Biology Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthetase 2 in Nosema bombycis","authors":"Min Ling, Chenxiao Dong, Haodong Yu, Pai Liu, Jiangfeng Shi, Qiang Wang, Xudong Tang, Zhongyuan Shen, Yiling Zhang","doi":"10.1134/s106235902461214x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s106235902461214x","url":null,"abstract":"Pebrine caused by Nosema bombycis infection is one of the most threatening diseases to sericulture. Trehalose-6-phosphate synthetase is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the trehalose metabolism pathway. N. bombycis trehalose phosphate synthetase 2 (NbTPS2) is a subcellular unit of N. bombycis trehalose synthase gene complex. Here, NbTPS2 gene was amplified, sequenced and expressed in E. coli BL21 strain. The result showed that NbTPS2 gene contains an open reading frame with length of 1371 bp and encoded a protein with molecular mass of approximately 57.87 kDa. His pull-down result showed that 66 N. bombycis proteins and 359 silkworm proteins may be directly or indirectly interacted with NbTPS2. Molecular phylogeny analysis result showed that NbTPS2 gene was conservative in different microsporidia. In addition, the highest relative transcription level of NbTPS2 at 6 h after infection suggesting that NbTPS2 plays an important role in the early infection stage (possibly germination stage) for N. bombycis. These results revealed the molecular characteristic of NbTPS2, laying the molecular foundation for the subsequent functional study of NbTPS2.","PeriodicalId":55366,"journal":{"name":"Biology Bulletin","volume":"52 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application Value of High PPIH Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Renjie Wang, Haini Chen, Sha Xiang, Yun Hu, Shengrong Pan, Jun Ye","doi":"10.1134/s1062359024610498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1062359024610498","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Based on our preliminary research, our team further assessed the application value of PPIH in the early diagnosis and prognosis monitoring of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), establishing a solid foundation for elucidating the primary molecular mechanisms of PPIH in the onset and progression of HCC. We utilized bioinformatics analysis combined with clinical sample evaluation to study PPIH’s mRNA and protein expression and its gene regulation networks in HCC. Additionally, we used data from the TCGA database to examine the relationship between PPIH expression and HCC patient age, gender, and TP53 gene mutation status. The mRNA expression level of PPIH in HCC patients was higher than that in adjacent normal tissues, and Western Blot analysis preliminarily confirmed that PPIH expression was also elevated in HCC tissues compared to matched adjacent normal tissues. However, compared to the normal human liver cell line (L-02), the expression of PPIH in liver cancer cell lines (SMCC7721, HepG2, HepG2.2.15, and MHCC97H) showed no significant differences. Furthermore, the PPIH gene is associated with the regulation of non-coding RNA. It was also found that PPIH expression is positively correlated with the TP53 mutation burden in HCC. However, regardless of the TP53 gene mutation status in HCC, there is no correlation between PPIH expression levels and the gender or age of HCC patients. PPIH holds significant reference value for the diagnosis and prognosis monitoring of HCC and shows potential for clinical application.","PeriodicalId":55366,"journal":{"name":"Biology Bulletin","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147919869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus PE38 Interacts with eIF4E to Benefit Viral Replication in Silkworm, Bombyx mori","authors":"Hui Jeong An, Zhenghao Han, Yujia Fang, Qiong Yu, Zhenwei Jia, Ping Qian, Xudong Tang","doi":"10.1134/s1062359024610784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1062359024610784","url":null,"abstract":"The silkworm (Bombyx mori) is an economically important insect and a model species of Lepidoptera insects. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), a member of the baculovirus, caused serious damages to the sericulture industry every year. The complex interactions between baculoviruses and their hosts determine the ultimate fate of viral infections. Although it has been reported that Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) infection induced shutoff of host protein translation, the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we found the immediately early protein, PE38 of BmNPV, could interact with the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) in the eIF4F complex which initials eukaryotic translation. It was also found that the knockdown of BmeIF4E and the treatment with rapamycin led to an increase in the replication of BmNPV. Taken together, we confirmed that BmNPV manipulates the host translation machinery by expressing PE38 to block the translation initiation complex. Our results may provide valuable information for the potential drug discovery against viral pathogens of insects.","PeriodicalId":55366,"journal":{"name":"Biology Bulletin","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of the Number of Anatids (Anseriformes, Anatidae, Aves) in Model Regions in Dagestan","authors":"Е. В. Вилков","doi":"10.1134/s1062359024701152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1062359024701152","url":null,"abstract":"The decrease in the number of waterfowl and near-water birds on a global scale is largely associated with a reduction in the area of wetlands in the era of climate warming. On the example of transboundary populations of Anseriformes (Anatidae), data on long-term monitoring obtained in the period 1995–2020 in two Key Ornithological Territories of Russia of international importance (in Sulakskaya and Turalinskaya lagoons, Republic of Dagestan) are reflected. The model lagoons are located on one of the largest Western Caspian flyways in Russia, which is arranged as a “bottleneck,” where the flight routes of European and Asian migrants intersect. A model group Anseriformes, which includes 18 mainly background species, was selected based on the regularity of their encounters during migratory flight. Based on data on ring returns obtained from the Research Information Center for Bird Ringing of the Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, a conditional contour of the generalized range of Anseriformes was determined; their faunogenetic basis consists of widespread Arctic and Siberian representatives of the fauna types. According to ringing data and published sources, the geographical location of the anatid populations (regularly migrating through the study region) was determined. It was established that out of 18 species tested, the numbers of 12 species decreased significantly, those of two species increased, and those of four species remained stable. The obtained population trends were synchronized with data from literary sources for the same Anseriformes species, but in their nesting places. The coincidence of the trends indicated above with the population trends of the same species in their nesting places confirms the correctness of the estimation of the number of geographically distant populations of Anseriformes obtained along the their flight routes in the model lagoons. A correlation between the average monthly air temperatures in the autumn–winter period in the Primorskaya Lowland of Dagestan and fluctuations in the number of 12 model species was detected. It was proven that the number of migrating populations of anatids in cold years and the intensity of their flight in the study region increase, while in warm years there was a decrease as a result of delays of migrants on the flight routes and changes in their wintering places. Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant association between the increase in the number of Anseriformes wintering in the Caspian Sea and sea level regression, in which the shallow region of marine waters improved the access of anatids to food resources (benthos). Three key factors determining the dynamics of the number of Anseriformes populations are discussed: hydroclimatic cycles, anthropogenic effect, and foraging. It is recommended to introduce a temporary ban on hunting of eight vulnerable species (greylag goose, common teal, garganey, gadwall, Eurasian wigeon, northern pintail, nort","PeriodicalId":55366,"journal":{"name":"Biology Bulletin","volume":"51 8","pages":"2473-2494"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147889650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Coding RNAs Involved in the Regulation of Signaling Pathways as Possible Markers of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Progression","authors":"L. V. Topchieva, I. V. Kurbatova, O. P. Dudanova, A. V. Vasilyeva, G. A. Zhulay","doi":"10.1134/s1062359024607742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1062359024607742","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The current understanding of the role of non-coding RNAs in the regulation of signaling pathways that control lipid accumulation and the development of inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is outlined. The contribution of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) to changes in lipid metabolism and the formation of lipotoxicity as trigger mechanisms of NAFLD is considered. The role of TGFβ, TNFα/NF-κb, IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling pathways in the activation of stellate cells, liver fibrogenesis and the progression of NAFLD has been demonstrated. Analysis of literature data has revealed a number of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) presumably associated with the regulation of these signaling pathways in this disease. They may probably have prognostic significance for differentiating clinical forms and severity of NAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":55366,"journal":{"name":"Biology Bulletin","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on Epibiotic Communities of the Barents Sea Red King Crab","authors":"A. G. Dvoretsky, V. G. Dvoretsky","doi":"10.1134/s1062359024607638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1062359024607638","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Based on a long-term dataset of species composition and infestation levels of associated organisms on the invasive Barents Sea red king crab, a multivariate analysis was conducted to determine the contributions of biotic and abiotic factors to the fouling community structure. Results indicate that host size and exoskeleton age were the most significant factors for diversity indices and infestation intensity. Abiotic factors played a lesser role in the formation of fouling communities. Temperature conditions during the mass molting periods were found to have significant effects, apparently acting as a trigger for the primary settlement of crab shells by benthic organisms. Our data not only provide new insights into the formation of fouling communities of decapod crustaceans, but also provide valuable information for further studies on the adaptation process of the red crab to the conditions of the Barents Sea.</p>","PeriodicalId":55366,"journal":{"name":"Biology Bulletin","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Site Preference of the Myxosporean Genus Kudoa Meglitsch, 1947, in the World Fauna Fish at Certain Depths","authors":"V. M. Yurakhno","doi":"10.1134/s1062359023606651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1062359023606651","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper provides first information about possible occurrence of the myxosporean genus <i>Kudoa</i> in fish of the World Ocean and, in some cases, in associated freshwater bodies at different depths. An analysis of the theoretically assumed site preference by <i>Kudoa</i> of different habitat depths of their fish hosts in the World Fauna is made for the first time. It is revealed that all species of the myxosporean genus <i>Kudoa</i> can be found in coastal shelf zones, of which 90 species (70.8% of the total) occur exclusively in the shelf zone, and the hosts of 50 <i>Kudoa</i> species (39.4%) live in its shallowest part (down to 50 m). 16 species (12.6%) and 14 species (11%) of this genus can be found at depths from the shelf to 500 meters and 1000 meters, respectively. From 1 to 3 species of <i>Kudoa</i> can be encountered theoretically at 1500 m to 3000 m, which is from 0.8 to 2.4% of all known representatives of these parasites.</p>","PeriodicalId":55366,"journal":{"name":"Biology Bulletin","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Presence and Microstructure of Down Components of Feathers in Nineteen Orders of Birds (Aves)","authors":"O. L. Silaeva, S. A. Bukreev, R. M. Khatsaeva","doi":"10.1134/s1062359024608590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1062359024608590","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>We used light and raster electron microscopy to study for the first time in research the microstructure of the down parts of feather vanes consisting of combined barbules (“barbule I”) provided with both typical plumulaceous barbules (“barbicel,” “barbule II”) and modified plumulaceous barbules (MBs). Their presence and distribution over different pterylae were studied on 3330 feathers from 441 birds of 129 species belonging to 45 families of 19 orders. Information about the presence of afterfeathers and of umbilical barbs on feathers was clarified. Modified plumulaceous barbules were found on feathers of all species studied, more often on coverts, less often on wing and tail feathers. Down components were studied in most detail in the orders Charadriiformes and Passeriformes; in the former, the presence or absence of MB was specific at the level of family or genus, while in the latter, afterfeathers or umbilical barbs were never found together on the same feather. The possibility is discussed of using various combinations of down components and features of their microstructure as an important addition to the integrated system of ptilological taxa identification by feathers (including single feathers) and in some cases even by the pteryla to which the tested feather belongs.</p>","PeriodicalId":55366,"journal":{"name":"Biology Bulletin","volume":"2023 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Information on the Ultrathin Structure of the Tegument of the “Cystacanth” in Acanthocephala Neoechinorhynchus beringianus Mikhailova et Atrashkevich, 2008 (Eoacanthocephala, Neoechinorynchidae)","authors":"K. V. Kusenko, V. P. Nikishin","doi":"10.1134/s1062359024607614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1062359024607614","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The ultrastructure of the metasoma tegument of the developing acanthocephalan <i>Neoechinorhynchus beringianus</i> (Neoechinorhynchidae) was studied for the first time for representatives of the class Eoacanthocephala. The completely developed acanthellae of this species were shown to have no cyst, which is a characteristic feature of cystacanths at these stages of development in other acanthocephalan classes, and protection against the host response is provided by a thick layer of glycocalyx on the tegument surface. The tegument is represented by a typical symplast and includes a standard set of layers (cross-striated, felt-fibrous, radial-fibrous, and tubular), and is underlain by a basal plate and two layers of muscles. The absence of a cyst in the completely developed acanthellae under study does not permit us to use the term “cystacanth” concerning them.</p>","PeriodicalId":55366,"journal":{"name":"Biology Bulletin","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Identification and Counting of Saigas (Saiga tatarica) by Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks in High-Resolution Satellite Images","authors":"V. V. Rozhnov, A. L. Salman, A. A. Yachmennikova, A. A. Lushchekina, P. A. Salman","doi":"10.1134/s1062359024608784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1062359024608784","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>We utilized a two-phase analysis using deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) to create an automated technology that enabled us to detect and count saigas (<i>Saiga tatarica</i>) in satellite images with a resolution of 0.3–0.5 m/pixel (Eros-B 2012; 2013 and Beijing KA 2022 satellites). In the first phase, the satellite image is automatically divided into sections and checked for the presence or absence of clusters of objects (the “classification” phase). Then, during the second phase, only the fragments of the satellite image where at least one saiga was previously found are analyzed (the “detection” phase). The method was calibrated by training a neural network on the results of the preliminary processing of archival satellite images from 2012 and 2013, carried out manually by zoological experts. When we tested the DCNN work with a “confidence threshold” of 0.3, we identified 1284 saigas on the entire model satellite image, while a zoological expert manually identified 1412 saigas. For practical use and to assess the effectiveness of this method, we counted saigas on a 2022 image covering two adjacent specially protected natural areas (PAs) located in the Republic of Kalmykia and the Astrakhan region (Russian Federation). The results are presented with different “thresholds of confidence.”</p>","PeriodicalId":55366,"journal":{"name":"Biology Bulletin","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}