Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie最新文献

{"title":"Eco-Depression and Eco-Anxiety Among Youth: A Sex and Gender Analysis.","authors":"Louisa L Y Man, Martin Rotenberg, Swelen Andari, Samantha Wells, Hayley A Hamilton, Angela Boak, Sean A Kidd","doi":"10.1177/07067437241287153","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241287153","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"831-833"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Factors for Mental Disorders Among Survivors of Military Sexual Trauma: A Canadian Population-Based Study: Facteurs de protection relatifs à l'apparition de troubles mentaux chez les survivantes et survivants de traumatismes sexuels liés au service militaire : une étude basée sur la population canadienne.","authors":"Jordana L Sommer, Shay-Lee Bolton, Renée El-Gabalawy, Tracie O Afifi, Jitender Sareen, Natalie Mota","doi":"10.1177/07067437241293977","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241293977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Military sexual trauma (MST) is a prevalent issue among actively serving members and Veterans, and is associated with adverse health outcomes including mental disorders. This study sought to identify correlates and protective factors for the development of mental disorders among Canadian MST survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from participants of the longitudinal 2018 Canadian Armed Forces Members and Veterans Mental Health Follow-up Survey (CAFVMHS) who experienced MST (rounded <i>n </i>= 455; 9.6%). A semi-structured diagnostic interview assessed MST and mental disorders in accordance with DSM-IV criteria. Multivariable logistic regressions examined associations between sample characteristics (2002 and 2018) and psychosocial factors (at baseline [i.e., 2002] and 2018) and any mental disorder since 2002. Analyses were run among the full subsample of MST survivors and additionally stratified by sex, when possible.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among MST survivors, 66.5% had a mental disorder since 2002. Among the total sample, those who were officers (odds ratio [OR] = 0.58) or on active duty (OR = 0.52) had reduced odds of any mental disorder since 2002. In addition, less frequent use of avoidance coping in 2002 and 2018 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.86, 0.64), more frequent use of active coping in 2018 (AOR = 0.64), less frequent use of self-medication coping in 2018 (AOR = 0.79), greater perceived social support in 2018 (AOR = 0.94), and reduced work stress across various domains in 2018 (AOR: 0.67-0.87) were associated with reduced odds of any mental disorder since 2002. Some variability emerged according to sex (e.g., types of work stress or coping emerging as protective).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results highlight certain sample characteristics and psychosocial factors that illustrated a protective relationship with mental disorders among MST survivors. Findings may inform targeted intervention strategies that could help mitigate adverse mental health impacts of MST.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"820-830"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual Versus In-Person Follow-up After a Psychiatric Emergency Visit: A Population-Based Cohort Study: Suivi virtuel opposé à en personne après une visite à l'urgence psychiatrique : une étude de cohorte dans la population.","authors":"Matthew Crocker, Anjie Huang, Kinwah Fung, Therese A Stukel, Alene Toulany, Natasha Saunders, Paul Kurdyak, Lucy C Barker, Tanya S Hauck, Martin Rotenberg, Emily Hamovitch, Simone N Vigod","doi":"10.1177/07067437241281068","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241281068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>With increased utilization of virtual care in mental health, examining its appropriateness in various clinical scenarios is warranted. This study aimed to compare the risk of adverse psychiatric outcomes following virtual versus in-person mental health follow-up care after a psychiatric emergency department (ED) visit.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using population-based health administrative data in Ontario (2021), we identified 28,232 adults discharged from a psychiatric ED visit who had a follow-up mental health visit within 14 days postdischarge. We compared those whose first follow-up visit was virtual (telephone or video) versus in-person on their risk for experiencing either a repeat psychiatric ED visit, psychiatric hospitalization, intentional self-injury, or suicide in the 15-90 days post-ED visit. Cox proportional hazard models generated adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusted for age, income quintile, psychiatric hospitalization, and intentional self-injury in the 2 years prior to ED visit. We stratified by sex and diagnosis at index ED visits based on the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Canada (ICD-10-CA) coding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 65% (<i>n</i> = 18,354) of first follow-up visits were virtual, while 35% (<i>n</i> = 9,878) were in-person. About 13.9% and 14.6% of the virtual and in-person groups, respectively, experienced the composite outcome, corresponding to incidence rates of 60.9 versus 74.2 per 1000 person-years (aHR 0.95, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.01). Results were similar for individual elements of the composite outcome, when stratifying by sex and index psychiatric diagnosis, when varying exposure (7 days) and outcome periods (60 and 30 days), and comparing \"only\" virtual versus \"any\" in-person follow-up during the 14-day follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and relevance: </strong>These results support virtual care as a modality to increase access to follow-up after an acute care psychiatric encounter across a wide range of diagnoses. Prospective trials to discern whether this is due to the comparable efficacy of virtual and in-person care, or due solely to appropriate patient selection may be warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"809-819"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Psychiatrists Should Know About Prescribed Safer Opioid Supply.","authors":"Anees Bahji, Marlon Danilewitz, Arushi Sachdev, Nickie Mathew, Wiplove Lamba, Reza Rafizadeh, Nitin Chopra, Arash Dhaliwal, Tony P George, David Crockford, Valerie Primeau, Philip Tibbo, Leslie Buckley, Robert Tanguay","doi":"10.1177/07067437241289964","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241289964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Plain language summary title: </strong>What Psychiatrists Should Know About Prescribed Safer Opioid Supply.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"806-808"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Procognitive Effects of Adjunctive D-Cycloserine to Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation in Major Depressive Disorder: Effets procognitifs de la D-cyclosérine en traitement complémentaire par la stimulation thêta-burst intermittente dans le trouble dépressif caractérisé.","authors":"Marilena M DeMayo, Jaeden Cole, Myren N Sohn, Signe L Bray, Ashley D Harris, Scott B Patten, Alexander McGirr","doi":"10.1177/07067437241293984","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241293984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with cognitive impairments that persist despite successful treatment. Transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive treatment for MDD that is associated with small procognitive effects on working memory and executive function. We hypothesized that pairing stimulation with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor agonism would enhance the effects of stimulation and its procognitive effects.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The effect of NMDA receptor agonism (D-cycloserine, 100 mg) on cognitive performance was tested in two randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials: (1) acute effects of in the absence of stimulation (<i>n </i>= 20 healthy participants) and (2) a treatment study of individuals with MDD (<i>n </i>= 50) randomized to daily intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) with placebo or D-cycloserine for 2 weeks. Cognitive function was measured using the THINC-it battery, comprised of the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire, the Choice Reaction Time, the Trail Making Test, the Digit Symbol Substitution Test, and the 1-Back tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>D-cycloserine had no acute effect on cognition compared to placebo. iTBS + D-cycloserine was associated with significant improvements in subjective cognitive function and correct responses on the 1-Back when compared to iTBS + placebo. Improvements in subjective cognition paralleled depressive symptoms improvement, however 1-Back improvements were not attributable to improvement in depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An intersectional strategy pairing iTBS with NMDA receptor agonism may restore cognitive function in MDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"7067437241293984"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capacity to Consent to Treatment of Substance Use Disorders at Ontario's Consent and Capacity Board: A Review of Past Reported Decisions.","authors":"Tanya S Hauck, Rachel Goud, Michele Warner, Susan Franchuk, Juveria Zaheer, Vicky Stergiopoulos, Victor M Tang, Leslie Buckley","doi":"10.1177/07067437241261488","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241261488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Plain language summary title: </strong>An Ontario review of legal cases which have considered patients' ability to consent to substance use treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"781-783"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141319001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Common Child Mental Health Disorders Using Administrative Health Data and Parent Report in a Prospective Community-Based Cohort from Alberta, Canada: Prévalence des troubles communs de santé mentale de l'enfant à l'aide des données de santé administratives et des rapports des parents dans une cohorte prospective communautaire d'Alberta, Canada.","authors":"N Racine, T Pitt, S Premji, S W McDonald, S B Patten, S Tough, S Madigan","doi":"10.1177/07067437241271708","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241271708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Knowing the prevalence of mental health difficulties in young children is critical for early identification and intervention. In the current study, we examine the agreement among three different data sources estimating the prevalence of diagnoses for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and emotional disorders (i.e., anxiety or mood disorder) for children between birth and 9 years of age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from a prospective pregnancy cohort was linked with provincial administrative health data for children in Alberta, Canada. We report the positive agreement, negative agreement, and Cohen's Kappa of parent-reported child diagnoses provided by a health professional (\"parent report\"), exceeding a clinical cut-off on a standardized questionnaire completed by parents (the Behavior Assessment System for Children, 3rd edition [\"BASC-3\"]), and cumulative inpatient, outpatient, or physician claims diagnoses (\"administrative data\").</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Positive and negative agreement for administrative data and parent-reported ADHD diagnoses were 70.8% and 95.6%, respectively, and 30.5% and 94.9% for administrative data and the BASC-3, respectively. For emotional disorders, administrative data and parent-reported diagnoses had a positive agreement of 35.7% and negative agreement of 96.30%. Positive and negative agreement for emotional disorders using administrative data and the BASC-3 were 20.0% and 87.4%, respectively. Kappa coefficients were generally low, indicating poor chance-corrected agreement between these data sources.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The data sources highlighted in this study provide disparate agreement for the prevalence of ADHD and emotional disorder diagnoses in young children. Low Kappa coefficients suggest that parent-reported diagnoses, clinically elevated symptoms using a standardized questionnaire, and diagnoses from administrative data serve different purposes and provide discrete estimates of mental health difficulties in early childhood.</p><p><strong>Plain language title: </strong>Prevalence of child mental health disorders according to different data sources in Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"768-777"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Epidemiological Study of Physical-Mental Multimorbidity in Youth: Une étude épidémiologique de la morbidité physique-mentale chez les jeunes.","authors":"Shannon V Reaume, Joel A Dubin, Christopher Perlman, Mark A Ferro","doi":"10.1177/07067437241271713","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241271713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This epidemiological study estimated the lifetime prevalence of chronic physical illness (i.e., an illness that lasted or was expected to last ≥6 months) and 6-month prevalence of mental disorder and multimorbidity (i.e., ≥1 physical illness and ≥1 mental disorder) in youth. Associations between physical illness and mental disorder were quantified, including the number of illnesses. Secondary objectives examined factors associated with mental disorder, after controlling for physical illness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data come from 10,303 youth aged 4-17 years in the 2014 Ontario Child Health Study (OCHS). Physical illness was measured using a list of chronic conditions developed by Statistics Canada. Mental disorders were measured using the OCHS Emotional Behavioural Scales. The Health Utility Index Mark III assessed overall functional health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weighted prevalence estimates showed 550,090 (27.8%) youth had physical illness, 291,986 (14.8%) had mental disorder, and 108,435 (5.4%) had multimorbidity. Physical illness was not associated with mental disorder. However, youth with 2 physical illnesses, as compared to no physical illnesses, had increased odds of having any mental (OR = 1.75 [1.08, 2.85]), mood (OR = 2.50 [1.39, 4.48]) and anxiety disorders (OR = 2.40 [1.33, 4.31]). Mean functional health scores demonstrated a dose-response association across health status categories, with the highest scores among healthy youth and the lowest scores among multimorbid youth (all <i>p </i>< .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Chronic physical illness and mental disorders are prevalent in youth. Youths with 2 physical illnesses have a higher likelihood of mental disorders. Higher functional health scores protected against all mental disorders. Mental health interventions for youth should promote strong overall functional health.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary title: </strong>Physical-Mental Multimorbidity in Ontario Youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"749-758"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Bright Light Therapy on Perinatal Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Effet de la luminothérapie sur la dépression périnatale: une revue systématique et une méta-analyse.","authors":"Yujia Chen, Jing Zhao, Jiarun Wang, Li Peng, Zhongxiang Cai, Zhijie Zou, Xiaoli Chen","doi":"10.1177/07067437241248051","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241248051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study represents the inaugural attempt to systematically review and analyse the efficacy of bright light therapy on depression among women experiencing major depressive disorder or depressive symptoms during the perinatal period, encompassing its efficacy on depression scores, remission rates, and response rates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched 10 databases for randomized controlled trials examining bright light therapy's efficacy on perinatal depression up to January 2024. Data extraction was performed independently by 2 investigators. The Cochrane Handbook guidelines appraised the study quality, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach assessed evidence certainty.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We incorporated 6 studies, encompassing 151 participants. When contrasted with dim light therapy, bright light therapy did not significantly alter depression scores (standard mean difference = -0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.62 to 0.04, <i>P</i> = 0.08, <i>I</i>² = 34%) or response rates (risk ratio [RR] = 1.56, 95% CI, 0.98 to 2.49, <i>P</i> = 0.06, <i>I</i>² = 0%) in women experiencing perinatal depression. Conversely, bright light therapy was associated with a substantial increase in remission rates (RR = 2.63, 95% CI, 1.29 to 5.38, <i>P</i> = 0.008, <i>I</i>² = 2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bright light therapy did not show efficacy in treating perinatal depression in terms of depression scores and response rates. However, regarding the remission rate, bright light did show efficacy compared to control conditions. Due to the limited sample size in the included studies, type II err or may occur. To obtain more conclusive evidence, future studies must employ larger sample sizes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"737-748"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary Retention Following Electro-Convulsive Therapy Under General Mask Anesthesia.","authors":"Anthony A Stephenson, Martin D Abel, Juraj Sprung, Robert J Morgan, Darrell R Schroeder, Toby N Weingarten","doi":"10.1177/07067437241271738","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241271738","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"778-780"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}