Child Care Health and Development最新文献

{"title":"Developmental Scores and Prevalence of Functional Difficulty Among Preschool Children in Kenya","authors":"Julia de Kadt,&nbsp;Anita Jeyam,&nbsp;Sheru W. Muuo,&nbsp;George Okello,&nbsp;Emma Jolley,&nbsp;Elena Schmidt","doi":"10.1111/cch.70037","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Disability-inclusive early childhood development and education (ECDE) plays a crucial role in ensuring that all children, including those with disabilities, reach their developmental potential. However, there is little data on the prevalence of disability in mainstream ECDE in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), or on early learning and developmental outcomes of children with disabilities in these classrooms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were collected on 1756 children aged 3–9 years enrolling in ECDE at 18 schools in Homa Bay or Turkana Counties, Kenya, at the start of the 2021 and 2022 school years. The UNICEF/Washington Group Child Functioning Module (CFM) measured the prevalence of functional difficulty, and the International Development Early Learning Assessment (IDELA) measured child development and learning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mainstream classes in sampled preschools included significant proportions of children with functional difficulties (19.9% in Homa Bay; 8.8% in Turkana). In both sites, the odds of having at least one functional difficulty were significantly higher among those aged 5 and above (OR = 2.82 for Homa Bay; 5.76 for Turkana). Multivariate regression found no relationship between functional difficulty and sex or household income.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among children aged 2–4 years in Homa Bay, functional difficulty was most often reported in the domain of controlling behaviour (4.4%), whereas in Turkana, mobility (1.4%) was most common. For children aged 5 and above in Homa Bay, difficulty with accepting change (11%) was most frequently reported, whereas in Turkana it was anxiety (6%).</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Median IDELA scores were 49 in Homa Bay and 31 in Turkana. Scores increased with child age. Regression models accounting for age- and school-level clustering found no statistically significant differences by sex. Functional difficulties were associated with lower median IDELA scores in Turkana only (<i>β</i> = −5.44 [−8.86, −2.02]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings highlight the importance of appropriate, sustainable support for inclusive ECDE in both settled communities and refugee settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Parent and Therapist Experiences of Codelivering Intensive Upper Limb Interventions for Children With Hemiplegia: A Qualitative Study Using the Theoretical Domains Framework","authors":"Jill Massey,&nbsp;Vicki Tsianakas,&nbsp;Anne Gordon,&nbsp;Glenn Robert","doi":"10.1111/cch.70040","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Partnership working between parents and therapists is a key component of family-centred care (FCC). Such partnerships in paediatric intervention delivery can help achieve required levels of dosage, intensity and embed interventions in the child's everyday activities. This study explores the experience and views of parents and therapists codelivering an intensive upper limb intervention programme for children with hemiplegia, to find ways to enhance successful partnership working.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 parents and 8 therapists (3 hospital-based and 5 community-based). To help make evidence-based recommendations, data were analysed using inductive reflexive analysis and mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) of constructs that are common determinants of clinical behaviours or practices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five major themes were identified as follows: (1) realities of accessing intensive intervention, (2) key components of intervention delivery, (3) role of goal setting, (4) importance of partnership and (5) impact of intervention delivery on parents. Our findings showed that overall parents valued involvement in the programme, acknowledging benefits and challenges, as well as aspects in which they needed further support. Hospital therapists identified various education and training needs to improve their capabilities to coach parents and to collaboratively set meaningful goals. Community therapists valued the opportunity to develop their skills in intensive intervention and were keen to see evidence-based interventions offered in the community.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is possible for parents, hospital therapists and community therapists to codeliver intensive upper limb intervention programmes to children with hemiplegia. However, it is important to create a flexible programme which clearly acknowledges the roles, skills and unique contributions of parents and therapists which is conducive to truly equal partnership working in appropriate settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Health Status of Syrian Refugee and Turkish Children, Alongside the Factors Influencing Sociocultural Adaptation of Syrian Children in Türkiye","authors":"Filiz Kunuroglu,&nbsp;Demet Vural Yuzbasi,&nbsp;Selma Kaval,&nbsp;Ebru Kucukyilmaz","doi":"10.1111/cch.70042","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70042","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The objective of this study encompasses two distinct facets. First, it aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the comparative assessment of psychosocial wellbeing and oral health status among Syrian and Turkish children in Türkiye. Secondly, it aims to elucidate the factors that play a role in shaping the sociocultural adaptation of Syrian children.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A cross-sectional survey assessing self-esteem, social anxiety and resilience and clinical examination were conducted on a convenience sample of Syrian refugee and Turkish children. The sample consisted of 396 participants (55.7% male and 44.3% female), including 173 Syrian individuals (43.7%) with a mean age of 14.12 years (&lt;i&gt;SD&lt;/i&gt; = 2.24), and 223 Turkish individuals (56.3%) with a mean age of 12.44 years (&lt;i&gt;SD&lt;/i&gt; = 2.47). Sociocultural adaptation and perceived discrimination scales were also taken by refugee children.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Overall, psychosocial wellbeing, academic success and oral health outcomes of refugee participants were lower than those of the Turkish general population. Specifically, independent samples &lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;-test revealed that Syrian refugee children exhibited higher levels of social anxiety (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;(384) = 3.138, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.005), higher resilience (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;(384) = 3.866, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), lower self-esteem (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;(389) = 4.614, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) and poorer academic performance (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;(370.981) = −8.441, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) compared to Turkish children. In terms of oral health, Syrian children exhibited significantly higher levels of dental health problems, including DMFT (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;(394) = 4.203, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001), DMFS (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;(394) = 4.858, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) and PPD (&lt;i&gt;t&lt;/i&gt;(394) = 15.09, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) than their Turkish counterparts. A one-way ANOVA showed that socio-economic status was an important factor in psychosocial and oral health outcomes, except for psychological resilience (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;(2,378) = 0.029, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.971). Children from low socioeconomic backgrounds showed higher levels of social anxiety (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt; (2,376) = 10.704, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.00), lower academic performance (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;(2,365) = 33.119, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.00) and poorer oral health outcomes including DMFT (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;(2,381) = 7.230, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001), DMFS (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;(2,381) = 4.983, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.007) and PPD (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;(2,381) = 22.463, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.00). Pearson correlation analyses indicated that sociocultural adaptation of refugees was positively associated with their resilience (&lt;i&gt;r =&lt;/i&gt; 0.45, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01), and negatively associated with perceived disc","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11753904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of the Evidence on Discharge From Hospital to Home for Children With Medical Complexity and Their Parents: A Review of the Literature","authors":"Lyndsay Mackay,&nbsp;Tammie Dewan,&nbsp;Jaanvi Lal,&nbsp;K. Alix Hayden,&nbsp;Una Chang","doi":"10.1111/cch.70031","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children with medical complexity (CMC) require complex care that parents must independently provide and manage when discharged home from hospital. It is important that parents are adequately prepared to safely transition home from hospital with their child.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A synthesis of findings from research articles was conducted to map and summarize available evidence on CMC and their parents' experiences of discharge from hospital to home. A total of 32 studies were included in this review. Thematic analysis was used to analyze and describe the data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The following key themes were developed during data analysis: preparation and readiness, aids for discharge, overwhelmed with the transition, frustration with time to get home, difficulties with transitions and discharge interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings demonstrate the importance of taking steps to ensure CMC and their parents undergo a thorough and planned discharge process to prepare parents to confidently provide safe care to their children in the home. Approaches and strategies for comprehensive and safe discharge are provided.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paediatricians' Perspectives Surrounding Identification and Management of Early Childhood Disorders in the United States","authors":"Samantha Brener,&nbsp;Anna Wright","doi":"10.1111/cch.70041","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since 2001, the American Academy of Pediatrics has released and twice revised guidelines tasking paediatricians with screening children for developmental disorders, but diagnoses are often delayed. Paediatricians in the United States are also responsible for referring patients with identified concerns for services and for managing their long-term care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review aims to chronologically synthesize available literature about paediatricians' perspectives surrounding their roles in identifying and managing early childhood disorders and to identify how future interventions can best address these perspectives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early childhood disorders (ECDs) were defined as developmental delays and autism spectrum disorder. A literature search was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar. Surveys, interviews, focus groups and analyses of paediatricians' perspectives on their roles in identifying and managing children with ECDs were included if they were performed in the United States and published in a peer-reviewed journal in or after 2001. Literature was reviewed and analysed by sorting key findings into categories of ‘knowledge’, ‘attitudes’ and ‘confidence’, then organizing chronologically within each category.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 122 publications identified, 19 were selected and reviewed, revealing some overlying themes. First, paediatricians desire more training on ECDs, especially in assisting with navigation of intervention programs. Second, negative attitudes towards roles in identifying and managing ECDs have remained relatively consistent since 2001. Third, paediatricians' confidence declines from identification to long-term management of ECDs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review chronologically synthesizes paediatricians' knowledge, attitudes and confidence surrounding their roles in identifying children with ECDs, referring them to other professionals and managing their long-term care. Paediatricians are not solely responsible for these tasks, as other medical professionals, families, therapists and educators work together to care for these children. This review provides recommendations, such as enhancing training programs and utilizing care coordinators, to address perspectives that may result in suboptimal patient care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sand Play and 0- to 8-Year-Old Children's Physical, Cognitive and Socioemotional Outcomes: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review","authors":"Susanna Iivonen,&nbsp;Titta Kettukangas,&nbsp;Anne Soini,&nbsp;Helena Viholainen","doi":"10.1111/cch.70034","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sand play (SP) is a global phenomenon that may be linked to children's health outcomes, but limited evidence exists. The purpose was to synthesize evidence on the association between SP and 0- to 8-year-old children's physical, cognitive and socioemotional outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CINAHL, Academic Search Premier, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus with Full Text, ERIC, Medline, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched. Studies were eligible if 0- to 8-year-old children's outcomes were reported while attending SP. Synthesis was performed using effect direction (quantitative), thematic (qualitative), narrative and results-based convergent synthesis incorporating the risk of bias and confidence in the evidence assessments. Studies were grouped by SP exposure context as education, leisure and rehabilitation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effect direction (Nstudies = 17; Nchildren = 677), thematic (Nstudies = 8; Nchildren = 131) and narrative (Nstudies = 8; Nchildren = 11 784) syntheses included 28 studies published in 1993–2023 (Ntotal = 12 646; Mchildage = 3–6 years; Mgirls 41%; Methnicity Asian 3%, African American/Black/Hispanic 8%, European American/White/Non-Hispanic 56%, Multi-ethnic 36%). Based on very low to moderate confidence in the evidence, findings indicated inconsistent associations between educational, rehabilitational and leisure SP and children's physical, cognitive and socioemotional outcomes. There was inconsistent evidence on the occurrence of SP by children's gender and age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SP may enhance some childhood outcomes. However, high-quality controlled designs describing the exposure to SP are needed to inform the effectiveness of SP on children's health and development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Parents Are the First Tutors of Their Child’: Parents' Perception of Responsibility on Practicing Speech–Language Home Program During COVID-19 Lockdown","authors":"Yee Yan Wong,&nbsp;Joo Siew Yap,&nbsp;Shin Ying Chu,&nbsp;Giuditta Smith,&nbsp;Pui Juan Woi,&nbsp;Siaw Chui Chai,&nbsp;Lay Shi Ng,&nbsp;Ling-Yi Lin,&nbsp;Maria Garraffa","doi":"10.1111/cch.70038","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Some families faced difficulties accessing speech therapy in some areas of Malaysia and/or during the COVID-19 lockdown. Therefore, parent-mediated intervention could be one of the ways to solve this issue, as it has been proven to effectively improve communication skills among children with communication disorders. Hence, a Mandarin parental guidebook comprising a series of language stimulation activities was developed to explore the perception of parents of children with communication disorders, ranging from 3 to 6 years old, regarding the feasibility of (1) conducting speech–language home programs and (2) using a home-based parental guidebook as a tool to deliver a speech–language home program.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design, Setting and Participants</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Semistructured interviews were conducted with nine Malaysian parents of child (ren) with communication disorders, who fulfilled the inclusionary criteria. Parents had attempted the speech–language home program by using the guidebook prior to the interview. The participants were subjected to 45-min to 1-h interviews. The interviews were audio- or video-recorded for verbatim transcription. Thematic analysis was used for data interpretation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four main themes were identified: (1) ‘<i>Golden Period</i>’: a guidebook to deliver speech–language home program, (2) perception of the speech–language home program among parents of children with communication disorders, (3) challenges faced by parents when practicing speech–language home program and (4) suggestions for improvements: parent's needs. The themes informed the perspective of parents towards the user experience of the parental guidebook, the feasibility of the speech–language home program and their recommendations. Overall, participants conveyed positive responses on the parental guidebook.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Malaysian parents face difficulties in accessing speech therapy because of limited numbers of SLTs, geographical barriers, financial constraints, availability of facilities and so forth. Findings could assist SLTs in adopting a family-centred approach in their service delivery, thus increasing the cost-effectiveness of their service delivery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Performance of Ankle- and Waist-Based Accelerometry in Quantifying Physical Activity Intensity Among 6- to 24-Month-Year-Olds: A Semistructured Laboratory Study","authors":"Hannah J. Dorris,&nbsp;Delaina D. Carlson,&nbsp;Grace A. Ballarino,&nbsp;Nanette V. Lopez,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Emond","doi":"10.1111/cch.70035","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aim to quantify the performance of accelerometry in objectively measuring physical activity (PA) intensity among infants and toddlers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-eight 6- to 24-month-olds participated in a 30-min, semistructured lab visit. Twenty-three (61%) children could walk independently. Children engaged in a variety of activities while wearing accelerometers on each ankle and at the waist. Visits were video recorded, and study team members independently coded the first three 5-s epochs of each minute for PA intensity using a 5-level scale ranging from 1 = <i>completely sedentary</i> to 5 = <i>moderate-to-high intensity</i>. Interrater agreement for PA classifications was excellent (median kappa per child = 0.85). A series of logistic regression models were fit to find the vector magnitude threshold per 5-s epoch that differentiated activity intensity above each PA level with ≥ 80% sensitivity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analyses included 3191 epochs; a median of 88 epochs per child. The classification performance applying all thresholds concurrently for the five PA intensity levels was poor for each wear location (agreement &lt; 50%, kappa &lt; 0.25). Classification improved when concatenating intensity levels, with the best performance comparing sedentary (levels 1–2) to nonsedentary (levels 3–5) and using data from the left ankle device: agreement ≥ 77.6%, kappa ≥ 0.44. Applying those novel thresholds to predict the total time spent in level 3–5 activities over all coded epochs using linear regression performed as well as using the sum of vector magnitude across epochs when using data from the left ankle device. Overall, the performance of the left ankle wear location was similar to the right ankle wear location and superior to the waist location.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ankle-worn accelerometry had adequate validity to classify in-the-moment nonsedentary behaviours and total time spent nonsedentary over a time interval among this sample of infants and toddlers. While caution is warranted when generalizing these lab-based findings to naturalistic settings, findings provide insight into objective measures of PA for this age range.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11730355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Years Practitioners' and Public Health Consultants' Perspectives on the Use of Interactive Electronic Devices in Young Children: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Liane B. Azevedo,&nbsp;Megan Downes,&nbsp;Sara Eastburn,&nbsp;Jane Covell,&nbsp;Paul Bissell","doi":"10.1111/cch.70022","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Interactive electronic devices (IEDs) are ubiquitous in young children's lives. However, research on their impact on learning and development is still limited. The aim of this study was to understand the perspectives of early years practitioners (EYPs) and public health consultants (PHCs) on the use of IEDs in children aged 3–5.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using purposive sampling techniques, we recruited four EYPs and two PHCs from children's nurseries and a government organisation in the northwest of England. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data, which were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and anonymised. Data were analysed using reflective thematic analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EYPs and PHCs noted that although IEDs could negatively impact child development and behaviour, they could also aid in learning. EYPs expressed concerns about the impact of parents' own IED habits on children's communication and social skills. On the other hand, PHCs stressed that substituting outdoor play with the use of these devices could affect children's social and physical skills and reduce physical activity levels, which are crucial for development. Finally, both EYPs and PHCs agreed that there was a need to improve parents' and EYP's knowledge and to develop interactive interventions to promote an understanding of how IEDs should be used with young children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EYPs and PHCs acknowledge the potential advantages of using IEDs as a teaching tool for children. However, they have concerns about the long-term effects on communication, social and physical skills and how children are impacted by their parents' use of these devices. To support policy statements, future research should offer further evidence of the benefits and harms of IED use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Social Disadvantage on Medical and Functional Severity in Children With Cerebral Palsy","authors":"Theresa Sukal-Moulton,&nbsp;Michael E. Msall,&nbsp;Kristen Wroblewski,&nbsp;Sarah Safdar,&nbsp;Deborah J. Gaebler-Spira","doi":"10.1111/cch.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cch.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Those with neurological disorders like cerebral palsy (CP) may experience an altered impact of social determinates of health on child functioning and well-being. We investigated the relationship between relative social advantage and medical and functional outcomes in a large cohort of children, adolescents and young adults with CP (<i>n</i> = 1269, aged 2–84 years).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We extracted data from the Cerebral Palsy Research Registry and dichotomized a range of independent factors (income, ethnicity and race) into advantaged and disadvantaged/vulnerable and a range of medical and functional outcomes (gross motor, manual ability, behaviour, breathing, nutritional intake, hearing, seizures, language and vision) and computed odds ratios using logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found significantly more gross and fine motor functional limitations for those with disadvantage in income (<i>p</i> = 0.002 and 0.006), marginalized race (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 and 0.062) or ethnicity (<i>p</i> = 0.013 and 0.014). Ethnicity was further implicated in gestational age, whereas minority race played a role in more severe impairments in breathing, nutritional intake, language functioning and low birth weight status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found evidence of more health and functional challenges for children with CP and social disadvantage in our cohort. Additional access to equitable resources may improve these imbalances and should be prioritized.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55262,"journal":{"name":"Child Care Health and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11710948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}