Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology最新文献

{"title":"The impact of short-term hyposalinity stress on the Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas) infested with boring sponges (Pione vastifica)","authors":"Ekaterina S. Kladchenko ,&nbsp;Olga L. Gostyukhina ,&nbsp;Daria S. Lavrichenko ,&nbsp;Viktoria A. Uppe ,&nbsp;Ekaterina A. Vodiasova ,&nbsp;Elina S. Chelebieva","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effects of 16-h short-term hyposalinity stress on the functional state of hemocytes in the Pacific oyster <em>Magallana gigas</em> (Thunberg, 1793) infected with the boring sponge <em>Pione vastifica</em> (Hancock, 1849). We also studied pro-oxidant-antioxidant status, expression of genes associated with oxidative stress and heat shock proteins, growth arrest and DNA damage in the <em>M. gigas</em> mantle. Our results showed a significant increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in hemocytes under exposure of salinity 5 psu and 10 psu. A decrease in salinity from 18 psu to 10 psu led to a significant increase in superoxide dismutase activity in bivalves mantle. However, no alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential in hemocytes, catalase activity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels, gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, and heat shock protein expression in the mantle under low salinity exposure were observed. The changes in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance during sponge infestation under low salinity conditions indicate the development of oxidative stress in this mollusk. Heat shock proteins, which can protect bivalves against osmotic stress, did not show higher expression under sponge infestation and hyposalinity stress conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 111925"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of redox metabolism during hibernation in the apple snail Pomacea canaliculata under natural and laboratory-controlled conditions","authors":"Maximiliano Giraud-Billoud ,&nbsp;Marcelo Hermes-Lima","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Preparation for oxidative stress (POS) is an adaptive strategy for tolerating adverse environmental conditions. It has been demonstrated in over one hundred animals, but the vast majority of the work was done under controlled-laboratory conditions and not in nature. There are no studies evaluating this strategy in the same species comparing laboratory and natural conditions. This study aimed to determine whether POS happens in <em>Pomacea canaliculata</em> snails both in the laboratory (controls versus 7-day hibernation) and in animals collected in the wild (summer versus cold-winter hibernation). The activity of antioxidant enzymes, antioxidant capacity (ABTS), lipid peroxidation levels (TBARS), uric acid, and expression of redox-sensitive transcription factors were determined in foot muscle. Hibernating wild-snails presented increased TBARS compared to summer ones, as well as the activities of SOD and catalase and levels of uric acid; ABTS decreased in winter animals. In laboratory conditions, hibernating snails also exhibited increased TBARS, catalase and glutathione S-transferase and a decrease in ABTS levels. Gene expression of Nrf2 increased in laboratory-hibernation whereas HIF-1α decreased in field-hibernation. Our study shows for the first time that the POS phenotype is similar in lab and wild conditions—hibernating snails exhibit higher lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in both.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 111918"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144828868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising hatchery release strategies: Size-dependent training effects on the swimming performance of juvenile Schizothorax wangchiachii","authors":"Yuxin Fan ,&nbsp;Yan Lu ,&nbsp;Maohua Li ,&nbsp;Longjun Deng ,&nbsp;Xiaoshuai Liu ,&nbsp;Zhaobin Song","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The success of fish stock enhancement programmes is often limited by the high mortality of hatchery-reared individuals after their release. Poor swimming performance, a critical factor for survival, is a key reason for this low success rate. While exercise training can improve the physical fitness of fish, it is unclear whether these benefits are consistent across different sizes and developmental stages. Here, we aimed to determine how exercise training affects the aerobic and anaerobic swimming performance of the important economic fish, <em>Schizothorax wangchiachii</em>, across two different body size (age) classes. We subjected two sizes of hatchery-reared juvenile <em>S. wangchiachii</em> (4-month-old and 16-month-old) to 30 days of training. The fish underwent either high-speed aerobic training, low-speed aerobic training, anaerobic training, or were left untrained (control group). Following the training period, we measured their aerobic performance (critical swimming speed) and anaerobic performance (endurance time). We then compared these results with the performance of wild-caught juveniles of a similar age to the smaller cohort to gauge the effectiveness of the training. The training effects were strongly dependent on fish size. Aerobic exercise significantly improved the aerobic and anaerobic swimming performance of the smaller, 4-month-old juveniles. However, the training regimes had a much less pronounced effect on the larger, 16-month-old fish, with only their anaerobic performance showing some improvement. The low-speed aerobic training successfully raised the swimming capacity of the small hatchery-reared fish to a level that was not significantly different from their wild counterparts. Smaller juvenile <em>S. wangchiachii</em> benefit substantially more from aerobic exercise training than larger individuals. Therefore, considering both the training costs and the significant performance gains, implementing a low-speed aerobic exercise programme for smaller juveniles is the most effective and preferable strategy to prepare them for release, enhancing their potential for survival in the natural environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 111926"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144926319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does cooling affect skeletal muscle glycogen replenishment after an acute bout of fear-induced exertional hyperthermia in blesbok (Damaliscus pygargus phillipsi)?","authors":"Tertius A. Kohn ,&nbsp;Mahmooda Martin ,&nbsp;Kathryn M. van Boom ,&nbsp;Byron Donaldson ,&nbsp;Dee M. Blackhurst ,&nbsp;Agustina Fitte ,&nbsp;Richard Burroughs ,&nbsp;Johan C.A. Steyl ,&nbsp;Amelia Goddard ,&nbsp;Leith C.R. Meyer","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rhabdomyolyses is a clinical sign of capture myopathy in wild animals and may be linked to glycogen metabolism. To study potential mechanisms, 26 wild blesbok were chased for 15 min and immobilised, whereafter 12 of these blesbok were doused with ice-water (<em>n</em> = 14 chased only group; <em>n</em> = 12 chased + cooled group). An additional 12 blesbok served as resting (not chased) uncooled controls. <em>Vastus lateralis</em> biopsies were obtained after immobilisation for biochemical analyses. Biopsies obtained at initial capture, 3- and 16-days post exercise were analysed for glycogen content. Blesbok muscles contained predominantly myosin heavy chain (MHC) IIA (∼50 ± 9 %), followed by IIX (32 ± 10 %) and MHC I (18 ± 5 %), with no difference between groups. Citrate synthase (mean: 87 ± 48), 3-hydroxyacetyl co A dehydrogenase (47 ± 17), lactate dehydrogenase (1567 ± 654), phosphorylase (162 ± 94), phosphofructokinase (250 ± 123) and creatine kinase (12,455 ± 6372) activities (in μmol/min/g prot) were not different between groups. Similarly, superoxide dismutase (7.9 ± 7 U/mg prot), catalase (8.8 ± 5.8 mmol/min/g prot), and overall antioxidant capacity (ORAC: 23055 ± 18,460 μmol/g prot) were not different between groups. Glycogen content was reduced in both chased groups and not replenished by day 3. Glycogen supercompensation was observed on day 16 in both chased groups (∼33 % higher than resting control group). The results confirm that blesbok have high muscle metabolic capacities, and that glycogen resynthesis is slow, which could lead to metabolite deficiency during prolonged chase events (&gt;15 min).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 111921"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and functional characterization of a soluble recombinant molt-inhibiting hormone in the mud crab Scylla olivacea","authors":"Wanwipa Ittarat ,&nbsp;Patchari Yocawibun ,&nbsp;Phimsucha Bunphimpapha ,&nbsp;Paveena Tapaneeyaworawong ,&nbsp;Parichat Chumtong ,&nbsp;Sirinart Techa","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <em>molt-inhibiting hormone</em> gene of the mud crab <em>Scylla olivacea</em> (<em>ScoMIH</em>) was successfully cloned and characterized, encoding a 113-amino-acid precursor with a 78-amino-acid mature peptide. Similar to other Brachyuran crabs, <em>ScoMIH</em> is exclusively expressed in the eyestalk ganglia (ES) with slightly higher expression levels during the intermolt stage. To produce a biologically active recombinant ScoMIH, a fusion construct incorporating thioredoxin (Trx) and a His₆ tag was designed, yielding a soluble 27 kDa protein. Functional assays demonstrated that Trx-ScoMIH effectively suppressed the expression of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in activated Y-organs, leading to reduced ecdysteroid secretion. Furthermore, <em>in vivo</em> administration of Trx-ScoMIH delayed and prolonged the molting process, mimicking the natural molt cycle observed in intact crabs. This study reports the successful production of a soluble, biologically active recombinant ScoMIH, providing a valuable tool for investigating MIH signaling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 111920"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in expression of ferroptosis-related genes and oxidative stress level between chicken breast and thigh muscles","authors":"Tomonori Nakanishi ,&nbsp;Jun Wakamatsu ,&nbsp;Saki Nemoto ,&nbsp;Akihiro Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Laurie Erickson ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kawahara","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulated cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation. In the skeletal muscle of mammals, where oxidative stress plays an important role in lipid peroxidation, ferroptosis is involved in various diseases and aging. However, the role of ferroptosis in avian skeletal muscle remains underexplored. This study investigated the gene expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (<em>GPX4</em>) and other ferroptosis-related genes, along with oxidative stress markers in chicken skeletal muscles, focusing on the breast (pectoralis major) and thigh (iliotibialis lateralis) muscles. Gene expression was analyzed using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress were evaluated by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation byproduct, and by evaluating the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Our results showed that <em>GPX4</em> gene expression was significantly higher in the thigh muscle compared to the breast muscle. Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (<em>FSP1</em>) expression was also higher in the thigh muscle, while ferritin heavy chain 1 (<em>FTH1</em>) expression was lower in the thigh muscle than in the breast muscle. In contrast, lipid peroxidation, indicated by MDA levels, was higher in the breast muscle, correlating with a lower GSH/GSSG ratio, indicating that the breast muscle is more susceptible to ferroptosis than the thigh muscle. Additionally, the expression of <em>FSP1</em> and <em>FTH1</em> showed significant correlations with oxidative stress markers, highlighting their roles in regulating ferroptosis in avian skeletal muscle. This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in avian skeletal muscle, suggesting that regulatory processes may vary between muscle types.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 111919"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein synthesis increases with meal size and correlates with postprandial metabolic rate and organ mass in Burmese pythons (Python bivittatus)","authors":"Katja B. Last ,&nbsp;Emil Rindom ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Labouriau ,&nbsp;Per G. Henriksen ,&nbsp;Tobias Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feeding is associated with large increases in metabolism (Specific Dynamic Action of food; SDA response) and rapid growth of many visceral organs in the Burmese python (<em>Python bivittatus</em>). Both magnitude and duration of the SDA response increases with meal size, which has been attributed to the extra digestive workload with increasing meal size. However, recent data shows a large increase in postprandial protein synthesis, which aligns with the high growth-efficiency of pythons, suggesting that postprandial protein synthesis is involved in tissue remodelling and plays a pivotal role in the SDA response. In this study, we investigated whether meal size correlates with protein synthesis, oxygen consumption, organ mass, and plasma amino acid concentrations in Burmese pythons. The results showed that both oxygen consumption, and protein synthesis increased with meal size. Comparison of models revealed that both meal size and protein synthesis independently drive the variation in organ mass, this supports that protein synthesis drives the organ growth seen during the postprandial period. Although slightly declined at the largest meal size, the rise in protein synthesis likely involves both substrate availability and hormonal regulation. These findings reinforce the concept that protein synthesis is a key driver of the SDA response and the postprandial organ flexibility of Burmese pythons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 111916"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline peripheral serotonin levels in two sympatric Podarcis lizard species","authors":"Matea Brižić ,&nbsp;Romana Gračan ,&nbsp;Barbara Nikolić ,&nbsp;Sofia Ana Blažević","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT) plays a crucial role in modulating physiological and behavioral traits in vertebrates, nonetheless little is known about its peripheral function in reptiles. Differences in central serotonin levels and behavior under serotonergic control have been observed in two sympatric lacertid lizard – <em>Podarcis siculus</em> and <em>P. melisellensis.</em> We compared baseline peripheral serotonin and tryptophan (Trp) levels, along with intestinal morphology, in these two species known to differ in behavior and invasiveness. Serum 5HT and Trp were measured using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-DAD, and intestinal enterochromaffin (EC) cell density and tissue morphology were assessed histologically (<em>N</em> = 82). <em>Podarcis melisellensis</em> exhibited significantly higher serum 5HT concentrations, particularly in males, with no corresponding differences in Trp levels or EC cell density. Histological analysis showed preserved intestinal architecture and similar structures in all examined individuals. Histomorphometric analysis revealed sex- and species-specific variation in intestinal structure, independent of sampling location. These findings suggest that interspecies differences in peripheral serotonin homeostasis may arise from physiological mechanisms beyond EC cell abundance, possibly involving altered precursor availability, synthesis, or degradation. Our results highlight peripheral serotonin as a potential physiological marker underlying behavioral and ecological divergence between closely related lizard species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 111924"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144979322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An energetic conundrum: contradictory relationship between energetic state and heat tolerance during progressive air exposure in a tropical high-shore gastropod","authors":"M Akram Ullah ,&nbsp;Cristián J. Monaco ,&nbsp;David J. Marshall","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-shore intertidal gastropods experience energy-demanding thermo-dehydrative stressful conditions during air emersion, related to their vertical position and the habitat heterogeneity. Simultaneously, these gastropods are forced to downregulate metabolism when resting in air to limit dehydration and ensure energetic homeostasis under conditions of constrained food (energy) intake, due to prolonged inactivity. We investigated this apparent conundrum by studying the temporal patterning of metabolic depression and the influence of depressed metabolism on heat tolerance of the tropical high-shore snail, <em>Planaxis sulcatus,</em> during progressive air emersion. We compared cardiac thermal performance (a proxy for metabolic performance) of snails pre-exposed to different periods of air emersion (field fresh, 5 d and 10 d) and different levels of dehydration and heat stress, mimicking naturally sunned or shaded resting habitats. Compared to early air emersion, long resting periods under benign (shaded) conditions suppressed cardiac thermal performance and elevated heat tolerance, responses mostly not modified by dehydration or heat stress. Cardiac (energetic) suppression was temporally idiosyncratic among individuals, becoming more uniform with longer air emersion. Reanalyzed data comparing higher and lower metabolic (energetic) states across the treatments showed greater heat tolerance in lower-energetic snails. The apparent energetic conundrum of simultaneously needing to support energetically-demanding protective heat tolerance and energetically-conserving metabolic depression can be explained by an early highly energy-demanding preparatory stage, which hardens snails for the duration of aestivation, irrespective of the resting habitat conditions. Our observed temporal patterning of metabolism provides an excellent framework for molecular and cellular investigation of high-shore snails.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 111917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low temperature-driven physiological responses in ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta): Stress, inflammation, and liver health","authors":"Peter Almaiz Palma ,&nbsp;Richard Broughton ,&nbsp;Elfred John C. Abacan ,&nbsp;Eduardo Jiménez-Fernández ,&nbsp;Alejandro P. Gutierrez ,&nbsp;Herve Migaud ,&nbsp;Mónica B. Betancor","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2025.111923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abstract</div><div>This study investigated the impact of winter conditions on the physiology of ballan wrasse (<em>Labrus bergylta</em>), a widely used biological control agent in salmon farming. Fish were subjected to temperatures encompassing winter and summer conditions for short-term (8 days at 6, 10, or 14 °C) or long-term (2.5 months at 7 or 15 °C) period. Their stress, inflammatory, and hepatic responses were then examined. After short-term exposure, no significant differences were found in terms of morphology (bod weight, total length, condition factor), levels of stress markers (cortisol, glucose, and head kidney expression of stress-related genes), and inflammatory markers (circulating lipid inflammatory mediators, liver expression of <em>cox</em> and <em>lox</em> genes). However, at 6 °C, fish exhibited lower lactate levels and increased head kidney <em>cyp11a1</em> expression, indicating some metabolic and physiological changes during thermal acclimation. In comparison, long-term exposure to 7 °C resulted in stunted growth, along with elevated levels of stress markers, indicating tertiary stress response. Additionally, long-term exposure to 7 °C significantly lowered the levels of lipid anti-inflammatory mediators, particularly those synthesized by COX and derived from DHA and EPA, while increasing the pro-inflammatory cytokine <em>il-1β</em> expression in the head kidney, suggesting a heightened inflammatory capacity at low temperatures. Moreover, ballan wrasse at 7 °C displayed a larger hepatosomatic index and enlarged hepatocytes, indicative of energy substrate accumulation and storage in the liver. Findings highlight the physiological challenges and adaptive responses of ballan wrasse to winter temperatures, providing crucial insights for optimising farming practices and enhancing species' health, welfare and performance during deployment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 111923"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}