Brain and Cognition最新文献

{"title":"Consistency of affective responses to naturalistic stimuli across individuals using intersubject correlation analysis based on neuroimaging data","authors":"Junhyeok Jang,&nbsp;Jongwan Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data obtained for naturalistic emotional stimuli to examine the consistency of neural responses among participants in specific regions related to valence. We reanalyzed fMRI data from 17 participants as they watched episodes of “Sherlock” and used emotional ratings from 125 participants. To determine regions where neural response patterns were synchronized across participants based on the pattern of valence changes, intersubject correlation analysis was conducted. As a validation analysis, multidimensional scaling was conducted to investigate emotional representation for significant regions of interest. The results revealed increased neural synchrony in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, bilateral superior frontal cortex, left posterior cingulate cortex, thalamus, right anterior cingulate cortex, and bilateral inferior frontal cortices during the presentation of positive scenes. Also, the bilateral superior temporal gyrus and bilateral medial temporal gyrus exhibited increased neural synchrony as negative scenes were presented. Moreover, the left inferior frontal cortex and right superior frontal gyrus were found to be engaged in emotion representation and display increased neural synchrony. These findings provide insights into the differential neural responses to emotionally evocative naturalistic stimuli as compared to conventional experimental stimuli. Also, this study highlights the future potential for using intersubject correlation analysis for examining consistency of neural responses to naturalistic stimuli.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143783950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consistent neural representation of valence in encoding and recall","authors":"Hyeonjung Kim,&nbsp;Jongwan Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recall is an act of elicitation of emotions similar to those emotions previously experienced. Unlike the past experiences where external sensory stimuli triggered emotions, recall does not require external sensory stimuli. This difference is pertinent to the key debate in affective representation, addressing whether the representation of valence is consistent across modalities (modality-general) or dependent on modalities (modality-specific). This study aimed to verify neural representations of valence between encoding and recall. Using neuroimaging data from movie watching and recall (Chen et al., 2017) and behavioral data for valence ratings (Kim et al., 2020), a searchlight analysis was conducted with cross-participant regression-based decoding between movie watching and recall. Multidimensional scaling was employed as a validation analysis of the results from searchlight analysis. The searchlight analysis revealed the right middle temporal and inferior temporal gyrus as well as the left fusiform gyrus. The validation analysis further exhibited significant consistent neural representations of valence in the inferior temporal gyrus and the left fusiform gyrus. This study identified the brain regions where valence is consistently represented between encoding and recall about real events. These findings contribute to debate in affective representations, by comparing conditions utilized little in prior, suggesting the inferior temporal gyrus relates to representations of valence during encoding and recalling natural events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the biphasic nature of the N400-P600 complex underlying language comprehension","authors":"Francesca Delogu ,&nbsp;Christoph Aurnhammer ,&nbsp;Harm Brouwer ,&nbsp;Matthew W. Crocker","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ERP literature on language comprehension reveals variability in observing monophasic N400 versus biphasic N400-P600 effects in response to incongruent input, with the reasons for this inconsistency remaining unclear. Two interrelated factors may contribute: spatiotemporal overlap between the N400 and P600, where a strong N400-effect can obscure the P600, and the P600’s sensitivity to depth of processing, as determined by the experimental setting. Building on previous findings reporting monophasic N400-effects with plausibility judgments, we investigated whether comprehension questions, encouraging more natural reading and deeper processing of the full content, would elicit a biphasic effect, suggesting reduced component overlap in such settings. Using a design fully crossing lexical association and plausibility, we found that the N400 is modulated by association and the P600 by plausibility. Crucially, a biphasic pattern emerged for implausible and unrelated words, suggesting a mitigation of component overlap compared to previous studies employing plausibility judgments. We interpret the results in light of current accounts of the N400 and P600, arguing that the empirical evidence strongly supports single-stream over multi-stream models. Importantly, our findings highlight the critical role of both component overlap and task demands in shaping the data that inform the development and evaluation of theoretical models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Word perception and upper-lower visual field asymmetries","authors":"Deborah J. Serrien,&nbsp;Louise O’Regan","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Left-hemispheric lateralisation generally associates with superiority of language processing, facilitated by specialist representational and attentional influences, albeit characterised by individual differences due to handedness. In this research, we examine perceptual processing of linguistic input in left- and right-handers, and assess lateral asymmetries in the vertical dimension that is embedded within upper-lower visual fields. We use a behavioural design with presentation of bilateral stimuli (upper or lower) visual field locations during match and mismatch conditions. The data revealed that both groups were more successful in the upper than lower visual field. However, left- as compared to right-handers demonstrated increased processing in these locations, indicating beneficial effects that point to stronger perceptual responsiveness. The observations are indicative of intrinsic cross-hemispheric biases as well as acquired patterns due to perceptuo-motor experiences. In addition, hand and eye preference facilitated responses in bilateral upper visual field locations. The findings propose intricate connections between manual and attentional control with perceptual asymmetries that are steered by dedicated mechanisms. In conclusion, the data illustrate that hand and eye preference act as mediators that guide responding to visual input within the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Providing an alternative explanation improves misinformation rejection and alters event-related potentials during veracity judgements","authors":"Sean Guo ,&nbsp;Danni Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The continued influence effect of misinformation (CIE) occurs when misinformation affects memory and decision making even after correction. Here, we examined the neurocognitive processes underlying the correction and subsequent veracity judgements of misinformation. Employing electroencephalography (EEG), we examined event-related potentials (ERPs): the P300 during encoding of corrections, and the P300 and FN400 during subsequent veracity judgement. We compared ERPs between three conditions: misinformation that was retracted (retraction only), misinformation that was retracted with a correct alternative cause provided (retraction + alternative), and true information that was later confirmed (confirmation). Results showed that alternatives reduced the CIE significantly. During veracity judgements, the retraction + alternative condition exhibited a higher P300 than the retraction only condition, suggesting enriched recollection processes when re-encountering misinformation if an alternative explanation existed. In contrast, both retraction only and retraction + alternative conditions elicited a less negative FN400 compared to the confirmation condition, suggesting higher conceptual processing fluency of misinformation. Moreover, we found that greater levels of P300 when encoding retraction and alternative causes in the retraction + alternative condition were associated with improved veracity judgement accuracy. Together, these findings suggested that when providing an alternative cause in correcting misinformation, both recollection and encoding processes contributed to reduced CIE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeatability of facial emotion processing over 12 weeks in healthy participants","authors":"Jane B. Allendorfer ,&nbsp;Adam M. Goodman ,&nbsp;M. David Diggs ,&nbsp;Caroline G. Byington ,&nbsp;Rodolphe Nenert ,&nbsp;Gabriella C. Taylor ,&nbsp;Krista Tocco ,&nbsp;Rachel Underwood ,&nbsp;Stephen Correia ,&nbsp;W. Curt LaFrance Jr. ,&nbsp;Jerzy P. Szaflarski","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Few studies have assessed influences of mood state on facial emotion processing changes. We examined if the repeatability of fMRI facial emotional processing in healthy participants (HCs) is affected by mood state changes and hypothesized that fMRI activation would be stable but may be influenced by mood state fluctuations. In a multi-site study, thirty-two HCs underwent emotion faces task (EFT) fMRI and completed a post-scan facial emotion rating and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) ∼ 12 weeks apart. FMRI data were processed using AFNI software. POMS and behavioral data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and the sign test, as appropriate. Paired-samples t-tests, covarying for site, assessed fMRI responses for facial emotions (Happy, Fearful, Sad, Neutral) and Arousal. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) examined repeatability of POMS and fMRI responses; regression analyses examined relationships between mood changes and fMRI activations. There were no significant differences between visits in POMS, EFT performance or post-scan ratings accuracy. POMS scores were stable (ICC ≥ 0.74). FMRI activation exhibited repeatability that was fair or better (ICC ≥ 0.4). EFT activation changes were not significantly related to mood state changes. Our results provide evidence for acceptable EFT fMRI test–retest reliability over 12 weeks, without significant influence of mood state variability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"186 ","pages":"Article 106283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to 24-hour activity cycle and a whole brain volumetric approach in adolescence: A cross-sectional study – The Cogni-Action project","authors":"Carlos Cristi-Montero ,&nbsp;Javier Sanchez-Martinez ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Espinoza-Puelles ,&nbsp;Ricardo Martinez-Flores ,&nbsp;Sam Hernandez-Jaña","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While adherence to the WHO 24-hour movement guidelines has been linked to improved health outcomes, its relationship with brain morphology remains underexplored, particularly in understudied populations such as Latin American adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study examined brain morphology in 58 Chilean adolescents using structural T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Brain volumes, including total gray matter, cortical, subcortical, hippocampal, and amygdala regions, were analyzed. Adherence to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sleep guidelines was assessed via accelerometry, while screen time was self-reported. Linear regression models were used to explore associations between guideline adherence and brain volumes, with p-values corrected using the FDR method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Independently, most adolescents met only the screen time guideline (55 %), while fewer met sleep duration (12 %) or MVPA based on the sample-specific cutoff (27 %), with none meeting the international MVPA criterion. In combination, only 9 % adhered to both sleep and screen time recommendations, and no participants met all three guidelines. Notably, only adherence to screen time recommendations showed a trend-level association with lower total gray matter, cortical, subcortical, hippocampal, and amygdala volumes (FDR p-value &lt; 0.100).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study suggests that adolescents’ daily habits—screen time, physical activity, and sleep—have complex relationships with brain development, which may sometimes diverge from expected patterns, as seen in the case of meeting screen time guidelines. As the first study conducted in Latin American adolescents, these suggests proposes that the relationship between these behaviors and brain development may differ from what has been reported in high-income countries, highlighting the need for further research in diverse socioeconomic and cultural contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 106282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive shifts in pain perception under moral enhancement conditions: Evidence from an EEG study","authors":"He Wang ,&nbsp;Yifei Zhong ,&nbsp;Shuyu Jia ,&nbsp;Yujia Meng ,&nbsp;Xiaohua Bian ,&nbsp;XiuJun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingjie Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In social life, empathy and morality are often viewed as inseparable and mutually reinforcing. Pain empathy is a key form of empathy, and understanding how social moral factors affect pain empathy is an important challenge. This study uses various EEG analysis methods to explore the cognitive and neural mechanisms by which moral enhancement affects pain empathy. Behavioral results showed significantly higher ratings for painful stimuli compared to non-painful ones. ERP analysis revealed that, under moral enhancement, pain stimuli elicited more negative N1 amplitudes and more positive P3 amplitudes. Time-frequency analysis indicated that moral enhancement inhibited theta band activity in response to painful stimuli. Functional connectivity analysis showed stronger connections in the frontal, right temporal, and occipital regions under moral enhancement and in the frontal, right temporal, and parietal regions when viewing painful stimuli. Additionally, machine learning results indicated that functional connections between the right temporal and parietal regions have significant negative predictive power for moral enhancement during painful stimuli. This study reveals the complex effects of moral enhancement on pain-related stimuli, demonstrating that it not only increases adaptability to pain but also enhances moral judgment, offering new insights into the interaction between moral cognition and emotional responses with significant theoretical and practical implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"185 ","pages":"Article 106273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the effects of high autistic traits on neural markers of learning and memory: An EEG approach analysis","authors":"Ellis M. Parsons,&nbsp;Mathew R. Hammerstrom,&nbsp;Anya Nazaroff,&nbsp;Mckinley Kemp,&nbsp;Patrick Montgomery,&nbsp;Sarah Macoun,&nbsp;Olave E. Krigolson","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>A body of electroencephalographic (EEG) research demonstrates that executive functioning (EF) differences exist in autistic people. Here, we aimed to investigate how and to what extent these EF differences appear in people with high autistic traits in contrast to a low autistic traits comparison.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The present study used a series of EEG markers (frontal theta power, frontal beta power, the reward positivity ERP component, and the P300 ERP component) to examine potential differences in EF over the course of gambling and oddball tasks. Qualitative research measures to include the perspectives of the autistic people who took part in the study were also used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>While frontal theta and beta power differed between groups, we observed no significant component or correlational differences. However, it was found that high autistic traits participants perceived their task performance as worse than low autistic traits participants despite task performance being equal across groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>EF differences as measured by frontal theta and beta power were observed across groups. Self-perception of task performance may differ in high autistic traits participants when asked to complete tasks under a time constraint.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural impact of anti-G suits on pilots: Analyzing microstates and functional connectivity","authors":"Bo Chen ,&nbsp;Li Ding ,&nbsp;Shouwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhongqi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Overload represents a significant challenge for pilots in flight, with a substantial impact on flight safety. Currently, the primary method of protection is the utilization of inflatable anti-G suit to address instances where blood is concentrated in the lower extremities. The inflatable air pressure of the anti-G suit varies in response to different overload conditions, which in turn affects the pilot’s sensory and brain loads. However, this change has not yet been fully explored. To investigate the neural effects of pressure from the anti-G suit under different degrees of overload, this paper employs a pressurized simulation methodology. The subjects’ brain state changes during the simulation are measured through electroencephalogram (EEG), and comparative calculations are performed using microstate and functional connectivity. The final results demonstrate that varying inflation levels of the bladder anti-G suit can influence the microstate and functional connectivity. The Duration, Coverage, Occurrence, and transition probability (TP) characteristics of microstate C demonstrated significant variance across three distinct levels of overload. The mean increase in Phase Locking Value (PLV) for overload 3 relative to the absence of overload was 13.8%, and the number of channel synchronizations underwent a transition from 7 to 62.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 106269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143147931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}