Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology最新文献

{"title":"Fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36) in silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus): Molecular cloning and functional characterization","authors":"Peng Shi ,&nbsp;Ran Meng ,&nbsp;Jilin Xu ,&nbsp;Qian Zhang ,&nbsp;Guochao Ye ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Yan ,&nbsp;Kai Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Understanding the mechanisms of lipid transport and metabolism in fish is crucial to enhance dietary lipid utilization. Here, fatty acid </span>translocase (CD36) gene was characterized in silver pomfret (</span><em>Pampus argenteus</em><span>). The open reading frame of silver pomfret </span><em>cd36</em><span><span> gene was 1395 bp, encoding 464 amino acids. The silver pomfret </span>CD36 protein contained typical transmembrane regions and N-glycosylation modification sites, and was localized to the cytomembrane. The </span><em>cd36</em> gene was ubiquitously expressed in all tested tissues, with the highest expression observed in brain tissue. <em>In vivo</em>, both fasting and short-term high-fat feeding could increase <em>cd36</em> expression in intestinal tissue. <em>In vitro</em>, <em>cd36</em><span><span><span> expression was induced by palmitic acid, </span>oleic acid, </span>linolenic acid<span><span>, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and </span>docosahexaenoic acid treatment in intestinal tissue. Furthermore, dual-luciferase reporter assay results indicated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) could enhance </span></span><em>cd36</em> promoter activity, and the co-expression of <em>cd36</em> and <em>pparγ</em> was observed in EPA-incubated intestine, suggesting that EPA may regulate the expression of <em>cd36</em><span> via PPARγ to maintain the homeostasis of intestinal lipid metabolism in silver pomfret. These results highlighted the crucial role of CD36 in silver pomfret, and suggested that the </span><em>cd36</em> expression may be regulated by PPARγ. This study could contribute to a greater understanding of lipid metabolism and the development of effective strategies for nutrient requirements in fish.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138464479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A native strain of Bacillus subtilis increases lipid accumulation and modulates expression of genes related to digestion and amino acid metabolism in Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Luiza Medeiros ,&nbsp;Laura Dall'Agno ,&nbsp;Jade Riet ,&nbsp;Bruna Nornberg ,&nbsp;Raíza Azevedo ,&nbsp;Arthur Cardoso ,&nbsp;Jéssica Lucinda Saldanha da Silva ,&nbsp;Oscarina Viana de Sousa ,&nbsp;Victor Torres Rosas ,&nbsp;Marcelo Borges Tesser ,&nbsp;Virgínia F. Pedrosa ,&nbsp;Luis A. Romano ,&nbsp;Wilson Wasielesky Jr ,&nbsp;Luis F. Marins","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In the field of shrimp aquaculture, the utilization of probiotics represents a promising avenue, due to the well-documented benefits conferred by these microorganisms. In the current study, a </span><span><em>Bacillus subtilis</em></span><span> strain, referred to as strain E, was isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of the shrimp </span><span><em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em></span><span><span> and subsequently identified via molecular methods and phylogeny. The probiotic potential of strain E was characterized, and its application as a feed shrimp additive was evaluated in a 45-day experiment. Several parameters were assessed, including zootechnical performance, muscle tissue proximate composition, hepatopancreas lipid concentration, and the expression of genes associated with digestion, </span>amino acid metabolism, and antioxidant defense mechanisms in various shrimp tissues. Although no significant impact on zootechnical performance was observed, supplementation with strain E led to an increase in lipid concentration within both muscle and hepatopancreas tissues. Furthermore, a marked decrease in the expression of genes linked to digestion and amino acid metabolism was noted. These findings suggest that the addition of the </span><em>B. subtilis</em> strain E to shrimp feed may enhance nutrient absorption and modulate the expression of genes related to digestion and amino acid metabolism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138300690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The transcriptomic and biochemical responses of blood clams (Tegillarca granosa) to prolonged intermittent hypoxia","authors":"Haoxiang Cheng ,&nbsp;Zhilan Peng ,&nbsp;Chenxi Zhao ,&nbsp;Hongyu Jin ,&nbsp;Yongbo Bao ,&nbsp;Minhai Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The blood clam (<em>Tegillarca granosa</em><span><span>), a marine bivalve of ecological and economic significance, often encounters intermittent hypoxia in mudflats and aquatic environments. To study the response of blood clam foot to prolonged intermittent hypoxia, the clams were exposed to intermittent hypoxia conditions (0.5 mg/L dissolved oxygen, with a 12-h interval) for 31 days. Initially, transcriptomic analysis was performed, uncovering a total of 698 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 236 upregulated and 462 downregulated. These genes show enrichments in </span>signaling pathways<span><span> related to glucose metabolism, sugar synthesis and responses to </span>oxidative stress<span>. Furthermore, the activity of the enzyme<span> glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and the levels of </span></span></span></span><em>gpx1</em> mRNA showed gradual increases, reaching their peak on the 13th day of intermittent hypoxia exposure. This observation suggests an indirect protective role of GPx against oxidative stress. The results of this study make a significantly contribute to our broader comprehensive of the physiological, biochemical responses, and molecular reactions governing the organization of foot muscle tissue in marine bivalves exposed to prolonged intermittent hypoxic conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89720700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dietary intervention with Capsicum annuum extract on growth performance, physiological status, innate immune response, and related gene expression in Nile tilapia","authors":"Rowida E. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Nasreddin R. Rhouma ,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Elbealy ,&nbsp;Abdelwahab A. Abdelwarith ,&nbsp;Elsayed M. Younis ,&nbsp;Samah S. Khalil ,&nbsp;Tarek Khamis ,&nbsp;Abdallah Tageldein Mansour ,&nbsp;Simon J. Davies ,&nbsp;Abdelhakeem El-Murr ,&nbsp;Afaf N. Abdel Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The red pepper (<em>Capsicum annuum</em>) has gained great attention recently because of its biological and pharmacological characteristics. The present approach aimed to evaluate the effects of <em>C. annuum</em> alcoholic extract (CAE) supplementation on Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) growth performance, physiological status, some metabolic, immune, and regulatory genes expression, and resistance against <em>Streptococcus agalactiae</em> infection. Fish (22.26 ± 0.19 g) were assigned to four treatments (five replicates, each with 10 fish replicate⁻¹) and fed tested diets for 60 days. The experimental diets were supplemented with CAE at 0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 g kg⁻¹_, expressed as CAE0, CAE0.4, CAE0.8, and CAE1.6, respectively. The findings exhibited that CAE dietary supplementation improved growth performance, feed utilization, elevated growth hormone level, and digestive enzyme activities (amylase and protease), and lowered leptin hormone in a level-dependent manner. Boosting the mRNA expression of the transporter proteins (solute carrier family 15 member 2 and solute carrier family 26 member 6) and insulin-like growth factor-1 genes with a decrease in the myostatin gene expression was noticed in the CAE-fed groups. The innate immune (serum bactericidal activity %, complement 3, and phagocytic activity %) and antioxidant (glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidant capacity) parameters were significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) improved, and the serum malondialdehyde level was significantly decreased by CAE dietary inclusion. A marked upregulation in the mRNA expression of interleukins (<em>il-1β, il-6, il-8,</em> and <em>il-10)</em>, transforming growth factor-β, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione synthetase genes were observed in CAE-fed groups. Dietary CAE decreased the cumulative mortalities after the challenge with <em>S. agalactiae</em> by 20, 13.33, and 10% in CAE0.4, CAE0.8, and CAE1.6, respectively, compared to the control (40%). Overall, dietary supplementation with CAE could improve growth performance and physiological status, and modulate the expression of several regulatory genes in Nile tilapia. The recommended level of CAE is 1.6 g kg⁻¹ to augment growth and health status.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71523363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"p38 MAPK involvement in the thermal stress response occurs via HSP27 and caspase3 in the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)","authors":"Qiao-Jing Jia ,&nbsp;Cui-Luan Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) is a multifunctional molecule that is involved in cellular response to various stressful stimuli. In the present study, the full-length cDNA sequence of <em>p38 MAPK</em> (<em>Lcp38 MAPK</em>) was identified from the large yellow croaker <em>Larimichthys crocea</em>, which encoded a polypeptide of 361 amino acid residues. The predicted <em>Lc</em>p38 MAPK protein contained a highly conserved Thr-Gly-Tyr (TGY) motif, a glutamate and aspartate (ED) site, a substrate binding site (Ala-Thr-Arg-Trp &lt; ATRW&gt;), and a serine/threonine kinase catalytic (S_TKc) domain characteristic of the MAPK family. The constitutive expression of <em>Lcp38 MAPK</em> was detected in most of the tissues examined with the strongest expression in intestine. Subcellular localization in LCK cells (kidney cell line from a <em>L. crocea</em>) revealed that <em>Lc</em>p38 MAPK existed in both the cytoplasm and cell nucleus. The expression of <em>Lcp38 MAPK</em> after temperature stress was tested in LCK cells. The results indicated that <em>Lcp38 MAPK</em> transcripts were significantly upregulated under both cold (10 °C) and heat stress (35 °C) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK as well the transcriptional levels of <em>heat shock protein 27</em> (<em>HSP27</em>) and <em>caspase3</em> in LCK cells were significantly induced under thermal exposure (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). However, the cold- and heat induced <em>HSP27</em> and <em>caspase3</em> expression was significantly suppressed by SB203580, a specific inhibitor of p38-MAPK (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). These findings indicated that <em>Lc</em>p38 MAPK might be involved in the cellular stress response <em>via HSP27</em> and <em>caspase3</em> in large yellow croaker.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71429365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of caspase gene family in Sebastes schlegelii and their expression profiles under Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio anguillarum infection","authors":"Haohui Yu ,&nbsp;Xu Yan ,&nbsp;Ningning Wang ,&nbsp;Xiantong Liu ,&nbsp;Ting Xue ,&nbsp;Chao Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The caspase, functioning as a proteinase, plays a crucial role in eukaryotic cell apoptosis, regulation of apoptosis, cellular growth, differentiation, and immunity. The identification of caspase gene family in <em>Sebastes schlegelii</em> is of great help to understand its antimicrobial research. In <em>S. schlegelii</em>, we totally identified nine caspase genes, including four apoptosis initiator caspases (<em>caspase 2, caspase 8, caspase 9</em> and <em>caspase 10</em>), four apoptosis executioners (<em>caspase 3a, caspase 3b, caspase 6</em>, and <em>caspase 7</em>) and one inflammatory executioner (caspase 1). The duplication of <em>caspase 3</em> genes on chr3 and chr8 may have been facilitated by whole genome duplication (WGD) events or other complex evolutionary processes. In general, the number of caspase genes relatively conserved in high vertebrates, while exhibiting variation in teleosts. Furthermore, syntenic analysis and phylogenetic relationships analysis supported the correct classification of these caspase gene family in <em>S. schlegelii</em>, especially for genes with duplicated copies. Additionally, the expression patterns of these caspase genes in different tissues of <em>S. schlegelii</em> under healthy conditions were assessed. The results revealed that the expression levels of most caspase genes were significantly elevated in the intestine, spleen, and liver. To further investigate the potential immune functions of these caspase genes in <em>S. schlegelii</em>, we challenged individuals with <em>A. salmonicida</em> and <em>V. anguillarum,</em> respectively. After infection with <em>A. salmonicida</em>, the expression levels of <em>caspase 1</em> in the liver and spleen of <em>S. schlegelii</em> remained consistently elevated throughout the infection time points. The expression levels of most caspase family members in the intestine exhibited significant divergence following <em>V. anguillarum</em> infection. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the caspase gene families in <em>S. schlegelii</em>, thereby establishing a solid foundation for further investigations into the functional roles of these caspase genes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71429364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E93 gene in the swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus: Responsiveness to 20-hydroxyecdysone and methyl farnesoate and role on regulating ecdysteroid synthesis","authors":"Fuqiang Ge,&nbsp;Qiaoling Yu,&nbsp;Jun Zhang,&nbsp;Yaoyao Han,&nbsp;Dongfa Zhu,&nbsp;Xi Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ecdysone-induced protein 93 (E93) is a metamorphic determinant involved in crosstalk between 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and juvenile hormone (JH) during the insect molting process. The present study identified the <em>E93</em> gene from the swimming crab, <em>P. trituberculatus</em>, and found it was widely distributed in adult tissues. <em>PtE93</em> mRNA levels in Y-organ and epidermis fluctuated during the molt cycle, suggesting its involvement in juvenile molting. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> treatments with 20E led to an induction of <em>PtE93</em> expression in Y-organ and epidermis, while we found the opposite effect for methyl farnesoate (MF) treatments, a crustacean equivalent of insect JH. We also observed that two genes for ecdysteroid biosynthesis, <em>Spook</em> (<em>Spo</em>) and <em>Shadow</em> (<em>Sad</em>), were suppressed by 20E and induced by MF, showing a negative correlation between PtE93 and ecdysteroid biosynthesis. <em>PtE93</em> RNA interference (RNAi) induced <em>Spo</em> and <em>Sad</em> expression levels, elevated ecdysteroid content in culture medium, and relieved the 20E inhibitory effect on ecdysteroid synthesis, indicating an inhibitory role of <em>PtE93</em> on ecdysteroid synthesis. Overall, our results suggest that E93 may be involved in the crosstalk between 20E and MF during crustacean molting, and its presence in Y-organ is closely related to ecdysteroid synthesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92059181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological indices and liver gene expression related to glucose supply in Brandt's vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii) exhibit species- and oxygen concentration-specific responses to hypoxia","authors":"Dan Pan ,&nbsp;Yuhua Shi ,&nbsp;Maolin Huang ,&nbsp;Xiujuan Li ,&nbsp;Zishi Wang ,&nbsp;Yifeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Hong Sun ,&nbsp;Zhenlong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brandt's vole (<em>Lasiopodomys brandtii</em>) is a species with hypoxia tolerance, and glucose serves as the primary energy substrate under hypoxia. However, the glucose supply in Brandt's voles under hypoxia has not been studied. This study aimed to investigate characteristics in physiological indices and liver gene expression associated with glucose supply in Brandt's voles under hypoxia. Serum glucose of Brandt's voles remained stable under 10% O₂, increased under 7.5% O₂, and decreased under 5% O₂. Serum lactate increased under 10% O₂, decreased under 7.5% O₂, increased at 6 h and decreased at 12 h under 5% O₂. Liver glycogen increased under 10% O₂, remained constant under 7.5% O₂, and reduced under 5% O₂. <em>Pepck</em> and <em>G6pase</em> expression associated with gluconeogenesis decreased under 10% O₂, while <em>Pepck</em> expression decreased and <em>G6pase</em> expression increased under 7.5% and 5% O₂. Regarding genes related to glycogen metabolism, <em>Gys</em> expression decreased at all oxygen concentrations, <em>Phk</em> expression increased under 5% O₂, and <em>Gp</em> expression increased under 7.5% and 5% O₂. The alterations in glucose, lactate, liver glycogen, and gene expression related to glycogenolysis in Kunming mice (<em>Mus musculus</em>, control species) are similar to discovery of Brandt's voles under 7.5% O₂, but gene expression involved in gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis increased. The findings suggest that Brandt's voles are more tolerant to hypoxia than Kunming mice, and their physiological indices and liver gene expression related to glucose supply exhibit species- and oxygen concentration-specific responses to hypoxia. This research offers novel insights for studying hypoxia tolerance of Brandt's voles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66784612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative phosphorylation rather than glycolysis is the primary energy source for sperm motility in the mussels Mytilus edulis","authors":"Hui Kong ,&nbsp;Inna M. Sokolova","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Broadcast-spawning marine mussels rely on high sperm motility for successful fertilization in the dynamic seawater environment. Mitochondria are typically considered the primary source of ATP generation via oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS); however, the ATP generation pathways of mussel sperm have not been fully characterized. To better understand the importance of both OXPHOS and glycolysis for mussel sperm function, we conducted experiments inhibiting these pathways in sperm from <em>Mytilus edulis</em>. Our results indicate that oligomycin, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial ATP synthase, immediately decreased sperm motility rate, velocity, and ATP content, while 2-deoxy-<span>d</span>-glucose, a glycolysis inhibitor, had no effect. The OXPHOS inhibitor rotenone also partially reduced sperm motility rate and velocity. Interestingly, no evidence was found for the inhibitors' effects on the content of energy-rich compounds (lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins) in the mussels' sperm, indicating only modest energy demand to fuel sperm motility. Based on these findings, we conclude that OXPHOS is the primary energy source for sperm motility in marine mussels. Our study sheds light on the intricacies of mussel sperm physiology and highlights the importance of understanding the energy requirements for successful fertilization in broadcast-spawning marine invertebrates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66784611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activities of antioxidant enzymes and Hsp levels in response to elevated temperature in land snail species with varied latitudinal distribution","authors":"Alexandra Staikou ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Sagonas ,&nbsp;Olga Spanoudi ,&nbsp;Katerina Savvidou ,&nbsp;Zoumboul Nazli ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Feidantsis ,&nbsp;Basile Michaelidis","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2023.110908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Land snails occupy a variety of habitats, with differing temperature and humidity regimes and exhibit a wide span of adaptations, to withstand abiotic condition changes. The present work's aim was to examine the correlation of habitat's thermal adversity in different Mediterranean type habitats with the land snail's antioxidant and heat shock responses. For this purpose, snails of different species from populations along a north–south axis from the islands and mainland of Greece were exposed to elevated temperature and antioxidant enzyme activities, and Hsp70 and Hsp90 levels were determined in their tissues. The ATP, ADP, and AMP levels and the adenylate energy charge (AEC) were also determined. The comparison of protein levels and enzymatic activities across time intervals revealed significant differences for all factors examined. While the gradation pattern over time for a given factor was similar in all populations the absolute values over time differed. Catalase activity and the Hsp90 protein levels had the higher contribution in separating the different species and populations, followed by the activity of glutathione reductase and Hsp70 protein levels which contributed to a lesser degree. In general, populations from the southern part of their distribution in Greece tend to display a faster increase than northern populations in induction levels of all factors examined. Our data seem to be in line with the concept of preparation for oxidative stress (POS) while the changes in the AEC indicate an early preparation to cover the energy demand for the induction and synthesis of antioxidant enzymes and Hsps.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41220758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}