Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics最新文献

{"title":"Joint profiling of DNA methylomics and transcriptomic reveals roles of demethylation in regeneration of coelomocytes after evisceration in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus","authors":"Jiong Wu ,&nbsp;Mingmei Xu ,&nbsp;Chuanxin Qin ,&nbsp;Yu Guo ,&nbsp;Yinan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenhui Wang ,&nbsp;Qiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Generally, there is a large number of deaths for sea cucumber along with evisceration after which a weakly immune state occurs because of a poor resistance against a variety of pathogens and environmental stress. The regeneration of coelomocytes plays an important role in the remodeling of the immune defense system after evisceration with the decrease of methylation modification. In this study, the whole DNA methylation of coelomocytes is detected post evisceration in <em>Apostichopus japonicus</em> to explore the process of cell regeneration. Our results found that total methylation level reached a lowest point at 12 h (9.8 %), which was followed by increased at 24 h. The transcriptomic and DNA methylomic analysis indicated a total of 215 genes were identified by selecting the significant hypomethylation within the 2-kilobase region of the transcriptional start site upstream. The KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of the 215 genes showed that signal transduction, signaling molecules and interaction were significantly enriched. The genes were enriched in the top 20 signaling pathway, such as IGF1R, Notch2 and HSPA1s. Taken together, this study provides new clues for deciphering the coelomocytes regeneration after evisceration of <em>A. japonicus</em> by DNA demethylation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101456"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and expression profile analysis of the Ras superfamily genes in eastern honeybee (Apis cerana)","authors":"Dufu Li ,&nbsp;Jun Zhang ,&nbsp;Siming Liu ,&nbsp;Yubo He ,&nbsp;Qiang Ma ,&nbsp;Pengfei Wang ,&nbsp;Zhengang Ma ,&nbsp;Jinshan Xu ,&nbsp;Zeyang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ras superfamily, a crucial gene family in eukaryotes, functions as molecular switches that regulate various physiological and biochemical processes within cells. However, research on this topic remains limited concerning <em>Apis cerana</em>, a pollinator of significant economic and ecological importance. Here, 83 Ras superfamily genes in the genome of <em>A. cerana</em> were identified and classified into five distinct families. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the homologous genes from two closely related species, <em>A. cerana</em> and <em>Apis mellifera</em>, clustered with relatively high bootstrap values. Notably, <em>Rerg</em> was unique to <em>A. cerana</em> compared to <em>A. mellifera</em> and had undergone gene duplication events. Expression profiles indicated diverse expression patterns of the Ras superfamily in the fat body during the holometabolous development of <em>A. cerana.</em> Most genes exhibited high expression levels during the later stages of adipose tissue remodeling; however, a minority were predominantly expressed during the prepupal (PP) and 1-day-old pupae (P1) stages. Among the 8 pairs of genes that had undergone gene duplication, 4 had inconsistent patterns, and 3 pairs were from the Ras family. In particular, <em>Di-Ras2-2</em> was found to be highly expressed exclusively at the PP, and <em>Rap2a-2</em> was only highly expressed during newly emerged (Em) stage. The observed differences in expression patterns may reflect adaptations to varying energy metabolism modes or environmental pressures. These findings provided a foundational basis for further investigation into the potential physiological roles of the Ras superfamily in <em>A. cerana</em> and offered valuable insights for analyzing this gene family across other insect species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101447"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome signatures of the lipid metabolism in the liver and partial characterisation of the plasma phospholipidome of a long-distance migratory bird, the Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe)","authors":"Roberto Carlos Frias-Soler ,&nbsp;Natalie A. Wellbrock ,&nbsp;Laura Bindila ,&nbsp;Michael Wink ,&nbsp;Franz Bairlein","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Northern Wheatear (<em>Oenanthe oenanthe</em>) is a long-distance migratory bird that has become a model species for the study of the phenomenology and molecular aspects of avian migration. Here, we analysed transcriptomic data related to the lipid metabolism in the liver of wheatears during the development and termination of the migratory fattening. In parallel, we partially characterised their plasma phospholipidome. Based on transcriptomic data, we found evidence of a fine-scale regulation of the lipogenesis/lipolysis rate and over the fatty acid composition during the migratory season. Furthermore, our results suggest a regulated production of oxylipins, signaling lipids derivatives of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Regarding the plasma phospholipid profiling, different lipid species showed a significant differential abundance among migratory stages: lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC 18:0), sphingomyelin (SM 34:1;O2) and phosphatidylinositols (PI 36:4 and PI 38:4). The liver transcriptomic and plasma lipidomic data agree well, showing the relevance of the liver in controlling the lipid metabolism in relation to migration. We hope that the results discussed in this publication would open the door for future functional genetic and metabolic studies regarding avian migration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101452"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome and lipidome integration unveils key mechanisms constraining bivalve larval sensitivity in an acidifying sea","authors":"Yang Xu ,&nbsp;Fortunatus Masanja ,&nbsp;Yuewen Deng ,&nbsp;Liqiang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intensity, frequencye and duration of seawater acidification in coastal seas have already surpassed projections for open oceans. Bivalve larvae are extremely sensitive to intensifying coastal seawater acidificaiton during their initial shell building, a critical period constraining recruitment success and population maintenance, but underlying mechanisms of larval shell formation sensitivity to acidification remain largely debated. Here, we performed an integrated analysis of the transcriptome and lipidome of trochophore of <em>Ruditapes philippinarum</em> to compare the core molecular responses involved in initial shell formation under ambient (pH 8.1), moderately (pH 7.7), and severely (pH 7.4) acidified conditions. Ocean acidification (OA) affected the ion transport efficiency by inhibiting gene expression of key ion transporters, thereby inhibiting initial shell formation, but the gene downregulation in the moderate exposure group was more significant. OA also induced major membrane lipid remodeling in larvae, which also significantly affected the ion transport efficiency. The TAG content of larvae which sustained the energy supply for active transport of calcification substrates and synthesis of organic matrix in the severe exposure group was significantly reduced. Overall, OA inhibited the formation of the initial larval shell, but different levels of OA had different inhibitory mechanisms on the initial larval shell formation, and the present study also further identified the role of lipids in initial shell formation, which can provide a theoretical basis for for a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of the impact of OA on bivalve calcification in an acidifying ocean.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101450"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic metabolic profiling of sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus) under predation stress","authors":"Yongxin Sun ,&nbsp;Shuo Wang ,&nbsp;Chong Wang ,&nbsp;Meng Wang ,&nbsp;Liang Qu ,&nbsp;Jian Song ,&nbsp;Chong Zhao ,&nbsp;Qingzhi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study utilized non-targeted liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to investigate the metabolomic responses of sea cucumber (<em>Apostichopus japonicus</em>) juveniles under predation stress induced by sea stars (<em>Asterina pectinifera</em>) at various time points (3 h, 12 h, 72 h, and 96 h). The findings revealed significant temporal changes in the metabolic profiles of the sea cucumber juveniles under predation stress, with 25, 72, 55, and 53 metabolic products exhibiting significantly different expression levels at each time point (positive ion mode, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), respectively. Notably, the impact of predation stress was most pronounced at the 12-h mark. Multivariate statistical methods, including principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), further confirmed distinct clustering of the experimental group away from the control group at each time point, with the most pronounced separation occurring at 12 h, indicating a significant and time-dependent metabolic response to predation stress. Key metabolic pathways associated with predation stress were identified, such as carbon metabolism, pentose phosphate pathway, purine metabolism, riboflavin metabolism, longevity regulation, and antifolate resistance pathways, by integrating variable importance in the projection (VIP), fold change (FC), and <em>P</em>-value. KEGG enrichment analysis highlighted significant expression changes of key metabolites like carbamoyl phosphate, gluconolactone, inosine, 2′-deoxyguanosine, and adenylate in response to predation stress, potentially related to energy metabolism, antioxidant defense, signal transduction, and cellular stress responses. The study provides novel insights into the metabolic adaptability of sea cucumber juveniles to predation stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101451"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-negative matrix factorization reveals seasonal and sex-specific metabolic tactics in tropical tilapia","authors":"Min-Chen Wang ,&nbsp;Ching-Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Fumiya Furukawa ,&nbsp;Ching-Chun Lin ,&nbsp;Tzu-Hao Lin ,&nbsp;Yung-Che Tseng","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding metabolic adaptations to seasonal fluctuations in ectothermic organisms is challenging, especially in tropical species where physiological responses are more pronounced than in temperate or polar counterparts. Traditional analytical methods often fail to account for the complex metabolic adjustments that are present in these substantial responses, and the high-dimensional characteristics of metabolomic data complicate the interpretation process when using conventional statistical methods. We utilized Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF), an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, to analyze monthly serum metabolomics data from tilapia over a year in order to overcome these limits. A deeper analysis using NMF demonstrated that carbohydrates gained prominence during warmer months, as evidenced by consistently elevated weights of glycolysis intermediates in our quantitative analysis. Furthermore, fatty acids remained an important factor in both warm and cold seasons. Amino acids emerged as particularly versatile metabolites, exhibiting adaptability during seasonal transitions. This flexibility suggests their crucial role in coordinating energy-related adaptations and potentially facilitating epigenetic and reproductive responses to changing environments. Serum aspartate composition during the warm-cold transition indicated sex-specific metabolic strategies, as sexual dimorphism was observed in the seasonal utilization of fatty acids and aspartate. Collectively, NMF objectively assesses the metabolic tactics of tropical fish and reveals latent patterns in real-world metabolic dynamics. Consequently, it possesses the potential to facilitate metabolomics-driven species conservation in response to environmental changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome analysis of the spermatogonial stem cell line of Opsariichthys bidens after infection with three strains of ranaviruses","authors":"Lang Gui ,&nbsp;Shiwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhongyi Liu ,&nbsp;Linwen Cheng ,&nbsp;Qiqi Jiang ,&nbsp;Mingyou Li ,&nbsp;Dong Liu ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Ren ,&nbsp;Fei Ke","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The long-term-cultured <em>Opsariichthys bidens</em> spermatogonial stem cell line (ObSSC) was established in our previous study, which could be induced to differentiate into sperm <em>in vitro</em>. The genus <em>Ranavirus</em> is a large double-stranded DNA virus with a high degree of pathogenicity, which can be widely transmitted in fish, amphibians and reptiles. It is highly representative and possesses significant research value. The present study aimed to investigate the morphological changes and transcriptome analyses of ObSSC following infection by the three strains of ranaviruses (<em>Andrias davidianus</em> ranavirus, ADRV; <em>Rana grylio</em> virus, RGV; <em>Siniperca chuatsi</em> ranavirus, SCRaV). Microscopic observation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection techniques were employed to ascertain that ObSSC could be invaded by ranaviruses, resulting in the formation of cell shed plaques and other lesions. Transcriptome analysis revealed the high degree of similarity among different infections of ranaviruses. The genes <em>Egr1</em> (early growth response protein 1) and <em>Dusp2</em> (dual specificity protein phosphatase 2) were downregulated after infection. The downregulation of PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways was observed in all infected groups, which may be related to the interference of viral infection on cell growth, biological process and apoptosis. At the same time, specific responses of the host cells were observed by infections of different types of ranaviruses. The expression of phagosome was upregulated in the ADRV-infected group, whereas the Junctional Adhesion Molecule (JAM2) and the leukocyte transendothelial migration pathway was upregulated in the RGV-infected group, and the Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis was upregulated in the SCRaV-infected group. These findings provided important clues for further understanding of the mechanism of ranaviruses infection and host cell response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of spleen structure, biochemical parameters, and transcriptome of adult and juvenile yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) in the South China Sea","authors":"Wanlin Guan ,&nbsp;Xiameng Su ,&nbsp;Xu Ji ,&nbsp;Jigui Yuan ,&nbsp;Qian Li ,&nbsp;Ying Zou ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Lu ,&nbsp;Juan Xiao ,&nbsp;Mei Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As one of the top predators in the ocean, yellowfin tuna possesses physiological characteristics that are highly adapted to its high-speed swimming habits, such as high cardiac output and efficient oxygen uptake and transportation systems, which enable it to swim rapidly various diverse layers of the water for feeding activities. These physiological characteristics are intricately associated with the efficient hematopoietic function of its spleen, which plays a crucial role in maintaining its long-distance migration and sustained physical activity in particular. However, there are fewer studies on the developmental biology and function of the spleen in this species. In order to investigate the changes in spleen structure and function during the development of yellowfin tuna, this study compared the histological characteristics, biochemical indexes and transcriptome profiles of the spleen in adult and juvenile yellowfin tuna from the South China Sea. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E), Masson, and reticular fiber staining revealed that the proportion of white pulp and the mean number of blood sinus in the spleen of adult fish were significantly less than those in juvenile fish (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), while the relative area of red pulp displayed no significant difference between the two groups. In addition, the contents of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, erythropoietin, thrombopoietin, and stromal cell-derived factor 1 were significantly lower in the spleen of adult fish than in juvenile fish (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), while the contents of bone morphogenetic protein 2 and transforming growth factor β1 were significantly increased in juvenile fish spleens (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that there were 1255 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between adult and juvenile fish, of which 477 were upregulated and 778 were down-regulated. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed that these DEGs were mainly related to embryonic hematopoiesis, the development of blood and lymphoid organs, and the HIF-1 signaling pathway. Key DEGs associated with hematopoietic function were further identified, such as <em>pik3r3b</em>, <em>gata1a</em>, <em>klf1</em>, <em>epor</em>, and <em>lmo2</em>. In conclusion, this study offers a comprehensive comparison of spleen histology, cytokine activities related to hematopoiesis and cell development, and transcriptomic differences between adult and juvenile yellowfin tuna. These findings provide valuable insights into the spleen hematopoietic development mechanism of decoding yellowfin tuna and other tuna species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101445"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses provide insights into the energy metabolism and signaling regulation of byssus secretion in winged pearl oyster Pteria penguin","authors":"Yi Chen ,&nbsp;Changqing Han ,&nbsp;Huilong Ou ,&nbsp;Hengda Chen ,&nbsp;Yibing Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Zhan","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101446","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101446","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The winged pearl oyster <em>Pteria penguin</em> has the unique stout byssus in comparison with other pearl oysters. However, the mechanism of the byssus secretion in this species has not been largely investigated. This study applied transcriptomic and metabolomic techniques to elucidate this mechanism. The results showed that 3420 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified which were enriched in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, TCA cycle, fatty acid metabolism, mTOR signaling pathway, FoxO signaling pathway and Notch signaling pathway. The metabolomic analysis revealed that 135 significantly different metabolites (SDMs) were identified with 23 pathways involved, including pentose phosphate pathway, glutathione metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Comprehensive analysis of transcriptome and metabolome indicated that glycogen, fatty acid metabolism and protein conversion could be used interchangeably as energy sources. Moreover, the glutathione metabolism and immune response demonstrated the importance of cellular homeostasis for byssus secretion in the winged pearl oyster. Dynamic expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine receptors and adenylate cyclase suggested that the foot may regulate byssus secretion through an aminergic neurofeedback system which could translate information into neurochemical signals. In conclusion, this study provided insights into the energy metabolism and signaling regulation of byssus secretion in winged pearl oyster by the transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101446"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyraclostrobin-induced toxic effects in the gills of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.): Mechanisms unveiled through biochemical, molecular, and metabolomic analyses","authors":"Haoyang Zhao ,&nbsp;Qingping Ma ,&nbsp;Shuhan Lu ,&nbsp;Shangwu Liu ,&nbsp;Yiyi Feng ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Bangjun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pyraclostrobin (PYR) is widely used in agriculture to control fungal infestations. However, the toxic effects of PYR on aquatic organisms remain poorly understood. In this study, common carp were exposed to 0.5, and 5.0 μg/L PYR for 30 days to evaluate the chronic effects on gill health via histopathological, biochemical, molecular, and metabolomic analyses. The findings revealed that exposure to PYR resulted in significant histopathological alterations, suppression of mitochondrial complex III activity, and excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including O₂^•- and H₂O₂. Additionally, PYR exposure altered the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) while increasing the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the gills of common carp. The protein expression levels of lysozyme (LZM), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) were significantly elevated following exposure to PYR, whereas the levels of complement 3 (C3) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) were decreased. Furthermore, the amount of IL-6 decreased on day 15 before increasing on day 30. Further analysis revealed a notable increase in acid phosphatase (ACP) activity and a decrease in alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity after 30 days of PYR exposure. Moreover, PYR exposure significantly altered the mRNA expression levels of immune-related genes (<em>lzm</em>, <em>c3</em>, and <em>igm</em>) and apoptosis-related genes (<em>p53</em>, <em>bcl-2</em>, <em>bax</em>, <em>caspase-3</em>, and <em>caspase-9</em>). Several inflammatory markers, such as NF-κB p65 protein and the mRNA levels of <em>tlr2</em>, <em>tlr4</em>, <em>myd88</em>, <em>tnf-α</em>, <em>il-1β</em>, <em>il-6</em>, and <em>tgf-β</em>, were also markedly changed. Metabolomic studies demonstrated that PYR influences pathways related to amino acid, nucleotide, arachidonic acid, and linoleic acid metabolism. These results indicate that PYR adversely affects gill health by inducing oxidative stress, disrupting immune and inflammatory responses, affecting apoptosis-related pathways, and altering metabolic homeostasis. This study provides new insights into the toxic mechanisms of PYR and contributes to the assessment of the ecological risks associated with its presence in aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}