Brain and Cognition最新文献

Exploring facial expression processing with fast periodic visual stimulation and diverse stimuli 快速周期性视觉刺激和多样化刺激下的面部表情加工研究

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Brain and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106338

David Vandenheever , Haleigh Davidson , Jennifer Kemp , Zack Murphy , Autumn Kujawa , Jingyi Shi , Michael R. Nadorff , Kayla Bates-Brantley , MacKenzie Sidwell

{"title":"Exploring facial expression processing with fast periodic visual stimulation and diverse stimuli","authors":"David Vandenheever , Haleigh Davidson , Jennifer Kemp , Zack Murphy , Autumn Kujawa , Jingyi Shi , Michael R. Nadorff , Kayla Bates-Brantley , MacKenzie Sidwell","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Facial expression recognition is a fundamental aspect of human social interaction, enabling effective communication and emotional understanding. Fast Periodic Visual Stimulation (FPVS) paradigms have recently emerged as a powerful approach for studying facial expression processing. However, previous studies often utilized identical base stimuli, making it difficult to disentangle neural responses to low-level perceptual differences from those reflecting conceptual discrimination of emotion. By introducing variability in our stimuli, we aimed to overcome these limitations and investigate neural responses to facial expressions of anger, fear, happiness, and sadness. Using EEG, robust oddball responses were observed across participants at both individual and group levels, demonstrating the paradigm’s sensitivity even with brief recordings and limited post-processing. Significant neural responses were detected across key regions of interest, with the occipital and right occipito-temporal regions showing increased activity, consistent with previous studies investigating facial expression processing. This study highlights the effectiveness of the FPVS paradigm for examining emotional processing using naturalistic stimuli and provides a framework for future research into neural mechanisms underlying facial emotion recognition in diverse and pathological populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 106338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Did increasing brain size place early humans at risk of extinction? 大脑体积的增大是否使早期人类面临灭绝的危险？

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Brain and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106336

Jeffrey M. Stibel

{"title":"Did increasing brain size place early humans at risk of extinction?","authors":"Jeffrey M. Stibel","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increasing brain size is a hallmark of human evolution. While a larger brain offers evolutionary advantages driven by social and cognitive adaptations, it also imposes considerable energetic, metabolic, and thermoregulatory costs. As a result, brain size may have biological limits that impose survival pressures during periods of extreme environmental change. Here, temporal trends in absolute brain size across the genus <em>Homo</em> are analyzed, with a focus on a marked slowdown in growth beginning around 300,000 years ago<strong>.</strong> The results suggest that strong directional selection for brain expansion in early <em>Homo</em> was followed by a shift toward stabilizing selection in later populations. Comparisons across glacial and interglacial periods indicate that the physiological costs of large brains may have become especially disadvantageous during warming interglacial periods in the last 100,000 years, potentially increasing extinction risk. This evolutionary shift coincides with the emergence of cognitive and cultural innovations—such as symbolic tools and language—that may have enabled cognitive offloading, reducing selective pressure for continued encephalization. Together, these findings support the hypothesis that stabilizing selection, mediated in part by behavioral and technological adaptations, buffered later <em>Homo</em> populations against the ecological and physiological costs associated with large brains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144623865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flight training-induced stage-specific reorganization of the ventral visual network in pilots: evidence from longitudinal and cross-sectional studies 飞行训练诱导的飞行员腹侧视觉网络的阶段特异性重组：来自纵向和横断面研究的证据

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Brain and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106337

Shicong Zhang , Xi Chen , Shuqi Guo , Zhuyu Zhang , Peiran Xu , Qingbin Meng , Jiaqi Hao , Qi Chu , Xiuyi Li

{"title":"Flight training-induced stage-specific reorganization of the ventral visual network in pilots: evidence from longitudinal and cross-sectional studies","authors":"Shicong Zhang , Xi Chen , Shuqi Guo , Zhuyu Zhang , Peiran Xu , Qingbin Meng , Jiaqi Hao , Qi Chu , Xiuyi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aviation safety critically depends on pilots’ visual processing abilities. Understanding the plasticity of its neural mechanisms can inform flight training optimization. This study used longitudinal and cross-sectional designs to investigate how long-term flight training affects functional reorganization within the ventral and dorsal visual networks. Multimodal MRI data were collected from 136 participants across two experiments: Experiment 1 (25 flight cadets, 24 controls) and Experiment 2 (48 pilots, 39 controls). Longitudinal analysis showed that cadets exhibited a significant decrease in ventral network clustering coefficient and local efficiency after three years of training (population × time interaction). Cross-sectional results revealed that professional pilots had reduced small-worldness and global efficiency in the ventral network, both negatively correlated with flight hours, while characteristic path length was positively correlated. No significant differences were observed in the dorsal visual network. These findings suggest that flight training induces stage-specific topological remodeling of the ventral visual network, possibly through local pruning and enhanced global integration. Moreover, the ventral network demonstrates greater sensitivity to flight-related experience than the dorsal pathway. This study advances understanding of neural adaptation in aviation and offers insights into stage-specific training strategies for optimizing pilot performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The same label, different processes: What lies behind the term “mental simulation” in the embodied cognition literature? 相同的标签，不同的过程：在具身认知文献中，“心理模拟”一词的背后隐藏着什么？

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Brain and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106335

Mara Stockner , Giuliana Mazzoni , Denis Perrin , Francesco Ianì

{"title":"The same label, different processes: What lies behind the term “mental simulation” in the embodied cognition literature?","authors":"Mara Stockner , Giuliana Mazzoni , Denis Perrin , Francesco Ianì","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over recent decades, cognitive science has increasingly focused on the theory of “Embodied Cognition”<em>,</em> an “umbrella” term that encompasses several often non-converging approaches. A main construct underlying these approaches is the notion of “Mental Simulation”. This paper argues that mental simulation is far from being a unitary construct and proposes a taxonomy in which different types of mental simulations are placed on a continuum, making it possible to disentangle the complex nature of mental simulation. To support this taxonomy empirically, a series of studies are reviewed showing that mental simulation is a fundamental cognitive process, underlying several abilities (e.g., action observation, language comprehension, mental imagery). Although the same label is used in different domains, the literature review supports the necessity to distinguish mental simulations on at least two dimensions, namely <em>the process</em> and the <em>result</em> of this process. The process can be automatic or voluntary, fast or slow; the outcome can range from a mental representation to motor resonance. Our analysis underscores the importance of a nuanced understanding of the cognitive, phenomenological and neural aspects of mental simulation. This helps clarify the state of knowledge in this domain while the taxonomy provides future research with a solid conceptual ground.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can you spot the funny face? An EEG study on slapstick humour processing in children 你能认出那张滑稽的脸吗？儿童闹剧幽默加工的脑电图研究

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Brain and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106334

Mirella Manfredi , Ebru Ger , Fabian Dietler , Alice Mado Proverbio , Moritz M. Daum

{"title":"Can you spot the funny face? An EEG study on slapstick humour processing in children","authors":"Mirella Manfredi , Ebru Ger , Fabian Dietler , Alice Mado Proverbio , Moritz M. Daum","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the neural correlates of slapstick humour recognition in 4- to 5-year-old children using electroencephalography (EEG). We asked whether the development of facial expression recognition affects the capacity to identify humour in situations involving misfortune. The children completed two tasks: an Emotion Recognition Task (EmoRec), in which the children had to identify congruent and incongruent emotional expressions, and a Humour Recognition Task (HumRec), in which they were asked to distinguish humorous from non-humorous misfortunate situations. We identified specific neural correlates associated with slapstick humour processing (N170, LP) and neural correlates related to face processing (N170, P300). This suggests that children between the ages of 4 and 5 recognised emotions in faces and identified humorous information in misfortunate situations. In addition, the neural activity was correlated with humour and facial emotion recognition. This supports the hypothesis that emotional recognition contributes to understanding slapstick humour in early childhood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstate analysis in infancy: Examining infant brain at rest and during experimental tasks 婴儿的微观状态分析：在休息和实验任务中检查婴儿大脑

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Brain and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-06-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106333

Kara L. McDevitt, Maria A. Gartstein

{"title":"Microstate analysis in infancy: Examining infant brain at rest and during experimental tasks","authors":"Kara L. McDevitt, Maria A. Gartstein","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microstates are brief, stable states of spatial topography that are measured with electroencephalography (EEG) and thought to capture whole-brain activation patterns. EEG microstates have been associated with functional networks measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in adult populations. Microstate analysis offers a unique opportunity to measure brain activity, capturing whole-brain dynamics with superior temporal sensitivity as infants engage in cognitive and emotionally salient tasks. Additionally, comparison of microstates between infants and the adult literature provide insight into functional network emergence and development. The current study examined microstates in 61 infants (ages 6–12 months) utilized a wakeful resting task in addition to laboratory tasks designed to elicit cognitive and emotional responses. The EEG microstate topographies and parameters were compared within these tasks and across activities. It was hypothesized that microstates would be extracted from infant EEG data, with resting (or baseline) topographies providing replication of previous work (<span><span>Brown & Gartstein, 2023</span></span>). It was hypothesized that the experimental tasks would produce four microstates similar in topography to the resting task, eliciting a calm/alert state, and that parameters would differ within and across tasks depending on the underlying functional networks needed to process information specific to each activity. Similar topographies were found across tasks and were consistent with the adult literature. Topographies and parameters differed in comparisons within and across tasks consistent with the associated functional networks. These findings point to the usefulness of microstate analysis in measuring emotional processing and cognition and how these emerge as a function of brain development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106333"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144500852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of regional white matter hyperintensities and β-amyloid on domain-specific cognition and progression to dementia 区域白质高信号和β-淀粉样蛋白对区域特异性认知和痴呆进展的影响

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Brain and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106332

Cameron Mavericks Choo , Chin Hong Tan , for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

{"title":"Effects of regional white matter hyperintensities and β-amyloid on domain-specific cognition and progression to dementia","authors":"Cameron Mavericks Choo , Chin Hong Tan , for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and cerebral <em>β</em>-amyloid (<em>Aβ</em>) have been characterized as clinically significant biomarkers associated with greater cognitive decline and incidence of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) dementia. However, it remains unclear how their regional manifestations co-contribute to domain-specific cognition and dementia onset. We investigated 200 cognitively normal (CN) and 523 individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We first quantified regional WMHs and <em>Aβ</em> accumulation in the four cerebral lobes. Next, we evaluated the effects of both WMHs and <em>Aβ</em> in each lobe on memory, executive function (EF), language, and visuospatial function. We used Cox proportional hazard models to determine the contributions of both regional WMHs and <em>Aβ</em> to dementia progression. In CN individuals, greater WMHs in parietal and temporal regions were associated with poorer EF beyond <em>Aβ</em>. In MCI individuals, greater <em>Aβ</em> burden in all lobes were associated with poorer memory, EF, and language abilities beyond WMHs. Lastly, both greater occipital WMHs and <em>Aβ</em> predicted progression to dementia. Temporo-parietal WMHs may drive early decline in EF beyond regional <em>Aβ</em>, while occipital WMHs play a critical role in disease progression to AD dementia beyond regional <em>Aβ</em>, highlighting the complex interplay of regional WMHs and <em>Aβ</em> on domain-specific cognitive and clinical function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pre-pandemic food inhibitory control and overeating during COVID-19: A longitudinal fMRI study COVID-19期间大流行前食物抑制控制和暴饮暴食：一项纵向功能磁共振成像研究

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Brain and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106331

Yong Liu , Wei Li , Yazhi Pang , Ximei Chen , Jia Zhao , Yuanluo Jing , Hong Chen

{"title":"Pre-pandemic food inhibitory control and overeating during COVID-19: A longitudinal fMRI study","authors":"Yong Liu , Wei Li , Yazhi Pang , Ximei Chen , Jia Zhao , Yuanluo Jing , Hong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted physical and mental health, with overeating becoming a prevalent issue, characterized by excessive food consumption and a tendency to continue eating despite feeling full. This study examined the relationship between pre-pandemic food-related inhibitory control and overeating during the pandemic. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and a behavioral food go/no-go task were conducted prior to the pandemic in 745 college students. Inhibitory control data were collected before the pandemic, and overeating was measured during its peak. Correlation analysis revealed a positive link between food inhibitory control and brain regions related to cognitive control, including the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC), and a negative link to reward-related regions (e.g., postcentral gyrus, precuneus, lingual cortex). Additionally, functional connectivity between the precuneus and lingual cortex negatively correlated with inhibitory control. Longitudinal mediation models showed that the effect of inhibitory control on overeating was mediated by the VLPFC and ACC. This study is the first to explore the relationship between food inhibitory control and overeating during the pandemic, offering insights into the role of inhibitory control in eating behaviors and its potential implications for promoting healthier eating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Positive school climate boosts children’s reading achievement, mental health and cortical thinning 积极的学校氛围能促进儿童的阅读成绩、心理健康和大脑皮层变薄

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Brain and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106330

Leilei Ma , Yuhan Yang , Yuxuan Chen , Yingfei Lu , Xiaoyu Ren , Rui Chen , Min Jiang , Yanpei Wang , Weiwei Men , Shuping Tan , Jia-Hong Gao , Shaozheng Qin , Yong He , Qi Dong , Sha Tao

{"title":"Positive school climate boosts children’s reading achievement, mental health and cortical thinning","authors":"Leilei Ma , Yuhan Yang , Yuxuan Chen , Yingfei Lu , Xiaoyu Ren , Rui Chen , Min Jiang , Yanpei Wang , Weiwei Men , Shuping Tan , Jia-Hong Gao , Shaozheng Qin , Yong He , Qi Dong , Sha Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Growing evidence underscores school climate as an important protective factor for children’s academic achievement and mental health. However, whether and how school climate impacts child development from behavioral to brain has remained largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the protective roles of school climate in children’s reading achievement, mental health, and cortical thickness. Behavioral and neuroimaging data were obtained from 400 children aged 6–12 years (mean age = 9.65 years). First, results showed that a positive school climate was significantly associated with better reading performance and reduced internalizing/externalizing problems. Notably, school climate compensated for disadvantaged family environments, particularly among children with less educated parents. Second, externalizing problems significantly mediated the link between school climate and reading achievement. Third, compared with their peers, children from schools with more positive climate showed accelerated cortical thinning in the lingual/ pericalcarine/ cuneus and postcentral regions, the hubs for visual processing and sensorimotor integration. Fourth, the cortical thickness of the lingual/ pericalcarine/cuneus and postcentral gyri significantly mediated the role of school climate in reading achievement. These results highlight school climate as a multi-level protective factor that fosters academic resilience via behavioral regulation and cortical thinning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 106330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How distinct autism and schizotypal trait dimensions influence neural predictive processing: An Event-related potential study 自闭症和分裂型特质维度如何影响神经预测加工：事件相关电位研究

IF 2.2 3区心理学

Brain and Cognition Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106329

Prune Mazer , Rita Pasion , Melissa Fontes , Cristiana Pires , Celeste Silveira , Fernando Ferreira-Santos

{"title":"How distinct autism and schizotypal trait dimensions influence neural predictive processing: An Event-related potential study","authors":"Prune Mazer , Rita Pasion , Melissa Fontes , Cristiana Pires , Celeste Silveira , Fernando Ferreira-Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Predictive Processing framework offers insights into the neural mechanisms underlying autism and schizophrenia spectra. This study employed visual and auditory oddball tasks with varying difficulty levels to test whether brain-responses to unexpected events are different within these spectra. A total of 122 participants underwent EEG recordings and completed self-reports of autistic and schizotypal traits. Results showed that increased task difficulty significantly reduced P300 amplitudes across both sensory modalities. Higher Restricted Interests and Detail Orientation autistic traits were associated with enhanced N2 amplitudes in the difficult visual task, but there were no effects in the P300 time-window. Bayesian analyses yielded moderate evidence against any reliable association between P300 amplitudes and both autistic traits and schizotypy. Early auditory N1-P2 showed no credible relationships with schizotypal traits and only weak, task–dependent associations with autistic communication difficulties. Our study contributes to the growing literature on neural variability in autism and schizophrenia, emphasizing the importance of symptom-specific research and paving the way for more targeted investigations on predictive processing mechanisms. Moreover, the divergent findings for communication versus restricted-interests traits strengthen proposals that social and non-social dimensions in autism rely on distinct neural processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"188 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0