Evolution and Human Behavior最新文献

{"title":"The evolution of war and its cognitive foundations","authors":"John Tooby ,&nbsp;Leda Cosmides","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coalitional aggression evolved because it allowed the participants to promote their fitness by gaining access to disputed, reproduction-enhancing resources that would otherwise be denied to them. Few species engage in coalitional aggression, even though the social conditions that would favor its evolution seem to be widespread. Why? Forming coalitions to exploit these opportunities requires individuals to solve highly complex and specialized information processing problems involving cooperation, coordination, and social exchange. The difficulty of evolving cognitive mechanisms capable of solving these problems—especially when the individuals involved are not kin—may explain why multi-individual coalitions are phylogenetically rare. We propose that humans and a few other cognitively pre-adapted species have evolved specialized cognitive programs that govern coalitional behavior, which constitute a distinctive <em>coalitional psychology</em>. To derive a preliminary map of this psychology, we started with a task analysis of the adaptive information-processing problems that arise during coalitional aggression. This exercise can shine light on our evolved psychology because algorithms that motivate and organize coalitional aggression would need design features that solve these problems well to be favored by selection. These problems include decisions about when to form a coalition or join one, when to initiate an attack, and how to allocate the costs and benefits that result from coalitional action. The <em>risk contract of war</em> identifies circumstances under which natural selection would favor decisions to initiate an attack. When the conditions of this model are met, mortality rates will not negatively impact the fitness of males in the winning coalition. This outcome has implications for the design of computational systems that motivate coalitional attacks; it may explain why warfare is so favored an activity among men, despite its risks to the participating individuals' welfare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"46 3","pages":"Article 106687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ecological approach to culture","authors":"Nicolas Baumard,&nbsp;Jean-Baptiste André","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The prevailing view in the literature treats cultural dynamics as fundamentally distinct from other ecological processes—governed by a second system of inheritance and requiring a separate set of theoretical foundations. Yet at its core, culture is simply an emergent outcome of interactions among individuals and with their shared environment—the very kind of phenomenon ecologists routinely study. In fact, in many ecosystems not considered cultural, such interactions do produce stable population differences, rapid innovations, informational changes, or even cumulative dynamics. These phenomena are more pronounced in cultural ecosystems, but they are not different in kind. Accordingly, we argue that cultural ecosystems should be studied through the same mechanisms as other ecosystems—ecological modifications, phenotypic responses, legacy effects, and ecological cascades. Different ecosystems may require specific methods or concepts, but not fundamentally different theoretical frameworks. The main strength of this deflationary view of culture lies in its parsimony. If culture is not fundamentally special, we can rely on the same robust and well-tested framework—namely, inclusive fitness theory—to understand human behavior in cultural ecosystems, just as we do for animal behavior more generally. Inclusive fitness theory, in turn, can help explain both (i) individual behavior in culturally rich ecosystems and (ii) how the interaction of such behaviors gives rise to the large-scale ecological patterns we call culture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"46 3","pages":"Article 106686"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence and conceptual models for the evolution of war: a response to Glowacki (2024) and Fry (2025)","authors":"Michael L. Wilson","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106685","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"46 3","pages":"Article 106685"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In memoriam: Helen E. Fisher","authors":"Justin R. Garcia ,&nbsp;Nancy L. Segal","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106684","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"46 3","pages":"Article 106684"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"People who are more likely to die care less about the future: Life insurance risk ratings predict personality","authors":"Aaron W. Lukaszewski ,&nbsp;Joseph H. Manson","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adaptationist models predict that individuals at higher risk of death will be calibrated to prioritize immediate over future benefits. However, operationalizing individual mortality risk in empirical studies has proven challenging. We introduce and explore a novel method of operationalizing individual mortality risk: Using the risk ratings assigned by actuaries to purchasers of individual life insurance policies. Participants, who had recently gone through underwriting as part of the insurance application process, completed self-report instruments to assess personality traits related to present-future tradeoffs and a putative fast-slow continuum of life history strategy. Study 1 (<em>n</em> = 270) found that insurance-based mortality risk associated negatively with a measure of slow life strategy and positively with a measure of short-term mating orientation. Study 2 (<em>n</em> = 402), which was preregistered, found that insurance-based mortality risk associated positively with impulsivity and negatively with conscientiousness and consideration of future consequences. Self-estimated mortality risk did not track insurance-based mortality risk, but was independently correlated with the same personality traits. We discuss the potential of insurance-based mortality risk estimates in behavioral research and the significance of these findings for adaptationist models of individual differences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"46 3","pages":"Article 106683"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust evidence that mobile hunter-gatherers participated in war: Comment on Fry (2025)","authors":"Luke Glowacki","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106658","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"46 2","pages":"Article 106658"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infrastructure of mother-infant interactions across development in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in the wild","authors":"Bas van Boekholt,&nbsp;Simone Pika","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The infrastructure underlying human social interaction can be described by several characteristics, such as the exchange of signals and actions, specific temporal relationships, and the use of directed gaze and body direction. These characteristics are remarkably uniform across several different languages, cultures with some of them emerging in mother-infant interactions early in development before the onset of words. It has been suggested that distinct features underlying human social action might have preceded the evolution of language and are shared across the whole primate lineage. However, despite decades of research on nonhuman primate communication, our understanding of general characteristics underlying communicative interactions, and, more specifically, the role they play in the development of communication, remains surprisingly limited. Hence, here we aimed to gain a more comprehensive overview, by studying mother-infant interactions of one of our closest living relatives, the chimpanzee (<em>Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii</em>), living in their natural environments. Specifically, we addressed the following two research questions: 1) Which characteristics built the main infrastructure of mother-infant interactions? 2) Which factors influence the infrastructure of mother-infant interactions? To answer these questions, we observed communicative interactions of a total of 17 chimpanzee mother-infant dyads (0–5 years) in the Ngogo community, Kibale National Park, Uganda between February 2021 and February 2023 (<em>N</em> = 1295 observation hours). We specifically focused on four different contexts where interactions frequently occurred, food sharing, nursing, grooming and joint-travel, and investigated the role of demographic factors (age and sex of the infant, interactant class) and interactional factors (context, unit type, turn transition). The results showed that mother-infant interactions were characterized by an equally distributed exchange of signals and actions, showed response times ranging from zero to two seconds, and involved the establishment and maintenance of participation frameworks through high frequencies of directed gaze and body direction. There was little to no effect of age and sex of the infant, interactant class, unit type and turn transition on these characteristics. However, context had a strong influence with relative lower frequencies of signals, quicker response times, and lower frequencies of directed gaze and body direction observed in the joint-travel context. By taking a comparative developmental approach, this study highlights commonalities in the infrastructure of mother-infant interactions between humans and chimpanzees, which contribute to uncover how extinct humans might have socially interacted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"46 2","pages":"Article 106671"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating perceptions of fetal resemblance","authors":"Carlota Batres ,&nbsp;Amy Mullen ,&nbsp;Sonya Krofl ,&nbsp;Lauren Trainor","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research has found that mothers are more likely to ascribe paternal resemblance to newborns. Moreover, studies have found that fathers who perceive that their children resemble them invest more in those children. In this study, we aimed to examine if maternal claims of paternal resemblance exist even with very limited visual information by asking parents whom they believed the fetus looked like during an ultrasound. We found that mothers, but not fathers, were more likely to say that the fetus resembled the father. Additionally, we found that women who were not married were even more likely to say that the fetus resembled the father. By claiming phenotypic similarity with the father, mothers are reducing paternity uncertainty and, consequently, securing investment for their offspring from when they are in utero.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"46 2","pages":"Article 106670"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Live fast, die young, leave a good-looking offspring: longevity and reproduction trade-offs in rural Spain (1536–1965)","authors":"Francisco J. Marco-Gracia ,&nbsp;Ángel Luis González-Esteban","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the most debated evolutionary theories is the trade-off between fertility and longevity. Specifically, women who experience more childbirths may have a shorter lifespan due to reduced opportunities for their bodies to recover from the associated costs. Previous studies have produced varied results, largely due to the challenge of distinguishing evolutionary factors from genetic and environmental influences in human societies. Since both longevity and fertility patterns tend to be inherited across generations, long-term historical longitudinal population samples are particularly valuable for exploring this trade-off, as they not only provide large population samples across different temporal contexts but also allow for the control of intergenerational transmission of behavior. In this study, we use a sample of 5097 women from rural Spain (based on parish records from 17 villages) who died between the sixteenth and twenty-first centuries to investigate whether a trade-off between fertility and longevity has existed. In all cases, we can control for the experiences of their parents. Our findings reveal a substantial negative impact of parity on women's longevity, as well as the adverse effect of having an early birth before fertility control was established. Additionally, we observed a significant negative effect of a prolonged reproductive cycle on natural fertility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"46 2","pages":"Article 106673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143561691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The function of love: A signaling-to-alternatives account of the commitment device hypothesis","authors":"Benjamin Gelbart ,&nbsp;Kathryn V. Walter ,&nbsp;Daniel Conroy-Beam ,&nbsp;Casey Estorque ,&nbsp;David M. Buss ,&nbsp;Kelly Asao ,&nbsp;Agnieszka Sorokowska ,&nbsp;Piotr Sorokowski ,&nbsp;Toivo Aavik ,&nbsp;Grace Akello ,&nbsp;Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba ,&nbsp;Charlotte Alm ,&nbsp;Naumana Amjad ,&nbsp;Afifa Anjum ,&nbsp;Chiemezie S. Atama ,&nbsp;Derya Atamtürk Duyar ,&nbsp;Carlota Batres ,&nbsp;Mons Bendixen ,&nbsp;Aicha Bensafia ,&nbsp;Boris Bizumic ,&nbsp;Maja Zupancic","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Love is commonly hypothesized to function as an evolved commitment device, disincentivizing the pursuit of romantic alternatives and signaling this motivational shift to a partner. Here, we test this possibility against a novel signaling-to-alternatives account, in which love instead operates by dissuading alternatives from pursuing oneself. Overall, we find stronger support for the latter account. In Studies 1 and 2, we find that partner quality relative to alternatives positively predicts feelings of love, and love fails to mitigate the negative effects of desirable alternatives on relationship satisfaction—contradicting the classic commitment device account. In Study 3, using a longitudinal design, we replicate these effects and find that changes in partner quality relative to alternatives predict changes in love over time. In Study 4, we replicate the relationship between love and relative partner quality across 44 countries. In Study 5, we find a nearly one-to-one correspondence between the extent to which partner-directed actions are diagnostic of love and reductions in romantic alternatives' attraction to the actor. These results suggest that love may not act as a commitment device in the classic sense by disincentivizing the pursuit of alternatives but by disincentivizing alternatives from pursuing oneself.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"46 2","pages":"Article 106672"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}