Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics最新文献

{"title":"Microbial dysbiosis induced in Cyprinus carpio by tetrabromobisphenol A exposure: Mediation through gut barrier impairment and oxidative stress","authors":"Yimin Li ,&nbsp;Chunnuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zihao Meng ,&nbsp;Mengkang You ,&nbsp;Huajuan Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The frequent detection of Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in environmental media has elicited considerable scientific concern. The ecotoxicological impacts of TBBPA on intestinal health in the common carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio</em>) were systematically investigated through integrated histopathological, biochemical, and metagenomic analyses. Fish were exposed to environmentally relevant TBBPA concentrations (0, 0.005, 0.05, and 0.5 mg/L) for a 14-day duration. Dose-dependent intestinal damage was induced by TBBPA exposure, manifested as villus fusion and atrophy, oxidative stress (diminished SOD/CAT activities and elevated MDA levels), and downregulated expression of tight junction proteins (<em>ZO-1</em>, <em>Claudin-3</em>, <em>Occludin</em>). This collectively compromised barrier integrity and triggered pro-inflammatory cytokine upregulation of <em>TNF-α</em> alongside anti-inflammatory <em>IL-10</em> suppression. Significant intestinal microbial dysbiosis was detected via 16S rRNA sequencing. Alpha diversity indices were reduced at low concentrations (0.005 mg/L) of TBBPA but elevated at higher concentrations (0.05–0.5 mg/L). TBBPA exposure induced gut microbiota perturbations, characterized by depletion of beneficial taxa (<em>Cetobacterium</em>) and enrichment of opportunistic pathogens (<em>Legionella</em> and <em>Thermomonas</em>). Functional prediction analyses indicated that these microbial alterations may influence carbohydrate metabolism, and vitamin biosynthesis within the intestinal tract of common carp. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that TBBPA disrupted intestinal health via synergistic mechanisms involving oxidative stress, histopathological damage, and microbiota-mediated dysregulation. This investigation addresses a critical knowledge gap regarding the impacts of TBBPA on fish gut microbiota, while providing provided a reference for assessing the potential ecological risks of TBBPA in the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101609"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic analysis, tissue expression, and response to temperature variation of TRP genes in Monopterus albus","authors":"Zhi Yang ,&nbsp;Yuhua Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are essential in vertebrate sensory nervous systems, responding to various stimuli, including changes in environmental temperature. A recent study suggested that <em>Trpv4</em> may be involved in temperature-induced sex reversal of <em>Monopterus albus</em>, a hermaphroditic and economically farmed fish. In this study, we obtained a total of 36 TRP genes of <em>M. albus</em> from 6 TRP subfamilies, and their basic physiological and biochemical characteristics were characterized. We conducted statistical and cluster analyses on 336 TRP genes from 10 species and found that they all contained the TRPA, TRPC, TRPM, TRPV, MCOLN, PKD subfamilies. In particular, <em>Misgurnus anguillicaudatus</em> and <em>Paramisgurnus dabryanus</em> also had the TRPN subfamily. In addition, we detected the expression of the TRP genes of <em>M. albus</em> in different sexes, different tissues and different temperatures by RT-qPCR. The results showed the expression of TRP genes was different between sexes and had tissue specificity. Most TRP genes are expressed in males (sex) or in the gonads and heart (tissue). Most importantly, we found that there are four response patterns of the TRP genes to temperature changes. Among them, most genes (20/36) are sensitive to both high and low temperatures. We detected that <em>Trpc1</em>, a gene sensitive only to high temperature, was mainly localized to early oocytes or seminal vesicles in gonads of different sexes, and <em>Trpc1</em> was under positive selection. Our findings will provide essential data for future investigations of the role of the TRP gene family in temperature-induced sex reversal of <em>M. albus</em> or the role in adapting to other environmental changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101616"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of acute and chronic toxicological exposure effects of polystyrene nanoparticles on Macrobrachium rosenbergii: Implications for antioxidative defense and immunosuppression","authors":"Yi Juin Tay ,&nbsp;Mingming Han ,&nbsp;Zihan Zou ,&nbsp;Xu Kuang ,&nbsp;Guoxing Liu ,&nbsp;Qichen Jiang ,&nbsp;Sen Xiong ,&nbsp;Ji Liang ,&nbsp;Anisah Lee Binti Abdullah","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global pollution by microplastics (MPs) and nano-plastics (NPs) disrupts aquatic ecosystems and compromises the health of aquatic animals. However, there is a significant gap in the literature regarding acute high-dose and chronic low-dose polystyrene nano-plastic (PS-NP) exposures that simulate point-source and non-point source pollution events, respectively. The PS-NP concentrations (10 mg/L for acute exposure and 1 mg/L for chronic exposure) were designed to simulate realistic environmental scenarios. In this study, the giant freshwater prawn (<em>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</em>) was used as a model to investigate the differences on physiological functions under acute (96 h, 10 mg/L) and chronic (30 days, 1 mg/L) PS-NP exposure. Transcriptome sequencing and basic biochemical detection were utilized to analyze changes in gene expression, antioxidative and immunological responses of hepatopancreas. The results demonstrated that acute exposure to PS-NPs induced a significant upregulation of antioxidative and pro-inflammatory enzymes, suggesting a rapid stress response and activation of immediate defense mechanisms. In contrast, chronic exposure led to downregulation of mitochondrial and immune pathways, collapse of antioxidative defense, increased lipid peroxidation, and signs of immunosuppression. These findings underscored the time-dependent toxico-dynamics of PS-NPs and highlighted their potential ecological risks under prolonged exposure. The study provided molecular-level evidence to support more accurate environmental risk assessments and informs mitigation strategies for safeguarding aquaculture health in contaminated freshwater ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101612"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The haplotype-resolved chromosome-level genome assembly of Spinibarbus caldwelli provides insights into environmental adaptability and disease resistance","authors":"Yannian Wu ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Cheng ,&nbsp;Hao Xu ,&nbsp;Maoyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Ye ,&nbsp;Mingyong Lai ,&nbsp;Dongling Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Spinibarbus caldwelli</em> is a cyprinid freshwater fish of significant economic and ecological value that is known for its strong environmental adaptability and disease resistance. As an allotetraploid species with a complex genome structure, the lack of a high-quality reference genome has long hindered in-depth studies on its evolutionary mechanisms and adaptive basis. In this study, we employed PacBio HiFi long-read sequencing in combination with Hi-C technology to generate a high-quality, haplotype-resolved chromosome-level reference genome of <em>S. caldwelli</em>. Two haplotypes (Haplotype 1 and Haplotype 2) were assembled, with total lengths of 1.76 Gb and 1.78 Gb respectively. Based on homologous chromosome alignment and genome collinearity analysis, the genome was partitioned into two subgenomes (A and B), confirming its allotetraploid origin. Further integrated gene family evolution and positive selection analyses revealed that genes within several key functional pathways, such as the Fanconi anemia pathway, p53 signaling pathway, and B-cell receptor signaling pathway, presented significant signals of expansion or positive selection. These pathways represented essential biological processes that support genomic stability and immune defense in <em>S. caldwelli</em> under complex hydrodynamic conditions and potential pathogenic stress. The results offer a valuable theoretical and data foundation for studies on genome stability, immune evolution, polyploid diversification, and molecular breeding in cyprinid fishes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101611"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond opioid and SNRI-like actions: Proteomic insights into the effects of tramadol and O-desmethyltramadol in zebrafish larvae","authors":"Pedro Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Mário Jorge Araújo ,&nbsp;Alexandre Campos ,&nbsp;Maria V. Turkina ,&nbsp;Luís Oliva-Teles ,&nbsp;António Paulo Carvalho ,&nbsp;Laura Guimarães","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of pharmaceuticals in natural habitats is an increasing concern. In particular, the antidepressant tramadol (TRA) and its metabolite <em>o</em>-desmethyltramadol (OTRA) have become ubiquitous compounds in aquatic ecosystems. However, investigation of their impact on fish, particularly on their proteome, still needs attention. Therefore, this work assesses the alterations in the proteome of zebrafish larvae caused by TRA or OTRA exposure.</div><div>Zebrafish larvae (0–3 h post-fertilization, hpf) were exposed to 0.1 or 100 μg/L of TRA or OTRA until reaching 168 hpf. The larvae proteome was then investigated through shotgun proteomics, employing the filter-aided sample preparation method (FASP) followed by high-throughput LC-MS/MS analysis. Coupling mass spectrometry quantification with a saturated orthogonal multiple linear regression analysis provided identification of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Finally, the functional analysis of these DEPs was performed with STRING-DB online tool to identify possible molecular pathways affected by the treatments.</div><div>A total of 162 DEPs were identified, with the highest number observed in larvae exposed to the lower TRA concentration. These highlights possible non-monotonic responses and supports previously described effects for other endpoints, which may affect the serotonergic, noradrenergic and opioid systems. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis also indicated putative alterations in metabolic pathways e.g., Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis, Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (TCA), Oxidative phosphorylation, Pyruvate metabolism, and Carbon metabolism. Our results suggest that TRA and OTRA exposure may impact vital biological processes in fish larvae, emphasizing the need for adequate integrated monitoring of tramadol, its metabolites, and effects in aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101615"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The toggle switch model for gene expression change during duck skeletal muscle development","authors":"Dingbang Ding ,&nbsp;Lionel Kinkpe ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Yunsheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xia Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Skeletal muscle development, a precisely orchestrated process, is vital for animal movement, energy metabolism, and meat production. Among Chinese poultry breeds, the Pekin duck and Liancheng duck are prominent, distinguished by their unique meat qualities and growth rates. In this study, we identified developmentally dynamic genes (DDG) by RNA sequencing of skeletal muscle tissues at different time points, from 1 to 42 days after birth, and found DDGs with opposite expression patterns in the early and late periods of skeletal muscle development. The high-to-low (earlyDDGs) and low-to-high (lateDDGs) expressed genes in two duck breeds, which show different functional enrichment features, were potentially regulated by different mutually inhibitory toggle-switch developmentally dynamic transcription factor (DDTF) pairs and alternative splicing. In Pekin ducks, interactions between earlyDDTFs (<em>ZEB1</em>, <em>RORA</em>, <em>E2F6</em>, <em>PLAG1</em>, <em>MSANTD3)</em> and lateDDTFs (<em>ATF4</em>, <em>SIX2</em>, <em>ZBED4)</em> predominantly affect earlyDDGs, prioritizing neuron establishment and optimization and lateDDGs enriched in VEGF-VEGFR2 signaling and cell division. In contrast, in Liancheng ducks, interactions between earlyDDTFs <em>ATF2</em>, <em>FOXP2</em>, <em>NR2C1</em>, <em>GLIS2</em> and lateDDTFs <em>ESRRB</em>, <em>MYCN</em> are likely to affect earlyDDGs more involved in intracellular coordination and proliferation and lateDDGs involved in aerobic respiration and fatty acid beta-oxidation. Besides, differences in alternative splicing were observed for DDGs such as <em>COL13A1</em> and <em>RNF10</em>, which may affect neurotransmission and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation during skeletal muscle development between two duck breeds. These findings enhance our understanding of differences in regulatory mechanisms of skeletal muscle development between Pekin duck and Liancheng duck.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The molecular mechanism by which miR-206-regulated JunD expression influences myoblast proliferation and differentiation in yaks","authors":"Haoyang Li ,&nbsp;Wei Peng ,&nbsp;Rong Huang ,&nbsp;Jianghao Chang ,&nbsp;Huawei Su ,&nbsp;Yang He ,&nbsp;Chuzhao Lei ,&nbsp;Jun Zhang ,&nbsp;Zongsheng Zhao ,&nbsp;Yongzhen Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jun dimerization protein D (<em>JunD</em>), a member of the activating protein-1 transcription factor family, serves as a key regulator of mammalian myogenesis by orchestrating cell cycle progression and coordinating the network of myogenic differentiation determinants. miR-206 exhibits tissue-specific expression in skeletal muscle, with abundant representation across miRNA expression profiles in multiple mammalian species. Although both <em>JunD</em> and miR-206 are critically involved in muscle development, their specific roles in yak skeletal muscle ontogeny remain poorly characterized, particularly regarding the regulatory axis involving miR-206-mediated targeting of <em>JunD</em> during myoblast proliferation and differentiation. To address this knowledge gap, this study used methods such as CCK-8, EdU, RT-qPCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, and the dual-luciferase reporter system. It was found that <em>JunD</em> significantly promoted the expression of cell cycle factors, such as <em>CDK2</em> and <em>PCNA</em>, and increased cell proliferation and the proportion of S-phase cells. <em>JunD</em> overexpression or interference experiments demonstrated that it enhanced the differentiation and myotube formation ability of myoblasts and simultaneously upregulated the expression of key genes such as <em>MYOG</em> and <em>MYOD</em>. Additionally, the results of cell cycle detection by flow cytometry revealed that the <em>JunD</em> gene inhibited the apoptosis of yak myoblasts. Transcriptome analysis revealed that <em>JunD</em> regulated cAMP and other signaling pathways related to proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The results of the dual-luciferase reporter assay showed a good binding relationship between miR-206 and <em>JunD</em>. The rescue experiments demonstrated that miR-206 regulated the expression of the <em>JunD</em> gene, thereby exerting its influence at the transcriptional level. This study marks the first identification of <em>JunD</em> in yaks and clarifies its role in the development of yak myoblasts through the miR-206–<em>JunD</em> regulatory axis. These findings provide new insights into the molecular breeding of cattle, contributing to the basic research into the breeding and muscle development of yaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101600"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of microRNAs from juvenile greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) in response to marine heatwaves","authors":"Liancheng Li ,&nbsp;Yali Tian ,&nbsp;Hongzhao Long ,&nbsp;Dongying Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruijuan Hao ,&nbsp;Hang Li ,&nbsp;Chen Wang ,&nbsp;Qin Hu ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Ru ,&nbsp;Qiuxia Deng ,&nbsp;Yang Huang ,&nbsp;Chunhua Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine heatwaves (MHWs) have become more frequent in recent years, and this has had a major effect on fisheries and marine ecosystems. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential regulators of the thermal stress response. Here, we identified the miRNAs involved in the response to MHWs in <em>Seriola dumerili</em>. A total of 10.65 M, 12.60 M, 14.51 M, and 13.96 M clean tags were acquired in the control group-4d (CG-4d), CG-13d, experimental group-4d (EG-4d), and EG-13d groups, respectively, and 889 miRNAs were identified. In the transcriptome sequencing, a total of 142,613.81 M clean data were obtained. Differentially expressed (DE) analysis of miRNA and genes showed that a total of 58 and 2313 of miRNAs and genes were differentially expressed in the short-lasting MHWs group, respectively. 67 and 3804 of miRNAs and genes were differentially expressed in the repeatedly-occurring MHWs group, respectively. Integrated analysis of DE genes (DEGs) and DE miRNAs revealed 3474 and 7035 miRNA-mRNA pairs in the short-lasting MHWs group and repeatedly-occurring MHWs group, respectively. The number of down-regulated target DEGs was higher than the number of up-regulated target DEGs in the repeatedly-occurring MHWs group, which indicated that damage induced by repeatedly-occurring MHWs in <em>S. dumerili</em> may be greater than that induced by short-lasting MHWs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed that target DEGs were enriched in antioxidant, metabolic, protein folding, and immunological pathways. An interacted network was constructed using 15 miRNAs and 157 target DEGs from these pathways, which revealed that <em>miR-195-x</em>, <em>miR-203-y</em>, and <em>miR-14-y</em> play essential roles in regulating the response of <em>S. dumerili</em> to MHWs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144852630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of hepatopancreatic pathological changes in Eriocheir sinensis affected by hepatopancreatic necrosis disease","authors":"Chuang Liu ,&nbsp;Minghui Shang ,&nbsp;Yunfei Sun ,&nbsp;Chen Tang ,&nbsp;Yongxu Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101608","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (HPND) has had a significant impact on the aquaculture industry of <em>Eriocheir sinensis</em>, yet its pathogenic mechanisms remain controversial. This study investigates the pathological alterations in the hepatopancreas of <em>E. sinensis</em> affected by HPND by comparing the biochemical composition of the hepatopancreas in healthy and diseased crabs, in combination with transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. Our results show that the hepatosomatic index (HSI), as well as crude lipid and crude protein levels, were significantly reduced in HPND-affected crabs compared to healthy ones (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Fatty acid profiling revealed notable changes, with many fatty acids showing significant decreases (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Integrated omics analysis indicated that multiple pathways related to energy metabolism and immune response were enriched in diseased hepatopancreas tissues, including retinol metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, peroxisome, lysosome, apoptosis, fatty acid degradation, endocytosis, glutathione metabolism, and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. Notably, the AMPK signaling pathway was significantly activated, promoting glycolysis and fatty acid metabolism, inhibiting fatty acid synthesis, and regulating apoptosis and autophagy. This research presents an in-depth analysis of the pathological and molecular alterations in the hepatopancreas of HPND-infected crabs, offering new insights into its underlying pathogenic mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101608"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144841347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the STARD family in arthropods: Genome-wide identification, evolutionary analysis and expression patterns","authors":"Min Zhang ,&nbsp;Mingjie Li ,&nbsp;Boxiang Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiaowu Chen ,&nbsp;Xugan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Steroidogenic acute regulatory domain (STARD) protein family plays a crucial role in cholesterol and carotenoids transport; however, little is known about their evolution history, gene structure and potential ligands in arthropods. This study comprehensively investigated the STARD family in crustaceans, focusing on phylogenetic relationships, evolutionary dynamics, ligand preferences, and expression patterns in the Chinese mitten crab <em>Eriocheir sinensis</em>. In total, 196 <em>STARD</em> genes were identified across 34 representative arthropods, and the STARD1/3 alternative was exhibited in most arthropods. STARDs were grouped into six clades, each exhibiting distinct affinities for eight carotenoids. STARDs were evolutionarily conserved, they were under purifying selection with a preference for similar codons. In <em>E. sinensis</em>, six STARD genes were identified with distinct tissue-specific expression patterns. Moreover, the mRNA levels of <em>STARD3</em> and <em>STARD11</em> in the hepatopancreas were significantly upregulated upon high-pH exposure, likely reflecting an adaptive mechanism to enhance carotenoid utilization, thereby mitigating oxidative damage from high-pH stress and maintaining hepatopancreatic homeostasis. Overall, these results provide valuable insights into the evolutionary dynamics, ligand preferences and functional diversification of STARD family in arthropods, which highlights the future research direction of this gene family in arthropods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55235,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D-Genomics & Proteomics","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101606"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}