Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Seasonal sleep-wake patterns of plateau zokors (Eospalax baileyi)","authors":"Xing-Wen Yang ,&nbsp;Hai-Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Pei-Lin Hui ,&nbsp;Jun-Fan Xie ,&nbsp;Yi-Ping Hou ,&nbsp;Yu-Feng Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plateau zokors (<em>Eospalax baileyi</em>), endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), are solitary subterranean rodents that spend their lifespan within underground burrows. Although the activity rhythms of the plateau zokors have been slightly documented, their sleep-wake patterns and seasonal variations remain unclear. Here, we investigated the sleep-wake patterns of wild-caught plateau zokors during spring and autumn using polysomnographic (PSG) recordings in the lab, and compared the findings with those of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. We found that plateau zokors exhibit three clearly distinguishable brain states: wakefulness (W), non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Under complete darkness in spring, they showed rhythmic-like activity. Compared with daytime periods, they spent significantly more time in wakefulness (398.88 ± 15.02 min <em>vs.</em> 320.55 ± 23.69 min, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and less time both in NREM sleep (257.32 ± 11.28 min <em>vs.</em> 312.23 ± 18.18 min, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) and REM sleep (63.80 ± 6.63 min <em>vs.</em> 87.22 ± 7.27 min, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) during the nocturnal period (local time). Although the plateau zokors in autumn did not exhibit significant rhythmic-like activity, they showed higher levels of wakefulness in the awake state and shallower sleep during sleep. Notably, plateau zokors had longer and more stable REM sleep compared to SD rats. These findings provide new empirical evidence for adaptive strategies in sleep ecophysiology and help reveal the functions and evolutionary strategies of sleep.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 111984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146159236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics investigation of energy metabolism adaptation strategies of liver in female rainbow trout under critical thermal minimum conditions","authors":"Zixuan Zhong,&nbsp;Yujun Kang,&nbsp;Chunmei Zhang,&nbsp;Shuangcheng Chang,&nbsp;Jichang Liu,&nbsp;Yueqing Wang,&nbsp;Jinlian Wu,&nbsp;Jianfu Wang,&nbsp;Jinqiang Huang,&nbsp;Zhe Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Temperature is a fundamental environmental determinant in fish physiology. Rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>), a globally farmed cold-water economic fish and a model in environmental physiology, faces severe acute cold stress during farming and transportation, which threatens its survival and the sustainability of the industry. When exposed to temperatures close to its critical thermal minimum (CT_min), this poses a significant physiological challenge for the species. This study elucidates the systemic hepatic metabolic response of female rainbow trout to acute CT_min stress. We determined the CT_min of the experimental cohort at 0.2 °C through gradient cooling. Non-targeted metabolomics of liver tissue revealed 113 differentially abundant metabolites between the CT_min treatment group (TG, <em>n</em> = 6, 0.2 °C) and control group (CG, n = 6, 12 °C). Statistical filtering (VIP &gt; 1, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05, FC ≥ 1.5 or ≤ 0.667) identified eight key metabolites—including arginine and phenylalanine—that were significantly enriched in pathways central to amino acid biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Concomitant enzyme activity assays demonstrated that CT_min exposure triggered a coordinated hepatic response characterized by downregulated energy and amino acid metabolism, compromised cell membrane integrity associated with phospholipid dysregulation, and attenuated antioxidant capacity. Our results define a clear metabolic reprogramming in the rainbow trout liver during critical low-temperature stress, providing a mechanistic framework for understanding cold adaptation in teleosts and revealing potential metabolic markers for thermal limit assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 111985"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146183618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is oxidative stress in the brain correlated with plasma markers of oxidative stress?","authors":"Caleb N. Zimmerman ,&nbsp;Ryan Y. Wong ,&nbsp;Peter D. Dijkstra","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxidative stress in the brain may contribute to the onset and progression of mental health disorders. Markers of oxidative stress in serum or blood plasma have been used to predict cognitive decline or identify subjects at risk of developing neurodegenerative disease. However, plasma markers of oxidative stress are rarely directly linked to patterns of oxidative stress in the brain in the same study. Here, we assessed whether peripheral markers of oxidative stress were positively linked to oxidative stress measurements from several macrodissected brain divisions in a highly social cichlid fish, <em>Astatotilapia burtoni</em>. We generated composite measures of brain oxidative stress marker variation by performing principal component analysis on brain markers including oxidative DNA damage (8-OHdG), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and glutathione levels measured across four brain divisions in dominant and subordinate males. We found that plasma oxidative damage, measured as derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs), was not significantly associated with the first two principal components representing brain oxidative stress marker patterns. The link between plasma total antioxidant capacity and brain oxidative stress patterns (PC1 and PC2) varied between dominant and subordinate individuals, but within these social states there were no significant associations between plasma TAC and brain oxidative stress marker patterns. Our study suggests that plasma markers of oxidative stress are poor predictors of individual oxidative stress levels in specific brain divisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 111979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146159291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time- and dose-dependent effects of bacterial infection on iron metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress in the juvenile soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis","authors":"Yang Lu,&nbsp;Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Cuijuan Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pathogen-induced high mortality is a severe problem in turtle cultures. Increasing evidence indicates that pathogenic infection may disrupt iron homeostasis, thereby creating a vicious cycle of iron imbalance–inflammation–oxidative stress. However, the effects of infection on iron metabolism and related physiological traits in turtles remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the response of iron metabolism in juvenile soft-shelled turtles (<em>Pelodiscus sinensis</em>) under acute bacterial challenge and its association with inflammation and oxidative stress. We intraperitoneally injected juvenile <em>P. sinensis</em> (108 ± 2.5 g) with the recently identified pathogen <em>Elizabethkingia anophelis</em> at concentrations of 0, 3.24 × 10⁷, 8.10 × 10⁷, and 1.62 × 10⁸ colony-forming units per millilitre (CFU/mL) in a volume of 0.2 mL. We sampled at 6, 24, and 120 h postinjection to assess the physiological responses to bacterial invasion. The results revealed that haemolysis developed as time progressed and the bacterial dose increased, accompanied by a decrease in plasma iron concentration. Moreover, the expression levels of iron metabolism–related genes in the liver and spleen—<em>hepcidin</em>, <em>transferrin</em>, <em>TFR1</em>, and <em>FTH1</em>—increased, whereas <em>FPN1</em> expression decreased, concurrent with elevated tissue iron levels. Oxidative stress levels and the expression of proinflammatory cytokine genes were positively correlated with tissue iron accumulation. Overall, acute <em>E. anophelis</em> infection disrupts iron homeostasis in <em>P. sinensis</em> in a dose- and time-dependent manner, promotes the redistribution of iron from the circulation to storage tissues, exacerbates tissue inflammatory responses, and reduces antioxidant capacity. These findings indicate that dysregulated iron homeostasis plays a central role in infection-associated tissue injury and that restoring iron balance may aid in the treatment of bacterial infections in <em>P. sinensis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 111977"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146097665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein as an indicator for acute hypothermal and salinity stresses in euryhaline milkfish (Chanos chanos)","authors":"Yu-Ting Lin ,&nbsp;Tsung-Han Lee ,&nbsp;Liang-Chun Wang ,&nbsp;Chuan-Mu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change increases fluctuations in water salinity and temperature, which affects osmoregulation, energy metabolism, and the immune response in milkfish (<em>Chanos chanos</em>). Milkfish, an important economic species in Southeast Asia, can tolerate a wide range of salinity levels. However, sudden winter cold snaps often result in high mortality among cultured milkfish. Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (Cirp), a well-known multi-stress indicator in mammals, is inducible by environmental stressors. However, studies on Cirp in teleost fish remain scarce, and most existing work has focused primarily on transcriptomic analyses. This study aimed to assess Cirp expression as a potential indicator of acute environmental stress in milkfish. Two <em>cirp</em> genes, <em>cirpa</em> and <em>cirpb</em>, were previously identified in milkfish; and both are widely distributed among tissues; notably, <em>cirpa</em> expression in the gills is approximately 3-fold higher in fresh water (FW)- than in seawater (SW)-acclimated milkfish. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that <em>cirpa</em> expression in the gills was upregulated approximately 2-fold, while <em>cirpb</em> expression increased more than 2-fold in the liver and gills of milkfish at 24 h of hypothermal stress across salinity conditions. Furthermore, <em>cirpb</em> expression in the gills increased (approximately 1.8-fold) at 12 and 24 h after exposure to a hyperosmotic challenge and at 6 h after transferring to a hypoosmotic environment, whereas <em>cirpa</em> expression was induced about 2-fold only after hypothermal challenge at 12 h. Overall, <em>cirpb</em> expression was consistently upregulated by both salinity and hypothermal stress in the gills and liver of milkfish, whereas <em>cirpa</em> showed a more limited response, indicating that <em>cirpb</em> is a more sensitive molecular indicator of hypothermal and osmotic stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 111978"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146133658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal adaptation strategies in congeneric lizards: Cold tolerance in high-altitude Phrynocephalus erythrurus and overheat-avoidance in low-altitude P. przewalskii","authors":"Shengkang Men ,&nbsp;Yonggang Niu ,&nbsp;Xuejing Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuxia Feng ,&nbsp;Xiangtao Li ,&nbsp;Yucheng Bai ,&nbsp;Huihui Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Tang ,&nbsp;Qiang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Altitudinal gradients drive divergent thermal adaptations in ectotherms, but the integrated behavioral-physiological mechanisms underlying such specialization remain unclear. We tested adaptive strategies in two congeneric lizards: high-altitude <em>Phrynocephalus erythrurus</em> (4500–5300 m) and low-altitude desert-dwelling <em>P. przewalskii</em> (1000–1700 m). Hypothesizing cold tolerance in the former and heat avoidance in the latter, we combined field thermal profiling and laboratory assays to quantify key thermal traits. Results showed <em>P. erythrurus</em> occupies a colder habitat with shorter activity windows, exhibiting a lower critical thermal minimum (CTₘᵢₙ = −0.20 ± 0.58 °C) and upper escape temperature (UETₐ) for cold adaptation. <em>P. przewalskii</em> displayed a larger high-temperature thermal safety margin (TSMwarm = 4.40 °C) and greater ambient-body temperature difference at escape (ΔUET), reflecting specialized heat avoidance. Behaviorally, <em>P. erythrurus</em> relied on microhabitat selection for precise thermoregulation, while <em>P. przewalskii</em> used frequent shuttling. Both warmed faster than cooled, with a novel finding of heart rate hysteresis—cardiovascular performance depends on thermal change sequence, not absolute temperature. This study reveals divergent evolutionary pathways (cold endurance vs. heat avoidance) shaped by altitude, providing a mechanistic framework for predicting species-specific vulnerabilities to climate change. Our findings advance understanding of ectotherm adaptive radiation and inform conservation strategies amid global warming, highlighting that low-altitude species face imminent thermal safety margin compression while high-altitude specialists confront unprecedented heat extremes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 111981"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146159251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization and functional divergence of igfbp3a and igfbp3b in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)","authors":"Yujie Yu ,&nbsp;Feixia Li ,&nbsp;Feng Wang ,&nbsp;Yudong Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), an important member of the IGFBP family, is involved in growth, reproduction and metabolic regulation. In the present study, we isolated and characterized two IGFBP3 subtypes, namely IGFBP3a and IGFBP3b from turbot through rapid amplification of cDNA ends-polymerase chain reaction (RACE-PCR) cloning. The deduced amino acid sequences of turbot IGFBP3a and IGFBP3b showed high homology to those of other teleosts, particularly with Atlantic halibut (<em>Hippoglossus hippoglossus</em>). Turbot IGFBP3a and IGFBP3b contained two conserved motifs in the IGFBP domain (GCGCCXXC) and thyroglobulin type 1 domain (CWCV) as well as conserved cysteines. Molecular docking analysis predicted that IGFBP3a preferentially bound to IGF3, whereas IGFBP3b preferentially bound to IGF1. Both proteins localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. The <em>igfbp3a</em> mRNA was most abundant in the livers of males and the pituitary of females, followed by the pituitary and heart in males, and the ovaries in females. However, <em>igfbp3b</em> was abundant in the hearts of males and females. <em>igfbp3a</em> and <em>igfbp3b</em> mRNAs significantly increased from the two-cell stage to the gastrula stage, peaked at gastrulation, and sharply decreased at the hatched larval stage. Moreover, the mRNA level of <em>igfbp3a</em> was significantly higher than that of <em>igfbp3b</em> throughout turbot embryonic development. These findings suggested functional divergence between IGFBP3a and IGFBP3b, IGFBP3a may play a key role during embryonic development and tissue-specific modulation in turbot.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"314 ","pages":"Article 111980"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146133697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voltage-gated K+ channels modulate the neural abiotic stress tolerance of Drosophila melanogaster","authors":"Mads Kuhlmann Andersen ,&nbsp;Dawson B.H. Livingston ,&nbsp;R. Meldrum Robertson ,&nbsp;Heath A. MacMillan","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Severe abiotic stress causes insects to lose nervous function and enter a state of paralytic coma. Central to this loss of function is a spreading depolarization (SD), where a characteristic collapse of ion gradients depolarizes neuronal and glial membranes and rapidly shuts down the CNS. Despite representing a critical limit to CNS function, the stress threshold that elicits SD can be altered by the process of acclimation and the mechanisms underlying this response remain largely unknown. Here, we made electrophysiological measurements of SD and investigated the role of voltage-gated K⁺ channels in acclimation of the CNS stress response of <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em>. First, we demonstrate that improved cold tolerance in the CNS elicited by cold acclimation was dampened by pharmacological blockade of voltage-gated K⁺ channels. Next, we used the Gal4/UAS model system to screen for candidate genes encoding glial voltage-gated K⁺ channels and found that knockdown of <em>sei</em>- and <em>Shaw</em>-encoded channels mimicked the effect of channel blockade. Furthermore we show that the knockdown of glial <em>sei</em>-encoded channels also impairs tolerance to anoxia and heat stress. These findings suggest that voltage-gated K⁺ channels, especially those encoded by <em>sei</em>, are integral to the CNS stress resistance and are likely involved in the acclimation response, and we posit that this could relate to mechanisms involving glial spatial buffering and barrier function. Establishing links between tissue-specific expression of candidate genes and SD mechanisms will inevitably aid our understanding of insect ecophysiology and SD-related neuropathologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 111969"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endogenous trade-offs among organs across seasonal reproductive states in the spotted munia (Lonchura punctulata)","authors":"Shirin Fatima ,&nbsp;Sayantan Sur ,&nbsp;Jyoti Tiwari ,&nbsp;Vikas Yadav ,&nbsp;Mihir Kumar ,&nbsp;Aakansha Sharma ,&nbsp;Sangeeta Rani ,&nbsp;Shalie Malik","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Annual reproductive processes are timed by the endogenous circannual clock and environmental cues. Although seasonal phenotypic plasticity is well-documented in birds, the endogenous changes in organ size and histomorphometry are less characterized. The current experiment was designed to investigate the annual changes in reproductive, metabolic, and immune organs across reproductive states under constant environmental conditions. To address this question, we chose the spotted munia, a subtropical passerine finch, which shows robust circannual rhythmicity under captivity. Munias (<em>N</em> = 15 Males +15 Females) were kept under equinox photoperiod (12 L: 12D, L = Light, ∼1.86 W/m²; D = Dark, &lt;0.00014 W/m²) with constant temperature (22 ± 2 °C) and humidity (58 ± 2 %) for ∼9 months. Laparotomy was performed to identify annual reproductive states, including pre-breeding, breeding, and the onset of regression phase (<em>N</em> = 5 Males +5 Females, each group), in which morphometry and histological assays were conducted. We observed body fattening, elevated heterophil-to-lymphocyte (H/L) ratio, gonadal recrudescence, and muscle fibre growth, along with splenic atrophy during the breeding phase. Principal component analysis revealed that reproductive and metabolic traits clustered together and traded off against immune traits, while body mass and intestine length loaded on a separate axis. Overall, our data demonstrate the presence of endogenously regulated trade-offs in physiology and histology, highlighting the role of circannual clocks in directing avian life-history strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 111967"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145936483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life without air: Metabolic responses of the tree frog Boana pulchella under anoxic conditions","authors":"Marjoriane de Amaral ,&nbsp;Gustavo Kasper Cubas ,&nbsp;Rafaella Sanfelice Normann ,&nbsp;Jorge Felipe Argenta Model ,&nbsp;Bruna Selau ,&nbsp;Guendalina Turcato Oliveira ,&nbsp;Luiz Carlos Kucharski","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2026.111974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amphibians possess intricate biochemical and physiological adaptations that enable survival in oxygen-deprived environments. Our study investigated metabolic and oxidative responses in the brain, skeletal muscle, liver, and plasma of the subtropical tree frog <em>Boana pulchella</em> exposed to 30 min of anoxia followed by normoxic recovery. Adult males were divided into control, anoxia, and recovery groups (<em>n</em> = 5 each). Key parameters measured included gluconeogenesis from lactate, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), glucose oxidation, glycogen synthesis, and plasma and tissue metabolite levels. Plasma glucose, urea, and hemoglobin concentrations were stable, whereas plasma lactate increased significantly during anoxia (65% vs. control; 41% vs. recovery), confirming activation of anaerobic metabolism. In skeletal muscle, protein and urea concentrations were significantly higher in the recovery group compared to anoxia, indicating post-stress metabolic reactivation. In the liver, glucose oxidation increased by ∼66% and glycogen synthesis by ∼70% during anoxia, suggesting anticipatory energy storage, while brain gluconeogenesis from lactate declined nearly twofold, pointing to preferential lactate utilization as fuel. Antioxidant enzyme activities remained stable across tissues; however, hepatic TBARS increased ∼3.6-fold during anoxia compared to control, although this difference was not statistically significant, indicating a possible tendency toward oxidative imbalance. Principal component analyses revealed tissue-specific metabolic signatures: plasma responses driven by lactate and hemoglobin, liver by protein and TBARS, muscle by protein and urea, and brain by protein and urea. Together, these findings demonstrate that <em>Boana pulchella</em> maintains systemic stability under short-term anoxia through tissue-specific metabolic adjustments, with the liver acting as a central hub for energy regulation and the brain displaying metabolic flexibility to sustain function during oxygen deprivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55237,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A-Molecular & Integrative Physiology","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 111974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146047439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}