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War on All Fronts: A Theory of Health Security Justice By  Nicholas G. Evans, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 2023. pp. 258. $45.00 paperback. ISBN: 9780262545433 各条战线上的战争：Nicholas G.Evans 著，马萨诸塞州剑桥市，麻省理工学院出版社：麻省理工学院出版社。第 258 页。45.00 美元平装本。ISBN: 9780262545433
IF 1.7 2区 哲学
Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13342
Ben Davies
{"title":"War on All Fronts: A Theory of Health Security Justice By  Nicholas G. Evans, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 2023. pp. 258. $45.00 paperback. ISBN: 9780262545433","authors":"Ben Davies","doi":"10.1111/bioe.13342","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bioe.13342","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55379,"journal":{"name":"Bioethics","volume":"38 9","pages":"823-824"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142180013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Will older adults be represented in patient-reported data? Opportunities and realities 患者报告的数据中会有老年人的身影吗？机遇与现实。
IF 1.7 2区 哲学
Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13341
Nina Roxburgh
{"title":"Will older adults be represented in patient-reported data? Opportunities and realities","authors":"Nina Roxburgh","doi":"10.1111/bioe.13341","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bioe.13341","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Policy makers and health professionals are grappling with the high costs of and demand for health care, questions of sustainability and value, and changing population demographics—in particular, ageing populations. Digital solutions, including the adoption of patient-reported measures, are considered critical in achieving person-centred and value-based health care. However, the utility of patient-reported measures and the data they produce may be subject to ageist beliefs, prejudices and attitudes, rendering these data ineffective at promoting improved patient experiences and outcomes for older adults. This article explores the ethical considerations raised in relation to patient-reported measures and the digital agency of older patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":55379,"journal":{"name":"Bioethics","volume":"38 9","pages":"763-769"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bioe.13341","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The pregnancy rescue case versus typical abortion 妊娠抢救案例与典型堕胎案例。
IF 1.7 2区 哲学
Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13328
Alex R Gillham
{"title":"The pregnancy rescue case versus typical abortion","authors":"Alex R Gillham","doi":"10.1111/bioe.13328","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bioe.13328","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hendricks' pregnancy rescue case (PRC) tries to show that abortion is typically morally wrong. I argue here that there are at least two morally relevant differences between the abortion in PRC and the typical abortion so that the latter isn't morally wrong even if the former is morally wrong. I develop five modifications to PRC to show that these two differences are morally important. First, in PRC we don't know whether the person gives informed consent to the abortion, nor does the medical professional who will perform the abortion, and so the abortion can't be performed because the patient gives informed consent to it. Second, not preventing the death of the fetus in PRC brings about the death of an additional fetus gestating in a separate pregnant person, whereas most abortions don't entail the termination of another's pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":55379,"journal":{"name":"Bioethics","volume":"38 9","pages":"803-810"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141879902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mental health and humanitarian crisis: Moral stress in trauma therapy 心理健康与人道主义危机：创伤治疗中的道德压力。
IF 1.7 2区 哲学
Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13339
Eva Regel
{"title":"Mental health and humanitarian crisis: Moral stress in trauma therapy","authors":"Eva Regel","doi":"10.1111/bioe.13339","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bioe.13339","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article offers a narrative analysis of the contributing factors of moral distress (MD) and moral injury (MI) among mental health clinicians working amidst humanitarian crises. It discusses the impact of moral stress on therapeutic relationships in mental health trauma. The article originated from the author's experience developing a peer-to-peer support program at a nongovernmental organization (NGO) and conducting peer-to-peer support for mental health clinicians and healthcare providers in Ukraine and Turkey. A significant amount of literature has documented the detrimental effects of MD and MI on mental health, job sustainability, and resilience of healthcare providers and first responders. The negative effects of MD and MI are particularly relevant in trauma counseling, where clinicians must draw upon the use of self to develop therapeutic relationships with their clients. This process demands a high level of moral reasoning and self-awareness, which can be severely tested under the morally challenging conditions of a humanitarian crisis. There is an imperative need to deepen our understanding and to swiftly address the factors that precipitate MD and MI in mental health clinicians working in crisis zones. By doing so, we aim to bolster their resilience and the enduring nature of their commitment to help and save others. This, in turn, will not only contribute to saving more lives but also enable those who are affected by trauma to flourish in the aftermath of their experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":55379,"journal":{"name":"Bioethics","volume":"38 9","pages":"811-815"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Navigating autonomy, privacy, and ageism in robot home care with aged users: A preliminary analysis of ROB-IN. 在有老年用户的机器人家庭护理中驾驭自主性、隐私和年龄歧视：ROB-IN 的初步分析。
IF 1.7 2区 哲学
Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13340
Belen Liedo
{"title":"Navigating autonomy, privacy, and ageism in robot home care with aged users: A preliminary analysis of ROB-IN.","authors":"Belen Liedo","doi":"10.1111/bioe.13340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bioe.13340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, I propose an ethical analysis of assistive domestic robots for older users. In doing so, I illustrate my inquiry with the example of ROB-IN assistive robot. ROB-IN is a Spanish project which is devoted to developing a robot that will perform in the private home of nondependent, aged users. It is aimed to help people in their daily activities and contribute to appropriate health monitoring. One of their potentially most useful features is related to data gathering and sharing. For the inquiry on the ethical underpinnings of this case, I develop a framework for domestic assistive robots for competent older adults drawn on the ethics of care. I assess that this type of robots could be ethically appraised attending to their impact on the well-being and autonomy of users. I approach autonomy from a relational perspective, and I delve into the relationship between autonomy and well-being through the concept of paternalism. I argue that this type of assistive robots should never act paternalistically. Given ROB-IN great implications regarding privacy, I subsequently explore the ways in which the privacy of users should be respected in their interaction with assistive robots, focusing on the relation with autonomy and well-being. Lastly, I highlight the need for avoiding ageism. This investigation focuses on aged users, but it is suggested that the situation of caregivers should be also the object of further investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":55379,"journal":{"name":"Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The sufficiency theory of justice and the allocation of health resources 正义的充足性理论与医疗资源的分配。
IF 1.7 2区 哲学
Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13338
Dick Timmer
{"title":"The sufficiency theory of justice and the allocation of health resources","authors":"Dick Timmer","doi":"10.1111/bioe.13338","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bioe.13338","url":null,"abstract":"<p>According to the sufficiency theory of justice in health, justice requires that people have equal access to adequate health. In this article, I lay out the structure of this view and I assess its distributive implications for setting priority (i) between health needs across persons and (ii) between health care spending and other societal goods. I argue, first, that according to the sufficiency theory, deficiency in health cannot be completely offset by providing other societal goods. And, second, that it can prevent the medicalization of societies by stressing that improvements beyond the level of adequate health have relatively little weight, if any, from the standpoint of justice.</p>","PeriodicalId":55379,"journal":{"name":"Bioethics","volume":"38 9","pages":"796-802"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bioe.13338","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Digital medication and patients' right of autonomy in Spain. 西班牙的数字医疗和患者自主权。
IF 1.7 2区 哲学
Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13335
Salvador Pérez Álvarez
{"title":"Digital medication and patients' right of autonomy in Spain.","authors":"Salvador Pérez Álvarez","doi":"10.1111/bioe.13335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bioe.13335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The progress the Internet has experienced in recent years has brought about huge changes and social transformation in all aspects of our lives. One such aspect greatly impacted has been our health, where we can talk about the existence of an 'Internet of Medical Things'. Amid this digital drift, we have seen the development of pharmaceutical drugs that provide information to patients and their attending healthcare teams concerning medication, doses ingested, and time of ingestion. These are digital pills or digital medication. In this context, the purpose of my paper is to analyze the ethical and legal impact of digital medication, further analyzing the implications concerning the right of service users to make decisions over their own health in Spain.</p>","PeriodicalId":55379,"journal":{"name":"Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does contract surrogacy undermine gender equality? 合同代孕会破坏性别平等吗？
IF 1.7 2区 哲学
Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13337
Jesse Hill
{"title":"Does contract surrogacy undermine gender equality?","authors":"Jesse Hill","doi":"10.1111/bioe.13337","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bioe.13337","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Some feminists hold that surrogacy contracts should be unenforceable or illegal because they contribute to and perpetuate unjust gender inequalities. I argue that in developed countries, surrogacy contracts either wouldn't have these negative effects or that these effects could be mitigated via regulation. Furthermore, the existence of a regulated surrogacy market is preferable on consequentialist grounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":55379,"journal":{"name":"Bioethics","volume":"38 8","pages":"702-708"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/bioe.13337","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141785283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Let the foxes run free: Arresting bioethics' inward turn 让狐狸自由驰骋：阻止生命伦理学的内向转向
IF 1.7 2区 哲学
Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13336
Dominic Robin
{"title":"Let the foxes run free: Arresting bioethics' inward turn","authors":"Dominic Robin","doi":"10.1111/bioe.13336","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bioe.13336","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As bioethics matures, a number of voices have called for a narrowing of what officially “counts” as bioethics. Bioethics defined broadly, they argue, creates a space that lacks objectivity and rigor, jeopardizing the credibility of the profession. Although a variety of proposed solutions exist, most advance a definitional narrowing of bioethics. In doing so, they mimic the siloed nature of the academy writ large, an institution that organizes itself through the logic of atomization, the belief that knowledge is generated through the process of isolation, examination, theorization, and ultimately reintegration. Borrowing language from Isaiah Berlin's essay “The Hedgehog and the Fox,” I argue that bioethics has thrived precisely because it stands distinct from other departments of learning, constituting one of the few places within the academy where true inter, multi, and cross-disciplinary scholarship can thrive. Reducing bioethics to an internally defined set of axiomatic rationales does violence to this vision, eroding, in the process, one of the field's greatest assets.</p>","PeriodicalId":55379,"journal":{"name":"Bioethics","volume":"38 8","pages":"684-691"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141772858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The ethics of overriding patient refusals during 5150s and other involuntary psychiatric holds 在 5150s 和其他非自愿精神病治疗期间推翻病人拒绝的伦理问题。
IF 1.7 2区 哲学
Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1111/bioe.13331
Alexander Quan
{"title":"The ethics of overriding patient refusals during 5150s and other involuntary psychiatric holds","authors":"Alexander Quan","doi":"10.1111/bioe.13331","DOIUrl":"10.1111/bioe.13331","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Involuntary psychiatric holds, such as the 5150 hold in California, allow for an individual to be taken into custody for evaluation and treatment for up to 72 h when they present a risk of danger to themselves. 5150s and other coerced holds present a bioethical tension as patient autonomy is overridden to provide psychiatric care. I discuss two arguments that aim to provide ethical justifications for overriding patient autonomy during 5150 holds: the “clinical benefit” and “lack of capacity” arguments. By demonstrating that these arguments do not always hold, I argue that overriding patient autonomy during 5150 holds is not always ethical and can be harmful. Lastly, I make recommendations for the 5150 and similar involuntary psychiatric holds to minimize harmful breaches of patient dignity: creating consistent field guidelines for assessing prehospital capacity, educating prehospital providers about the potential harms of 5150s, and utilizing existing support structures within the social context of the patient when they have capacity to refuse further prehospital care.</p>","PeriodicalId":55379,"journal":{"name":"Bioethics","volume":"38 8","pages":"667-673"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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