Computers and Geotechnics最新文献

{"title":"Long-term stability of a tunnel excavated in expansive stratum: response to water infiltration and influence of surrounding ground stiffness","authors":"Sujian Ma,&nbsp;Ying Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107580","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107580","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Expansive soils are widely distributed globally and frequently intersect tunnel construction projects. Although various techniques are available to reinforce and stabilize tunnels during construction, the swelling behavior of expansive soils remains challenging to predict in the operational phase. This study investigates the swelling characteristics of expansive soils induced by water infiltration and their mechanical impact on tunnels. The results indicate that the swelling rock model proposed by <span><span>Wittke-Gattermann and Wittke (2004)</span></span> effectively simulates the interaction between expansive soils and tunnels, successfully reproducing a pressure evolution process characterized by three stages: rapid increase, plateau, and renaissance. During the plateau phase, expansive soils reach their maximum swelling under the loading of the surroundings, temporarily ceasing pressure growth while inducing significant shear deformation in the surrounding ground. As inner saturation progresses, swelling pressure spreads outward, triggering a renaissance phase until the system reaches equilibrium. The study further examines the influence of surrounding ground stiffness, showing that low-stiffness ground undergoes large deformation with limited pressure on the tunnel, while high-stiffness ground restricts deformation but transfers greater pressure to the tunnel lining, especially at the invert. Furthermore, real-scale simulations with varying locations of expansive soil indicate that as the expansive soil layer shifts vertically from the model bottom to the top, the surrounding ground stress state transitions from vertical to horizontal compression, thereby altering tunnel deformation patterns and influencing potential failure modes. These findings provide valuable insights into the long-term performance of tunnels in expansive soil environments, highlighting the importance of considering both stiffness contrasts and soil layer positioning in tunnel design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107580"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigations into the drainage effects on the behaviors of plate anchors under unidirectional and combined loadings","authors":"Maozhu Peng,&nbsp;Zhen-Yu Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents one of the first systematic investigations into the drainage-dependent behaviors of a deeply embedded plate anchor under unidirectional and combined loadings using finite element analysis. The hydro-mechanical soil response is modeled via Biot’s consolidation theory coupled with the Modified Cam-Clay model, incorporating a regularization scheme to address numerical instability near the drained regime and to robustly capture anchor–soil detachment. Results show that anchor capacities are strongly dependent on drainage conditions and are predominantly governed by the normal component under combined loading. Failure mechanisms vary significantly with drainage and are generally localized around the anchor, except in drained penetration, which induces notable mudline settlement. Detachment at the anchor–soil interface arises under near-drained conditions across all loading paths and progressively vanishes with increasing loading rate due to the mobilization of interfacial suction. A typical transition from detachment to attachment is observed near a dimensionless velocity of <em>V</em> = 1. A quantitative method is proposed to identify threshold velocities separating drained, partially drained, and undrained regimes. Both thresholds are identified for various unidirectional and combined loading paths and exhibit strong path dependency, attributed to differences in pore pressure generation and dissipation mechanisms across loading scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107624"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144988165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEM insights into shear strength weakening mechanism of granular material under high-frequency vibration load","authors":"Yi Zheng ,&nbsp;Jiantao Bu ,&nbsp;Jiayan Nie ,&nbsp;Zhiyong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-speed trains caused high-frequency vibration may weak the strength of subgrade soil. This study employed the discrete element method (DEM) to explore the dynamic mechanical response characteristics of granular material subjected to high-frequency vibration load. The correlation between microscopic mechanisms including energy dissipation, evolution of the mechanical coordination number, and fabric anisotropy with macroscopic behavior was systematically analyzed to reveal the underlying physical mechanisms. The results indicated that in the pre-peak and critical stages, the relative effective stress ratio attenuation of the granular material is linearly correlated with the change in relative void ratio. The evolution of mechanical coordination number exhibits high synchronization with void ratio changes at the microscopic scale. Meanwhile, during static shear and vibratory loading, the internal energy of the system is dissipated mainly through frictional energy and secondly through damping energy. In addition, there is a linear correlation between the change in the strain energy of the particles and the relative attenuation of the effective stress ratio Δ(<em>q</em>/<em>p</em>′)/(<em>q</em>/<em>p</em>′)_mon. Under high-frequency vibration, the reduction in effective stress ratio can be attributed to the combined effects of contact normal anisotropy (<em>a</em>_n), tangential contact force anisotropy (<em>a</em>_t), and normal contact force anisotropy (<em>a</em>_c), with contact normal anisotropy being the primary contributor. Finally, the limitations of this study and future research directions are summarized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107609"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase field modeling of crack self-healing kinetics in wet rock salt: Theory, numerical implementation, and micro-CT validation","authors":"Zhen Zeng ,&nbsp;Hongling Ma ,&nbsp;Wei Liang ,&nbsp;Xuan Wang ,&nbsp;Fahui Liu ,&nbsp;Wentao Li ,&nbsp;Kai Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a theoretical phase field-based model to quantitatively capture the kinetic process of crack self-healing driven by diffusion mass transfer in wet rock salt. The model defines the rock-crack system’s free energy using the Kim-Kim-Suzuki (KKS) model to quantify the thermodynamic driving forces of structural evolution. A phase field order parameter is introduced to characterize the solid-aqueous interface’s evolution. The mechanisms coupled in the self-healing process, including salt transport, dissolution-precipitation reactions, and activity degradation, are governed by two equations: (i) the Allen-Cahn equation for interface evolution and (ii) the matter conservation equation for phase field-dependent salt diffusion. The model’s theoretical consistency and numerical stability were first validated through simulations on simplified two-dimensional (2-D) cracks. The model was then applied to a three-dimensional (3-D) crack structure reconstructed from micro-CT scans. A comparison between simulation results and post-healing CT scans demonstrated the model’s ability to capture key self-healing behaviors, including crack fragmentation and spherization. These findings highlight the model’s potential as a theoretical approach for investigating the self-healing dynamics of complex crack structures in rock salt. In addition, the comparison also identifies this model’s limitations, including insufficient capture of healing on microscale curvature and the absence of distortion energy-driven recrystallization. Feasible enhancement strategies were proposed to address these limitations and enhance the model’s applicability and predictive accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107598"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A generalized multi-component analytical method to study the performance of a rockfall barrier under a generic impact condition","authors":"Francesco Pimpinella ,&nbsp;Maddalena Marchelli ,&nbsp;Valerio De Biagi","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The design of rockfall barriers is based on the system’s ability to absorb and dissipate the energy of an impacting block. Although manufacturers have developed different solutions, leading to countless possible on-site installations, the functional components of rockfall barriers remain largely consistent across technologies. In this study, the mechanical behaviour of a generic system is evaluated proposing a global analytical method, derived from the appropriate assembly of its fundamental components. For a given impact energy and position, this model allows estimating the barrier response in terms of maximum deflection of the net, forces in the wire ropes and energy dissipated by dissipating devices, providing an easy-to-use tool for the design. The method is applied to a 1000 kJ rockfall barrier. As real-scale test results are available for centred impacts only, a numerical model was developed to extend the validation to eccentric load cases. Besides being used for design purposes, the model can be utilized in a maintenance plan to assess the most critical components under various impact scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107602"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micromechanical evaluation of the effective stress parameter using the multiphase lattice Boltzmann method and investigation of its hysteresis","authors":"Reihaneh Hosseini,&nbsp;Krishna Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effective stress parameter, <span><math><mi>χ</mi></math></span>, is essential for calculating the effective stress in unsaturated soils. Experimental measurements have captured different relationships between <span><math><mi>χ</mi></math></span> and the degree of saturation, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>; however, they have not been able to explain the specific shapes of the <span><math><mi>χ</mi></math></span>-<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> curves. Theoretical solutions express <span><math><mi>χ</mi></math></span> as a function of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and the air–water interfacial area, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>w</mi><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>; however, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>w</mi><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> is difficult to predict, limiting further investigation of <span><math><mi>χ</mi></math></span> variation. This study presents an alternative micromechanical approach for studying <span><math><mi>χ</mi></math></span> by simulating the pore-scale distribution of the two fluid phases in unsaturated soils using the multiphase lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). We develop an algorithm for measuring <span><math><mi>χ</mi></math></span> based on the suction and surface tension forces applied to each grain. Using this algorithm, we simulate the <span><math><mi>χ</mi></math></span>-<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> curve over a full hydraulic cycle for a synthetic 3D granular soil column with immobile spherical grains. We find that <span><math><mrow><mi>χ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span> at <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mi>χ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span> at <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></math></span>, while <span><math><mrow><mi>χ</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> for all other saturations. The maximum divergence of <span><math><mi>χ</mi></math></span> from <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> occurs at the transition from/to the pendular regime. We also observe that the <span><math><mi>χ</mi></math></span>-<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>S</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> curve is hysteretic; <span><math><mi>χ</mi></math></span> is larger during wetting (imbibition) compared to drying (drainage) due to the larger contribution of surface tension forces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107564"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144924950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probabilistic analysis of suction caisson foundations for offshore wind turbines under lateral loading considering spatial variability of the critical state stress ratio via SANISAND-MS model","authors":"Hongfen Zhao ,&nbsp;Jinbiao Mo ,&nbsp;Yu Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Suction caissons are widely used as offshore foundations due to their ease of installation and cost-effectiveness. Conventional design methods often overlook soil spatial variability, which can lead to inaccurate estimates of ultimate limit state (ULS) reliability. This study employs a random finite element method combined with Monte Carlo simulation to investigate how the spatial variability of the critical state stress ratio <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>, as defined in the SANISAND-MS constitutive model, affects the response and ULS reliability of suction caissons in sandy soils under horizontal monotonic loading. The results reveal that <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> plays a complex role in governing soil behavior, influencing both the critical friction angle and the dilatancy surface. A higher <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> delays the onset of dilation, promoting contractive behavior, and leads to larger rotation of the suction caisson under horizontal loading. The spatial variability of <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>, characterized by the coefficient of variation (COV) and autocorrelation distance <span><math><mrow><mi>δ</mi></mrow></math></span>, significantly affects both the variability and mean response of the foundation. As COV increases, the heterogeneity of <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> intensifies, leading to greater scatter in caisson rotation but a reduced mean rotation compared to the homogeneous case. In contrast, increasing <span><math><mrow><mi>δ</mi></mrow></math></span> amplifies response variability while leaving the mean rotation largely unchanged. Moreover, the probability of failure <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>P</mi><mtext>f</mtext></msub></mrow></math></span> is found to decrease with COV but increase with <span><math><mrow><mi>δ</mi></mrow></math></span>. Neglecting the spatial variability of <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>M</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> can therefore result in substantial overestimation of <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>P</mi><mtext>f</mtext></msub></mrow></math></span>, resulting in overly conservative and unnecessarily costly foundation designs. These findings highlight the importance of incorporating spatial variability in offshore foundation design to achieve more accurate and economical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107600"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variational phase-field fracture approach for non-isothermal CO2-water two-phase flow in deformable porous media","authors":"Yuhao Liu ,&nbsp;Keita Yoshioka ,&nbsp;Tao You ,&nbsp;Hanzhang Li ,&nbsp;Fengshou Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> is injected to induce fracture in rock, the fracture tends to propagate in a more complex pattern and at a lower critical pressure compared to water injection. This study presents a fracture propagation model under <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>CO</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-water two-phase flow, based on the variational thermo-hydro-mechanical phase-field approach. For each constituent (water and CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>), the mass balance equation is derived while accounting for the capillary effect and the respective equations of state. Meanwhile, the equivalent pressure from two fluids modifies the potential energy description in thermo-poro-elastic media, following our previous micromechanics based model. The proposed model has been verified against the analytical solutions for one-dimensional incompressible, immiscible two-phase flow, and plane strain hydraulic fracture propagation, known as the KGD fracture. Our numerical experiments indicate that fractures propagate at lower breakdown pressures under supercritical CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> injection, and their paths are more influenced more by pre-existing weak interfaces due to low viscosity of CO<span><math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107596"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144924948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A probabilistic model for predicting suffusion-induced fines loss","authors":"Yanzhen Zhu ,&nbsp;Shanlin Xu ,&nbsp;Tao Yu ,&nbsp;Honglei Sun ,&nbsp;Bo Jin ,&nbsp;Dabo Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate prediction of suffusion is essential for evaluating internal erosion risks and ensuring the stability of hydraulic structures. However, most existing suffusion laws are developed through curve fitting of experimental results and rely heavily on empirical parameters. Moreover, they generally fail to account for the effects of particle gradation changes and suffusion boundary effects. To address these limitations, this study proposes a new probabilistic model for suffusion development. The model constructs a fine particle transport mechanism using a network model to quantify the suffusion probability. Based on this probability, the cumulative mass of eroded fines and their spatiotemporal distribution are calculated using a flux-based approach. The proposed model was validated against four experiments conducted under both constant and multi-stage hydraulic gradients. The results show good agreement with experimental results, confirming the capability of the model to effectively predict the progression of suffusion. In addition, a parametric analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of initial fines content and distribution, relative density, permeability coefficient, and sample length on suffusion behavior. This work advances the understanding of suffusion mechanisms and provides new insights for geotechnical risk assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107620"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A THM-coupled MPM framework for modelling rock-ice avalanches","authors":"Xiaoqin Lei ,&nbsp;Siming He ,&nbsp;Changbing Qin ,&nbsp;Jidong Zhao ,&nbsp;Gordon G.D. Zhou ,&nbsp;Liu Ming","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rock-ice avalanches exhibit hypermobility due to thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) processes involving ice-water phase transitions, frictional heating, and thermal pressurization. They are typically characterized by high velocities and extended runout distance, posing significant hazards to human life and infrastructure in cold mountainous regions. This study presents a novel three-phase material point method (MPM) framework unifying THM coupling among skeleton deformation, pore water seepage, heat transfer, and ice-water phase change within the sliding rock-ice mixture. It also features a multi-material frictional contact model to describe the interactions of multiphase porous mixture with the basal terrain, accounting for frictional heating and thermal pressurization at the interface. The framework further introduces a shear band scaling technique to resolve sub-grid thermal-hydraulic processes. It is validated against (i) the classical freezing process in a semi-infinite porous medium, (ii) frictional heating in elastic/elastoplastic sliding blocks, and (iii) the 2016 Lamplugh rock-ice avalanche. The predictions demonstrate that thermal pressurization substantially reduces basal friction, reasonably explaining the extreme runout (10.5 km) at Lamplugh. The framework offers a unified prediction tool for simulating THM-driven hypermobility in complex terrains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107603"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}