Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Experimental tests and numerical analysis of the dynamic behavior of thin single and segmented nano-alumina-reinforced cementitious targets","authors":"S. Farsavani Mohammadi,&nbsp;H. Ahmadi,&nbsp;E. Pedram,&nbsp;G. Liaghat","doi":"10.1007/s43452-025-01172-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43452-025-01172-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the mechanical performance of cementitious composite targets through nanoparticle addition and target configuration optimization under quasi-static and dynamic loading. This dual approach addresses both material-level and structural-level improvements for impact resistance. Experiments were manufactured by adding three replacement ratios of nano-Al₂O₃ particles, specifically 1%, 2%, and 4% by weight of cement, to the cementitious composite and tested under quasi-static compressive, split tensile, and high-velocity impact (HVI) loading. The finite element model (FEM) was developed using the Abaqus software package, incorporating the JH-2 material constitutive model calibrated with data from experimental material tests. Furthermore, simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of target thickness and segmentation strategy on the ballistic response of specimens. The experimental results revealed that the total incorporation of nano-alumina particles promotes the specimen’s quasi-static mechanical properties and impact resistance, resulting in substantial mitigation of phenomena, including radial cracking, spalling, scabbing, cone cracking, and shear plugging. The addition of 1 wt%. nano-Al₂O₃ caused the maximum compressive and tensile strength values, showing an uptrend of 26% and 110%, respectively. Furthermore, including 1.0% nano-Al₂O₃ particles improved specimens’ ballistic limit velocity (BLV) and energy absorption, showing enhancements of up to 12.7% and 27.2%, respectively. Numerical simulations revealed that increasing the target thickness or subjoining the extra parts improves the BLV, while the damage mechanisms and in situ construction of considered strategies are different. The findings from this study provide valuable insights for enhancing the impact load-bearing capacity of existing and future structures exposed to high-velocity collisions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55474,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43452-025-01172-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydration mechanism of ordinary Portland cement-sulphoaluminate cement-anhydrite ternary fast setting and rapid hardening binders","authors":"Bin Zhang,&nbsp;Jingfu Kang,&nbsp;Jinsuo Li,&nbsp;Jian Liang,&nbsp;Chao Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s43452-025-01182-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43452-025-01182-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the hydration mechanism, influencing factors, and mineral interactions of binders composed of ordinary Portland cement (OPC), calcium sulphoaluminate cement (CSA), and anhydrite (C<span>({overline{text{S}}})</span>) were studied. Results show that the ternary system's fast setting, rapid hardening, and dimensional stability could be adjusted by the OPC content and the ratio of anhydrite/tetracalcium sulfoaluminate (C₄A₃<span>({overline{text{S}}})</span>), which determine the generation of ettringite (AFt). In the early stage of hydration, an increase in the rate of ettringite generation promotes the fast setting and rapid hardening rate of the ternary system. In the middle and later stages of hydration, an increase in the number of ettringite affects strength development and dimensional stability. When the molar ratio of anhydrite/tetracalcium sulfoaluminate is below 4.4, ettringite and aluminum gel (AH₃) are the primary products, shifting to predominantly ettringite when the ratio exceeds 5.8. The optimal composition with 58.1% OPC, 33.4% CSA, and 8.5% C<span>({overline{text{S}}})</span>, displayed an initial setting time of 10 min, final setting time of 14 min, 2-h compressive strength of 25.6 MPa, 28-day compressive strength of 76.1 MPa, and 28-day dry shrinkage of only − 0.0065%. The findings provided a theoretical and scientific foundation for the design and preparation ternary fast setting and rapid hardening binders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55474,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissipative steel exoskeletons for seismic retrofit of RC buildings","authors":"Massimiliano Ferraioli,&nbsp;Osvaldo Pecorari,&nbsp;Salvatore Mottola,&nbsp;Angela Diana","doi":"10.1007/s43452-025-01185-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43452-025-01185-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper addresses the seismic retrofitting of highly vulnerable reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, with a focus on relevant and strategic structures such as schools, public offices, and cultural institutions. It proposes innovative retrofit solutions using external additive structures, or exoskeletons, designed for rapid, low-impact, and reversible interventions. These exoskeletons can be installed while the building remains operational, removed, replaced if damaged, and integrated with energy-efficient upgrades, reducing the time and cost of separate interventions. The research investigates two retrofit strategies for a school building: parallel exoskeletons with eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) and steel slit dampers (SSDs), and orthogonal exoskeletons with concentrically braced frames (CBFs) and shape memory alloy dampers (SMADs). A displacement-based design methodology ensures optimal energy dissipation and prevents premature buckling. Nonlinear time-history analyses validate the effectiveness of the retrofits across various earthquake scenarios. Peak inter-story drift ratio (IDR) responses are significantly reduced, remaining below the 2% collapse prevention limit. The parallel exoskeleton achieves IDR values of 0.66% and 0.86% in the <i>X</i>- and <i>Y</i>-directions, while the orthogonal exoskeleton records 0.63% and 1.06%, respectively. Additionally, the self-centering capability of SMA braces minimizes residual inter-story drifts, with permanent drifts as low as 0.0321% in the <i>X</i>-direction and 0.0090% in the <i>Y</i>-direction, ensuring repairability even after severe seismic events. These findings highlight the efficacy of dissipative exoskeletons in enhancing structural resilience while maintaining practicality and cost-efficiency for retrofitting critical infrastructure in earthquake-prone regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55474,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of grain boundary and micro-texture evolution during uniaxial tensile deformation of DP600 steel","authors":"H. Ashrafi,&nbsp;M. Shamanian,&nbsp;E. Ghassemali","doi":"10.1007/s43452-025-01192-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43452-025-01192-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Grain boundary and micro-texture evolution during the uniaxial tensile deformation of a DP600 steel were investigated. A DP600 steel was subjected to a uniaxial tensile test. The fractured specimen was sectioned, and two points with equivalent plastic strain of 0.15 and 0.4 were analyzed by electron backscatter diffraction. Results showed that the fraction of low angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) increased with increasing the plastic strain to 0.15, but a further increase in the plastic strain to 0.4 resulted in a decrease in the fraction of LAGBs. Furthermore, increasing the plastic strain led to the generation of geometrically necessary dislocations around the ferrite-martensite and ferrite-ferrite boundaries, as represented by the increase in the kernel average misorientation with increasing plastic strain. Analysis of grain average misorientation and grain orientation spread revealed that both parameters have higher values within the smaller ferrite grains and those surrounded by many martensite islands. The main texture components in the DP600 steel were along the <i>α</i> and <i>γ</i> fibers, which were replaced by strong cube and moderate rotated cube components with increasing the plastic strain. Subsequently, the Schmid factor for the {110}&lt;111&gt; slip system increased as a result of the formation of the cube texture. Based on the above results, it was concluded that the finer ferrite grains surrounded by many martensite islands are more susceptible to damage formation during tensile deformation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55474,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brazing of Ti2AlNb and TMCs using the amorphous TiZrHfNiCu high-entropy filler alloy","authors":"Duo Dong,&nbsp;Lin He,&nbsp;Dongdong Zhu,&nbsp;Ye Wang,&nbsp;Ning Fang,&nbsp;Man Zhang,&nbsp;Yongde Huang,&nbsp;Kerui Peng,&nbsp;Haitao Xu,&nbsp;Liu Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s43452-025-01194-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43452-025-01194-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The reliable combination of Ti₂AlNb alloy with Ti matrix composites (TMCs) is critical for promoting their utilization in the aerospace field. In this work, the TiZrHfNiCu high-entropy amorphous filler foil was employed to braze the TMCs and Ti₂AlNb alloy. The evolution of the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of the joints under varied temperatures for 10 min was studied. The formation mechanism of the joints was illustrated and the inherent relationship between the microstructure and the bonding strength was also established. The results show that all the joints obtained at different temperatures consist of three zones. At 940 °C, the microstructure of the joint can be characterized as: (α + β)-Ti, (Ti, Zr, Hf)₂(Ni, Cu) with traces of TiB and Y₂O₃ (for the zone I)/continuous (Ti, Zr, Hf)₂(Ni, Cu) with minor (α + β)-Ti (for the zone II)/continuous B₂ layer with a little O phase (for the zone III). In such a case, the highest shear strength of the joint was obtained, reaching 206.1 MPa. When brazed at 910 °C, the Ti–rich reaction layer formed at the zone I/zone II interface led to early fracture of the joint. While increasing the brazing temperature over 970 °C, the β-Ti and minor IMCs would be formed in zone III, deteriorating the joint strength. The work realized the sound joining between TMCs and Ti₂AlNb alloys, paving the way for their more extensive application in the aviation field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55474,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of Cu foils thicknesses on microstructure and mechanical properties of YG18/40Cr brazed joint with the Cu–Sn–Ti/Cu/Cu–Sn–Ti multi-layer filler metal","authors":"Yaolin Li,&nbsp;Zihan Zhao,&nbsp;Shaoheng Wang,&nbsp;Zhaoyang Zheng,&nbsp;An Du,&nbsp;Ruina Ma,&nbsp;Yongzhe Fan,&nbsp;Xue Zhao,&nbsp;Xiaoming Cao","doi":"10.1007/s43452-025-01195-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43452-025-01195-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When brazing YG18 carbide to 40Cr steel with a Cu–based active filler metal, the Co element diffused into the weld to form IMCs such as Co₂SnTi and CoTi, and the shear strength of the joint was decreased. To optimize the distribution of Co–rich compounds, in this study a Cu–Sn–Ti/Cu/Cu–Sn–Ti multi-layer filler metal was designed to join YG18 with 40Cr steel. The effect of Cu foil thicknesses on the microstructure and mechanical properties of YG18/40Cr joints was investigated. The microstructure of the joint was YG18/TiC/CoTi + Co₂SnTi/Cu [s, s]/CuSn₃Ti₅ + Cu [s, s]/TiC/40Cr. When the thickness of the Cu foil was 50 µm, a small amount of Co–rich compounds were present in the YG18/Cu foil area as well as in the Cu foil/40Cr area, and the shear strength of the joint was lower. When the thickness of the Cu foil was 100 µm, the Co–rich compounds were present only on the YG18 matrix side, and the residual stresses in the joint were released through the plastic deformation of the Cu foil. At this parameter, the shear strength of the joint was maximized at 268 MPa. When the thickness of the Cu foil reached 150 µm or 200 µm, the thicker Cu foil generated a larger strain during brazing cooling, leading to the formation of joining defects at the interfaces and a decrease in the shear strength of the joint.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55474,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hierarchical multi-scale approach in the prediction of forming limits diagram","authors":"Morteza Alizad Kamran,&nbsp;Bijan Mollaei Dariani","doi":"10.1007/s43452-025-01158-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43452-025-01158-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of current research is to explore the anisotropic properties of an AA3003-H19 sheet and compute its forming limit strains through a hierarchical multi-scale method. The material behavior at the macroscale was described using the 8- and 16-parameter versions of the BBC2008 yield criterion. Based on the crystal plasticity theory, a 3D representative volume element (RVE) was generated and employed in micromechanical modeling. To collect the crystallographic texture of the material for RVE simulations, an X-ray diffraction measurement was accomplished. The macroscale mechanical responses of the material were determined by conducting virtual experiments on the RVE under various deformation modes. The material data including the plastic anisotropy coefficients and yield stresses along seven different orientations as well as the yield stresses under plane strain conditions in the rolling and transverse directions were also extracted experimentally. Five calibration strategies for the yield function using a combination of simulation results and experimental data were proposed. An error function was minimized to calculate the anisotropy parameters for each calibration strategy. The forming limit diagrams (FLDs) were determined by the calibrated yield functions and the Marciniak-Kuczynski (MK) model. The results were validated by performing the Nakajima test. The influence of the calibration strategies on the accuracy of FLD prediction and reproduction of anisotropic properties was investigated. The study demonstrates that virtual experimentation on the RVE accurately predicts the r-value and yield stress distribution trends of the AA3003-H19. The calibration strategy considerably impacts the material behavior description and the calculation of the FLD using the yield criterion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55474,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring thermal stability of retained austenite in thermomechanically processed medium-Mn steel via quenching and partitioning process","authors":"Aleksandra Kozłowska,&nbsp;Adam Skowronek,&nbsp;Jarosław Opara,&nbsp;Krzysztof Matus,&nbsp;Paweł M. Nuckowski","doi":"10.1007/s43452-025-01188-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43452-025-01188-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tailoring thermal stability of austenite through a Q&amp;P (quenching and partitioning) thermal cycle is essential for obtaining a beneficial strength-ductility balance. In this study, the thermal stability of austenite during the Q&amp;P process applied for thermomechanically processed 0.17C-4.2Mn-0.98Al-0.87Si-Nb steel was analyzed. Q&amp;P thermal cycles in which the partitioning steps were carried out in a temperature range from 350 to 450 °C for time from 90 to 900 s were investigated. The diffusion simulations using DICTRA™ were performed to assess carbon partitioning during the Q&amp;P process providing further insights into distribution of carbon at austenite/martensite interface. The microstructure evolution during partitioning step was quantitative and qualitative investigated using techniques with different resolution. The thermal stability of austenite was tailored by optimizing its fraction during a quenching step and by minimizing the formation of undesirable carbides and bainite during the partitioning step. As a consequence, the formation of undesired secondary martensite (SM) was significantly reduced. The thermal stability of RA resulting from an increase in carbon content can be enhanced by increasing the partitioning temperature to 450 °C (90 s) or by extending the process duration at 400 °C to 300–900 s. This improvement is associated with an increase in carbon content in RA as partitioning temperature and time increase. The final microstructures consist of low-C martensite and up to 16 vol.% of lath-type retained austenite (RA) with minimal fraction of SM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55474,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additive-subtractive hybrid manufacturing of Inconel 718 alloy by direct laser deposition/abrasive belt grinding: forming quality, microstructure and tensile properties","authors":"Tao Wang,&nbsp;Chao Wang,&nbsp;Xufeng Yan,&nbsp;Juanjuan Li,&nbsp;Wenxi Wang,&nbsp;Jun Luo","doi":"10.1007/s43452-025-01191-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43452-025-01191-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Additive and subtractive hybrid manufacturing achieved broad recognition as an emerging technology, facilitating the processing of intricate components with enhanced geometric precision and dimensional accuracy. A direct laser deposition/abrasive belt grinding hybrid manufacturing process (DGHM) was utilized to produce thin-walled Inconel718 (In718) alloy parts in this study. The forming quality analysis, microstructure characterization, and mechanical property testing of the In718 parts were carried out. The performance indexes of In718 alloy prepared by DGHM improved in density and side roughness. The overall content of precipitated phases in the In718 alloy was limited, with the Laves phase primarily existing in the form of fine particles. The thin-walled parts manufactured by DGHM achieved tensile yield strength of 775.49 MPa and an average residual compressive stress of 540 MPa. The mechanical properties of DGHM specimens surpassed those of DLD specimens. In addition, a curved hollow thin-walled part (simplified hollow turbine blade) was prepared through the optimized DGHM process, which verified the feasibility of the hybrid manufacturing system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55474,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143824606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of two-stage mineralization of organic fillers on the properties of cement composites","authors":"Michał Bołtryk,&nbsp;Edyta Pawluczuk,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kalinowska-Wichrowska,&nbsp;Wioleta Rutkowska","doi":"10.1007/s43452-025-01170-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43452-025-01170-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A common feature of most fiber plants is their similar biological composition, an organic and mineral conglomerate mainly in the form of cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose, inorganic materials, and extractive substances such as pectin, fats, wax, and other. In particular, simple sugars formed in an aqueous environment inhibit the process of hydration of the cement binder. In paper extensive laboratory tests were conducted on the effect of different types and methods of organic filler mineralization on the compressive strength of the composite. They focused on eliminating the problem related to the instability of cement composites containing organic fillers due to the presence of simple sugars. Based on the test results the authors proposed a two-stage mineralization of organic filler in cement composites. First, an extractant was selected in the form of an aluminum sulfate solution, which leaches simple sugars from the organic aggregate (mainly from its surface layers) and partially neutralizes them, and then a neutralizer was selected in the form of a calcium oxide solution, whose task is to bind carbohydrates and increase the pH of the solution from acid to alkaline. The optimal contents of aluminium sulphate and calcium oxide in relation to organic fillers were also experimentally determined. The use of two-stage mineralization of organic fillers allowed an increase of the compressive strength of composites by approximately 70%, an increase of volume density as well as significantly reducing their water absorption. This solution enables more efficient use of organic waste in building materials, which is consistent with the idea of sustainable development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55474,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43452-025-01170-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143818159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}