Computers and Geotechnics最新文献

{"title":"2D microscale finite element modelling of seismic P-wave propagation in marine saturated sands to predict geotechnical parameters","authors":"J.A. Charles ,&nbsp;S. Gourvenec ,&nbsp;T.J. Henstock ,&nbsp;M.E Vardy","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper demonstrates that microscale 2D finite element modelling can accurately predict propagation of seismic P-waves through a medium of linear-elastic grains saturated with a viscous fluid. The model outputs correspond well with Biot’s equations for elastic wave propagation at frequencies relevant to offshore geophysical surveying in saturated porous media and allow for exploration of the effects of properties of individual grains (e.g. mass, shear moduli, bulk moduli) and the properties of the granular sediment matrix geometry (e.g. porosity, grain size distribution) to be studied in relation to the seismic properties of the saturated media. In addition to validation of the model through several example granular sediment matrix geometries, initial sensitivity analyses for key grain parameters are provided. The micro finite element analysis also enables comparison of the relationships between seismic properties and geotechnical properties required for engineering design of infrastructure, which are known properties found via static tests with the same micro-scale finite element mesh.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107562"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability analysis of four-phase soil-rock mixture slopes by the nodal-based continuous-discontinuous deformation analysis method combining a generalized random media reconstruction technique","authors":"Hangtian Song ,&nbsp;Yongtao Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Fu ,&nbsp;Yang Xia ,&nbsp;Junfeng Li ,&nbsp;Hong Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil-rock mixtures (SRMs) can be regarded as a four-phase medium consisting of the soil matrix, rock blocks, soil-rock interfaces, and rock-rock interfaces. Most previous studies on the stability analysis of SRM slopes did not consider these interfaces. This paper combines the generalized random media reconstruction technique with the nodal-based continuous-discontinuous deformation analysis method (NCDDAM), effectively accomplishing the modeling and stability analysis of four-phase SRM slopes. Based on the random field theory, the generalized random media reconstruction technique divides the discretized slope model into the soil matrix region and rock block regions, with rock block regions further subdivided into sub-rock block regions. Artificial joint elements in NCDDAM are deployed at the interfaces between these regions, simulating the nonlinear contact behavior of both soil-rock and rock-rock interfaces. By adjusting random field parameters, this technique can effectively change the content, size, main axis direction of rock blocks, and the inclination angle of rock-rock interfaces, achieving SRM slopes with different four-phase distributions without constructing a series of random structural models. Utilizing the enriched NCDDAM, this study explores the influence of interface-related factors on the stability of SRM slopes, offering some valuable insights for their stability assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107583"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bayesian sensitivity analysis of the millimetre-wave ablation process of geological materials","authors":"Katerina Adamopoulou ,&nbsp;Franck Monmont ,&nbsp;Stephen Millmore ,&nbsp;Nikos Nikiforakis","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermophysical granular properties exhibit large uncertainties which have a significant effect on the performance of millimetre wave beam energy ablation. To analyse these effects, we present a sensitivity analysis algorithm. This algorithm combines a high-fidelity thermal PDE solver, Gaussian process modelling, and variance-based sensitivity analysis to reduce the computational cost of evaluating global sensitivity indices. First, a response metamodel of a non-linear physics simulator is constructed using noisy observations and small sample sizes. It is trained using a Gaussian Process with spectral mixture kernels, which are a wide kernel family capable of capturing complex patterns. Bayesian quadrature for the calculation of conditional expectations and uncertainty sampling is used to compute the sensitivity indices of the response model, using analytical integral formulae we derive. This combination produces significantly more accurate sensitivity indices compared to standard Monte-Carlo integration. Finally, the algorithm is applied on a range of cases to quantify the effects of rock thermophysical properties and heterogeneities on the performance of the millimetre wave drilling process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107526"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporating the AUS criterion into the limit equilibrium method to study the undrained seismic bearing capacity of strip footings on anisotropic slopes","authors":"Amin Keshavarz ,&nbsp;Shabnam Shirazizadeh ,&nbsp;Majid Beygi ,&nbsp;Jie Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employed the limit equilibrium method (LEM) to assess the undrained seismic bearing capacity of strip footings adjacent to anisotropic slopes. A pseudo-static approach was employed, incorporating horizontal and vertical acceleration coefficients to simulate seismic forces. The anisotropic undrained shear strength (AUS) criterion was adopted for capturing anisotropy in shear strength; however, its application within the LEM introduced some complexity. This complexity arose from the need to solve a system of nonlinear equations. As a result, the Newton method was used to solve the equations efficiently, ensuring accurate results while maintaining computational stability. The results showed a strong correlation between the failure mechanisms predicted by the Finite Element Limit Analysis (FELA) method and the predefined failure mechanisms in the present study. Additionally, the findings emphasise the significant impact of anisotropy ratio on undrained seismic bearing capacity, with reductions of up to 33% observed in some cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107577"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactivation of heterogeneous shear veins during reservoir stimulation: Fracture interaction, stress perturbation, and induced seismicity","authors":"Fanlin Ling ,&nbsp;Lie Kong ,&nbsp;Shangtong Yang ,&nbsp;Junlong Shang","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107576","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107576","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fault zones can be highly lithified, often manifesting as veins or cemented faults. Understanding vein structures and their dynamic response to reservoir stimulation is essential for managing anthropogenic earthquakes; however, this remains poorly constrained. We implement a novel algorithm for full moment tensor inversion and decomposition within the Discrete Element Method (DEM) framework and enhance the pipe network flow model by dynamically updating the domain volume and fluid saturation at each time step. We inject fluids into a simplified fault zone model containing heterogeneous veins to capture their dynamic response to reservoir stimulation. We find that shear stress on the veins decreases upon fracture initiation around the borehole. Normal stress decreases until the hydraulic fractures reach the veins, after which it begins to increase. We also observe relatively high double-couple (DC) components during interactions between hydraulic fractures and shear veins, whereas non-DC components are more prominent during fracture propagation within the rock matrix. Effective friction decreases as fractures interact with the veins. We argue that pore pressure diffusion and poroelastic stress transfer play critical and synergistic roles in reservoir stimulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107576"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peridynamic theory coupled with PHREEQC for reactive transport modeling in heterogeneous and discontinuous porous media","authors":"Peifu Cai ,&nbsp;Huaxiang Yan ,&nbsp;Majid Sedighi ,&nbsp;Andrey Jivkov ,&nbsp;Qingrong Xiong ,&nbsp;Hao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107579","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107579","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modeling reactive transport in discontinuous and heterogeneous porous media is key to the understanding of geochemical systems. Integral formulations of conservation equations can be an alternative approach to solving transport problems in such complex media compared to the classical local (differential) formulations. A prominent example is Peridynamics. However, it has been developed only for advection–dispersion transport with a simple bimolecular reaction, which is of limited utility in complex geochemical problems in real environments. This study integrates bond-based Peridynamics with advanced geochemical modeling (PHREEQC), enabling accurate simulation of reactive transport in heterogeneous porous systems, overcoming limitations in grid-based discretization methods. The sequential non-iterative approach is introduced to address the coupling between the transport of chemical species (solved by Peridynamics) and geochemical reactions (solved by PHREEQC). The proposed model is verified with a set of benchmarks. A series of cases is studied to show the model’s capabilities in the prediction of reactive transport in porous media with fractures and heterogeneities (e.g., permeable and impermeable inclusions). The current model can be used to quantify the impact of the permeable/non-permeable inclusions on non-uniform solution migration and sharp fronts of mineral precipitation/dissolution without any refinements and modifications at the interface. The PD reactive transport also captures the influences of fractures in accelerating the solute transport and enhancing the mineral reaction rate. The current multi-physics nonlocal reactive transport formulations can be easily extended to study more complex problems, such as reactive flow–mechanical process coupled behavior and accurate description of the mineral dissolution/precipitation interface at the micro-scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107579"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale modelling reveals new insights into the deformation mechanism of rockfill dams","authors":"Di Wang ,&nbsp;Ni An ,&nbsp;Jinfang Hu ,&nbsp;Yiao Li ,&nbsp;Wei Zhou ,&nbsp;Gang Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dams are among the most critical structures in hydraulic engineering, where stability and deformation analysis are essential for ensuring structural safety. For rockfill dams, especially those exceeding 200 m, accurately predicting deformation and settlement remains a significant challenge. This limitation arises from the shortage of conventional constitutive models to fully capture the complex mechanical behavior of rockfill materials, including nonlinear stress–strain response, scale effect and particle breakage, etc. In this study, a hierarchical multiscale approach is introduced to address these challenges. The proposed method significantly improves upon the limitations of earlier multiscale simulations by utilizing high-performance parallel computing. A three-dimensional numerical model of a 233-meter-high prototype dam is developed, which can simulate at the scale of hundreds of millions of particles and provide valuable insights into the deformation mechanism of dams at the particle scale. The micromechanical parameters of RVEs are calibrated using results from laboratory triaxial tests. The simulated deformations from the multiscale model are closely consistent with the monitoring data, validating the accuracy of the proposed method. Through comparative analysis with FEM simulations using the Duncan-Chang constitutive model, new insights were gained, revealing the critical need to account for true triaxial stress states at the dam crest and the upstream and downstream slopes. Additionally, the multiscale simulation quantified the spatial extent and magnitude of deformation caused by particle breakage, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the role of particle-scale mechanical evolution in the macro-scale behavior of rockfill dams. These findings underscore the importance of considering both macro and micro-mechanical behaviors for accurate safety assessments and deformation predictions in rockfill dams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107573"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of soil arching evolution in unreinforced piled embankments with three-dimensional discrete element method-simulated trapdoor tests","authors":"Mohamed Elabd ,&nbsp;Rui Rui ,&nbsp;Kun Yi ,&nbsp;Shi-kai He ,&nbsp;Cheng Chen ,&nbsp;Yu-qiu Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The soil arching effect is one of the most important load transfer mechanisms for piled embankments. This study performed three-dimensional discrete element method-based trapdoor tests to investigate the evolution of soil arching in unreinforced piled embankments with different fill heights and pile coverage ratios. This study measured vertical and horizontal earth pressures at different locations and calculated the lateral earth pressure coefficients. Based on the variations of vertical pressures and lateral earth pressure coefficients, this study determined the soil arch heights and proposed an empirical formula to calculate soil arch heights. The distributions of contact force chains and principal stress vectors were evaluated to reveal the microscopic behavior of soil arching. Results showed that piled embankments with a higher relative fill height had a higher soil arching effect and higher resistance to the soil arching degradation, while piled embankments with a lower pile coverage ratio had lower resistance to the soil arching degradation. The soil arching model in DEM-simulated tests with high pile coverage ratios was composed of a spherical dome arch, four plane arches, and four pyramid rigid cores above the piles. The DEM-simulated tests with low pile coverage ratios had same soil arching model as those with high pile coverage ratios except that the dome arch and the plane arch have supports in the middle due to the reduced pile zone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107561"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probabilistic stability analysis of bolt-reinforced rock slopes considering corrosion based on sparse polynomial chaos expansions","authors":"Guodong Chen,&nbsp;Zhengwei Li,&nbsp;Wenping Gong,&nbsp;Tianzheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a probabilistic analysis of bolt-reinforced rock slopes subjected to corrosion. The analysis integrates sparse polynomial chaos expansions (SPCEs) with Monte Carlo simulations (MCS). A deterministic model for slope stability is developed using the kinematic approach of limit analysis, incorporating the generalized Hoek-Brown failure criterion and a corrosion model to capture the time-dependent degradation of anchor axial force. Parameters related to the rock mass and bolt system are modeled as random variables. The SPCE surrogate model is built from a small set of input–output samples, enabling efficient MCS-based probabilistic evaluation. Results show that increasing input uncertainty broadens and lowers the probability density function of the safety factor, though the mean value remains nearly unchanged. Failure probabilities increase significantly with uncertainty, especially at initially low failure levels. Correlated input variables lead to more concentrated distributions and reduced failure probabilities, while assuming independence yields more conservative estimates. The lognormal distribution produces sharper and narrower curves than the normal distribution, particularly in low-probability regions. Among various failure modes, corrosion-induced bond degradation between the bolt and grout has a greater impact on system reliability than tensile failure of bolts. Sensitivity analysis reveals that the uniaxial compressive strength of the rock mass (<span><math><msub><mi>σ</mi><mrow><mi>ci</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>), geological strength index (<span><math><mrow><mi>GSI</mi></mrow></math></span>), and parameters of rock hardness (<span><math><msub><mi>m</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span>) are the most influential parameters, especially after 100 years of service. These findings underscore the need for a probabilistic framework to accurately assess the long-term stability of bolt-reinforced slopes that are susceptible to corrosion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107568"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional coupled hydro-mechanical modeling of gas injection","authors":"Yangyang Mo ,&nbsp;Alfonso Rodriguez-Dono ,&nbsp;Sebastia Olivella","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107575","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2025.107575","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates gas injection processes using a three-dimensional (3D) hydro-mechanical (HM) coupled model to enhance understanding of gas transport in low-permeability geological formations. Conducted as part of the <span><span>DECOVALEX 2023</span></span> project, the research focuses on in-situ gas injection tests in Callovo-Oxfordian (COx) claystone, a crucial material for nuclear waste storage within the French concept for high-level radioactive waste disposal. Numerical simulations have traditionally relied on two-dimensional (2D) models for their computational efficiency, but these are inadequate for capturing the full complexity of gas migration. Indeed, conclusions drawn from 2D models can vary significantly depending on the chosen cross-section, underscoring their limitations. This study advances the field by conducting a more thorough investigation of gas injection in 3D models under HM coupled conditions with three different simulation strategies: (1) incorporating an ad-hoc excavation damage zone (EDZ) around the borehole within an elastic framework, (2) introducing perfectly plastic behavior for the claystone material, and (3) integrating softening effects to represent progressive material weakening. Sensitivity analyses have been conducted on key parameters, including EDZ permeability, test interval volume, and embedded fracture spacing, to evaluate their influence on gas migration. Additionally, prolonged gas injection simulations have been performed to further investigate the underlying mechanisms governing gas “breakthrough” threshold pressure. The findings underscore the critical role of 3D modeling in predicting gas transport, with significant implications for the design and long-term safety of nuclear waste repositories, ensuring the effective containment and isolation of both engineered and natural barriers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 107575"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144863936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}