Current Topics in Developmental Biology最新文献

The "Community Effect" of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and their descendants on the induction of the SSC niche: Perspectives and hypotheses. 精原干细胞及其后代对诱导精原干细胞生态位的“群落效应”：观点和假设。

2区生物学

Current Topics in Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-12 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.04.001

Makoto Nagano

{"title":"The \"Community Effect\" of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and their descendants on the induction of the SSC niche: Perspectives and hypotheses.","authors":"Makoto Nagano","doi":"10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"Since the first description of \"stem cells\" in spermatogenesis in 1885, our understanding of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) has evolved over time. Normal function of SSCs is critical for the survival of a species, and thus, a balanced control of SSC fate (self-renewal or commitment) is required to transmit genetic information adequately to future generations. A microenvironment that surrounds SSCs, the SSC niche, is widely considered to generate a dominant force for this balancing mechanism and \"dictate\" SSC fate. The components of the SSC niche are thought to be somatic cells, particularly Sertoli cells, and acellular substrates, such as the extracellular matrix. The aim of this chapter is to provide different perspectives into our current understanding of the SSC-niche relationship. Notably, as SSCs cannot be visualized unequivocally, our understanding of the SSC-niche communication has been underdeveloped. As a result, discussions presented here involve assumptions and speculations. Under this premise, I will discuss three hypotheses. First, SSCs and germ cells are the driving force of spermatogenesis and the fundamental constituents of the SSC niche. Second, the somatic niche provides a permissive environment that supports, rather than dictates, the functions of SSCs and their descendant germ cells. Third, SSCs and their niches communicate reciprocally to fine-tune the fate of SSCs while orchestrating spermatogenesis. The overarching concept is that SSCs induce their niches by forming a community of their descendant germ cells while somatic cells passively respond to the community. I will further attempt to apply this germ cell-dominant concept of SSC niche to human spermatogenesis, since the uniqueness of human spermatogenesis casts significant questions on the soma-dominant concept of SSC niche that has been generated using the mouse model.","PeriodicalId":55191,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Developmental Biology","volume":"169 ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148159247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of retinoic acid in meiosis. 维甲酸在减数分裂中的作用。

2区生物学

Current Topics in Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-02 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.04.003

Emma A Gilbert, Christopher B Geyer

引用次数: 0

Activation of primordial follicles. 原始卵泡的激活。

2区生物学

Current Topics in Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.04.002

In-Won Lee, Deepak Adhikari

{"title":"Activation of primordial follicles.","authors":"In-Won Lee, Deepak Adhikari","doi":"10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"Primordial follicle activation represents the pivotal and rate-limiting transition that governs the size and longevity of the ovarian reserve, thereby shaping female reproductive lifespan. Although the vast majority of primordial follicles remain quiescent, a small fraction is periodically activated through tightly regulated signaling events. Emerging evidence reveals that dormancy is not a passive state, but an actively maintained program orchestrated by intrinsic oocyte pathways, surrounding pre-granulosa cells, and the ovarian microenvironment. Key intracellular regulator PI3K-Akt-FOXO3 signaling establishes the oocyte's threshold for activation, and pre-granulosa cell cues, including KITL-KIT interactions, mechanical constraints, and extracellular matrix dynamics, modulate this core signaling. Additionally, paracrine signals from stromal cells, local hypoxia, and biomechanical forces contribute to the spatial patterning of activation within the ovary. Integration of these inputs ensures both the lifelong preservation of a dormant pool and the continuous supply of follicles entering the growth phase. Recent advances in single-cell technologies, imaging, and lineage tracing systems have begun to redefine the temporal and spatial complexity of primordial follicle activation. Dysregulation of this system underlies a spectrum of reproductive disorders, from premature ovarian insufficiency to diminished ovarian reserve and aberrant follicle recruitment. Understanding the molecular logic of activation not only illuminates the biology of ovarian aging but also informs emerging therapeutic strategies, including targeted modulation of signaling pathways, ovarian tissue engineering, and fertility preservation interventions. This chapter describes current knowledge of the mechanisms governing primordial follicle activation and highlights key gaps that will shape future research in ovarian biology.","PeriodicalId":55191,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Developmental Biology","volume":"169 ","pages":"137-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148159187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the emergence of folding in the cerebellum. 关于小脑折叠的出现。

2区生物学

Current Topics in Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.02.001

Andrew K Lawton

{"title":"On the emergence of folding in the cerebellum.","authors":"Andrew K Lawton","doi":"10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"The gross structure of the human cerebellum is divided into an intricate pattern of lobules by fissures that extend across the surface. The folded shape, and its emergence during development, presents an exciting problem of tissue morphogenesis. While other structures in the human brain are folded, the cerebellum is a tractable model for studying neural tissue folding. The cerebellum folds in small, inexpensive model systems including the mouse where there is a wealth of descriptive and mutational data. Computational models have also been developed to predict how cerebellar folding may be regulated, generating testable hypotheses. The relatively simple folding pattern of the murine cerebellum, and the well-established genetic tools provide an exciting opportunity to challenge hypotheses and to dissect the underlying regulation that controls the amount and pattern of folding. In this chapter a descriptive analysis of the folding of the murine cerebellum is given. A modeling framework for understanding the mechanics of folding, explicit to the cerebellum, is discussed in terms of the developmental data. Then several categories of folding phenotypes, from various perturbations, are discussed in terms of the modeling and the cell and tissue-level mechanics predicted to be involved. Finally, the chapter concludes with brief comments about the future directions of the field.","PeriodicalId":55191,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Developmental Biology","volume":"167 ","pages":"107-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stem cell-derived in vitro models of human cerebellar development. 干细胞衍生的人类小脑发育体外模型。

2区生物学

Current Topics in Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.01.007

Tamiris Borges da Silva, Yueming Ren, Esther B E Becker

{"title":"Stem cell-derived in vitro models of human cerebellar development.","authors":"Tamiris Borges da Silva, Yueming Ren, Esther B E Becker","doi":"10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding human cerebellar development and pathology remains challenging due to its complexity, unique protracted developmental timeline, and notable species-specific differences. Advances in human stem cell technologies have opened new windows of opportunity for exploring these processes through improved in vitro models, providing insights into human-specific mechanisms that traditional animal models may fail to recapitulate. Here, we review recent advancements in modelling physiological and pathological processes of human cerebellar development. We first outline key features of cerebellar development with an emphasis on human-specific aspects. We then systematically summarize and evaluate various strategies for generating human stem cell-derived cerebellar models in vitro, starting with foundational studies using mouse embryonic stem cells, followed by methods using human pluripotent stem cells to generate cerebellar cells in two-dimensional cultures and three-dimensional cerebellar organoids. Subsequently, we review the application of these models to study cerebellar diseases, highlighting translational opportunities and critical challenges that remain.","PeriodicalId":55191,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Developmental Biology","volume":"167 ","pages":"301-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The structure of mammalian sperm axoneme provides insights into motility and disease mechanisms. 哺乳动物精子轴突的结构提供了对运动和疾病机制的见解。

2区生物学

Current Topics in Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.01.002

Kuanying Li, Guoliang Yin, Rong Wang, Yun Zhu, Fei Sun

{"title":"The structure of mammalian sperm axoneme provides insights into motility and disease mechanisms.","authors":"Kuanying Li, Guoliang Yin, Rong Wang, Yun Zhu, Fei Sun","doi":"10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"Mammalian sperm are highly specialized cells consisting of a head containing paternal genome and a flagellar tail responsible for propulsion. At the core of the flagellum lies the axoneme-an evolutionarily conserved microtubule-based organelle essential for generating motility. Since the first visualization of the canonical \"9 + 2\" axonemal architecture by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in the 1950s, advancements in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) have revealed unprecedented details of its structural organization and molecular composition. These breakthroughs have illuminated how axonemal elements-including doublet microtubules (DMTs), dynein arms, radial spokes (RSs), the central pair complex (CPC), and the nexin-dynein regulatory complex (N-DRC)-coordinate to generate bending motions that drive sperm motility. Moreover, structural defects in the axoneme are increasingly recognized as major contributors to male infertility. This review traces the historical development of axonemal-structural studies, highlights the latest high-resolution architectures of mammalian sperm axonemes, and examines how these structural insights have advanced our understanding of motility regulation and disease mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":55191,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Developmental Biology","volume":"168 ","pages":"453-503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulation of adult stem cells by Niche-sensing cellular protrusions. 小生境感应细胞突起对成体干细胞的调控。

2区生物学

Current Topics in Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2025.10.003

Robert S Krauss, Hsiao-Fan Lo

引用次数: 0

ASTN2 in ASD and neurodevelopmental disorders. ASD和神经发育障碍中的ASTN2。

2区生物学

Current Topics in Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-05 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.02.003

Eve-Ellen Govek, Court Hull, Mary E Hatten

{"title":"ASTN2 in ASD and neurodevelopmental disorders.","authors":"Eve-Ellen Govek, Court Hull, Mary E Hatten","doi":"10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter reviews the role of Astrotactin 2 (ASTN2) in cerebellar development and its implications for neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASTN2 is identified as a critical gene influencing the function of the cerebellum, a brain region traditionally associated with motor control but now recognized for its roles in social cognition and emotional processing. ASTN2 mutations, including deletions and copy number variations, have been linked to increased risks of ASD and other psychiatric conditions. Studies highlight ASTN2's involvement in neuronal migration, synaptic modulation, protein trafficking, and behavior, as evidenced by mouse models displaying ASD-like behaviors when ASTN2 expression is perturbed. Additionally, ASTN2 affects the structure and function of the sole output neuron of the cerebellum, the Purkinje cell, including changes in spine density and synaptic transmission. To bridge the knowledge gap regarding the role of ASTN2 in human neurodevelopmental disorders, human induced pluripotent stem cells are being employed to further investigate ASTN2's function in human neuronal development and physiology. These studies position ASTN2 as a potential target for future therapeutic interventions in ASD and other neurodevelopmental disorders.","PeriodicalId":55191,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Developmental Biology","volume":"167 ","pages":"429-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How advances in chromosome conformation capture (3C) methods are reshaping our understanding of gene regulation in hematopoiesis. 染色体构象捕获（3C）方法的进展如何重塑我们对造血中基因调控的理解。

2区生物学

Current Topics in Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.06.007

Hangpeng Li, Nicholas Denny, James Davies

{"title":"How advances in chromosome conformation capture (3C) methods are reshaping our understanding of gene regulation in hematopoiesis.","authors":"Hangpeng Li, Nicholas Denny, James Davies","doi":"10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.06.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"The three-dimensional organization of the DNA within the nucleus plays a key role in regulating gene expression. Over the past two decades, advances in chromosome conformation capture (3C) technologies, in tandem with other methods, have shown that the genome forms a complex structure at multiple scales. Early studies identified large-scale structures such as chromosome territories, compartments and topologically associating domains (TADs). As the resolution of 3C techniques has improved, it has become possible to identify contacts between regulatory elements in detail and more recently, it has become possible to define intricate structures within cis-regulatory elements. In this chapter, we review the development of 3C-based methodologies and discuss the strengths and limitations of the different approaches. We examine how these technologies have refined our understanding of genome organization and gene regulation. Recent high-resolution studies reveal that chromatin architecture extends beyond classical domain structures to include nanoscale organization. Integration of 3C data with super-resolution imaging and molecular dynamics simulations supports a model in which genome folding is governed by the biophysical properties of chromatin.","PeriodicalId":55191,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Developmental Biology","volume":"170 ","pages":"199-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148992307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ribosomal RNA transcription in normal and leukemic hematopoiesis. 正常和白血病造血过程中的核糖体RNA转录。

2区生物学

Current Topics in Developmental Biology Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2026.06.008

Jill A Henrich, Eleanor I Sams, Vikram R Paralkar

引用次数: 0