Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics最新文献_第8页

The "Life" of the Mind: Persons and Survival. 心灵的 "生命"：人与生存。

IF 1.8 4区医学

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0963180124000082

John Harris

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Identifying Relevant Topics for Inclusion in an Ethics Curriculum for Anesthesiology Trainees: A Survey of Practitioners in the Field 确定麻醉学受训人员伦理课程的相关主题：对该领域从业人员的调查

IF 1.8 4区医学

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/s0963180124000240

Madeline J. Pence, Raymond A. Pla, Eric Heinz, Rundell Douglas, Eduard Shaykhinurov, Breanne Jacobs

{"title":"Identifying Relevant Topics for Inclusion in an Ethics Curriculum for Anesthesiology Trainees: A Survey of Practitioners in the Field","authors":"Madeline J. Pence, Raymond A. Pla, Eric Heinz, Rundell Douglas, Eduard Shaykhinurov, Breanne Jacobs","doi":"10.1017/s0963180124000240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0963180124000240","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anesthesiology training programs are tasked with equipping trainees with the skills to become medically and ethically competent in the practice of anesthesia and to be prepared to obtain board certification, yet there is currently no standardized ethics curriculum within anesthesia training programs in the United States. To bridge this gap, and to provide a validated ethics curriculum to meet the aforementioned needs, in July 2021, a survey was sent to anesthesia scholars in the field of biomedical ethics to identify key areas that should be included in such an ethics curriculum. The responses were rated on a Likert scale and ranked. This paper identifies the top ten topics identified as high priority for inclusion in an anesthesiology training program and consequently deemed most relevant to meet the educational needs of graduates of an anesthesiology residency: (1) capacity to consent; (2) capacity to refuse elective versus lifesaving treatment; (3) application of surrogate decisionmaking; (4) approach to do not resuscitate (DNR) status in the operating room; (5) patient autonomy and advance directives; (6) navigating patient beliefs that may impair care; (7) “futility” in end-of-life care: when to withdraw life support; (8) disclosure of medical errors; (9) clinical criteria for “brain death” and consequences of this definition; and (10) the impaired anesthesiologist.</p>","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140808729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AI-Inclusivity in Healthcare: Motivating an Institutional Epistemic Trust Perspective 医疗保健领域的人工智能包容性：从机构认识论信任的视角出发

IF 1.8 4区医学

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/s0963180124000215

Kritika Maheshwari, Christoph Jedan, Imke Christiaans, Mariëlle van Gijn, Els Maeckelberghe, Mirjam Plantinga

{"title":"AI-Inclusivity in Healthcare: Motivating an Institutional Epistemic Trust Perspective","authors":"Kritika Maheshwari, Christoph Jedan, Imke Christiaans, Mariëlle van Gijn, Els Maeckelberghe, Mirjam Plantinga","doi":"10.1017/s0963180124000215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0963180124000215","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper motivates institutional epistemic trust as an important ethical consideration informing the responsible development and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies (or AI-inclusivity) in healthcare. Drawing on recent literature on epistemic trust and public trust in science, we start by examining the conditions under which we can have institutional epistemic trust in AI-inclusive healthcare systems and their members as providers of medical information and advice. In particular, we discuss that institutional epistemic trust in AI-inclusive healthcare depends, in part, on the reliability of AI-inclusive medical practices and programs, its knowledge and understanding among different stakeholders involved, its effect on epistemic and communicative duties and burdens on medical professionals and, finally, its interaction and alignment with the public’s ethical values and interests as well as background sociopolitical conditions against which AI-inclusive healthcare systems are embedded. To assess the applicability of these conditions, we explore a recent proposal for AI-inclusivity within the Dutch Newborn Screening Program. In doing so, we illustrate the importance, scope, and potential challenges of fostering and maintaining institutional epistemic trust in a context where generating, assessing, and providing reliable and timely screening results for genetic risk is of high priority. Finally, to motivate the general relevance of our discussion and case study, we end with suggestions for strategies, interventions, and measures for AI-inclusivity in healthcare more widely.</p>","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140808958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When Suicide is not a Self-Killing: Advance Decisions and Psychological Discontinuity—Part I 当自杀不是自尽时：预先决定和心理中断--第一部分

IF 1.8 4区医学

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1017/s0963180124000227

Suzanne E. Dowie

引用次数: 0

Consciousness and Scientific Discovery: The Iceberg Effect. 意识与科学发现：冰山效应

IF 1.8 4区医学

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1017/S0963180124000252

Yves Agid

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When Two Become One: Singular Duos and the Neuroethical Frontiers of Brain-to-Brain Interfaces 当二者合二为一：奇异二重奏与脑-脑接口的神经伦理前沿

IF 1.8 4区医学

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1017/s0963180124000197

Hazem Zohny, Julian Savulescu

{"title":"When Two Become One: Singular Duos and the Neuroethical Frontiers of Brain-to-Brain Interfaces","authors":"Hazem Zohny, Julian Savulescu","doi":"10.1017/s0963180124000197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0963180124000197","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in brain–brain interface technologies raise the possibility that two or more individuals could directly link their minds, sharing thoughts, emotions, and sensory experiences. This paper explores conceptual and ethical issues posed by such mind-merging technologies in the context of clinical neuroethics. Using hypothetical examples along a spectrum from loosely connected pairs to fully merged minds, the authors sketch out a range of factors relevant to identifying the degree of a merger. They then consider potential new harms like loss of identity, psychological domination, loss of mental privacy, and challenges for notions of autonomy and patient benefit when applied to merged minds. While radical technologies may seem to necessitate new ethical paradigms, the authors suggest the individual-focus underpinning clinical ethics can largely accommodate varying degrees of mind mergers so long as individual patient interests remain identifiable. However, advanced decisionmaking and directives may have limitations in addressing the dilemmas posed. Overall, mind-merging possibilities amplify existing challenges around loss of identity, relating to others, autonomy, privacy, and the delineation of patient interests. This paper lays the groundwork for developing resources to address the novel issues raised, while suggesting the technologies reveal continuity with current healthcare ethics tensions.","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing Public Reason Approaches to Conscientious Objection in Healthcare 评估医疗保健领域良心拒绝的公共理由方法

IF 1.8 4区医学

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1017/s0963180124000112

Doug McConnell

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Adolescent OCD Patient and Caregiver Perspectives on Identity, Authenticity, and Normalcy in Potential Deep Brain Stimulation Treatment 青少年强迫症患者和护理人员对潜在脑深部刺激治疗中的身份、真实性和正常性的看法

IF 1.8 4区医学

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1017/s0963180124000203

Jared N. Smith, Natalie Dorfman, Meghan Hurley, Ilona Cenolli, Kristin Kostick-Quenet, Eric A. Storch, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz, Jennifer Blumenthal-Barby

{"title":"Adolescent OCD Patient and Caregiver Perspectives on Identity, Authenticity, and Normalcy in Potential Deep Brain Stimulation Treatment","authors":"Jared N. Smith, Natalie Dorfman, Meghan Hurley, Ilona Cenolli, Kristin Kostick-Quenet, Eric A. Storch, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz, Jennifer Blumenthal-Barby","doi":"10.1017/s0963180124000203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0963180124000203","url":null,"abstract":"The ongoing debate within neuroethics concerning the degree to which neuromodulation such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) changes the personality, identity, and agency (PIA) of patients has paid relatively little attention to the perspectives of prospective patients. Even less attention has been given to pediatric populations. To understand patients’ views about identity changes due to DBS in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the authors conducted and analyzed semistructured interviews with adolescent patients with OCD and their parents/caregivers. Patients were asked about projected impacts to PIA generally due to DBS. All patient respondents and half of caregivers reported that DBS would impact patient self-identity in significant ways. For example, many patients expressed how DBS could positively impact identity by allowing them to explore their identities free from OCD. Others voiced concerns that DBS-related resolution of OCD might negatively impact patient agency and authenticity. Half of patients expressed that DBS may positively facilitate social access through relieving symptoms, while half indicated that DBS could increase social stigma. These views give insights into how to approach decision-making and informed consent if DBS for OCD becomes available for adolescents. They also offer insights into adolescent experiences of disability identity and “normalcy” in the context of OCD.","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":"202 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethical and Equitable Digital Health Research: Ensuring Self-Determination in Data Governance for Racialized Communities 道德与公平的数字健康研究：确保种族化社区在数据管理中的自决权

IF 1.8 4区医学

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1017/s096318012400015x

Mozharul Islam, Arafaat A. Valiani, Ranjan Datta, Mohammad Chowdhury, Tanvir C. Turin

{"title":"Ethical and Equitable Digital Health Research: Ensuring Self-Determination in Data Governance for Racialized Communities","authors":"Mozharul Islam, Arafaat A. Valiani, Ranjan Datta, Mohammad Chowdhury, Tanvir C. Turin","doi":"10.1017/s096318012400015x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s096318012400015x","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies highlight the need for ethical and equitable digital health research that protects the rights and interests of racialized communities. We argue for practices in digital health that promote data self-determination for these communities, especially in data collection and management. We suggest that researchers partner with racialized communities to curate data that reflects their wellness understandings and health priorities, and respects their consent over data use for policy and other outcomes. These data governance approach honors and builds on Indigenous Data Sovereignty (IDS) decolonial scholarship by Indigenous and non-indigenous researchers and its adaptations to health research involving racialized communities from former European colonies in the global South. We discuss strategies to practice equity, diversity, inclusion, accessibility and decolonization (EDIAD) principles in digital health. We draw upon and adapt the concept of Precision Health Equity (PHE) to emphasize models of data sharing that are co-defined by racialized communities and researchers, and stress their shared governance and stewardship of data that is generated from digital health research. This paper contributes to an emerging research on equity issues in digital health and reducing health, institutional, and technological disparities. It also promotes the self-determination of racialized peoples through ethical data management.","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Welfare, Abortion, and Organ Donation: A Reply to the Restrictivist. 福利、堕胎和器官捐赠：给限制主义者的答复》。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.1017/S0963180123000208

Emily Carroll, Parker Crutchfield

引用次数: 0