Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie最新文献

{"title":"Validation francophone de la CASIG-rev – un outil clinique visant à soutenir le rétablissement des personnes avec un trouble psychiatrique: French validation of the CASIG-rev – a clinical personal recovery assessment for people with psychiatric disorders.","authors":"Tania Lecomte, Isabelle Heyden, Stéphane Raffard, Yasser Khazaal, Audrey Livet, Paméla Power, Marc-André Roy, Amal Abdel-Baki, Marc Corbière","doi":"10.1177/07067437241261481","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241261481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>There are few tools capable of measuring the personal recovery of individuals presenting with mental disorders that take into account the various dimensions of recovery. Personal recovery encompasses several objectives at the level of autonomy, positive interpersonal relationships, mental and physical health, self-acceptance, the school/professional domain, as well as developing a life project. A team of practitioners and researchers from four countries (Canada, Belgium, France, and Switzerland) adapted the Client Assessment of Strengths, Interests, and Goals (CASIG) tool to more accurately measure these different aspects of personal recovery. This study aims to validate the revised version of CASIG (CASIG-rev) in French, in terms of construct validity, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and clinical sensitivity to change.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 272 individuals were recruited across different French-speaking countries to respond to the CASIG-rev online, as well as Ryff's well-being measure, the Recovery Assessment Scale, and the WHODAS. A subgroup of 29 individuals responded again to the CASIG-rev after 1 month (for temporal stability), and 24 again at six months (for sensitivity to change).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The confirmatory factor analysis suggests a 5-factor model, very similar to the initially proposed model of 6 factors. Convergent validity was demonstrated between the subscales of tools measuring similar concepts, and test-retest reliability was proven for the majority of scales. The CASIG-rev also appears to be sensitive to clinical or rehabilitation changes, notably at the level of the life project.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study supports the use of the CASIG-rev in French to measure the recovery of individuals presenting with mental disorders, as well as to support practitioners in the evaluation of their programs and interventions. Limitations, as well as the tool's relevance, are presented. An English validation is underway to make the CASIG-rev available in Anglo-Saxon countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"759-767"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotion Regulation Self-Efficacy as a Mechanism of Alliance and Outcomes in a Brief, Transdiagnostic Digital Mental Health Intervention: L'auto-efficacité de la régulation des émotions en tant que mécanisme d'alliance et de résultats dans une brève intervention transdiagnostique numérique en santé mentale.","authors":"Natalia Macrynikola, Sarah Chang, John Torous","doi":"10.1177/07067437241274201","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241274201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Digital mental health interventions have shown promise for alleviating various forms of psychopathology, including depression and anxiety. However, the mechanisms of such interventions remain largely unexplored. The purpose of this study was to investigate a potential mechanistic process through which one hybrid digital mental health intervention (i.e., the Digital Clinic) might operate. We hypothesized that emotion regulation (ER) self-efficacy at the treatment midpoint may mediate the relationship between alliance (i.e., therapeutic alliance and digital alliance) and outcome (i.e., co-morbid symptoms of depression and anxiety) at the treatment endpoint.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data used in this study came from the Digital Clinic, a brief transdiagnostic telehealth treatment program augmented by a dual-purpose digital phenotyping and intervention smartphone app. Recruited primarily from primary care, participants were 82 adults (73% White, 64% cisgender women, mean age 41) receiving outpatient treatment in the northeastern United States. All constructs were measured with validated scales, including The Working Alliance Inventory-Short Revised (WAI-SR) for therapeutic alliance, the Digital Working Alliance Inventory (DWAI) for digital alliance, the PROMIS Self-Efficacy for Managing Emotions Short Form scale for ER self-efficacy, and the Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety-Depression Scale (PHQ-ADS) for co-morbid symptoms of depression and anxiety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant reductions in co-morbid symptoms of depression and anxiety and significant increases in ER self-efficacy were found from baseline to treatment endpoint. Therapeutic and digital alliance at the midpoint each predicted reductions in co-morbid symptoms of depression and anxiety at the endpoint through ER self-efficacy, controlling for baseline scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that ER self-efficacy may be a proximal predictor of clinical improvement that may be enhanced by therapeutic and digital alliance. Future controlled research is essential to improve knowledge of the mechanisms of digital mental health interventions and to enhance their effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"7067437241274201"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Efficacy of Electronically Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (e-CBT) to Weekly Online Mental Health Check-Ins for Generalized Anxiety Disorder-A Randomized Controlled Trial: Comparaison de l'efficacité de la thérapie cognitivo-comportementale délivrée par voie électronique (e-TCC) aux contrôles hebdomadaires en ligne de santé mentale pour le trouble d'anxiété généralisée - un essai randomisé contrôlé.","authors":"Melinaz Barati Chermahini, Jazmin Eadie, Anika Agarwal, Callum Stephenson, Niloufar Malakouti, Niloofar Nikjoo, Jasleen Jagayat, Vineeth Jarabana, Amirhossein Shirazi, Anchan Kumar, Tessa Gizzarelli, Gilmar Gutierrez, Ferwa Khan, Charmy Patel, Megan Yang, Mohsen Omrani, Nazanin Alavi","doi":"10.1177/07067437241261933","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241261933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent anxiety disorder characterized by uncontrollable worry, trouble sleeping, muscle tension, and irritability. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is one of the first-line treatments that has demonstrated high efficacy in reducing symptoms of anxiety. Electronically delivered CBT (e-CBT) has been a promising adaptation of in-person treatment, showing comparable efficacy with increased accessibility and scalability. Finding further scalable interventions that can offer benefits to patients requiring less intensive interventions can allow for better resource allocation. Some studies have indicated that weekly check-ins can also lead to improvements in GAD symptoms. However, there is a lack of research exploring the potential benefits of online check-ins for patients with GAD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the effects of weekly online asynchronous check-ins on patients diagnosed with GAD and compare it with a group receiving e-CBT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (<i>n</i> e-CBT = 45; <i>n</i> check-in = 51) with GAD were randomized into either an e-CBT or a mental health check-in program for 12 weeks. Participants in the e-CBT program completed pre-designed modules and homework assignments through a secure online delivery platform where they received personalized feedback from a trained care provider. Participants in the mental health check-in condition had weekly asynchronous messaging communication with a care provider where they were asked structured questions with a different weekly theme to encourage conversation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both treatments demonstrated statistically significant reductions in GAD-7-item questionnaire (GAD-7) scores over time, but when comparing the groups there was no significant difference between the treatments. The number of participants who dropped out and baseline scores on all questionnaires were comparable for both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings support the effectiveness of e-CBT and mental health check-ins for the treatment of GAD.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary title: </strong>Comparing the Effectiveness of Electronically Delivered Therapy (e-CBT) to Weekly Online Mental Health Check-ins for Generalized Anxiety Disorder-A Randomized Controlled Trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"695-707"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11351059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141735726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modifiable Risk Factors Associated With Cognitive Decline in Late Life Depression: Findings From the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging: Facteurs de risque modifiables associés au déclin cognitif dans la dépression en fin de vie : constatations de l'Étude longitudinale canadienne sur le vieillissement.","authors":"Melissa Wong, Alex Kiss, Nathan Herrmann, Krista L Lanctôt, Damien Gallagher","doi":"10.1177/07067437241255095","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241255095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Depression in later life is associated with a two-fold increased risk of dementia. It is not clear to what extent potentially modifiable risk factors account for this association.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Older adults (age 50 + ) with objective health measures (<i>n</i> = 14,014) from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging were followed for a mean duration of 35 months. Linear regression analyses were used to determine if clinically significant depression (Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale score (CESD) ≥ 10) was associated with global cognitive decline, assessed with a neuropsychological battery during follow-up, and if modifiable risk factors mediated this association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Depression was associated with an excess of risk factors for cognitive decline including: vascular disease, hypertension, diabetes, apnoea during sleep, higher body mass index, smoking, physical inactivity and lack of social participation. In regression analyses depression remained independently associated with cognitive decline over time (beta -0.060, <i>P</i> = 0.038) as did cerebrovascular disease (beta -0.197, <i>P</i> < 0.001), HbA1C (beta -0.059, <i>P</i> < 0.001), visual impairment (beta -0.070, <i>P</i> = 0.007), hearing impairment (beta -0.098, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and physical inactivity (beta -0.075, <i>P</i> = 0.014). In mediation analyses, we found that cerebrovascular disease (<i>z</i> = -3.525, <i>P</i> < 0.001), HbA1C (<i>z</i> = -4.976, <i>P</i> < 0.001) and physical inactivity (<i>z</i> = -3.998, <i>P</i> < 0.001) partially mediated the association between depression and cognitive decline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this large sample of Canadian older adults incorporating several objective health measures, older adults with depression were at increased risk of cognitive decline and had an excess of potentially modifiable risk factors. Clinicians should pay particular attention to control of diabetes, physical inactivity and risk factors for cerebrovascular disease in older adults presenting with depression as they can contribute to accelerated cognitive decline and may be addressed during routine clinical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"708-716"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11351061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140946600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation des Troubles Cognitifs Chez des Patients Tunisiens Atteints de Trouble Bipolaire en Rémission : Étude Cas-Témoins: Assessment of Cognitive Impairment in Tunisian Patients With Bipolar Disorder in Remission: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Nada Charfi, Amal Bouaziz, Sana Omri, Imen Gassara, Rim Feki, Najeh Smaoui, Lobna Zouari, Mohamed Maâlej, Jihène Ben Thabet, Manel Maâlej Bouali","doi":"10.1177/07067437241253631","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241253631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our aims were to assess cognitive impairment in bipolar patients in remission compared with healthy controls, and to study its connection to clinical and therapeutic factors.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This was a case-control study of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) in remission and matched healthy controls. It was carried out at the Hédi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax, Tunisia. The Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP) scale was used to assess cognitive function in patients and controls. This scale comprises subtests for verbal learning with immediate (VLT-I) and delayed (VLT-D) recall, working memory (WMT), verbal fluency (VFT) and information processing speed (PST).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We recruited 61 patients and 40 controls. Compared with controls, patients had significantly lower scores on the overall SCIP scale and on all SCIP subtests (<i>p</i> < 0.001 throughout) with moderate to high effects. In multivariate analysis, the presence of psychotic characteristics correlated with lower scores on the overall SCIP (<i>p</i> = 0.001), VLT-I (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and VLT-D (<i>p</i> = 0.007), WMT (<i>p</i> = 0.002) and PST (<i>p</i> = 0.008). Bipolar II correlated with lower LTV-I scores (<i>p</i> = 0.023). Age of onset and duration of the disorder were negatively correlated with PST scores (<i>p</i> < 10^-3 and <i>p</i> = 0.007, respectively). Predominantly manic polarity correlated with lower VFT scores (<i>p</i> = 0.007).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study showed that bipolar patients in remission presented significantly more marked cognitive impairments, affecting various cognitive domains, than the controls. These cognitive impairments appear to be linked to clinical and therapeutic factors that are themselves considered to be factors of poor prognosis in BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"717-726"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11351062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141089474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary on the Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments 2023 Clinical Guidelines for Management of Major Depressive Disorder in Adults - Capturing the State of the Art.","authors":"Katherine Beck, Allan H Young","doi":"10.1177/07067437241259896","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241259896","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"692-694"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11351063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) 2023 Update on Clinical Guidelines for Management of Major Depressive Disorder in Adults: Réseau canadien pour les traitements de l'humeur et de l'anxiété (CANMAT) 2023 : Mise à jour des lignes directrices cliniques pour la prise en charge du trouble dépressif majeur chez les adultes.","authors":"Raymond W Lam, Sidney H Kennedy, Camelia Adams, Anees Bahji, Serge Beaulieu, Venkat Bhat, Pierre Blier, Daniel M Blumberger, Elisa Brietzke, Trisha Chakrabarty, André Do, Benicio N Frey, Peter Giacobbe, David Gratzer, Sophie Grigoriadis, Jeffrey Habert, M Ishrat Husain, Zahinoor Ismail, Alexander McGirr, Roger S McIntyre, Erin E Michalak, Daniel J Müller, Sagar V Parikh, Lena S Quilty, Arun V Ravindran, Nisha Ravindran, Johanne Renaud, Joshua D Rosenblat, Zainab Samaan, Gayatri Saraf, Kathryn Schade, Ayal Schaffer, Mark Sinyor, Claudio N Soares, Jennifer Swainson, Valerie H Taylor, Smadar V Tourjman, Rudolf Uher, Michael van Ameringen, Gustavo Vazquez, Simone Vigod, Daphne Voineskos, Lakshmi N Yatham, Roumen V Milev","doi":"10.1177/07067437241245384","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241245384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) last published clinical guidelines for the management of major depressive disorder (MDD) in 2016. Owing to advances in the field, an update was needed to incorporate new evidence and provide new and revised recommendations for the assessment and management of MDD in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CANMAT convened a guidelines editorial group comprised of academic clinicians and patient partners. A systematic literature review was conducted, focusing on systematic reviews and meta-analyses published since the 2016 guidelines. Recommendations were organized by lines of treatment, which were informed by CANMAT-defined levels of evidence and supplemented by clinical support (consisting of expert consensus on safety, tolerability, and feasibility). Drafts were revised based on review by patient partners, expert peer review, and a defined expert consensus process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The updated guidelines comprise eight primary topics, in a question-and-answer format, that map a patient care journey from assessment to selection of evidence-based treatments, prevention of recurrence, and strategies for inadequate response. The guidelines adopt a personalized care approach that emphasizes shared decision-making that reflects the values, preferences, and treatment history of the patient with MDD. Tables provide new and updated recommendations for psychological, pharmacological, lifestyle, complementary and alternative medicine, digital health, and neuromodulation treatments. Caveats and limitations of the evidence are highlighted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The CANMAT 2023 updated guidelines provide evidence-informed recommendations for the management of MDD, in a clinician-friendly format. These updated guidelines emphasize a collaborative, personalized, and systematic management approach that will help optimize outcomes for adults with MDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"641-687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11351064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Cannabis Legalization in Canada on the Incidence of Psychosis Consultations in Quebec City's Psychiatric Emergency Services.","authors":"Sophie L'Heureux, Maxime Huot-Lavoie, Audrey Bergeron, Christina Bergeron, Bruno-Pier Blouin, Marc-André Roy","doi":"10.1177/07067437241232901","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241232901","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"630-632"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11298097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139914099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Intergenerational Transfer of Mental Disorders: A Population-Based Multigenerational Linkage Study: Le transfert intergénérationnel des troubles mentaux : une étude sur les liens multigénérationnels basée sur la population.","authors":"Amani F Hamad, Barret A Monchka, James M Bolton, Oleguer Plana-Ripoll, Leslie L Roos, Mohamed Elgendi, Lisa M Lix","doi":"10.1177/07067437241255096","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241255096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aetiology of mental disorders involves genetic and environmental factors, both reflected in family health history. We examined the intergenerational transmission of multiple mental disorders from parents and grandparents using population-based, objectively measured family histories.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based retrospective cohort study used administrative healthcare databases in Manitoba, Canada and included adults living in Manitoba from 1977 to 2020 with linkages to at least one parent and one grandparent. Index date was when individuals turned 18 or 1 April 1977, whichever occurred later. Mental disorder diagnoses (mood and anxiety, substance use and psychotic disorders) were identified in individuals, parents and grandparents from hospitalization and outpatient records. Cox proportional hazards regression models included sociodemographic characteristics, individual's comorbidity and mental disorder history in a grandparent, mother and father.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 109,359 individuals with no mental disorder prior to index date, 47.1% were female, 36.3% had a mental disorder during follow-up, and 90.9% had a parent or grandparent with a history of a mental disorder prior to the index date. Both paternal and maternal history of a mental disorder increased the risk of the disorder in individuals. Psychotic disorders had the strongest association with parental history and were mostly influenced by paternal (hazards ratio [HR] 3.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.99 to 4.64) compared to maternal history (HR 2.23, 95% CI, 1.89 to 2.64). Grandparent history was independently associated with the risk of all mental disorders but had the strongest influence on substance use disorders (HR 1.42, 95% CI, 1.34 to 1.50).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Parental history of mental disorders was associated with an increased risk of all mental disorders. Grandparent history of mental disorders was associated with a small risk increase of the disorders above and beyond parental history influence. This three-generation study further highlights the need for family-based interventional programs in families affected by mental disorders.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary title: </strong>The Intergenerational Transfer of Mental Illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"618-629"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11298095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Depressive Symptoms in Autistic Youth-A Longitudinal Study From the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorders (POND) Network: Prédicteurs des symptômes dépressifs chez les jeunes autistes-une étude longitudinale du Réseau des troubles neurodéveloppementaux de la province de l'Ontario (réseau POND).","authors":"Avery Longmore, Evdokia Anagnostou, Stelios Georgiages, Jessica Jones, Elizabeth Kelley, Danielle Baribeau","doi":"10.1177/07067437241259925","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241259925","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to identify longitudinal predictors of depressive symptoms in autistic children and youth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were youth with a diagnosis of autism who were part of the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Disorders Network longitudinal substudy. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the child behaviour checklist (CBCL) affective problems subscale. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between clinical and demographic characteristics at baseline (T1) and clinically elevated depressive symptoms (CEDS) approximately 4 years later (T2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of participants (<i>n</i> = 75) at T1 was 9.8 years (<i>SD</i> = 2.7) and at T2 was 14.1 years (<i>SD</i> = 2.8). A total of 37% and 35% of participants had CEDS at T1 and T2, respectively. Additionally, 24% of participants had CEDS at both T1 and T2. T1 characteristics associated with T2 CEDS were: loneliness (OR = 3.0, 95% CI, 1.1 to 8.8), self-harm (OR = 4.0, 95% CI, 1.1 to 16.9), suicidal ideation (OR = 3.9, 95% CI, 1.0 to 16.5), more social and adaptive skills (OR = 0.3, 95% CI, 0.1 to 0.9), elevated restricted and repetitive behaviours (OR = 3.8, 95% CI, 1.3 to 11.6), psychotropic medication use (OR = 3.0, 95% CI, 1.1 to 8.4), attention-deficient/hyperactivity disorder (OR = 2.8, 95% CI, 1.1 to 7.8), and T1 CEDS (OR = 8.8, 95% CI, 3.1 to 27.0) (uncorrected for multiple comparisons). Associations persisted after adjusting for age and intelligence quotient (IQ) differences. Age, sex, IQ, teasing/bullying on the CBCL, family psychiatric history and family income were not associated with T2 CEDS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results highlight both high prevalence and high potential for the persistence of depressive symptoms in autism and emphasize the importance of early support to address loneliness and social participation.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"7067437241259925"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}