Brazilian Journal of Biology最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of Cannabis sativa against tick-induced injuries (Rhipicephalus linnaei): biochemical and histopathological evaluation in rabbits.","authors":"O Silva, D Sapatini, M L Rodrigues, B F Evangelista, B S Vicente, A S Marques, M L J Leitão, B C Lancia, M I Camargo-Mathias","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.294052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.294052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rhipicephalus linnaei, commonly known as the brown dog tick, are preferential hosts for dogs, to whom they also transmit various pathogens. The control of these ectoparasites is generally achieved through the use of synthetic chemical products, which can lead to the development of resistance. Bioactive compounds extracted from plants are being studied as an alternative strategy for tick control, including Cannabis sativa, which provides an extract from its flowers known for its diverse therapeutic properties, applicable to both humans and animals. Therefore, in the work that originated this project investigated the effects of C. sativa flower extract in oil dilutions of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mg/mL, applied to skin lesions of rabbit hosts of R. linnaei ticks, to evaluate their healing. In addition, this procedure made it necessary to evaluate, what was done in the present work, the hepatic tissue of these animals, as the extract, while functioning as a tickicide and promoting healing of skin lesions, should also be harmless to the hosts to be considered viable for ectoparasite control. For this purpose, histological and histochemical techniques were applied to the livers of the rabbits (to identify morphological alterations), which were divided into: control group (CG), exposed to 1 mL of oil, showing no hepatic alterations; treated group 1 (TG1), exposed to 0.2 mg/mL, showing cytoplasmic vacuolization in hepatocytes; treated group 2 (TG2), exposed to 0.4 mg/mL, displaying intense morphological alterations, including disorganization of hepatocyte cords, hepatocyte hypertrophy, altered nuclei, and signs of cell death; treated group 3 (TG3), exposed to 0.8 mg/mL, also showing tissue disorganization and cellular vacuolization, but to a lesser extent than TG2. In addition to morphological evaluation, the biochemical activity of hepatic enzymes AST and ALT was assessed. An increase in ALT was observed in TG2, while no other groups showed changes in these parameters. Overall, this study concluded that although the C. sativa flower extract at various dilutions has potential as a tickicide and for healing skin lesions (personal communication), it causes hepatic tissue damage in rabbits to varying degrees, with the 0.4 mg/mL dilution showing the highest hepatotoxic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e294052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eacles manuelita (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Ceratocampinae): first report as Eucalyptus urophylla pest.","authors":"R F Pavani, M F Ribeiro, D A Nascimento, F A Santos, S Dallacort, C G C Mielke, J C Zanuncio, M V Masson, G T Ribeiro, C F Wilcken","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.291289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.291289","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e291289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zootechnical and growth performance of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) under different productive models of intensification.","authors":"C A S Lima, A S Lavareda, C T S Farias, L M Barbosa, T C S Oliveira, J Pantoja-Lima, K C Yamamoto","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.293898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.293898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the zootechnical performance of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) for fattening (> 2 kg) under three management strategies on nine fish farms, which were equally distributed as follows: Low Productive Efficiency (LPE) - 6-8 tons year-1 without aeration; Medium Productive Efficiency (MPE) - 9-14 tons year-1 with emergency aeration and High Productive Efficiency (HPE) - 15-22 tons year-1 with supplemental aeration. Tank management data were collected and water quality parameters were monitored. Performance indices were evaluated through monthly biometrics until the end of the cycle; growth curves (von Bertalanffy) and instantaneous growth rate (IGR) were also calculated for comparison. Analysis of variance was applied to test the effect of the productive efficiency of the models on zootechnical performance. There was a difference (p<0,05) between the production strategies in relation to storage, density and productivity. Water quality indicators of oxygen (4.49-4.99 mg L-1), pH (6.51-6.77), temperature (31.12-33.81 °C), conductivity (43.37-55.63 µS cm-1), transparency (23.04-26.92 cm), nitrite (0.06-0.08 mg L-1) and nitrate (0.36-0.42 mg L-1) were within the cultivation standards. Phosphorus (0.37-0.48 mg L-1) and TSS (65.85-91.12 mg L-1) parameters suggest higher nutrient loads promoted by high densities. Differences between systems (p<0,05) demonstrate better overall results for HPE in final weight (2,726.53 ± 136.99 g), weight gain (2,719.98 ± 133.84 g) and apparent feed conversion (1.82 ± 0.02). The growth curves and IGR revealed differences in performances, indicating that production strategies alter the way fish grow. Systems with higher productivity demonstrate, based on their better results, greater care in the management.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e293898"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation technology of encapsulated homogenate of drone brood in the Republic of Kazakhstan.","authors":"K Zhumanov, R Shimelkova, B Seisenov, K Tajiyev, F A Chaudhary, I Demidova","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.293764","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.293764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drone brood homogenate is a little-studied bee product used in medicine, veterinary medicine and cosmetology for treatment and prophylaxis. It is a very nutritious substance with a high content of active components: proteins, lipids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, vitamins (A, B, E and D) and minerals. The aim of this study was to obtain homogenate of drone larvae by different methods and its encapsulation. The results of the study of encapsulated drone homogenate as a biologically active supplement are presented. The technology of encapsulation of homogenate of drone brood has been developed. The mixture with the homogenate of drone brood, polymer and modified corn starch is successfully homogenized, and calcium chloride is used to harden the capsules. The optimum composition for encapsulation of drone brood homogenate was selected. The physicochemical, mineral, amino acid and vitamin composition of the product was analyzed, confirming its high nutritional value. It was found that the homogenate is rich in carbohydrates (82.13%), proteins (2.4%), calcium (434.2 mg/100 g), magnesium (222.7 mg/100 g) and B vitamins. The encapsulation method with using sodium alginate allowed to ensure the stability and long storage of the product. It was found that bee families with laying queens older than two years are the most productive for obtaining drone brood. The results confirm the effectiveness of encapsulated homogenate as a biological active additive increase productivity and reproductive function of animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e293764"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of enteroparasitosis in users of the clinical analysis laboratory of a municipality of the agreste region of Alagoas.","authors":"W S Passos Neto, L C A Novais, L R L Siqueira, M N Machado, A A M Mousinho, A L N Marques, T L G Q Maranhão, H B G Messias, R C F Lemos, J A Farias, M G S Cavalcanti, T J M Rocha","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.290948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.290948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parasitic diseases represent a significant challenge in the field of global public health, being closely linked to precarious sociodemographic and environmental conditions, which are more common in tropical and subtropical countries. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of enteroparasitosis in the population attended by a private clinical analysis laboratory in the Agreste region of Alagoas. A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in a clinical analysis laboratory located in the city of Arapiraca-AL, using the results of fecal examinations from 01/01/2023 to 12/31/2023, among individuals aged 1 to 99 years, totaling 5,871 analyzed tests. The Hoffman, Pons, and Janer or Lutz Method, also known as the spontaneous sedimentation method, was used for the examination. As a result, 7% (431) of cases were positive for at least one intestinal parasite, with the most prevalent being the protozoa Entamoeba coli 33.26% (152), Giardia lamblia 16.47% (71), Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar 11.60% (50), and Endolimax nana 0.93% (4). Regarding helminth infections, the most prevalent was Ascaris lumbricoides at 24.12% (104), followed by Enterobius vermicularis 3.71% (16), Hymenolepis nana 1.85% (8), Schistosoma mansoni 1.85% (8), Trichuris trichiura 0.92% (4), and Ancylostomatidae 0.92% (4). Thus, due to the significant portion of the population infected, the importance of implementing public policies aimed at improving sanitary education is evident.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e290948"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in green extraction technologies for pectin enhancing efficiency, sustainability, and functional properties: a systematic review.","authors":"R J Malpartida Yapias, F Ore Areche, J P Echevarria Victorio, J Paucarchuco Soto, G R Lobato Calderon, E R Palomino Santos, J M Montalvo Otivo, C Flores-Miranda, A Ruiz Rodriguez","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.287792","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1519-6984.287792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants produce pectin as a versatile biopolymer stemming from their cell walls where it shows importance in food together with pharmaceuticals and cosmetics because of its gel-forming ability and thickening and stabilizing traits. The extraction techniques for pectin traditionally demand high amounts of power alongside hazardous solvents while needing extended processing durations. The development of emerging green extraction technologies (ET) provides sustainable and efficient extraction methodologies. This analysis conducts a systematic assessment of different ETs for pectin extraction by examining UAE alongside MAE and includes evaluation of supercritical CO2, HPP, and PEF extraction methods. These methods present advantages such as higher extraction performance with lowered energy usage as well as better pectin rheological properties that enhance both gel strength and viscosity. ETs effectively maintain or magnify functional properties in pectin which increases its potential for high-end uses in food items and supplements and cosmetics. These technologies provide an environmentally beneficial method through their reduced reliance on solvents and reduced creation of waste products. Research alongside technological progress hopes to solve existing hurdles associated with equipment costs and scalability because these hurdles currently prevent widespread adoption of these methods, but the solutions will enable industrial-scale use. There exists an opportunity through green extraction technologies to create a sustainable future for industrial pectin production.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e287792"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Film coating of Enterolobium schomburgkii (Benth.) Benth seeds.","authors":"M M R Borges, C F Lisboa, D G Araújo, I R Teixeira, A M Antunes, H S D Barros, P H C Castro, C S Silva, C R A Dias","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.292835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.292835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing demand for native seeds in forest restoration projects highlights the importance of technical and technological knowledge in the propagation and maintenance of forest species. Seed coating can facilitate direct seeding of these species. However, although the polymer polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and the plasticizer glycerol have been studied for coating agricultural seeds, there is a lack of information about their behavior in forest species. Therefore, the objective of this research is to evaluate the applicability of film coating using polyvinyl alcohol and glycerol on forest seeds, specifically Enterolobium schomburgkii, and evaluate its influence on germination. The first experiment determined a suitable formulation for coating, for which three concentrations of PVA (1%, 3% and 5%) and glycerol (10%, 20% and 30%) were evaluated. To evaluate the effect of coatings on germination, a control was included, totaling 40 plots. Thickness, water vapor permeability, solubility and germination tests were carried out. The combination of 5% PVA and 10% glycerol was appropriate for coating E. schomburgkii seeds due to its properties and lack of deleterious effect on germination.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e292835"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and partial characterization of a new fibrinolytic protease from salmon oyster mushroom from Amazonia.","authors":"E E P Barbosa, L Pimenta, K S Araújo, A K P Brito, S C P Batista, S R Martim, W R Gomes, M F S Teixeira","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.289933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.289933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Edible mushrooms are excellent sources of enzymes, especially fibrinolytic proteases, which work to dissolve blood clots and can be obtained through different fermentative processes. This research evaluated the production of fibrinolytic protease from a specie of edible mushroom in different formulations of liquid cultures. Pleurotus ostreatoroseus was provided by the DPUA culture collection at the Federal University of Amazonas and cultivated on PDA agar supplemented with 0.5% (w/v) yeast extract. Liquid fermentation was carried out in an Erlenmeyer flask in 50 mL of GYP, MGYP, or Malt medium under stirring at 150 rpm at 30 °C, eight days. The extracts were recovered and dialyzed, and the liquid culture medium was selected based on the activity of fibrinolytic enzymes. In the recovered extracts, qualitative activity (fibrin plate) and quantitative activity of fibrinolytic proteases were determined, and the effect of pH, temperature, stability, ions, and inhibitors on enzymatic activity was evaluated. Pleurotus ostreatoroseus excreted proteases in all culture media tested. However, the translucent halo (12.59 ± 0.7 mm) and significant activity of fibrinolytic enzymes (449.32 ± 0.01 U/mL) was determined in GYP. In the dialyzed extract, P. ostreatoroseus had an increase in the excretion of fibrinolytic proteases (1,361.73 ± 0.09). Results indicated that in GYP extracts, proteases showed optimal activity at pH 8.0 and at 30 °C of the serine and metallo protease types. Thus, these biocatalysts have strong potential for use in the pharmaceutical, detergent sectors and food industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e289933"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embryos extract from germinated yellow soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) inhibits promastigotes form of Leishmania amazonensis.","authors":"P M Pedrote, D M D Bouts, C L A Passos, J D Inácio, L F O Gervazoni, R Zingali, M S Almeida, K M S Cabral, C Follmer, E E Almeida-Amaral, E Fialho","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.293237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.293237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the effect of extracts of the germinated seeds of yellow soybean cultivar BRS 258 (Glycine max [L.] Merrill) against Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes. The yellow soybean embryos extract (YSEE) was fractionated on a Sephacryl S-100 gel filtration column coupled to AKTA. Then, the fractions were applied on a 1D SDS-PAGE gels and analyzed using a Micromass ESI-Q-ToF mass spectrometer coupled to a NanoUPLC. The anti-Leishmania properties of the soybean and the Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) urease were evaluated by measuring promastigotes mitochondrial activity using the MTT method. The YSEE reduced significantly L. amazonensis promastigotes cell viability (94.9%) and this inhibition can be related to an embryo-specific urease. We suggest that this enzyme was able to reduce the cell viability of L. amazonensis, since an anti-Leishmania activity was confirmed with an isolated urease of the legume Jack bean. The results suggest a possible relationship of soybean embryos with urease and leishmanicidal activities. Up to now, no data were found in the literature that demonstrates an anti-Leishmaniaactivity from an embryo-specific urease of soybean.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e293237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External and internal architecture of nests of fungus-growing ants of the genera Cyphomyrmex, Mycetarotes, Mycocepurus, Myrmicocrypta, and Trachymyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).","authors":"A A Moreira, O C Bueno, R S Camargo, M A Castellani, S A Leite, J C Zanuncio, J A Sabattini, R C A L Paula, R N S Lemos, B S Coelho, N C Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/1519-6984.294155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.294155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studying the nest structures of fungus-growing ants of the genera Cyphomyrmex, Mycetarotes, Mycocepurus, Myrmicocrypta, and Trachymyrmex is essential to understanding their ecological role. Structural variations affect adaptation of these ants and their impact on agriculture and forest ecosystems. The internal and external structures of 49 fungus-growing ant nests were marked over three months, with four, seven, 31, four, and three nests, respectively, of the genera Cyphomyrmex, Mycetarotes, Mycocepurus, Myrmicocrypta, and Trachymyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Attini) were described. The study were studied in the João Dias da Silveira Campus (Bela Vista) of the São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Rio Claro, São Paulo state, Brazil (22°23'73\" S and 47°32'53\" W). Forty-nine nests were marked over three months, with four, seven, 31, four, and three nests, respectively, of the genera Cyphomyrmex, Mycetarotes, Mycocepurus, Myrmicocrypta, and Trachymyrmex Four spherical chambers were observed in Cyphomyrmex nests, with height, width, length, and depth, respectively, of 2.8 cm, 2.5 cm, and 2.1 cm, and 15 cm to 30 cm. A single spherical chamber at a depth from 10 to 25 cm was observed in a Mycetarotes sp. nest and in each of the 31 nests of Mycocepurus sp. and Myrmicocrypta sp., with height, width, length, and depth, respectively, of 3.6 cm, 4.5 cm, and 4.1 cm, and 10 to 110 cm; and 5 cm, 5.9 cm, 6.3 cm, and 10 cm to 72 cm. The number of fungus chambers ranged from one to four per Trachymyrmex sp. nest, at depths between 15 cm and 205 cm and height, width, and length, respectively, of 3.9 cm, 7.2 cm, and 7.9 cm. Variations in the internal and external structures of Attini ant nests indicate that they should be considered to understand the ecology of these insects.</p>","PeriodicalId":55326,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Biology","volume":"85 ","pages":"e294155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}