Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology最新文献

{"title":"Differential expression and alternative splicing analyses of multiple tissues reveal albinism-associated genes in the Wels catfish (Silurus glanis)","authors":"M.Y. Ozerov ,&nbsp;K. Noreikiene ,&nbsp;S. Kahar ,&nbsp;M. Flajšhans ,&nbsp;R. Gross ,&nbsp;A. Vasemägi","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Albinism is a widespread departure from a typical body colouration due to altered melanin production. The Wels catfish (<em>Silurus glanis</em>) is among the largest freshwater fish species in the world, and albino individuals occur both in the wild and in aquaculture. Here, we performed transcriptome-wide analysis of albino and normally pigmented <em>S. glanis</em> using four tissues (skin, dorsal fin, whole eye and liver) to identify genes associated with albinism by exploring patterns of differential expression (DE) and differential alternative splicing (DAS). Multi-tissue analyses revealed a large number of genes in skin (<em>n</em> = 1355) and fin (<em>n</em> = 614) tissue associated with the albino phenotype in <em>S. glanis</em>, while the number of DE genes in eye and liver tissues was lower (<em>n</em> = 188, <em>n</em> = 189, respectively). Several DE genes across multiple tissues were detected as the most promising candidates (e.g., <em>hsp4</em>, <em>hsp90b1</em>, <em>raph1</em>, <em>uqcrfs1</em>, <em>adcy</em>-family and <em>wnt</em>-family) potentially causally linked to the albino phenotype in Wels catfish. Moreover, our findings supported earlier observations of physiological differences between albino and normally pigmented individuals, particularly in energy metabolism and immune response. In contrast, there were only a few pigmentation-related genes observed among DAS genes (4 in skin, 2 in fin), the overlap between DAS and DE genes was low (<em>n</em> = 25) and did not include known pigmentation-related genes. This suggests that DAS and DE in Wels catfish are, to a large extent, independent processes, and the observed alternative splicing cases are probably not causally linked with albinism in <em>S. glanis</em>. This work provides the first transcriptome-wide multi-tissue insights into the albinism of Wels catfish and serves as a valuable resource for further understanding the genetic mechanisms of pigmentation in fish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1096495924000083/pdfft?md5=e3a89b5ac32ad779260751a437e86ab3&pid=1-s2.0-S1096495924000083-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139467291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of skeletal muscle mitochondrial phenotype on H2O2 emission","authors":"Collins Kamunde ,&nbsp;Yashodya Wijayakulathilake ,&nbsp;Chidozie Okoye ,&nbsp;Nirmala Chinnappareddy ,&nbsp;Zahra Kalvani ,&nbsp;Pius Tetteh ,&nbsp;Michael van den Heuvel ,&nbsp;Ravinder Sappal ,&nbsp;Don Stevens","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a key output of the skeletal muscle mitochondrial information processing system both at rest and during exercise. In skeletal muscle, mitochondrial ROS release depends on multiple factors; however, fiber-type specific differences remain ambiguous in part owing to the use of mitochondria from mammalian muscle that consist of mixed fibers. To elucidate fiber-type specific differences, we used mitochondria isolated from rainbow trout (</span><em>Oncorhynchus mykiss)</em> red and white skeletal muscles that consist of spatially distinct essentially pure red and white fibers. We first characterized the assay conditions for measuring ROS production (as H₂O₂<span><span>) in isolated fish red and white skeletal muscle mitochondria (RMM and WMM) and thereafter compared the rates of emission during oxidation of different substrates and the responses to mitochondrial </span>electron transport system (ETS) pharmacological modulators. Our results showed that H</span>₂O₂ emission rates by RMM and WMM can be quantified using the same protein concentration and composition of the Amplex UltraRed-horseradish peroxidase (AUR-HRP) detection system. For both RMM and WMM, protein normalized H₂O₂ emission rates were highest at the lowest protein concentration tested and decreased exponentially thereafter. However, the absolute values of H₂O₂ emission rates depended on the calibration curves used to convert fluorescent signals to H₂O₂ while the trends depended on the normalization strategy. We found substantial qualitative and quantitative differences between RMM and WMM in the H₂O₂ emission rates depending on the substrates being oxidized and their concentrations. Similarly, pharmacological modulators of the ETS altered the magnitudes and trends of the H₂O₂ emission differently in RMM and WMM. While comparable concentrations of substrates elicited maximal albeit quantitively different emission rates in RMM and WMM, different concentrations of pharmacological ETS modulators may be required for maximal H₂O₂ emission rates depending on muscle fiber-type. Taken together, our study suggests that biochemical differences exist in RMM compared with WMM that alter substrate oxidation and responses to ETS modulators resulting in fiber-type specific mitochondrial H₂O₂ emission rates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139373535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification of STATs and analysis of their role in sex determination in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas)","authors":"Jianming Ye ,&nbsp;Junxi Zeng ,&nbsp;Haiqian Zheng ,&nbsp;Chuanxu Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongkuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Huaiping Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>STAT (signal transducer and activator of the transcription) proteins, are a group of highly conserved transcription factors and fundamental components of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway<span><span>. They play crucial roles in a variety of biological processes, such as immunity, proliferation, differentiation, and growth. However, little information is known regarding their role in </span>gonad development<span> and sex determination in mollusks. In this study, we identified 3 </span></span></span><em>STAT</em> genes in Pacific Oyster <span><span>Crassostrea gigas</span></span><span>. Phylogenetic analysis showed that STATs from mollusks were highly conserved, and most of them had four identical motif regions, except for the </span><span><em>STAT1</em></span> and <span><em>STAT3</em></span> predicted sequences from <em>Crassostrea hongkongensis</em>. Tissue expression analysis indicated <em>CgSTAT1</em> had a high expression level in most tissues, while <em>CgSTAT3</em> had a low expression level in most tissues. Expression analysis of early developmental stages showed <em>CgSTAT1</em> had a higher expression level from egg to D shaped larva and a lower expression level in subsequent stages. In contrast <em>CgSTAT1</em>, <em>CgSTAT2</em> had a reverse expression pattern. Expression analysis of different developmental stages of diploid gonads indicated that <em>CgSTAT1</em> had a higher expression level at the S1 and S3 stages relative to the S2 stage in females, while in males the S3 stage had a higher expression than than the S2 stage. The expression level of <em>CgSTAT1</em><span> between diploids and triploids in females differed significantly, but there were no significant differences in males. Expression of </span><em>CgSTAT2</em> differed significantly between diploid and triploid males. These data suggest an important role for STATs in sex differentiation in diploid and triploid oysters. Our study is the first to explore the role of <em>STATs</em> in sex differentiation and gonadal development in oysters, and will help us better understand the molecular mechanisms of sex differentiation in shellfish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138741132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional roles and localization of hydrolases in the Japanese mitten crab Eriocheir japonica","authors":"Masato Takahashi ,&nbsp;Kohei Takahashi ,&nbsp;Taichi Yamaguchi ,&nbsp;Takeshi Kohama ,&nbsp;Masakiyo Hosokawa","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Japanese mitten crab <em>Eriocheir japonica</em><span><span><span><span><span> inhabits rivers throughout Japan and is being cultivated for food. To conduct aquaculture efficiently, it is crucial to comprehend the physiological functions of the target organisms. However, there is a lack of fundamental information on Japanese mitten crabs. In this study, hydrolases were extracted from the midgut glands of Japanese mitten crabs and their metabolic activities were analyzed. An </span>enzyme with hydrolytic activity was discovered within the cytosol of the midgut gland. </span>Western blot analysis<span> also revealed that the Japanese mitten crab contains a hydrolase with cross-reactivity to human carboxylesterase 1 (hCES1) antibodies. The </span></span>substrate specificity<span> of the S9 fraction of the midgut gland was investigated and, interestingly, it was revealed that it reacts well with indomethacin phenyl ester and fluorescein diacetate, which are substrates of hCES2, not substrates of hCES1. Furthermore, this enzyme was observed to metabolize the ester derivative of </span></span>astaxanthin, which is a red pigment inherent to the Japanese mitten crab. These findings underscore the significance the midgut gland in the Japanese mitten crab as an important organ for metabolizing both endogenous and exogenous ester–type compounds.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138572992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization of the grass carp bscl2 gene and its expression response to lipid accumulation, nutritional status, insulin and glucagon","authors":"Guokun Yang ,&nbsp;Chengquan Li ,&nbsp;Sunan Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Liang ,&nbsp;Boya Yang ,&nbsp;Yanmin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xindang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xulu Chang ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Bscl2</em><span> plays a role in lipid metabolism of mammals, however its role in teleost fish remains unclear. Using the grass carp (</span><em>Ctenopharyngodon idella</em>) as a model, the <em>bscl2</em> gene was isolated from the brain and characterized. Thereafter, the tissue distribution of the gene was examined, before expression was analyzed as a function of fasting, refeeding, oral glucose administration and overfeeding. In addition, <em>bscl2</em><span><span> mRNA levels were evaluated in grass carp primary hepatocytes treated with glucagon, insulin, </span>oleic acid, and glucose. Results showed that the cloned </span><em>bscl2</em><span> gene was 1341 bp, encoding 446 amino acids, and was highly expressed in the brain, heart, and gonad. Following oral glucose administration, </span><em>bscl2</em> expression increased. Expression of <em>bscl2</em><span> decreased in fasted fish but increased following refeeding. Overfeeding, which resulted in elevated lipid accumulation, also stimulated </span><em>bscl2</em> expression. In primary hepatocytes, <em>bscl2</em> levels were increased by glucose, oleic acid, and insulin treatments, and reduced by glucagon treatment. These data suggest that <em>bscl2</em> may play an important role in nutrient metabolism in teleost fish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138553920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian rhythm regulation in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus: Insights into clock gene expression, photoperiod susceptibility, and neurohormone signaling","authors":"Zhiqing Ye,&nbsp;Ying Wei,&nbsp;Guangbo Zhang,&nbsp;Lifei Ge,&nbsp;Chenqian Wu,&nbsp;Yucheng Ren,&nbsp;Jixiu Wang,&nbsp;Xiuwen Xu,&nbsp;Jingwen Yang,&nbsp;Tianming Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sea cucumber <span><em>Apostichopus japonicus</em></span><span> displays the typical circadian rhythms. This present study investigated the molecular regulation of clock genes, as well as monoamines and melatonin, in multiple tissues of </span><em>A. japonicus</em><span>, responding to the photoperiod. In order to determine their pivotal role in circadian rhythms, the crucial clock genes, namely </span><em>AjClock</em>, <em>AjArnt1</em>, <em>AjCry1</em>, and <em>AjTimeless</em>, were identified and a comprehensive analysis of their expressions across various tissues in adult <em>A. japonicus</em> was conducted, revealing the potential existence of central and peripheral oscillators. Results demonstrated that the tissues of polian vesicle and nerve ring exhibited significant clock gene expression associated with the orchestration of circadian regulation, and that environmental light fluctuations exerted influence on the expression of these clock genes. However, a number of genes, such as <em>AjArnt1</em> and <em>AjCry1</em>, maintained their circadian rhythmicity even under continuous light conditions. Moreover, we further investigated the circadian patterns of melatonin (MT), serotonin (5-HT), and dopamine (DA) secretion in <em>A. japonicus</em>, data that underscored the tissue-specific regulatory differences and the inherent adaptability to dynamic light environments. Collectively, these findings will provide the molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm in echinoderms and the candidate tissues playing the role of central oscillators in sea cucumbers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138553790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oleic acid as modulator of oxidative stress in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles fed high dietary lipid levels","authors":"Nicole Martins ,&nbsp;Sara Moutinho ,&nbsp;Rui Magalhães ,&nbsp;Pedro Pousão-Ferreira ,&nbsp;Aires Oliva-Teles ,&nbsp;Helena Peres ,&nbsp;Carolina Castro","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Although the benefits of oleic acid (OA) have been established in mammals, its effects on fish remain understudied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant potential of OA in the liver, intestine, and muscle of </span>European sea bass juveniles fed diets containing different </span>lipid levels<span><span><span>. For that purpose, six diets with 16 or 22% lipids and 0, 1, and 2% OA were formulated and triplicate groups of European sea bass juveniles (21.4 g) were fed with these experimental diets for 9 weeks. Increasing dietary lipid levels or OA supplementation did not affect antioxidant </span>enzyme activity in the liver and muscle. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the intestine increased with both the dietary lipid and OA levels, while </span>glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase<span> (G6PDH) activity increased only with dietary OA supplementation. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and total glutathione (tGSH) content were higher in the liver and intestine of fish fed the low-lipid diets, while in the high-lipid diets it was lower in the muscle than in the liver and intestine. Present findings suggest that OA plays a role in the antioxidant defense mechanisms of European sea bass, particularly at the intestine level, but additional research is required to further assess the potential benefits of incorporating OA into the diets.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138505806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a cryptic functional apolipophorin-III domain within the Prominin-1 gene of Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Nallely Hoyos-Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Adrian Ochoa-Leyva ,&nbsp;Claudia G. Benitez-Cardoza ,&nbsp;Luis G. Brieba ,&nbsp;German Lukaszewicz ,&nbsp;Carlos H. Trasviña-Arenas ,&nbsp;Rogerio R. Sotelo-Mundo","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The Apolipophorin-III (apoLp-III) is reported as an essential protein element in lipids<span> transport and incorporation in lepidopterans. Structurally, apoLp-III has an α-helix bundle structure composed of five α-helices. Interestingly, classic studies proposed a structural switch triggered by its interaction with lipids, where the α-helix bundle opens. Currently, the study of the apoLp-III has been limited to insects, with no homologs identified in other arthropods. By implementing a structure-based search with the Phyre2 algorithm surveying the </span></span>shrimp </span><span><em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em></span><span><span>'s transcriptome<span><span>, we identified a putative apoLp-III in this farmed penaeid (LvApoLp-III). Unlike canonical apoLp-III, the LvApoLp-III was identified as an internal domain within the transmembrane protein<span> Prominin-1. Structural modeling using the template-based Phyre2 and template-free AlphaFold algorithms rendered two distinct structural topologies: the α-helix bundle and a coiled-coil structure. Notably, the secondary structure composition on both models was alike, with differences in the orientation and distribution of the α-helices and hydrophobic moieties. Both models provide insights into the classical structural switch induced by lipids in apoLp-III. To corroborate structure/function inferences, we cloned the synthetic LvApoLp-III domain, overexpressed, and purified the </span></span>recombinant protein. </span></span>Circular dichroism measurements with the recombinant LvApoLp-III agreed with the structural models. </span><em>In vitro</em> liposome interaction demonstrated that the apoLp-III domain within the PROM1 of <em>L.</em> <em>vannamei</em><span> associated similarly to exchangeable apolipoproteins. Altogether, this work reports the presence of an apolipophorin-III domain in crustaceans for the first time and opens questions regarding its function and importance in lipid metabolism or the immune system.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138479415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omega-3 PUFA and the fitness and cognition of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans under different environmental conditions","authors":"Ralph Menzel,&nbsp;Xuchao Zhang,&nbsp;Tamara Pietrucik,&nbsp;Antonia Bathelt,&nbsp;Liliane Ruess","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many invertebrate species possess the metabolic ability to synthesize long-chain ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) <em>de novo</em><span>. Due to their diverse effects on membrane architecture, neuroplasticity, growth and reproduction, PUFA have a high potential to positively influence the fitness of an organism. But how and when do these supposed advantages actually come into play? Other species, that are often closely related, pass natural selection without this special metabolic ability. The ω3-PUFA rich model organism </span><span><em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em></span> (Nematoda) and its mutant <em>fat-1(wa9)</em><span><span>, lacking these PUFA, are a suitable test system. We analyzed potential impairments in reproduction and growth in a soil assay. Further, chemotaxis after aversive olfactory, associative learning and integration of a second sensory signal were assessed on agar plates. Moreover, we analyzed the </span>phospholipid pattern of both </span><em>C. elegans</em> strains and further free-living nematodes species at different temperatures. While the phenotypic effects were rather small under standard conditions, lowering the temperature to 15 or even 10 °C or reducing the soil moisture, led to significant limitations, with the investigated parameters for neuroplasticity being most impaired. The ω3-PUFA free <em>C. elegans</em> mutant strain <em>fat-1</em><span> did not adapt the fatty acid composition of its phospholipids to </span><del>a</del> decreasing temperature, while ω3-PUFA containing nematodes proportionally increased this PUFA group. In contrats, other ω3-PUFA free nematode species produced significantly more ω6-PUFA. Thus, the ability to synthesize long-chain ω3-PUFA <em>de novo</em><span> likely is fundamental for an increase in neuroplasticity and an efficient way for regulating membrane fluidity to maintain their functionality.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138471299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat-shock protein 90 alleviates oxidative stress and reduces apoptosis in liver of Seriola aureovittata (yellowtail kingfish) under high-temperature stress","authors":"Lin Wang ,&nbsp;Yan Jiang ,&nbsp;Lu Fang ,&nbsp;Changtao Guan ,&nbsp;Yongjiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hsp90s are molecular chaperones that enhance fish tolerance to high-temperature stress. However, the function of Hsp90s in <em>Seriola aureovittata</em> (yellowtail kingfish) under high-temperature stress remains largely unknown. Here, two <span><em>Hsp90</em></span><span> isoforms were identified in </span><em>S. aureovittata</em> by bioinformatics analysis: <em>SaHsp90α</em> and <em>SaHsp90β</em>. The coding sequence of <em>SaHsp90α</em><span> was 2193-bp long and encoded a polypeptide of 730 amino acids; </span><em>SaHsp90β</em> was 2178-bp long and encoded a polypeptide of 725 amino acids. <em>Sa</em>Hsp90α and <em>Sa</em>Hsp90β both contained a HATPase domain and a HSP90 domain. Their transcripts were detected in all examined <em>S. aureovittata</em> tissues, with relatively high levels in the gonads, head kidney, and intestine. During high-temperature stress at 28 °C, the expression levels of <em>SaHsp90α</em> and <em>SaHsp90β</em> transcripts were significantly increased in liver. After simultaneously knocking down the expression of the <em>SaHsp90</em><span>s, there was a significant decrease in liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and a remarkable increase of malondialdehyde content in liver after high-temperature stress. The expression levels of the key caspase<span> family genes </span></span><em>caspase-3</em> and <em>caspase-7</em> were also significantly upregulated by high-temperature stress in <em>SaHsp90</em><span>-knockdown liver. TUNEL labeling demonstrated that the number of apoptotic cells significantly increased in the </span><em>SaHsp90</em>-knockdown group when high-temperature treatment lasted for 48 h. Protein–protein docking analysis predicted that <em>Sa</em>Hsp90α and <em>Sa</em>Hsp90β can bind to <em>S. aureovittata</em><span> SOD and survivin<span>, which are key proteins for maintenance of redox homeostasis and inhibition of apoptosis. These findings demonstrate that </span></span><em>Sa</em>Hsp90α and <em>Sa</em>Hsp90β play a crucial role in resistance to high-temperature stress by regulating redox homeostasis and apoptosis in yellowtail kingfish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138471298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}