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Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics最新文献

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The Role of Exceptionalism in the Evolution of Bioethical Regulation. 例外论在生物伦理法规演变中的作用。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0963180123000336
Sergei Shevchenko, Alexey Zhavoronkov
{"title":"The Role of Exceptionalism in the Evolution of Bioethical Regulation.","authors":"Sergei Shevchenko, Alexey Zhavoronkov","doi":"10.1017/S0963180123000336","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0963180123000336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The paper aims to present a critical analysis of the phenomenon and notion of exceptionalism in bioethics. The authors demonstrate that exceptionalism pertains to phenomena that are not (yet) entirely familiar to us and could potentially bear risks regarding their regulation. After an overview of the state of the art, we briefly describe the origins and evolution of the concept, compared to exception and exclusion. In the second step, they look at the overall development debates on genetic exceptionalism, compared to other bioethical debates on exceptionalism, before presenting a detailed analysis of a specific case of early regulation of genetic screening. In the last part, the authors explain the historical background behind the connection between exceptionalism and exclusion in these debates. Their main conclusion is that while the initial stage of the discussion is shaped by the concept of exceptionalism and awareness of risks of exclusion, the later development centers around exceptions that are needed in detailed regulatory procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"185-197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9646286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bioethics Without Theory? 没有理论的生命伦理学？
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-28 DOI: 10.1017/S0963180123000348
Søren Holm
{"title":"Bioethics Without Theory?","authors":"Søren Holm","doi":"10.1017/S0963180123000348","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0963180123000348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The question that this paper tries to answer is Q: \"Can good academic bioethics be done without commitment to moral theory?\" It is argued that the answer to Q is an unequivocal \"Yes\" for most of what we could call \"critical bioethics,\" that is, the kind of bioethics work that primarily criticizes positions or arguments already in the literature or put forward by policymakers. The answer is also \"Yes\" for much of empirical bioethics. The second part of the paper then provides an analysis of Q in relation to \"constructive bioethics,\" that is, bioethics work aimed at providing an argument for a particular position. In this part, it is argued that a number of the approaches or methods used that initially look like they involve no commitment to moral theory, nevertheless, involve such a commitment. This is shown to be the case for reflective equilibrium, mid-level theory, the use of theory fragments, and argument by analogy.</p>","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"159-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9874216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Baseball and Bioethics Revisited: The Pitch Clock and Age Discrimination in a Timeless Pastime. 棒球与生物伦理学再谈：永恒的业余时间里的球场时钟与年龄歧视。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1017/S096318012300049X
Joseph J Fins
{"title":"Baseball and Bioethics Revisited: The Pitch Clock and Age Discrimination in a Timeless Pastime.","authors":"Joseph J Fins","doi":"10.1017/S096318012300049X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S096318012300049X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this essay, the author reflects on a decade's old essay on baseball and bioethics inspired by a conversation with the late David Thomasma. In a reprise of his earlier paper, Fins worries that modernity has come to baseball with the advent of the pitch clock and that this innovation brings age discrimination to a timeless pastime.</p>","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"267-270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41175374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Imposing a Lifestyle: A New Argument for Antinatalism. 强加一种生活方式：反生育主义的新论点。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.1017/S0963180123000385
Matti Häyry, Amanda Sukenick
{"title":"Imposing a Lifestyle: A New Argument for Antinatalism.","authors":"Matti Häyry, Amanda Sukenick","doi":"10.1017/S0963180123000385","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0963180123000385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antinatalism is an emerging philosophy and practice that challenges pronatalism, the prevailing philosophy and practice in reproductive matters. We explore justifications of antinatalism-the arguments from the quality of life, the risk of an intolerable life, the lack of consent, and the asymmetry of good and bad-and argue that none of them supports a concrete, understandable, and convincing moral case for not having children. We identify concentration on possible future individuals who may or may not come to be as the main culprit for the failure and suggest that the focus should be shifted to people who already exist. Pronatalism's hegemonic status in contemporary societies imposes upon us a lifestyle that we have not chosen yet find almost impossible to abandon. We explicate the nature of this imposition and consider the implications of its exposure to different stakeholders with varying stands on the practice of antinatalism. Imposition as a term has figured in reproductive debates before, but the argument from postnatal, mental, and cultural imposition we launch is new. It is the hitherto overlooked and underdeveloped justification of antinatalism that should be solid and comprehensible enough to be used even by activists in support of their work.</p>","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"238-259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10253066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Theories or No Theories-Is Anything Evolving? 理论还是没有理论有什么在进化？
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1017/S0963180123000506
Matti Häyry, Tuija Takala
{"title":"Theories or No Theories-Is Anything Evolving?","authors":"Matti Häyry, Tuija Takala","doi":"10.1017/S0963180123000506","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0963180123000506","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"151-157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41174589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pragmatism and Experimental Bioethics. 实用主义与实验生物伦理学。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-19 DOI: 10.1017/S0963180123000282
Henrik Rydenfelt
{"title":"Pragmatism and Experimental Bioethics.","authors":"Henrik Rydenfelt","doi":"10.1017/S0963180123000282","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0963180123000282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pragmatism gained considerable attention in bioethical discussions in the early 21st century. However, some dimensions and contributions of pragmatism to bioethics remain underexplored in both research and practice. It is argued that pragmatism can make a distinctive contribution to bioethics through its concept, developed by Charles S. Peirce and John Dewey, that ethical issues can be resolved through experimental inquiry. Dewey's proposal that policies can be confirmed or disconfirmed through experimentation is developed by comparing it to the confirmation of scientific hypotheses, with a focus on the objection that the consequences of following a moral view or policy do not provide guidance on choosing among competing ethical perspectives. As confirmation of scientific hypotheses typically relies on evidence gathered from observation, the possibility of ethically relevant observation is then explored based on Peirce's views on feelings as emotional interpretants. Finally, the connection between Dewey's experimental ethics and democracy is outlined and compared to unfettered ethical progressivism.</p>","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"174-184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9658497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Decisional Capacity After Dark: Is Autonomy Delayed Truly Autonomy Denied? 天黑后的决策能力：自主权被延迟就真的被剥夺了吗？
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1017/S096318012300035X
Jacob M Appel
{"title":"Decisional Capacity After Dark: Is Autonomy Delayed Truly Autonomy Denied?","authors":"Jacob M Appel","doi":"10.1017/S096318012300035X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S096318012300035X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The model for capacity assessment in the United States and much of the Western world relies upon the demonstration of four skills including the ability to communicate a clear, consistent choice. Yet such assessments often occur at only one moment in time, which may result in the patient expressing a choice to the evaluator that is highly inconsistent with the patient's underlying values and goals, especially if a short-term factor (such as frustration with the hospital staff) distorts the patient's preferences momentarily. These challenges are particularly concerning in cases, which arise frequently in hospital settings, in which patients demand immediate self-discharge, often during off-hours, while faced with life-threatening risks. This paper examines the distinctive elements that shape such cases and explores their ethical implications, ultimately offering a model for such situations that can be operationalized.</p>","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"260-266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10045891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Catholic Perspective on COVID-19. 从天主教角度看 COVID-19。
IF 1.5 4区 医学
Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1017/S0963180123000324
John J Paris, Brian M Cummings
{"title":"A Catholic Perspective on COVID-19.","authors":"John J Paris, Brian M Cummings","doi":"10.1017/S0963180123000324","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0963180123000324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It took nearly two thousand years for society to recognize the Hippocratic insistence that \"the doctor knows best\"<sup>1</sup> was an inadequate approach to medical decisionmaking. Today, patient-centered medicine has come to understand that the individual patient has a significant role in the decisionmaking process.<sup>2</sup>.</p>","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"285-289"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10045890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Responding to a Non-Imminently Dying Patient's Request for Pacemaker Deactivation. 回应非临终病人停用起搏器的请求。
IF 1.8 4区 医学
Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1017/S0963180124000173
Kelsey Gipe
{"title":"Responding to a Non-Imminently Dying Patient's Request for Pacemaker Deactivation.","authors":"Kelsey Gipe","doi":"10.1017/S0963180124000173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0963180124000173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on Nathan Goldstein's case report, \"But I have a pacer…there is no point in engaging in hypothetical scenarios\": A Non-imminently Dying Patient's Request for Pacemaker Deactivation, it is reasonable to conclude that it was, all-things-considered, ethically appropriate to grant the patient's request to deactivate her pacemaker. Philosophically, and as a clinical bioethicist, I support the team's decision to honor the patient's request for pacemaker deactivation. However, it is worth exploring a bit further whether the distress on the part of the outside hospital's ethics committee and providers-who declined to honor the patient's request for pacemaker deactivation-may actually track something of moral significance. Might their discomfort around deactivation be \"truth-tracking\" in moral terms?</p>","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140208269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bioethics and Public Policy: Is There Hope for Public Reason? 生物伦理与公共政策：公共理性还有希望吗？
IF 1.8 4区 医学
Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.1017/S0963180124000185
Leonard M Fleck
{"title":"Bioethics and Public Policy: Is There Hope for Public Reason?","authors":"Leonard M Fleck","doi":"10.1017/S0963180124000185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0963180124000185","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55300,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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