Brazilian Journal of Biology最新文献

{"title":"Pollination efficiency by bee guilds (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) to annatto flowers, Bixa orellana L.1753 (Bixaceae).","authors":"K S Arteman, M A Uchoa, V V Alves-Junior, E A B Almeida, M R Maestre","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.292494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.292494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insect's pollination is essential in the maintaining of species abundance and diversity in the biomes. Bees are the most common pollinators of flowering plants, being their services very important in the conservation of biotope and biodiversity. The aims of this paper, are: to know the bee diversity and their population patterns over annatto flowers in the orchard; evaluate seed production in annatto plants with and without entomophilous pollination; to compare whether body size and intertegular distance of bees visiting annatto flowers correlates, and whether size of floral visitor bees in annatto influence in the pollination and productivity. During a flowering season in Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil, 240 flower buds were chosen from five different plants and divided into six groups. In each group had 40 flower buds in the pre-anthesis phase (treatments): T1 (control), T2 (natural self-pollination), T3 (Anemophilous pollination), T4 (Big bees), T5 (Medium bees) and T6 (Small bees). Bee species were identified and measured by two metrics: body size (BS) and intertegular distance (ITD) to categorize their guilds. The treatments considered in the population's analyses were the following: species richness, constancy, frequency, dominance of each bee species, and if bee size would influence in the process of annatto pollination. The analysis of variance was determined by the Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis tests (P < 0.05) for the population parameters. Floral visitor bee species in B. orellana were divided into two groups according to the periods of their activity: 6h-9h and 14h-18h, and in four guilds, based in their body size. Bees recorded from 6h to 9h were responsible for higher efficiency in the pollination rate; represented by the following species: Bombus morio, Centris sponsa, Centris fuscata; Epicharis flava, Epicharis affinis, Epicharis analis, Euglossa sp., Eulaema nigrita, Geotrigona mombuca, Melipona quadrifasciata, Hylaeus sp., and Pseudaugochlora graminea. Seed production was higher in the control (free access to all combined floral visitor), followed by big bees, and medium bees. The two metrics: (BS and ITD) has significant positive correlation. Big body species were more successful in the pollination of B. orellana.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e292494"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enrichment of wheat flour with microelements and bran: improving the quality of bakery products and enhancing their nutritional value.","authors":"Zh Ussenova, A Tulekbaeva, A Chulenyov","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.292477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.292477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research aims to develop recommendations for enriching wheat flour with micronutrients to improve the nutritional value of the product and contribute to population health. To achieve this goal, testing was conducted on flour enriched with micronutrients such as iron, potassium iodide, folic acid, and Vitamin B12, and with the addition of finely dispersed bran (experimental sample) as well as non-enriched flour (control sample). The results indicate that the enrichment of flour with micronutrients and bran leads to significant changes in its composition and characteristics. The experimental flour sample was found to be richer in gluten by 10.7% compared to the control sample. The nutritional value of enriched flour also increased, surpassing the nutritional value indicators of regular flour by 6.5%. The organoleptic analysis of bread made from this flour showed positive ratings in terms of appearance, aroma, taste, and crumb structure, making such products more appealing to consumers and providing a rich and diverse taste. Thus, the enrichment of flour with micronutrients and bran presents an interesting perspective for creating products with enhanced nutritional value and unique organoleptic characteristics, but it requires careful control and adaptation in the cooking process.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e292477"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofertilization with beneficial microorganisms and low rates of chemical fertilization in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) management for sustainable agriculture.","authors":"R H Tirado-Malaver, R Tirado-Lara","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.286059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.286059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Potato is considered one of the most important crops in the world. However, biotic and abiotic factors can considerably affect the production of this crop and increase production costs, the biofertilizers are environmentally friendly alternatives that could reduce these problems. The objective was to determine the biofertilizer activity of Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis as a sustainable alternative to reduce chemical fertilization in potato productivity. In this research, two potato varieties (commercial variety Yungay and the improved variety 302295.32), two beneficial microorganisms (Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis both at a dose of 1 kg ha-1) and three doses of chemical fertilization (20, 50 and 100% NPK) and a control (commercial variety Yungay at a dose of 100% NPK) were used in a 2x2x3+1 factorial scheme. The findings obtained reported that the use of the variety CIP302295.32 biofertilized with T. harzianum can obtain similar results using less chemical fertilizers compared to high NPK doses. The highest biometric parameters in potato were achieved in the treatments, variety CIP 302290.11 inoculated with T. harzianum at doses of 50 and 100% of NPK, so that at a dose 50% less fertilizer produced an increase of 24. 39% in the number of tubers per plant compared to the control and in the number of commercial tubers per plant the increase was 50.31%. This same treatment had a significant effect on yield parameters, increasing by 42.17% in total yield and 49.09% in commercial yield compared to the control. Therefore, this research demonstrated that biofertilization of the improved variety 302295.32 with T. harzianum at a dose of 50% NPK is a valuable alternative to increase the yield of sustainable potato cultivation in Peruvian Andean.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e286059"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First record of Crepidobothrium sp. (Cestoda, Proteocephalidae) in Bothrops atrox (Serpentes, Viperidae) in Amazonian Brazil.","authors":"A C O Sarmento, D Chagas-de-Souza, T Alves-Coêlho, L L Corrêa, A P Santos-Jr","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.291999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.291999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to document the infection by cestodes Crepidobothrium sp. in Bothrops atrox, which are from the Tapajós National Forest, located in the western part of Pará state, Brazil. Thirty-six specimens of B. atrox were examined, of which 13 individuals (36%) were infected by Crepidobothrium sp. and a total of 147 parasites were collected from these hosts. The mean abundance of these endoparasites was 4.1 and the mean infection intensity was 11.3. In relation to parasitic infection sites, 88.4% of these cestodes were found in the small intestine, 9.52% in the large intestine and 2% in the stomach of the hosts. This was the first report of Crepidobothrium sp. in B. atrox in the Brazilian Amazon.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e291999"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of fungal species in bats from Brazil's Atlantic Forest.","authors":"B G Furtado, G D Savi-Bortolotto, T S Soto, L O Rocha, K P Supi, E Angioletto, F Carvalho","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.293859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.293859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molecular identification of fungal species associated with insectivorous bats provides critical insights into their role as reservoirs of fungi, including potential pathogens. This is the first study to performed molecular identification of fungal species in insectivorous bats captured from the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil. Aspergillus sydowii and Penicillium crustosum were frequently isolated from Myotis sp., with P. crustosum also dominating samples from Molossus molossus, alongside Aspergillus subalbidus. Cladosporium spp. were prevalent in Eptesicus diminutus, while Sarocladium was uniquely associated with Tryroptera tricolor. Notably, several identified species are known pathogens of humans, animals, and plants. Fungal species in bats remain poorly understood, representing a significant gap in the field of fungal ecology. This gap is particularly notable in Brazilian biomes, where research on this topic is still scarce. Efforts should focus on minimizing habitat loss for bats and mitigating forest disturbances to reduce their interactions with humans, crops, and other animals. Such measures are essential to prevent the dispersal of fungal pathogen spores and safeguard ecological and public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e293859"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of dietary composition on the development and longevity of Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius, 1792): implications for pest management in stored products.","authors":"G S Oliveira, D Cortese, M G Fernandes","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.285151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.285151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius, 1792) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) is a cosmopolitan pest of stored products. Its development and longevity are highly influenced by diet, making the understanding of this relationship critical for the development of effective pest control strategies. This study explores the effects of different dietary substrates on the development and longevity of L. serricorne, using eight food substrates of both economic and nutritional significance. These substrates include rice, popcorn, rice flour, oats, wheat, corn, wheat flour, and a flour mix of cornmeal, wheat germ, and brewer's yeast in a 5:2:1 ratio. In the experiment, 50 g of each substrate were infested with ten pairs of adult insects. Cultures were maintained under controlled conditions with daily monitoring of insect emergence for 90 days. Adult longevity was assessed after emergence by transferring individuals to Eppendorf tubes, where they were monitored for survival. Results showed significant differences in insect emergence and longevity across substrates, with rice and wheat flours supporting the highest emergence rates and wheat providing the longest adult longevity. The flour mix was found to be the least suitable for insect development. These findings underscore the importance of dietary composition in the biology of L. serricorne and provide insights for the development of targeted pest management strategies for stored products.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e285151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrimination between wild type and heterozygous piebald ball python (Python regius) by PCR and qPCR.","authors":"R Kumsiri, N N Yin, P Kanchanaphum","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.293718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.293718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ball python, also known as Python regius, is a popular exotic pet due to its beautiful colors and patterns, particularly the piebald variety. However, it can be challenging to distinguish between the wild type and heterozygous piebald (het piebald) phenotypes. This study employs PCR and qPCR techniques to differentiate between these two genotypes. The PCR product size for both the wild type and het piebald was 255 bp. However, the intensity of the PCR product from the wild type was twice that of the het piebald, and no PCR product was detected in the piebald individuals. Additionally, the Ct value for the wild type was lower than that of the het piebald. The qPCR analysis revealed a 15.45% difference between the two groups. Therefore, PCR and qPCR effectively distinguish between the wild type and het piebald genotypes of ball pythons.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e293718"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics analysis and chemical profiling of a decoction Tristaniopsis Merguensis leaf as bio supplement for antioxidant, and anti-cholesterols.","authors":"S Agustini, L P Manalu, N Lestari, W Purwanto, Nasruddin, H Widodo, A Asmaliyah, S H Saputra, Nilawati, G Cahya","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.291658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.291658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyper cholesterol and oxidative stress are major risk factors for the onset of cardiovascular diseases. The T. merguensis has been stated to comprise a superior antioxidant substance that could stipulate beneficial advantages, and traditionally applied as herbal medicine for hyper cholesterols. The aim of the study was to evaluate of decoction leaf extracts from T. merguensis for their cholesterol reduction effect in vitro, anti-microbial activity, antioxidant activity, flavonoids and total phenolics contents and its metabolite composition. The test results show that the water decoction extracts have a high value of total phenolic content, and flavonoids. Metabolome analysis and chemical profiling by using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectroscopy (LC-HRMS) leads to 30 compounds are identified in the extracts. The compounds contained in the extracts are non-flavonoid polyphenols, including 18 compounds (66.75%), followed by flavonoid polyphenols (4 compounds/17.20%), alkaloids (3 compounds/5.77%), and terpenes (1 compound/5.54%), and one protein recombinant (NP-003141/4.74%).The major compounds are recognized as quinic acid, 1,6-bis-O-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl) hexopyranose, myricitrin, citric acid, (-)-Caryophyllene oxide, NP-003141, myricetin, 2-Amino-1,3,4-octadecanetriol, ellagic acid, and sedanolide. The decoction leaf extracts show robust antioxidant activity in DPPH assays, with IC50 values of 15.64 µg/g. It also shows appreciable ferric-reducing activity and ABTS antioxidant capacity of 118.9 mM Fe (II)/mg and 7463.3 mM TE/ g. It also possesses anti-cholesterols properties in vitro; antimicrobial activity on S. aureus and S. epidermis at concentration of 15,000 ppm. This study concludes that decoction leaf extracts of T. merguensis is suggested as an organic bioactive basis, with anti-cholesterol and antioxidant capabilities. In addition, in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to confirm this work.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e291658"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytological development, calcium dynamic and metabolite profile of stress-induced tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) microspore under calcium chloride treatment.","authors":"C T Rahmawati, D K Wahyuni, H Purnobasuki, N K K Ikram, S Subramaniam, S P O Werbrouck, Hamidah","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.291533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.291533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exogenous calcium is pivotal in activating microspore embryogenesis via calcium signaling. Altering the external calcium levels in the medium has been documented to impact the success rate of microspore embryogenesis initiation. However, the cellular effects on the formation of embryogenic tobacco microspore and its cellular changes during stress treatment remain elusive. We examined microspore cytological development, specifically vacuolation types and first division pattern. We also used Fluo 3-AM staining to observe the calcium dynamics, including accumulation and distribution of intracellular calcium ions (Ca2+) under fluorescent microscope. Metabolomic analysis of induced microspores was carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The result showed that at 2.0 mM CaCl2.2H2O treatment, 57.06 ± 6.95% of microspores exhibited star-like structures, and 47.39 ± 8.84% underwent symmetric first division, twice as effective as 1.0 mM. Fluo 3-AM staining revealed increased Ca2+ fluorescence on day one, persisting in 2.0 mM treatment by day three. By day six, fluorescence in 1.0 mM and 2.0 mM treatments significantly differed. Intracellular Ca2+ signals rose with 1.0 mM CaCl2.2H2O and fell with 2.0 mM CaCl2.2H2O. The metabolomic analysis detected 34 metabolites, including amino acids, organic acids, and fatty acids, with predominant oleic acid, palmitic acid, and stearic acids. We conclude that two millimolar of calcium chloride was optimum for inducing embryogenic microspore formation in tobacco. Our findings underscore the significant role of exogenous calcium in microspore embryogenesis, elucidating its impact on cellular dynamics and metabolite profiles. These insights contribute to hold potential implications for enhancing crop breeding strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e291533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing growth and survival rate of Asian Redtail Catfish Hemibagrus nemurus (Valenciennes 1840) Larvae through MinaPro probiotic soaking.","authors":"S Sukendi, R M Putra, E Efriyeldi, D Andriani, R K Sinaga","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.291745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.291745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asian redtail catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) is a freshwater fish commodity with high economic value. However, the growth of the catfish larvae into fry is relatively slow. The administration of probiotics as a solution can increase the growth of fish larvae. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the use of probiotics with a larval immersion method on the growth and survival of Asian redtail catfish larvae. A completely randomized design was adopted with four treatments and three replicates. Immersion treatment using probiotics consisted of P0 (control treatment without probiotic immersion), P1 (immersion treatment with a dose of 2.0 ml.L-1 of water), P2 (immersion treatment with a dose of 4.0 ml.L-1 of water), and P3 (immersion treatment with a dose of 6.0 ml.L-1 of water), with a stocking density of 50 fish/aquarium. The immersion was carried out every 10 days for 10 minutes in a basin container using 1 liter of water according to the specified dose. The results showed that the immersion larvae in probiotics significantly affected the biometric growth and survival (p<0.05). The highest biometric growth and survival was in P3- the group of immersion treatment with a dose of 6.0 ml.L-1 of water. This obtained absolute weight, length, and specific growth of 7.04 g, 8.81 cm, and 11.37% per day, as well as cannibalism type A and B of 8.00% and 0.00%, with cannibalism index, normal mortality, survival rate of 8.00%, 3.33%, and 88.67%, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e291745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144327833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}