{"title":"Belonging and refueling: Group dynamics in foraging flocks","authors":"Junhe Qiao, Shannon Dee Algar, Thomas Stemler","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2025.129748","url":null,"abstract":"We extend the Couzin collective motion model with energy–dependent foraging, where agents balance two competing motivations: remaining with the group versus breaking away to refuel. While both behaviors are individually driven, they reflect different priorities–social cohesion versus physiological need. Our results bridge foraging theory with collective motion, revealing how state-dependent behavioral switching produces phase transitions with implications for collective decision-making in natural systems and autonomous swarm design. Local repulsion–orientation–attraction interactions produce group behavior, whereas refueling requires an intentional defection from this emergent cohesion. Our model explores how agents switch between these internally motivated but functionally distinct behaviors and how this switching gives rise to collective phase transitions. Environmental constraints like ground repulsion radius restrict parameter regions supporting coherent motion while preserving energy balance, showing maintained foraging performance despite spatial limitations.","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145229519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive fuzzy neural network-based smooth-switching gain dynamic surface control for constrained manipulator with error-based nonlinear disturbance observer","authors":"Qing Yang , Haisheng Yu , Xiangxiang Meng , Wenqian Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies an adaptive fuzzy neural network-based smooth-switching gain dynamic surface control with an error-based nonlinear disturbance observer for the manipulator subject to the full-state constraints and input saturation. First, the smooth-switching gain strategy is proposed to replace the conventional static control gain. This novel strategy can dynamically update the control gains according to the tracking error and its derivative, thereby optimizing tracking performance across different response phases. Second, considering that the conventional nonlinear disturbance observer generates harmful observation peaks when there is a large tracking error, an error-based nonlinear disturbance observer is designed. This observer adaptively adjust the observer gain based on the tracking error, effectively mitigating harmful observation peaks. Furthermore, the adaptive fuzzy neural network strategy is introduced to approximate the modeling uncertainties. Finally, an auxiliary system and an asymmetric time-varying barrier Lyapunov function are established to handle the input saturation and the asymmetric time-varying full-state constraints, respectively. The comparative experiment of a two-degree-of-freedom manipulator validate that the proposed strategy can effectively constrain the state and input of the system within predefined limits. The experimental results further validate that the proposed strategy can effectively optimise the tracking performance and increase the disturbance rejection performance of the system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"512 ","pages":"Article 129743"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hemivariational inequalities and controllability results for second-order non-autonomous evolution system with impulsive effects","authors":"Doha A. Kattan , Hasanen A. Hammad","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the crucial concept of approximate controllability for a class of complex dynamical systems: second-order neutral non-autonomous evolution systems in Hilbert spaces. These systems, characterized by inherent memory effects (due to the neutral term) and non-smooth behavior (modeled by hemivariational inequalities), pose significant analytical challenges. We begin by rigorously establishing the existence of mild solutions for this intricate system. This crucial step relies on a powerful combination of mathematical tools, including cosine functions, a robust fixed-point technique, and the generalized Clarke’s subdifferential, which effectively handles the non-smoothness arising from the hemivariational inequalities. Building upon this foundation, we delve into the core objective: approximate controllability. This fundamental property explores the system’s ability to be arbitrarily close to any desired target state through judicious selection of control inputs. We derive sufficient conditions for approximate controllability, providing valuable insights into the system’s controllability characteristics. Finally, to underscore the practical significance of our theoretical findings, we present a concrete application demonstrating the developed theory’s efficacy in addressing real-world problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"512 ","pages":"Article 129750"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Picard-CR iterations involving weak perturbative contraction operators and application to reversible chemical reactions","authors":"Khairul Habib Alam , Aswini Dolai , Yumnam Rohen , Sunil Panday , Shaibal Mani","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose an efficient iterative method called Picard-CR for approximating fixed points under weak perturbative contraction conditions in uniformly convex hyperbolic metric spaces. Theoretical analysis establishes both weak and strong convergence, with performance validated against classical methods (CR, Picard-Noor, and Picard-SP) through numerical experiments. We extend our convergence results to non-expansive and contraction mappings, supported by MATLAB-based visualizations. The iterative scheme is shown to be stable and more efficient, with direct application to computing equilibrium concentrations in reversible chemical reactions. Our findings contribute not only to fixed point theory but also provide practical computational tools for chemical and engineering problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"512 ","pages":"Article 129744"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deep neural network-based adaptive supervisory control for strict-feedback nonlinear systems with sensor and actuator faults","authors":"Shanshan Guo , Jinghao Li , Guang-Hong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the adaptive supervisory control problem for strict-feedback nonlinear systems with sensor and actuator faults, where some healthy actuators serve as backups. A deep neural network whose weights are updated in real-time is introduced to approximate the unknown nonlinearities. Based on this deep neural network, an adaptive supervisory control scheme without overparameterization is developed to ensure the prescribed performance of the resulting closed-loop systems by switching from the current faulty actuator to the subsequent healthy one. It is shown that the proposed deep neural network-based adaptive supervisory control scheme can achieve superior tracking performance to the traditional two-layer neural network-based adaptive supervisory control scheme. Finally, a numerical example is provided to validate the effectiveness of the presented control scheme.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"511 ","pages":"Article 129745"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Solving linear and nonlinear Caputo fractional differential equations with a quantum pseudo-spectral approach","authors":"Saeid Abbasbandy","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Linear and nonlinear Caputo time-fractional differential equations play a fundamental role in pure and applied mathematics as well as theoretical physics. This article develops a hybrid methodology that combines quantum computing paradigms with spectral methods to solve such equations, employing shifted fractional Chebyshev polynomials as basis functions. The simultaneous treatment of linear and nonlinear fractional equations requires careful selection of both basis functions and collocation points. This choice proves essential for avoiding the chain rule complication inherent in Caputo’s derivative formulation. Crucially, the chosen basis functions generate a triangular operational matrix, thereby improving both the accuracy and computational efficiency of the pseudo-spectral approach. Within our computational framework, the solution at the terminal time is encoded as a final quantum state. We demonstrate the method’s efficacy through numerical experiments and comparative analysis with existing approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"511 ","pages":"Article 129726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Finite-time security E2P filter design of fuzzy discrete-time singular system","authors":"Xin-Yue Zhao , Qingkai Kong , Jianping Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nowadays, privacy protection avoids the disclosure of signals during transmission. This article studies the privacy protection of fuzzy singular systems. Initially, the nonlinear discrete-time singular system is represented using the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy modeling approach. Then, through the output mask technology, the eavesdropper is confused to obtain information. Meanwhile, the load problem of the signal passing through the channel is considered, the signal quantization is considered, and the channel fading problem is considered. On this basis, the stability conditions of the system are given, and a singular filter that satisfies the finite-time Energy-to-Peak (E2P) performance is designed. Ultimately, the proposed method’s effectiveness is substantiated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"511 ","pages":"Article 129741"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Local stabilization of Boolean control networks via stochastic sampled-data control","authors":"Bingquan Chen , Bowen Li , Tao Wu , Yanling Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper develops a stochastic sampled-data control framework for the local stabilization of Boolean control networks, where the sampling intervals are assumed to be independent and identically distributed random variables. A fundamental equivalence is established between the convergence of the full system state sequence and that of the sampled state subsequence. Based on the equivalence, we propose methods to determine the largest finite-time stabilizable region and the largest asymptotically stabilizable region, respectively. Corresponding control design strategies are provided to achieve stabilization within these regions. Moreover, a unified control scheme is proposed to simultaneously ensure both finite-time and asymptotic stabilization within their respective largest stabilizable regions. Finally, the applicability of the methods is demonstrated using two examples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"511 ","pages":"Article 129746"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-triggered control of robotic systems with obstacle avoidance and velocity constraints: A double integral TTCBLF approach","authors":"Longbin Fu , Liwei An","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article proposes a double integral time-to-collision barrier Lyapunov function (TTCBLF) approach for robotic systems with obstacle avoidance and velocity constraints. The existing barrier function assesses collision risk based solely on distance, neglecting the robot’s velocity, which is also highly relevant to collision risk. To comprehensively assess collision risk, a flexible time-to-collision barrier function (TTCBF) is constructed, enabling the robot to dynamically increase or decrease the amplitude of the original barrier function in advance based on its velocity and distances to obstacles. Then, unlike the self-triggered mechanism (STM) that solely depends on control signals, a velocity constraint function-based STM is designed to save communication resources, with the minimum triggering interval decreasing as the velocity constraint function increases. Through the Lyapunov method and boundedness analysis for the barrier function, it is shown that the proposed approach achieves obstacle avoidance for the robotic systems without violating the velocity constraints, while excluding the Zeno behavior. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"511 ","pages":"Article 129739"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"h-function-based state bounding results of discrete-time delayed systems","authors":"Huan Zhang , Xiaona Yang , Tianqiu Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amc.2025.129721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper focuses on the <span><math><mi>h</mi></math></span>-function-based state bounding estimation problem for discrete-time nonlinear systems (DTNSs) with time-varying delays and bounded disturbances. First, a direct method based on the system solutions is proposed to provide sufficient conditions, which are composed of simple inequalities and depend on the time delays, to ensure that the state trajectories of the considered system always stay within a polyhedron or converge into it. Second, it is demonstrated that the obtained sufficient conditions are precisely the global <span><math><mi>h</mi></math></span>-stability (G<span><math><mi>h</mi></math></span>-S) criteria of the considered system when disturbances disappear, and when the initial function is restricted within a certain range, the resulting polyhedron can be considered as <span><math><mi>h</mi></math></span>-function-based reachable set estimation of the states. Finally, the applicability of the theoretical results obtained is illustrated through two numerical examples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"511 ","pages":"Article 129721"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}