Computers and Geotechnics最新文献

{"title":"A novel fluid–solid interaction framework by coupling three dimensional explicit discontinuous deformation analysis and material point method","authors":"Jingyu Kang ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Fu ,&nbsp;Hao Sheng ,&nbsp;Jian Chen ,&nbsp;Yongqiang Zhou ,&nbsp;Tian Xi","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluid-solid interactions (FSI) are ubiquitous in natural processes and engineering fields. Although numerous attempts have been made to describe the FSI, it still remains a significant challenge to accurately capture the complex dynamic interaction between fluids and arbitrarily shaped solids. In this study, a novel FSI framework is proposed by coupling three dimensional (3D) explicit discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) and material point method (MPM). DDA demonstrates superior capability in handing solids with arbitrary shape, while MPM exhibits distinct advantages in capturing free surface flow. The contact detection algorithm between DDA blocks and MPM particles are presented in detail. Normal interaction force is calculated by penalty function method, while tangential interaction force is determined by momentum exchanges. Several benchmarks, including water entry test of a single sphere, underwater landslide, and Scott Russell’s wave generation are adopted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid method. Finally, the impact force of dam break flow on downstream structures is investigated, and the fitting formulas relating impact force to structural height and distance to dam are obtained. The entire process of wedge landslide induced surge is also simulated, and the landslide movement characteristics, surge propagation, and energy evolution mechanisms are discussed comprehensively. These classic disaster simulations demonstrate the immense potential and feasibility of the 3D DDA-MPM method for addressing complex FSI problems in geotechnical engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107998"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CFD-DEM simulation of sand liquefaction with non-spherical particles and inherent anisotropic effects","authors":"Hongmei Gao ,&nbsp;Wenhao Xu ,&nbsp;Yinqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Zhifu Shen ,&nbsp;Xinlei Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhihua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evaluation of sand liquefaction has long faced two major technical bottlenecks. Firstly, conventional centrifuge tests and finite element numerical simulations struggle to precisely control granular deposition anisotropy (e.g., deposition angle) and accurately characterize the interactions between fluid and non-spherical particles. Secondly, due to insufficient control of dynamic similarity, the Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM) coupled methods encounter significant computational efficiency challenges in the large-scale site simulations. To address these issues, this study innovatively proposes an improved CFD-DEM coupling framework, achieving methodological integration and parameter optimization in two key aspects: (1) incorporation of a non-spherical particle model to accurately characterize the directional effects of particle shape on fluid resistance; and (2) through refined adjustment of key parameter matching relationships including fluid viscosity, coupling forces, and particle Reynolds number, enabling equivalent simulation of high-gravity models while strictly maintaining physical consistency, thereby significantly improving computational efficiency. Within this framework, periodic boundary conditions were effectively employed to eliminate rigid boundary interference and achieve high-precision control of initial fabric anisotropy. Using this methodological system, the study successfully reproduced the liquefaction response differences in the sand layers with three deposition angles (0°, 45°, and 90°). It reveals that deposition angle exerts significant control on the soil liquefaction resistance: horizontally deposited (0°) sand layers demonstrate the optimal anti-liquefaction capacity due to their stable force chain network structure, while vertically deposited (90°) sand layers exhibit the highest liquefaction susceptibility owing to rapid particle suspension (suspension coefficient <em>β_t</em>→1.0) and pronounced pore compression effects. The findings offer some micro-mechanistic insights for seismic liquefaction risk assessment in the sites with natural deposition anisotropy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107929"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the integration of an ACST-based bounding surface model","authors":"Srinivas Vivek Bokkisa ,&nbsp;Jorge Macedo ,&nbsp;Pedro Arduino","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anisotropic critical state theory (ACST) provides a framework for incorporating fabric effects in constitutive models. However, most previous efforts have focused on constitutive aspects with comparatively limited attention to numerical implementations. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of explicit and implicit implementations of the ACST-based bounding surface model, SANISAND-F. Assessments are conducted in terms of stability, accuracy, computational efficiency, and both local and global performance.</div><div>In the implicit implementation, the critical importance of accurate gradient calculations is highlighted, introducing a verification procedure that enables quadratic convergence. The explicit and implicit implementations exhibit stability, producing smooth and bounded responses across a wide range of strain increments and numerical tolerances. However, their accuracy differs significantly. The implicit implementation is sensitive to the initial loading state, strain increment, and loading direction, showing minor dependence on the solver tolerance. In contrast, the explicit implementation is influenced by both strain increment and substepping tolerance, and at practical tolerance and strain increment levels, it often outperforms the implicit scheme in accuracy. Regarding efficiency, the explicit implementation proves more efficient at the local integration level. However, at the global level, the implicit implementation with the consistent tangent exhibits a faster rate of convergence in global equilibrium iterations. Nonetheless, the overall computational cost at the global level is not definitive when comparing explicit and implicit schemes; it varies with simulations and loading-specific parameters, as demonstrated through the included boundary-value problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107911"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Element differential solvers for nonlinear Biot’s poroelasticity equations in porous media","authors":"Yong-Tong Zheng ,&nbsp;Bing-Bing Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, an improved element differential method is proposed and applied to the numerical analysis of nonlinear two- and three-dimensional poroelastic problems for the first time. As a strong-form method, the element differential method is flexible compared with the conventional finite element method. Different from the meshless collocation method, the Lagrange element is selected for the discrete geometric model. The explicit expressions of the first and second derivatives of shape functions with respect to global coordinates are derived. Besides, the Chebyshev polynomials which can eliminate the Runge phenomenon are introduced to further improve the accuracy of the method. By using the improved element differential method, the porous media modeled by the <span><math><mrow><mi>u</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>p</mi></mrow></math></span> formulation is considered. It is easy to find that the coupled governing equation is discretized directly without any numerical integration by the element differential method. Some benchmark examples and 3-D consolidation problems are given to demonstrate the accuracy and abilities of the proposed techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107999"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147385397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled seepage–deformation analysis of the dynamics of embankment with elastoplasticity based on the full formulation","authors":"Jiawei Xu ,&nbsp;Ryosuke Uzuoka ,&nbsp;Kyohei Ueda ,&nbsp;Yoshikazu Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107950","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107950","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamics of embankment considering elastoplasticity is investigated using the coupled seepage–deformation finite element analysis with the full Biot formation in the <strong><em>u</em></strong>–<strong><em>v</em></strong>–<em>p</em> format, where the solid displacement, relative fluid velocity respect to solid, and pore fluid pressure are taken as the primary variables. The seismic response of embankment is first evaluated using the centrifuge experiment, based on which the typical seepage and deformation characteristics of embankment are investigated. The validation against the centrifuge experimental result demonstrates the capability of the coupled finite element analysis using the full formulation and elastoplasticity to predict embankment responses during seismic loading such as the horizontal acceleration, surface settlement, and pore water pressure, thus proving a robust tool to investigate the porous media dynamics. Regarding the dynamics of embankment during seismic loading with various combinations of soil permeability and loading frequency, the predicated embankment responses such as solid acceleration, pore fluid pressure, and soil deformation based on the full analysis tend to show more significant difference in comparison with those predicted by the simplified analysis that neglects the relative fluid acceleration respect to solid acceleration when the soil permeability or loading frequency increases to a high level. Based on the numerical simulation with elastoplasticity, the difference in various dynamic responses of the embankment especially the soil deformation using the full and simplified analysis approaches can mainly be divided into two distinct zones in the <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>f</mi></mrow></math></span>–<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> space (<span><math><mi>k</mi></math></span> and <span><math><mi>f</mi></math></span> are the permeability and frequency ratios), where the significant difference is found in scenarios with <span><math><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>f</mi></mrow></math></span> or <span><math><mi>f</mi></math></span> generally larger than 100 m or 100 Hz.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107950"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Y-shaped artificial boundary and earthquake input scheme for step-shaped layered site and soil-structure interaction analyses","authors":"Guoliang Zhang ,&nbsp;Mi Zhao ,&nbsp;Bowen Hu ,&nbsp;Xiuli Du ,&nbsp;Yifei Ren ,&nbsp;Zhen Wang ,&nbsp;Huifang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional methods for seismic soil-structure interaction (SSI) are generally limited to horizontally layered half-space sites. Extending them to non-horizontally layered step-shaped sites is challenging due to the lack of effective approaches for evaluating site seismic responses, which are critical for earthquake input in SSI analysis. This study proposes a high-precision Y-shaped artificial boundary and earthquake input scheme for step-shaped layered sites and SSI analyses. First, a Y-shaped artificial boundary is introduced to enclose the numerical model of the two-dimensional (2D) step-shaped layered site and to truncate the remaining domains, which correspond to portions of two different horizontally layered half-spaces. To simulate the radiation damping of the two truncated domains, two artificial boundary conditions are imposed on the Y-shaped boundary, for which two zigzag-paraxial combined boundaries are adopted. The one-dimensional site responses of the two truncated domains are calculated and transformed into two sets of equivalent nodal forces applied to the Y-shaped artificial boundary to implement earthquake input. Furthermore, we also develop a direct method to evaluate the 3D structures, based on the obtained step-shaped layered site responses and a new artificial boundary condition called as the SBPML. Benchmark examples confirm the accuracy, effectiveness, and robustness of the proposed scheme, while comparisons show that conventional hybrid wave input methods may introduce errors up to 20%. The proposed framework enables reliable SSI evaluation in complex step-shaped site conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107964"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146174289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation and applicability analysis of a novel soft-shell contact model for coated granular materials: discrete element modelling and experimental study","authors":"Sen Tian,&nbsp;Longlong Fu,&nbsp;Haonan Xi,&nbsp;Yongjia Qiu,&nbsp;Jiawei Zhang,&nbsp;Shunhua Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural granular materials are commonly multiphase, with a typical state being the combination of relatively rigid internal particles and an externally degraded or soft shell. Engineered granular mixtures are frequently in the state with soft shell, such as polymer-reinforced ballast, asphalt mixture, and methane hydrate sediments, etc. For a long time, soft-shell particles are treated as equivalent homogenized particles in both analytical and DEM simulation. Given this, a novel contact model was recently developed to refine the contact relationship of soft-coated spherical particles. In this work, the Soft-Shell (SS) contact model is embedded in EDEM via the API module to obtain the triaxial shear behavior of soft-coated spherical particles. Then experimental triaxial tests with silicone-coated steel balls are conducted to validate the SS contact model. It is shown that DEM modelling with the SS contact model closely matches the experimental results in both macroscopic strength and deformation before peak stress, whereas the contact model with modulus homogenization consistently yielded excessive volumetric contraction, deviating from the experimental observations. Since the shell-to-core thickness ratio and modulus ratio are two key parameters of soft-coated particles, the applicability parameter ranges were suggested when using the SS contact model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107962"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146174384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excavation-induced open-pit slope failures behaviors from microscopic insights using DEM analysis","authors":"Fan Chen ,&nbsp;Junfeng Sun ,&nbsp;Chaoyue Yang ,&nbsp;Hao Xiong ,&nbsp;Thirapong Pipatpongsa ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Khosravi ,&nbsp;Kun Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excavation-induced slope failures present critical challenges in open-pit mining engineering yielding various failure morphologies, yet the underlying the mechanisms remain insufficiently understood. This work attempts to investigate slope arching failures induced by progressive excavation by employing a multi-scale approach integrating Discrete Element Method simulations and analytical solutions. The combined findings reveal a dominant role of initial material packing density in governing slope failure morphology: densely-packed slopes develop well-defined stress arching with localized deformation and delayed collapse, whereas relatively-loose slopes exhibit early, global failure with minimal stress reorientation. Furthermore, the microscopic density-dependent stress redistribution and rotation of principal stress trajectories have been quantitatively evaluated in both physical model tests and numerical models. In addition, a novel classification criterion based on incremental displacement ratios is proposed for distinguishing different failure phases, offering a more reliable indicator of failure onset compared to traditional accumulated displacement metrics. The findings provide micro-mechanical insights and interpretation into macroscale slope behavior, thus enhance the current understanding of realistic failures in excavation-affected open-pit slopes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107959"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146174359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging factor of safety prediction and strength reduction workflows using an interpretable Transformer-enhanced ensemble model","authors":"Qining Deng ,&nbsp;Yulong Cui ,&nbsp;Wanyu Hu ,&nbsp;Jun Zheng ,&nbsp;Chong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate estimation of the factor of safety (FoS) is a fundamental task in slope stability analysis. The strength reduction method (SRM) is widely used for slope stability analysis due to its robustness and physical consistency, while machine learning (ML) techniques have been increasingly adopted to improve computational efficiency. Effectively integrating data-driven FoS prediction into established SRM workflows while maintaining physical interpretability remains an important practical objective. This study proposes an SRM-Transformer stacked ensemble model (TSEM) framework that integrates ML-based FoS prediction with physics-based strength reduction analysis. A large-scale, physics-informed FoS database containing 100,000 slope cases is constructed using Latin hypercube sampling and a validated SRM numerical program. Within this framework, a TSEM predicts FoS from key geometric and geomechanical parameters, and the predicted values are incorporated into the SRM workflow to guide the selection of near-critical strength reduction levels and reduce redundant iterations. Comparative experiments indicate that the proposed TSEM outperforms seven commonly used single and ensemble learning models, achieving an R² of 0.9857 and a mean absolute error of 0.1508 on the test dataset. SHapley Additive exPlanation analysis shows that the learned relationships are consistent with geomechanical principles, identifying slope height, cohesion, internal friction angle, and unit weight as dominant controlling factors. Framework-level evaluations demonstrate that SRM-TSEM reduces total computational time by more than 47 percent and decreases the number of strength reduction steps by nearly 58 percent relative to conventional SRM analysis, while maintaining consistent displacement and failure field patterns with average normalized displacement deviations below 6 percent. The proposed framework enhances the computational efficiency of SRM without altering its physical basis and provides a scalable and physically interpretable solution for slope stability assessment in large-scale and time-sensitive engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107968"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146174466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An improved depth-averaged landslide dam breach model with modified sediment transport and bank collapse algorithms","authors":"Jiheng Li ,&nbsp;Wei Shen ,&nbsp;Da Huang ,&nbsp;Xilin Xia ,&nbsp;Jian Guo ,&nbsp;Denghai Liu ,&nbsp;Jianchao Chen ,&nbsp;Tonglu Li ,&nbsp;Jianbing Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.107963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most landslide dams fail through overtopping, with the failure process controlled by the combined effects of longitudinal erosion and lateral bank collapse. However, existing depth‐averaged models still face difficulties in simulating the evolution of longitudinal erosion and lateral collapse, mainly due to the lack of precise physical representations. To address this issue, this study proposes an improved depth‐averaged landslide dam breach model that integrates enhanced sediment transport and bank collapse algorithms. A dynamic critical Shields parameter is introduced into the Meyer-Peter-Müller sediment transport formula to account for the combined influence of dam slope and material friction strength on sediment initiation. In addition, based on the traditional lateral collapse model, a new algorithm that uses the true three‐dimensional slope angle of the terrain is proposed to improve the accuracy of collapse simulation. The governing equations of the improved model are solved using a Godunov‐type finite volume scheme, enabling the simulation of both longitudinal erosion and lateral collapse during dam breaching. Validation against a one‐dimensional overtopping erosion test, a side‐bank collapse verification case with a dry-wet partition, and a sand‐dike breach experiment shows that the improved model achieves high agreement with measurements in hydrodynamics, sediment transport, and lateral collapse prediction. The model is further applied to the back‐analysis of the Tangjiashan landslide dam breach process, accurately reproducing the complete evolution of the breach from longitudinal incision to deepening and widening, and finally to stable drawdown. The relative errors of peak discharge, breach morphology, and water level variations are all within 10%, with time scale deviations of less than 1 h. The improved model provides a more reliable numerical tool for landslide dam breach risk assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55217,"journal":{"name":"Computers and Geotechnics","volume":"193 ","pages":"Article 107963"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146174465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}