on fractional order robust chaos","authors":"Yibo Huang , Chong Li , Zhiyong Li , Qiuyu Zhang , Fanwang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The limitations of current speech encryption algorithms in planar dimensional transformation and encryption process, as well as the parameter discontinuity problem faced by fractional-order chaos, are optimized. In this paper, we propose a fractal matrix encryption algorithm for speech with high dimensionality based on fractional order robust chaos. The designed chaos equation utilizes the definition of differential fractional-order, the original integer-order robust chaos equation is transformed according to the definition of fractional-order differential and 3D fractional-FOHE exponential chaos is proposed. The fractional-order robust chaos effectively solves the problems of integer-order numerical aggregation and discontinuity of fractional-order chaos parameters. In the key proposed in the encryption algorithm, the nested and intermediate parameters are used to generate the key, which solves the problem of small key space at present. On this basis, an encryption scheme is proposed to change the one-dimensional speech matrix into cubic three-dimensional fractal matrix by using matrix transformation of space and to realize diffusion and obfuscation for the data in each three-dimensional fractal matrix. The proposed cubic 3D fractal matrix is irregular and self-similar. The core formulation in the encryption scheme utilizes the retrieval matrix of the chaotic sequence for the coordinate substitution operation of the cubic 3D fractal matrix and uses the algorithm to diffuse the values nested on the coordinates, breaking the current limitation of encryption only in low dimensions. Comparing the high-dimensional encryption algorithm proposed in this paper with other encryption literature, it is found that the designed algorithm has a larger key space, lower data correlation, and can resist a series of classical attacks. It provides a more practical encryption scheme for speech encryption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110705"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Applied AcousticsPub Date : 2025-03-30DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110685
Ting Wang , Huachang Cui , Wenkai Dong , Yuheng Wang , Kun Xie , Meixia Chen
{"title":"Vibroacoustic characteristics of a metamaterial plate cavity coupling system","authors":"Ting Wang , Huachang Cui , Wenkai Dong , Yuheng Wang , Kun Xie , Meixia Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metamaterials have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable ability to control low-frequency vibration and noise, particularly in applications involving underwater vehicles. This article specifically examines the vibration and acoustic properties of a metamaterial plate cavity coupling system (MPCCS). The mathematical model for the MPCCS is established using principles of energy functional and polynomial expansion. The study explores the bandgap characteristics, coupling modes, and mechanisms of vibration and sound reduction within the system. The key findings reveal that the MPCCS can generate two distinct low-frequency bandgaps, with the starting frequency remaining consistent across various cavity mediums, while the bandwidth varies. Within these band gaps, both vibration and cavity pressure experience significant reduction. To validate these findings, an underwater experiment on sound and vibration control using the metamaterial plate is conducted in an anechoic tank. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of the metamaterial plate in controlling vibration and acoustics compared to a bare plate, highlighting the dual bandgap characteristics of the lateral local resonance metamaterial plate. Furthermore, the experimental outcomes strongly confirm the metamaterial plate’s capability to achieve vibroacoustic control within specific frequency ranges, namely the bandgaps. These findings provide valuable insights and practical guidance for engineering applications, particularly in the design and optimization of metamaterial-based systems for controlling vibration and noise, especially in underwater environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110685"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Applied AcousticsPub Date : 2025-03-30DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110688
Hong Yang, Chao Wang, Guohui Li
{"title":"Research on feature extraction of underwater acoustic signal based on hybrid entropy algorithms","authors":"Hong Yang, Chao Wang, Guohui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The research on feature extraction of underwater acoustic signal (UAS) is of great significance in developing and protecting marine resources. Therefore, to effectively improve the feature extraction technology, a novel hybrid entropy feature extraction method based on enhanced singular spectrum decomposition (ZSSD), generalized phase-amplitude-aware permutation entropy and fractional singular value entropy (GAAPE&FSVE) is proposed. To better capture the dynamic fluctuation components in the UAS, an enhanced SSD algorithm based on the modified Cao algorithm and ensemble fluctuation-based dispersion entropy is proposed. To make AAPE better adapted to feature extraction of UAS, phase processing and entropy parameters transformation are introduced, and GAAPE is proposed. To solve the problem that the entropy value of SVE is unstable when the quantized signal changes dynamically, a new fractional-order processing is introduced, and FSVE is proposed. Firstly, UAS is decomposed into a series of singular spectrum components (SSCs) by ZSSD. Secondly, the useful information contained in SSC is calculated from the time and frequency domains, respectively. The best two SSCs are reconstructed as feature vectors. Then, 150 samples are randomly selected from the feature vectors, and the GAAPE and FSVE of each sample are calculated, respectively. Finally, compared with at least 15 other methods, the experimental results show that the proposed method exhibits stronger synergy in UAS feature extraction and outperforms all compared methods with a 99% recognition rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110688"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143734647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Applied AcousticsPub Date : 2025-03-28DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110707
Noam Amir , Eitan Globerson , Yael Zaltz
{"title":"Unraveling the specificity of auditory learning through vibrato perception","authors":"Noam Amir , Eitan Globerson , Yael Zaltz","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the realm of auditory perception, the interplay between musical expertise and discrimination abilities remains a subject of ongoing investigation. This study delves into this complex relationship by investigating the impact of distinct musical backgrounds on the discrimination of vibrato attributes. Vibrato is a periodic variation in frequency and intensity, which is possible to produce in certain musical instruments (e.g. violin but not piano). The experiment engaged three distinct participant groups: musicians who are experienced in playing with vibrato (i.e., vibrato-musicians, n = 10), musicians who do not incorporate vibrato in their regular playing (i.e., non-vibrato musicians, n = 10), and non-musicians (n = 10). Discrimination thresholds were assessed using a three-interval, two-alternative, forced choice adaptive procedure. The tasks encompassed pure-tone frequency discrimination, employing 1000 Hz as the reference frequency, and vibrato-related discrimination tasks using 1000 Hz and 440 Hz as the carrier tones, modulated sinusoidally at 6 Hz. The findings reveal that while both musician groups surpass non-musicians in the frequency discrimination task, the advantage in vibrato-related discrimination was exclusively demonstrated by vibrato-musicians. This discrepancy underscores the selective influence of musical training on specific auditory attributes. By elucidating the nuanced interactions between musical training and auditory acuity, this research advances our understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying auditory expertise and lays the groundwork for tailored auditory training programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110707"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Applied AcousticsPub Date : 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110695
Ndubuisi Uchendu, Jennifer M. Muggleton, Paul R. White
{"title":"Cross-spectral phase method for time delay estimation in acoustic leak detection","authors":"Ndubuisi Uchendu, Jennifer M. Muggleton, Paul R. White","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces a method for estimating time delays in acoustic/vibration leak signals within water distribution systems, using linear segmentation of the cross-spectral phase. The method applies linear regression to undistorted regions of the phase, automatically identified by a simple algorithm, to calculate the time delay. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the method accurately estimates time delays without the need for pre-filtering, even in the presence of multiplicative noise that distorts the cross-spectral phase—offering a significant improvement over correlation-based techniques. Furthermore, the method provides a confidence interval that quantifies the uncertainty in the estimated leak location, thereby enhancing the reliability of leak localisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110695"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Applied AcousticsPub Date : 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110701
Wenxia Bao , Qunyan Ren , Wenbo Wang , Min Huang , Zhongzhe Xiao
{"title":"A dual-label-reversed ensemble transfer learning strategy for underwater target detection","authors":"Wenxia Bao , Qunyan Ren , Wenbo Wang , Min Huang , Zhongzhe Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposed DLR (Dual-Label-Reversed) Ensemble Learning Strategy, a universal underwater acoustic target detection strategy with a transfer learning architecture, which can ensemble two transferred target detection models to enhance the detection accuracy. An acoustic data feature extraction strategy is employed to extract comprehensive features ranging from time/frequency domain to dedicated auditory parameters. A target detection model transfer strategy is proposed to get original transferred model and DLR transferred model from source domain to target domain. Then, the final detection can be made by the DLR ensemble learning strategy, which ensemble the output of two transferred model. We evaluate the proposed strategies using real underwater acoustic signal data. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve a detection accuracy comparable with that trained with 2000 samples using only 200 labeled samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110701"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Applied AcousticsPub Date : 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110696
Ali Erdem Altınbaş , Mehmet Zeki Konyar
{"title":"Reverb hiding: A new framework for audio steganography","authors":"Ali Erdem Altınbaş , Mehmet Zeki Konyar","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the last decades, a lot of new approaches have been developed for audio steganography. However, most of these studies ignore musical hearing. In this paper, we proposed a new framework for hiding data in audio using the reverb effect, which is one of the time-dependent effects in music production. Reverb is an audio effect in music production that creates an artificial atmosphere that simulates what could be found in a natural setting such as a large hall, stadium, etc. The impulse response of the related environment is convolved with an audio file in a studio environment. This study proposes embedding secret data in audio signals with the reverb effect. The secret message is embedded into the impulse response of the natural environment and then the audio signal is reverbed with this impulse response. The original and reverberated audios are again blended for parallel processing, resulting in stego-audio. In the data extraction stage, firstly the fully reverberated audio is obtained from stego-audio which was blended with the original (dry) audio. Then, the reverberated audio file is deconvolved with the dry audio again, and the stego impulse response is obtained.</div><div>Existing studies of audio steganography such as echo hiding are common techniques used in music production but have a significant impact on hearing. The proposed reverb hiding is done with much more complex parameters, so the stego-audio is more compatible with real-life applications. The reverb-hiding achieves superior PSNR results for different sizes of the secret message. The proposed method evaluated in terms of oscillograms, frequency spectrum analysis, spectrograms, cepstrogram analysis, histogram analysis, and autocorrelation analysis. The experimental results are also compared with six different existing audio-tech methods. The proposed reverb-hiding method significantly impacts the trade-off between capacity and imperceptibility, as indicated by the results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110696"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Applied AcousticsPub Date : 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110693
Hyojin Lee, Daeup Jeong
{"title":"The effect of changes in the configuration of a slatted ceiling on reverberation and clarity in a room","authors":"Hyojin Lee, Daeup Jeong","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In architectural design, slat structures such as louvers or panels are extensively employed as finishing systems in both interior and exterior applications. Recently, their use in spaces where acoustics are important has significantly increased, broadening their functional scope. However, notable research gaps exist in evaluating the effects of slat structures on room acoustics, highlighting the need for fundamental data to support their multifunctional applications. This study investigated the effects of horizontally installed slat structures across the entire ceiling area of rooms using scale-model experiments. A 1/15 scale rectangular room was utilized, examining design variables such as the presence of slat structures, upper volume, installation height, slat width, distance, and angle. The effects on reverberation (<em>T</em><sub>30</sub> and EDT) and clarity (<em>C</em><sub>50</sub> and <em>C</em><sub>80</sub>) in the room below the slats were systematically measured and analyzed. Generally, installing slat structures shortens the room’s reverberation and increases clarity compared to conditions without slats. By increasing the upper volume, lowering the installation height of the slat structures, and using wider slat width and distance, significant differences in reverberation and clarity can be achieved. In addition, the slat angle should be oriented in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction rather than at 0° to enhance reverberation, clarity, and spatial distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110693"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Applied AcousticsPub Date : 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110690
Anxing Zhang , Linwei Wang , Jingyu Wang , Yu Liu , Jinguang Li , Yumeng Sun , Shiwei Wang
{"title":"Stability analysis of ultrasonic bone cutting under dynamic loads","authors":"Anxing Zhang , Linwei Wang , Jingyu Wang , Yu Liu , Jinguang Li , Yumeng Sun , Shiwei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ultrasonic bone scalpel (UBS) is widely used in surgical procedures due to its unique advantage of safety. A principal operational challenge is that the UBS lacks stability during the cutting process, often affecting the surgical quality. This paper proposes a novel cutting stability analysis method for the UBS and reveals its destabilization mechanism under dynamic load variations. We combine the control strategy of under the resonant frequency tracking (RFT) with the impedance characteristics of the UBS to construct a load stability model, which can solve the frequency response under dynamic load variations and predict the critical load for destabilization. In addition, the dynamic load carrying capacity of the UBS is tested experimentally to verify the validity of the proposed model. Compared to previous load carrying performance analysis methods for ultrasonic structures, the dynamic load stability analysis in this paper is closer to practical applications. This work complements the theory of ultrasonic cutting and is expected to promote the application of robotic bone cutting in surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110690"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Applied AcousticsPub Date : 2025-03-24DOI: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110698
Guohao Chen , Xiaoyang Zhang , Heow Pueh Lee , Zhiqiao Wang
{"title":"Low-frequency broadband sound absorption of the Helmholtz resonator–spiral metasurface","authors":"Guohao Chen , Xiaoyang Zhang , Heow Pueh Lee , Zhiqiao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes an acoustic metamaterial featuring a Helmholtz resonator–spiral metasurface (HRSM) to effectively achieve low-frequency broadband sound absorption. A theoretical model is developed to predict the HRSM’s sound absorption performance, and it is validated by numerical simulations and acoustic impedance tube experiments. Results indicated that the spiral metasurface of the HRSM extended the depth of the Helmholtz resonator cavity compared to the Helmholtz resonator, causing the first sound absorption peak of the HRSM to shift to a lower frequency. Additionally, the spiral channels of HRSM impeded wave propagation in the second layer, shifting the second sound absorption peak to a lower frequency, as compared to the double layer Helmholtz resonator. Optimal design was explored further in terms of diameters and lengths of the necks in the upper and lower layers of the HRSM, by taking advantage of the additive nature of absorption peaks generated by distinct units. With a structural thickness of 52 mm, the HRSM achieved closed to 90 % continuous absorption within the frequency range of 270–580 Hz, demonstrating excellent broadband absorption capabilities. This study offers an effective feasible methodology for designing sub-wavelength low-frequency broadband absorption structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110698"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}