Brazilian Journal of Biology最新文献

{"title":"Hydrogel alleviates the stressful effect drought in Schinus terebinthifolia and helps with post-stress recovery.","authors":"C C Santos, F A Beltramin, W C Silva, J M Silverio, S P Q Scalon, F H de Souza, V G Holsbaque, R A L Janse","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.289691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.289691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of hydrogel has been a viable and promising management strategy for forest seedlings. We aimed to evaluate the effect of hydrogel on Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi seedlings subjected to water deficit and after normal water supply post-stress. The water management evaluated were: i) Control: plants irrigated daily, ii) Drought: water deficit (irrigation suspension), and iii) Drought + hydrogel: addition of the polymer when transplanting seedlings. Assessments were carried out in three periods: (a) P1 - photosynthesis (A) was monitored until plants in one of the drought water regimes presented values ​​close to 1.0 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1, (b) Recovery (REC) - after P1, seedlings were subjected to resumption of irrigation similar to control, until plants previously subjected to drought without or with hydrogel showed to A ≥ 70% at control. In Post-Rec (c) - at end of REC, the seedlings received + 90 days of irrigation. The quantum photochemical potential efficiency in photosystem II and absorbed energy conversion remained higher with hydrogel in P1. The hydrogel alleviates the stressful effect drought on physiology of seedlings, mitigating the reduction of photosynthesis in P1 and contributes for recovery of growth characteristics, biomass and quality of seedlings in the Post-Rec. S. terebinthifolia seedlings showed phenotypic plasticity with potential of resilience for their recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e289691"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socioeconomic profile and environmental perception of Amazon beach users about solid waste.","authors":"M G Amazonas, M L G Araújo, K C Yamamoto, N N Soares, O F Matos, J Aguiar-Santos, D Ribeiro-Brasil, A T Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.290323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.290323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies on environmental perception can contribute to managing solid waste on beaches, as they elucidate the nuances of the interaction between humans and the environment, highlighting the necessary transformations aligned with user preferences. The objective was to determine the socioeconomic profile of users and identify these actors environmental perceptions of solid waste of bathers on the beaches of Rio Negro and identify their environmental perception about the incorrect disposal of solid waste in these environments. Interviews were conducted on Ponta Negra, Lua, Tupé and Paricatuba beaches. Women predominated on Ponta Negra and Lua beaches, and men on Paricatuba and Tupé. On the Tupé and Lua beaches, people between 31 and 40 years old stood out. The majority (70%) responded that they completed high school and received up to two minimum wages. Users frequent Ponta Negra beach during the high-water season and the naturally formed beaches in the low waters of the Rio Negro. Most seek out beaches as leisure and consider cleanliness an essential factor. More than 80% stated that they do not leave trash on the beach, in practice, this information was not observed. Plastic was the main item reported. We evidenced that users have little awareness regarding environmental education on Amazon beaches and that educational actions must be carried out.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"84 ","pages":"e290323"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New host and injury characterization of Atrypanius lignarius (Bates, 1864) (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae).","authors":"N C Oliveira, S Machry, R S Camargo, G F G Olivo, M F Nicoletti, J C Zanuncio, J O Silva Júnior","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.288749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.288749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The subfamily Lamiinae, with global distribution, includes the genus Atrypanius (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). The objective was to register, for the first time, Atrypanius lignarius (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) as a pest in a commercial plantation of Paulownia fortunei var. mikado. Plants of Paulownia fortunei var. mikado with larvae in galleries, excavated in their stems and causing considerable injuries, were examined. These larvae were maintained, in the laboratory, and the adults emerged identified as A. lignarius. Injuries caused by this pest included yellowing and premature leaf drop. Atrypanius lignarius was identified as a pest of adult P. fortunei var. mikado plants in Santa Catarina state, Brazil. The demand for wood from this plant increases the importance of strategies to mitigate injuries caused by A. lignarius.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"84 ","pages":"e288749"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial DNA: a promising tool for characterising the population of the Tiúba stingless bee, Melipona fasciculata (Apidae, Meliponini).","authors":"R N Sousa, G G Santos, S L Nogueira, G C Fernandes, B F S De Sousa, J R S Barros","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.288003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.288003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Melipona fasciculata popularly known as Tiúba, is a specie of stingless bee that is distributed in the north of Brazil, over-represented in Maranhão State. This bee is of great importance to stingless bees (SLB) beekeepers, as it produces a large quantity of honey with an excellent taste. The genetic diversity of the Tiúba populations was examined with molecular approach using the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) marker. A total of 30 samples from cities in Maranhão State were analysed for the mtDNA intergenic region located between the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI). The molecular analyses identified 8 haplotypes, 3 of which are shared between locations, where the commercialization of beehives is very common and the commercialization of beehives is very common. The populations of Imperatriz and São Bento have the highest diversity indices, and the neutrality tests showed that the populations might be expansion. The fixation index of the study populations showed a high differentiation rate of 0.6218. These Tiúba populations exhibit a high level of genetic structuring, as well as potentially being in a population expansion phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"84 ","pages":"e288003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence of phytoplasma in Chaya an ancient Maya edible plant.","authors":"G Nic-Matos, I Córdova-Lara, L Sáenz-Carbonell","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.282086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.282086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cnidoscolus aconitifolius ssp. aconitifolius and C. souzae are shrubs that are widely distributed in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico. In recent years, they have shown symptoms characteristic of phytoplasma infection. Therefore, they were screened for the presence of phytoplasma using nested PCR with P1 and P7 primers, followed by R16F2n/R16R2 primers for universal phytoplasma detection. Through this protocol, phytoplasma was detected in both species that exhibited symptoms of infection. Sequence analysis, virtual RFLPs, and a phylogenetic tree confirmed that the Cnidoscolus species analyzed and sequenced are infected by phytoplasmas similar to those that infect cassava, belonging to subgroups 16SrIII-L. This study is the first to report the presence of phytoplasmas in chaya species.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"84 ","pages":"e282086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive biology and habitat characterization of the Scorpion Mud Turtle Kinosternon scorpioides (Linnaeus, 1766) in the Amazon-Cerrado ecotone region, northeastern Brazil.","authors":"A M Medeiros, C A L Rodrigues, E P Pereira, F A G Cunha, D I S Ferreira, E P Chaves, L P F A Chaves, B C Lima, L A Pereira, A L Sousa","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.285306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.285306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we sampled populations of Scorpion Mud Turtles, Kinosternon scorpioides, in rivers and flooded plains of the eastern Brazilian Amazon in order to obtain information on its reproductive biology as well as the geospatial description of its habitat. The research was conducted in the basins of the Pericumã and Aurá Rivers, located in the environmental protection area of the Baixada Maranhense. Seven collections were made over a period of 24 months; 206 animals were captured (101 males and 105 females), with 18 recaptures (8.6%) and a displacement record of 7.41 km. In the Aurá River basin, we recorded six nests of K. scorpioides buried in association with a plant of the genus Andropogon sp. Turtles were observed in a variety of environments in a distribution completely dependent on seasonal changes in its habitat, fluctuating between aquatic and terrestrial microhabitats along with seasonal rains and dry periods and food availability. This study adds data on the ecology and knowledge of the dynamics and habitats of K. scorpioides in relation to conservation strategies of these and other turtles that use these flooded plains as habitat and survive despite many anthropogenic disturbances in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"84 ","pages":"e285306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymph flow, ionic and biochemical indicators of lymph and blood during hypoxia.","authors":"S N Abdreshov, G A Demchenko, U N Kozhaniyazova, A N Yeshmukhanbet, M A Yessenova, B A Nurmakhanova, R M Karjaubaev, L U Koibasova","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.284264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.284264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the biochemical parameters and physico-chemical reactions of the body in experimental hypoxia, using a Sprague Dawley Rat Model. Hypoxia changed the dynamics and biochemical parameters of blood and lymph, as well as urine. During hypoxia, there was a change in the osmotic resistance of erythrocytes. Hypoxic training was conducted in a hypoxic animal chamber for 15 days and 30 days for 40 minutes every day. Physical and chemical parameters of blood, lymph and its morphological composition were studied on a hematological analyser, oxygen tension and pH of blood and lymph on an OPTI CCA-TS2 Blood Gas and Electrolyte Analyser. The value of osmotic pressure in the lymph changed slightly from 280.22 ± 2.07 to 293.3±3.1 and 285.6 ± 2.8 mOsm/l, respectively, 15 and 30 days of hypoxia. Urine osmotic pressure decreased by 15.1-10.4%, respectively, compared to the control group. After 15 and 30 days of hypoxia, ion exchange in the blood plasma showed a decrease in the concentration of K+, Cl- ions and an increase in the concentration of Na+ ions in the blood plasma and lymph. Ca2+ concentrations decreased in blood plasma and increased in lymph and urine. The analysis of the osmotic resistance of erythrocytes showed its decrease. Lipid peroxidation of erythrocyte membranes showed a significant increase in the level of malondialdehyde and diene conjugates by 52.2% and 69.6%, as well as a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase by 32% and 29.7%. Hypoxia leads to a decrease in erythrocyte resistance and lipid peroxidation in experimental animals. Shifts in pH on the side of acidosis and disturbances in physico-chemical properties in the blood and lymph were detected. As a result of developing hypoxia in the body, structural and functional rearrangements occur in the whole blood of experimental animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"84 ","pages":"e284264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A thermal perspective of the advancements in antibacterial polycaprolactone/graphene scaffolds.","authors":"N Tandirogang, S Anitasari, Y-K Shen, H Irawirawan, C B Purnamasari, M Tangwattanachuleeporn","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.288733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.288733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excessive activation of osteoclasts during bone infections can result in destructive bone complications, including non-union and delayed fracture healing. Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus pyogenes are known pathogens associated with bone and joint infections, which can lead to severe complications and the deterioration of tissue. This study aimed to investigate the potential of mechano-bacteria intervention in combating these bacteria. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) tests were conducted on Polycaprolactone (PCL) and PCL/graphene (G) scaffolds containing different concentrations of graphene, namely 0.5, 1.5, and 2.5 wt%, to evaluate the thermal impact on the activity of E. faecalis and S. pyogenes. Furthermore, the Kirby Bauer Method was used to assess the antibacterial activity against both bacteria. The analysis of the average inhibition zone showed a correlation between the antibacterial effect and the concentration of G within the scaffolds. The highest inhibition zone was observed when 2.5 wt% G was used for both E. faecalis and S. pyogenes. The higher Tmax from Thermogravimetric Analysis showed PCL/G with 2.5 wt% G was due to the greater heat energy required to break down sp2 hybridized carbon atoms in a hexagonal framework. The TGA results indicate that higher graphene content (2.5 wt%) requires more energy for thermal decomposition compared to lower concentrations (0.5 wt% and 1.5 wt%) and PCL while the DSC results also showed that presence of G had a significant impact on Tg (glass transition temperature), Tc (crystallization temperature), and Tm (melting temperature), as the temperature increased with the addition of G. Based on the result of this study, it was concluded that G had potential for inhibiting bacteria growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"84 ","pages":"e288733"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population structure and reproductive indicators of Genyatremus luteus (Pisces: Haemulidae) in the Brazilian Amazon coast.","authors":"L N Silva, J A S Ramos, Y B S Nunes, L R Silva, M B Aranha, D C Batalha, M B Figueiredo","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.286445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.286445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genyatremus luteus primarily inhabits estuarine regions and holds significant commercial value along the Brazilian Amazon coast. This study aimed to investigate the population structure and reproductive biology of G. luteus caught in the Paciência River estuary, in the state of Maranhão. Approximately 30 specimens were collected monthly from November 2015 to October 2017, totaling 475 individuals (295 females and 180 males). The sex ratio differed significantly over the study period, at 1.6F:1M (χ2 = 84.3; df = 10; p < 0.05). The mean length at first sexual maturity was 12.66 cm for females, 12.32 cm for males, and 12.56 cm for combined sexes, exhibiting negative allometric growth (b < 3) with peaks in the condition factor of 2.04 and 1.30 for females and males, respectively. Females showed a broader length range (23.16 ± 3.97 cm), possibly attributed to a reproductive strategy to ensure species perpetuation. These findings contribute to optimizing fisheries management strategies, ensuring that individuals can reproduce before being caught. Additionally, analyzing seasonal reproductive patterns relative to environmental variables, such as rainfall, offers deeper insights into how external factors influence reproductive cycles and population dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"84 ","pages":"e286445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of opportunistic diseases after the \"treat all\" strategy: 10 years cohort for HIV.","authors":"R O Nascimento, B M Minan, L C G C Duarte, C M B R G Panjwani, S M S Ferreira, G M França","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.291515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.291515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) has improved the life expectancy of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and reduced the development of opportunistic diseases, supporting a strategy introduced in 2014, which sought to enhance prevention with early treatment and for all. This was a retrospective and comparative cohort study before and after the implementation of \"treat all\" strategy, based on primary and secondary data, extracted from the medical records followed at the Specialized Care Service between 2009 and 2018 and from public databases. Of the 892 patients selected, 790 were active, 28 abandoned treatment and 40 died, 92%, 3.3% and 4.7%, respectively. About 440 (51.2%) started follow-up between 2009 and 2013, before the \"treat all\" strategy, and 417 (48.9%) started follow-up after 2014, when the national recommendation was already the \"treat all\" strategy. A total of 508 (58.2%) male patients were counted, the mean age was 33.5 years on the date of entry, most of them had a total of 8 to 11 years of study (21.1%) and about 6.5% of the patients were illiterate. The main routes of HIV transmission were heterosexual intercourse (67.95%) and MSM (men who have sex with men) (31%). The mean CD4 cell count at presentation was 392 cells/mm3 and 23% of participants had a CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm3. Elevated levels of viral load were found at entry, with 30% having at least 100,000 copies/mL. During the ten years of observation, there were 245 episodes of opportunistic diseases. The five most common opportunistic diseases during the study period were tuberculosis (28.6%), herpes zoster (23.3%), oral candidiasis (15.5%), neurotoxoplasmosis (11.4%) and pneumocystosis (6.1%). Forty patients died during the study period, 4.7% of the total. There was a reduction in opportunistic infections in the second group of the study, especially for oral candidiasis (p = 0.03), as well as a better response to LogCV treatment (1.28±1.97). It is concluded that the diagnosis and treatment strategy has shown over the years an effective reduction in opportunistic infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"84 ","pages":"e291515"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}