Brain and Cognition最新文献

{"title":"A single bout of aerobic exercise does not alter inhibitory control preparatory set cerebral hemodynamics: Evidence from the antisaccade task","authors":"Gianna Jeyarajan ,&nbsp;Azar Ayaz ,&nbsp;Fabian Herold ,&nbsp;Liye Zou ,&nbsp;Matthew Heath","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A single bout of exercise improves executive function (EF) and is a benefit – in part –attributed to an exercise-mediated increase in cerebral blood flow enhancing neural efficiency. Limited work has used an event-related protocol to examine postexercise changes in preparatory phase cerebral hemodynamics for an EF task. This is salient given the <em>neural efficiency</em> hypothesis’ assertion that improved EF is related to decreased brain activity. Here, event-related transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to measure pro- (saccade to target) and antisaccades (saccade mirror-symmetrical target) preparatory phase middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) prior to and immediately after 15-min of aerobic exercise. Antisaccades produced longer reaction times (RT) and an increased preparatory phase MCAv than prosaccades – a result attributed to greater EF neural activity for antisaccades. Antisaccades selectively produced a postexercise RT reduction (ps &lt; 0.01); however, antisaccade preparatory phase MCAv did not vary from pre- to postexercise (p=0.53) and did not correlate with the antisaccade RT benefit (p = 0.31). Accordingly, results provide no evidence that improved neural efficiency indexed via functional hyperemia is linked to a postexercise EF behavioural benefit. Instead, results support an evolving view that an EF benefit represents the additive interplay between interdependent exercise-mediated neurophysiological changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"179 ","pages":"Article 106182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141195388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why creatives don’t find the oddball odd: Neural and psychological evidence for atypical salience processing","authors":"Madeleine E. Gross ,&nbsp;James C. Elliott ,&nbsp;Jonathan W. Schooler","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Creativity has previously been linked with various attentional phenomena, including unfocused or broad attention. Although this has typically been interpreted through an executive functioning framework, such phenomena may also arise from atypical incentive salience processing. Across two studies, we examine this hypothesis both neurally and psychologically. First we examine the relationship between figural creativity and event-related potentials during an audio-visual oddball task, finding that rater creativity of drawings is associated with a diminished P300 response at midline electrodes, while abstractness and elaborateness of the drawings is associated with an altered distribution of the P300 over posterior electrodes. These findings support the notion that creativity may involve an atypical attribution of salience to prominent information. We further explore the incentive salience hypothesis by examining relationships between creativity and a psychological indicator of incentive salience captured by participants' ratings of enjoyment (liking) and their motivation to pursue (wanting) diverse real world rewards, as well as their positive spontaneous thoughts about those rewards. Here we find enhanced motivation to pursue activities as well as a reduced relationship between the overall tendency to enjoy rewards and the tendency to pursue them. Collectively, these findings indicate that creativity may be associated with atypical allocation of attentional and motivational resources to novel and rewarding information, potentially allowing more types of information access to attentional resources and motivating more diverse behaviors. We discuss the possibility that salience attribution in creatives may be less dependent on task-relevance or hedonic pleasure, and suggest that atypical salience attribution may represent a trait-like feature of creativity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278262624000551/pdfft?md5=0b0a6acf7194e06b83cf975ee06f8eb4&pid=1-s2.0-S0278262624000551-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrophysiological responses of audiovisual integration from infancy to adulthood","authors":"Phetsamone Vannasing ,&nbsp;Emmanuelle Dionne-Dostie ,&nbsp;Julie Tremblay ,&nbsp;Natacha Paquette ,&nbsp;Olivier Collignon ,&nbsp;Anne Gallagher","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Our ability to merge information from different senses into a unified percept is a crucial perceptual process for efficient interaction with our multisensory environment. Yet, the developmental process underlying how the brain implements multisensory integration (MSI) remains poorly known. This cross-sectional study aims to characterize the developmental patterns of audiovisual events in 131 individuals aged from 3 months to 30 years. Electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded during a passive task, including simple auditory, visual, and audiovisual stimuli. In addition to examining age-related variations in MSI responses, we investigated Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) linked with auditory and visual stimulation alone. This was done to depict the typical developmental trajectory of unisensory processing from infancy to adulthood within our sample and to contextualize the maturation effects of MSI in relation to unisensory development. Comparing the neural response to audiovisual stimuli to the sum of the unisensory responses revealed signs of MSI in the ERPs, more specifically between the P2 and N2 components (P2 effect). Furthermore, adult-like MSI responses emerge relatively late in the development, around 8 years old. The automatic integration of simple audiovisual stimuli is a long developmental process that emerges during childhood and continues to mature during adolescence with ERP latencies decreasing with age.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278262624000575/pdfft?md5=075f3b5e26c3ab24f4af9aa02c6b1108&pid=1-s2.0-S0278262624000575-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The lateralized effects of Parkinson’s Disease on motor imagery: Evidence from mental chronometry","authors":"Kathryn J.M. Lambert ,&nbsp;Anthony Singhal ,&nbsp;Ada W.S. Leung","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alterations to the content of action representations may contribute to the movement challenges that characterize Parkinson’s Disease (PD). One way to investigate action representations is through motor imagery. As PD motor symptoms typically have a unilateral onset, disease-related deficits related to action representations may follow a similarly lateralized pattern. The present study examined if temporal accuracy of motor imagery in individuals with PD differed according to the side of the body involved in the task. Thirty-eight participants with PD completed a mental chronometry task using their more affected and less affected side. Participants had significantly shorter mental versus physical movement times for the more affected. Higher imagery vividness in the kinaesthetic domain predicted shorter mental versus physical movement times for the more affected side, as did lower imagery vividness in the visual domain and poorer cognitive function. These results indicate that people with PD imagine movements differently when the target actions their more affected versus less affected side. It is additionally possible that side-specific deficits in the accurate processing of kinaesthetic information lead to an increased reliance on visual processes and cognitive resources to successfully execute motor imagery involving the more affected side.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278262624000587/pdfft?md5=cac507c27e5d938a1c59d9b3489cd271&pid=1-s2.0-S0278262624000587-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141095758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrophysiological differences in inhibitory control processing between collegiate level soccer players and non-athletes in the absence of performance differences","authors":"Zai-Fu Yao ,&nbsp;Hao-Lun Fu ,&nbsp;Chien-Wei Liang ,&nbsp;Yu-Jui Li ,&nbsp;Chun-Hao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inhibitory control, the ability to manage conflicting responses and suppress inappropriate actions, is crucial for team sports athletes, including soccer players. While previous studies have shown that soccer players possess superior inhibitory control, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this advantage remain unclear. Thus, this research aimed to investigate the neural processes involved in conflict resolution and response inhibition, comparing collegiate level soccer players with non-athletes. Participants completed a novel go/no-go task that involved conflict resolution and response inhibition, while their electroencephalograms were recorded. Despite no significant difference in behavioral performance between the two groups, soccer players exhibited notable N2 and frontal midline theta modulations in response to conflict resolution and inhibition, which were comparatively weaker in non-athletes. Our findings suggest that expertise in team sports may enhance neural sensitivity to subtle yet significant information, even without a discernible behavioral advantage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141090072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress from early life to adulthood: Is there a protective role of cognitive control?","authors":"Mauro F. Larra ,&nbsp;Patrick D. Gajewski ,&nbsp;Stephan Getzmann ,&nbsp;Edmund Wascher ,&nbsp;Yannick Metzler","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Early life events can have long-lasting effects that may impact the quality of life into adulthood. The link between childhood adversities and adult mental and physical health is well documented, however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Executive functions are assumed to be a key factor in successfully dealing with cognitive-emotional challenges thereby contributing to stress resilience and mental health across the lifespan. Here, we examined whether cognitive control moderates the link between early life adversity and depression. Data was available from a sample of 424 participants aged 20–70 years (<span>Clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg>: NCT05155397). They performed in the Stroop task and behavior as well as frontal theta power were recorded. Negative childhood experiences were assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), chronic stress was measured with the Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress (TICS) and depression symptoms with Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI). The CTQ predicted symptoms of chronic stress and depression. Regression models pointed to the TICS as a crucial mediator in the relationship between CTQ and BDI. However, parameters of cognitive control demonstrated a rather weak effect as moderators. These results indicate that chronic stress is an important mediator linking childhood trauma to depression but suggest only a limited role for cognitive control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106165"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278262624000423/pdfft?md5=409daed7b7c40a6eac07974a98ca6442&pid=1-s2.0-S0278262624000423-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140950173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerometer-based and self-reported physical activity and sedentary time and their relationships with the P300 in a Go/No-Go task in older adults","authors":"Brittney Thompson ,&nbsp;Melissa Meynadasy ,&nbsp;Greg Hajcak ,&nbsp;C.J. Brush","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Older adults who experience cognitive decline are more likely to have a reduced quality of life. Identifying lifestyle factors that may influence cognitive processing and in turn improve quality of life during older adulthood is an important area of interest. Cognitive function, as measured by the P300 event-related potential (ERP), has been noted to be modified by physical activity; however, no study to date has examined relationships between this neurophysiological measure and physical activity and sedentary time in older adults. Furthermore, there is a gap in understanding as to whether physical activity and sedentary time assessed using self-reported and accelerometer-based methods similarly relate to the P300. This study aimed to assess the P300 during a Go/No-Go task in relation to self-reported and accelerometer-based physical activity and sedentary time in a community sample of 75 older adults. Results indicated that participants engaging in more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity had larger P300 amplitudes across self-reported and accelerometer-based measurements; however, no relationships between sedentary time and P300 amplitude were observed. Notably, accelerometer-based moderate-to-vigorous physical activity explained P300 amplitudes over and above self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity—an effect that remained significant even after accounting for age. Although these results highlight the importance of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in relation to cognitive function, as measured via the P300 in older adults, a secondary analysis indicated that engaging in lifestyle activity may have similar effects on the P300 as moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. In sum, the present study highlights the role of habitual engagement in physical activity as a possible means for supporting cognitive function during the aging process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140946997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring neural correlates of social dominance: Insights from behavioral, resting- state EEG, and ERP indices","authors":"Hadi Mohamadpour ,&nbsp;Farhad Farkhondeh Tale Navi ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Asgharian Asl ,&nbsp;Soomaayeh Heysieattalab ,&nbsp;Elmira Shakeri ,&nbsp;Leyla Karami Isheqlou","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Numerous studies have explored the concept of social dominance and its implications for leadership within the behavioral and cognitive sciences in recent years. The current study aims to address the gap regarding the neural correlates of social dominance by investigating the associations between psychological measures of social dominance and neural features among a sample of leaders. Thirty healthy male volunteers engaged in a monetary gambling task while their resting-state and task-based electroencephalography data were recorded. The results revealed a positive association between social dominance and resting-state beta oscillations in central electrodes. Furthermore, a negative association was observed between social dominance and task-based reaction time as well as the amplitude of the feedback-related negativity component of the event-related potentials during the gain, but not the loss condition. These findings suggest that social dominance is associated with enhanced reward processing which has implications for social and interpersonal interactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140946610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The tail of the caudate is sensitive to both gain and loss feedback during information integration categorization","authors":"Zhiya Liu ,&nbsp;Lixue Cai ,&nbsp;Chen Liu ,&nbsp;Carol A. Seger","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although most category learning studies use feedback for training, little attention has been paid to how individuals utilize feedback implemented as gains or losses during categorization. We compared skilled categorization under three different conditions: Gain (earn points for correct answers), Gain and Loss (earn points for correct answers and lose points for wrong answers) and Correct or Wrong (accuracy feedback only). We also manipulated difficulty and point value, with near boundary stimuli having the highest number of points to win or lose, and stimuli far from the boundary having the lowest point value. We found that the tail of the caudate was sensitive to feedback condition, with highest activity when both Gain and Loss feedback were present and least activity when only Gain or accuracy feedback was present. We also found that activity across the caudate was affected by distance from the decision bound, with greatest activity for the near boundary high value stimuli, and lowest for far low value stimuli. Overall these results indicate that the tail of the caudate is sensitive not only to positive rewards but also to loss and punishment, consistent with recent animal research finding tail of the caudate activity in aversive learning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"178 ","pages":"Article 106166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140909495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social power modulates individuals’ neural responses to monetary and social rewards","authors":"Yuying He ,&nbsp;Xiaoyang Huang ,&nbsp;Entao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although previous research has shown that social power modulates individuals’ sensitivity to rewards, it is currently unclear whether social power increases or decreases individuals’ sensitivity to rewards. This study employed event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate the effects of social power on individuals’ neural responses to monetary and social rewards. Specifically, participants underwent an episodic priming task to manipulate social power (high-power vs. low-power) and then completed monetary and social delayed incentive tasks while their behavioral responses and electroencephalograms (EEG) were recorded. According to ERP analysis, during the anticipatory stage, low-power individuals exhibited a greater cue-P3 amplitude than high-power individuals in both monetary and social tasks. In the consummatory stage, though no impact of social power on the reward positivity (RewP) was found, low-power individuals showed a higher feedback-P3 (FB-P3) amplitude than high-power individuals, regardless of task types (the MID and SID tasks). In conclusion, these results provide evidence that social power might decrease one’s sensitivity to monetary and social rewards in both the anticipatory and consummatory stages.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 106167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140825250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}