Brain and Cognition最新文献

{"title":"Identification of anticipatory brain activity in a time discrimination task","authors":"Stefania Lucia ,&nbsp;Francesco Di Russo","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this study was to investigate anticipatory functions in temporal cognition, identifying the presence of proactive brain processing specifically preceding a time discrimination task. To this aim, two discriminative response tasks (DRTs) were employed: a feature DRT and a temporal (T-DRT). While the F-DRT required discrimination among different geometrical shapes, the T-DRT required discrimination among different stimulus durations. Specifically, this study investigated the role of premotor and prefrontal cortices, and sensory visual areas in preparatory activity preceding time-processing by electroencephalographic methods and analyzing the event-related potential (ERP). ERP components associated with motor (the BP), cognitive (the pN), and sensory readiness (the vN) were analyzed on 21 participants completing the two DRTs. The results support the involvement of all considered brain areas in temporal cognition but extend this information by indicating that these areas can be engaged during the preparation phase before the stimulus is delivered. Furthermore, the T-DRT requires strong anticipatory activity in the PFC likely serving as a moderator of upcoming motor responses. Finally, visual areas were greatly engaged in the early phase of sensory readiness of the T-DRT probably to create top-down low-level representations of imminent events to facilitate perception.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical and semantic knowledge mediate the implicit understanding of the physical world","authors":"Giovanni Federico ,&nbsp;François Osiurak ,&nbsp;Ciro Rosario Ilardi ,&nbsp;Carlo Cavaliere ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Alfano ,&nbsp;Liberatore Tramontano ,&nbsp;Giuseppina Ciccarelli ,&nbsp;Celeste Cafaro ,&nbsp;Marco Salvatore ,&nbsp;Maria Antonella Brandimonte","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most recent accounts highlight the importance of two aspects of cognition in the implicit understanding of the physical world: semantic knowledge (the ability to recognize, categorize, and relate concepts) and mechanical knowledge (the capability to comprehend how things mechanically work). However, how the human brain may integrate these cognitive processes remains largely unexplored. Here, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate this integration employing a novel free-viewing task. Participants viewed images depicting object-tool pairs that were either mechanically consistent (<em>e.g.</em>, nail – steel hammer) or mechanically inconsistent (<em>e.g.</em>, scarf – steel hammer). These pairs were situated on a metal plate atop a table, with a stripped electrical cable in contact with the plate that could be plugged in or out from the electrical line, rendering the tools either electrified or not. Task-based functional connectivity revealed an interplay among specific left-brain regions – the middle temporal (MTG), inferior frontal (IFG), and supramarginal (SMG) gyri – during the processing of mechanical actions and physics principles, associating the activity of these areas with mechanical knowledge (SMG) and object-related semantic knowledge (MTG). Notably, the IFG was active during both types of processing, suggesting a critical role of this region in multi-modal information integration. These findings support the most recent integrated neurocognitive models of physical understanding, deepening our comprehension of how we make sense of the physical world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced disconnectomic analyses reveal repetition pathways in a case of mixed transcortical aphasia","authors":"Irene Bellin ,&nbsp;Arianna Menardi ,&nbsp;Serena De Pellegrin ,&nbsp;Antonio Luigi Bisogno ,&nbsp;Carlo Semenza ,&nbsp;Maurizio Corbetta ,&nbsp;Antonino Vallesi","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mixed Transcortical Aphasia (MTA) is an infrequent aphasic syndrome, characterized by poor comprehension and production in oral language abilities and poor performance in written language abilities. However, individuals with MTA typically retain the ability to repeat. Our patient, a woman who suffered from a left hemisphere ischemic stroke involving perisylvian areas, presented with repetition preserved for words, non-words, sentences and numbers, together with marginally preserved reading abilities. Given the peculiarity of her linguistic profile, we employed recently developed lesion-based approaches for probabilistic estimation of white matter disconnections to reveal which white matter tracts are likely to be related to her preserved linguistic abilities. Our analysis revealed that while the left arcuate fasciculus (AF)—a tract commonly associated with repetition—was partially affected, its posterior and long branches were estimated to be disconnected, whereas the anterior branch remained intact. This disconnection pattern may explain the pattern of preserved repetition abilities observed in this MTA patient.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroimaging markers of cognitive fatigue in individuals with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection","authors":"Christopher E. Niemczak ,&nbsp;James C. Ford ,&nbsp;Robert M. Roth ,&nbsp;Samantha M. Leigh ,&nbsp;Jeffrey Parsonnet ,&nbsp;Christina Martin ,&nbsp;Shreve O. Soule ,&nbsp;Theresa M. Haron ,&nbsp;Jay C. Buckey Jr. ,&nbsp;Glenn R. Wylie","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106254","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106254","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Persistent cognitive fatigue (CF) is the most reported symptom in Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (PASC), but little is known about its underlying neural basis. This pilot study examined fMRI brain activation patterns during a fatiguing task in those with and without PASC. We hypothesized that individuals with PASC would show changes in CF-related brain activation within fatigue network. Participants were 10 adults with PASC and persistent CF and 10 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. The 2-back working memory task was used during fMRI to induce CF. Patients with PASC reported greater CF, as measured using a Visual Analogue Scale of Fatigue (VAS-F), throughout the task. The relationship of brain activation in the fatigue network to increased CF during the fatiguing task did not differ between groups. There were, however, more areas inside and outside the fatigue network that were activated in the PASC group as reported CF increased. The relationship between brain activation and scores on the 2-back did differ between groups, with the PASC group showing more frontal activation. Findings suggest that individuals with PASC and CF may need to exert greater mental effort during demanding cognitive tasks, reflected in recruitment of a broader network of brain regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 106254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical brain potentials in response to lower limb proprioceptive stimuli in young adults with probable developmental coordination disorder","authors":"Yu-Ting Tseng ,&nbsp;Yi-Wen Chen ,&nbsp;Yi-Hsuan Lin ,&nbsp;Chia-Liang Tsai ,&nbsp;Chun-Hsiang Chuang","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106224","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Proprioceptive deficits have been shown to underlie motor problems in individuals with a probable developmental coordination disorder (pDCD). Behavioral studies have employed response times to passive limb movement to evaluate proprioceptive function in individuals with pDCD. However, the underlying neural mechanisms involved in the cortical processing of proprioceptive input and its corresponding motor response are unclear. To address this issue, this study aims to investigate neuropsychological and neurophysiological performances using event-related potentials (ERP) on proprioceptive-motor tasks in young adults with pDCD.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;From a total of 149 young adults screened using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency 2nd Edition Complete Form (BOT-2), 12 individuals with pDCD were identified (mean age ± SD: 20.50 ± 1.08 years) along with 12 age- and sex-matched controls (mean age ± SD: 20.75 ± 1.05 years). Participants placed their dominant foot on a passive ankle motion apparatus that plantarflexed the ankle at a constant velocity of 22°/s for a total of 75 trials in each proprioceptive condition. With vision occluded, participants had to press the trigger button held by the dominant hand when they sensed the passive motion of the ankle (voluntary response, VR), or purely receive the movement without a voluntary response (non-voluntary response, NVR). Behavioral performances [i.e., mean movement detection time (MDT&lt;sub&gt;mean&lt;/sub&gt;), the standard deviation of the movement detection time (MDT&lt;sub&gt;SD&lt;/sub&gt;)] and ERP indices (i.e., N1, P3 amplitude, and latency) related to ankle kinesthetic stimuli were obtained to determine the proprioceptive-motor function.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The results showed that young adults with pDCD exhibited longer MDT&lt;sub&gt;mean&lt;/sub&gt; (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001) and MDT&lt;sub&gt;SD&lt;/sub&gt; (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.002) compared to their controls. Electrophysiological indices measured at frontal and central electrode sites, showed that young adults with pDCD exhibited significantly smaller N1 (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.019) and P3 amplitudes (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.032) during VR and NVR conditions. Notably, correlation analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between MDT&lt;sub&gt;mean&lt;/sub&gt; and N1 (&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; = 0.62, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001) and P3 amplitudes (&lt;em&gt;r&lt;/em&gt; = − 0.55, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.005) in the VR condition in young adults with and without pDCD.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study sheds light on the central brain mechanisms underlying proprioceptive-motor deficits in young adults with pDCD. The combined analysis of behavioral and ERP data suggests that longer MDT&lt;sub&gt;mean&lt;/sub&gt; and larger MDT&lt;sub&gt;SD&lt;/sub&gt; in young adults with pDCD are associated with weaker proprioceptive afferent inflow shown by decreased N1 amplitude to the frontal and parietal cortices. Such degraded proprioceptive signals are followed by reduced P3 amplitude, suggesting tha","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontal GABA levels associate with musical rhythm production in healthy aging adults","authors":"Mark K. Britton ,&nbsp;Aaron Colverson ,&nbsp;Ronald A. Cohen ,&nbsp;Xavier Velez ,&nbsp;Damon G. Lamb ,&nbsp;Eric C. Porges ,&nbsp;John B. Williamson","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Changes in neuronal inhibition have been implicated in age-related declines in sensorimotor performance. While indirect evidence suggests that inhibitory mechanisms are also involved in rhythm entrainment, this association has not been tested. Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we tested the association between dorsomedial frontal GABA+/H2O concentrations and musical rhythm production in healthy younger (n = 14; 18–35) and older (n = 12; 55–79) adults, hypothesizing that lower GABA+/H2O concentrations would be associated with increased timing error, particularly on more difficult exercises, and intra-individual variability (quantified via mean successive squared difference (MSSD)). Rhythm learning exercises were presented in order of complexity. Linear mixed effects modeling revealed GABA+/H2O-by-exercise number interaction (β = -0.59, p = 0.006) such that participants with lower GABA+/H2O showed greater performance decrement with increasing exercise difficulty. GABA+/H2O trended toward an inverse association with MSSD (β = -0.25, p = 0.089), such that higher GABA+/H2O was associated with lower variability in performance. Older age was associated with increased absolute timing error (β = 0.66, p &lt; 0.001) and greater MSSD (β = 0.86, p = 0.012). However, there was no evidence for age group differences in GABA+/H2O−performance relationships. This finding suggests that GABAergic neuronal inhibition may be important in musical rhythm production across age groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional connectivity in procrastination and emotion regulation","authors":"Keli Li ,&nbsp;Rong Zhang ,&nbsp;Tingyong Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Procrastination, an irrational delay of intended action, leads to numerous adverse effects in many life domains, such as low academic performance, poor mental health, and financial distress. Previous studies have revealed a substantial negative correlation between emotional regulation and procrastination. However, the neural basis for the association between emotion regulation and procrastination remains unclear. Therefore, we employed the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) methods to explore the neural substrates underlying how emotion regulation is responsible for procrastination (<em>N</em> = 243). In line with our hypothesis, the results showed a significant negative correlation between emotion regulation ability and procrastination. Additionally, the VBM analysis showed that emotion regulation ability was positively correlated with gray matter (GM) volumes in the right dorsal-lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). The mediation analysis revealed that emotion regulation ability mediated the relationship between the GM volumes of the right dlPFC and procrastination. Furthermore, the RSFC results indicated that right dlPFC-left insula functional connectivity was positively associated with emotion regulation ability. Emotion regulation ability further mediated the relationship between the right dlPFC-left insula functional connectivity and procrastination. The current findings suggest that the neural pathway related to cognitive control over aversive emotion may be responsible for the close relationship between emotion regulation and procrastination, which provides a novel perspective for explaining the tight association between emotion regulation and procrastination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Separating the FN400 and N400 event-related potential components in masked word priming","authors":"P. Andrew Leynes,&nbsp;Yashvi Verma,&nbsp;Alexandra Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Masked word repetition (priming) increases “old” responses on an episodic recognition test, which has been attributed to more fluent target processing. Such results hinge on comparisons to a control prime that is “fluency-neutral”. A common practice is to use unrelated word primes for this purpose when some evidence suggests that they actually decrease target word processing fluency (disfluency). ERP and behavioral measures were collected in three experiments that used non-letter symbols as a fluency-neutral control and match primes to increase processing fluency. Experiment 1 compared unrelated word primes and orthographically dissimilar nonword primes to determine whether these primes cause disfluency. Experiment 2 contrasted orthographically dissimilar and similar nonword primes. Experiment 3 examined semantically related primes to test theoretical predictions derived from Experiments 1 and 2. All three experiments provide evidence that the FN400 and N400 are distinct ERP components because many primes altered only one of the components. Relative to the control condition, match (Exps 1 &amp; 2) and semantic primes selectively affected N400 amplitudes, whereas unrelated word primes and orthographically dissimilar nonword primes selectively affected FN400 amplitudes. The Unexpected Fluency Attribution model (Mecklinger &amp; Bader, 2020) provides a framework for understanding the cognitive processes associated with each ERP component.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One hour walk improves inhibitory control and increases prefrontal cortex activation","authors":"Elizabeth Roe ,&nbsp;James McIntyre ,&nbsp;Kell Grandjean da Costa ,&nbsp;Julie A. Cantelon ,&nbsp;Tad T. Brunyé ,&nbsp;Grace E. Giles","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regular physical activity is deemed beneficial to physical, cognitive, and emotional health. Walking may be an accessible means of meeting physical activity recommendations and improving cognition. However, exercise effects on cognition are often explored at shorter durations (30 min or less), with fewer studies exploring how cognition is impacted during longer bouts of exercise. 36 (7 women) civilians and active-duty soldiers completed a VO₂ max test and two one-hour walks, one at and one below the ventilatory threshold (VT), on separate days. They completed the Go/No-Go and Task-Switching Tasks before, every 15 min during, and immediately after exercise, while wearing a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system to monitor prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity. Response speed during the Go/No-Go task was improved at VT compared to sub-VT at the expense of task accuracy. FP cortex was deactivated during exercise in the Task-Switching Task, potentially due to the increased competition for resources between the frontal cortex and movement related areas. As a result, exercise at or below VT may improve or impair cognitive performance and activation in executive function-related areas depending on the task type and exercise intensity level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106237"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142631610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ear to the ground! socioeconomic status, environmental stress, and the neural substrate of selective attention","authors":"Amedeo D’Angiulli ,&nbsp;Shanine Kamgang ,&nbsp;Rachelle Humes ,&nbsp;Keren Ighalo ,&nbsp;Renee Baysarowich","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We reanalyzed data originally published by <span><span>Berman and Friedman (1995)</span></span>, who recorded event related potentials (ERPs) while children and adults with low, medium, and high socioeconomic status (SES) detected oddball auditory targets (tones and consonant–vowel sequences) among distractors. The ERP differential measuring how much attention was allocated to the targets vs. distractors increased significantly with SES, independently of age. To explain these findings, we integrate the ear to the ground hypothesis and the socioenvironmental epigenetic stress approach. According to the ear to the ground hypothesis, frequent and prolonged environmental uncertainty and hazard induce low-SES children to learn adaptive over-vigilance, attending disproportionately to stimuli that are currently irrelevant but may quickly become relevant and thus require an immediate survival response. Socioenvironmental epigenetic stress refers to the bidirectional interaction between a stress-inducing environment and the impact and expression of transgenerational gene selections in low-SES contexts. Because low-SES individuals are historically under and misrepresented in research, the proposed framework contributes to increase our understanding of how socioeconomic and environmental conditions may affect neurocognitive development. This offers significant points of entry for future interventions and policies targeting macrosocial settings (i.e., education and the justice system) and microsocial ontogenetic settings (i.e., individuals and families).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106242"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}