Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics最新文献

{"title":"Monopoles, Clarified","authors":"Aviral Aggarwal,&nbsp;Subhroneel Chakrabarti,&nbsp;Madhusudhan Raman","doi":"10.1002/prop.70090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We propose a manifestly duality-invariant, Lorentz-invariant, and local action to describe quantum electrodynamics in the presence of magnetic monopoles that derives from Sen's formalism. By employing field strengths as the dynamical variables, rather than potentials, this formalism resolves longstanding ambiguities in prior frameworks. Our analysis finds consistent outcomes at both tree and loop levels using the established principles of quantum field theory, obviating the need for external assumptions or amendments. We clarify the mechanisms of charge renormalization and demonstrate the renormalization group invariance of the charge quantization condition. Our approach can be useful for phenomenological studies and in quantum field theories with strong–weak dualities.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.70090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Re-Examination of Foundational Elements of Cosmology","authors":"Lavinia Heisenberg","doi":"10.1002/prop.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper undertakes a conceptual re-examination of several foundational elements of cosmology through the lens of spacetime symmetries. A new derivation of the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric is obtained by a careful conceptual examination of rotations and translations on generic manifolds, followed by solving the rotational and translational Killing equations, yielding both the metric <i>and</i> its translational generators for <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>k</mi>\u0000 <mo>∈</mo>\u0000 <mo>{</mo>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 <mn>0</mn>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <mo>}</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$kin lbrace -1,0,1rbrace$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> without any further assumptions. We then analyze how continuous symmetries are inherited by the Einstein tensor and the Hilbert energy–momentum tensor, proving two general propositions. Furthermore, we use the Maxwell and Kalb–Ramond fields to show that a homogeneous and isotropic energy–momentum tensor, in general, does <i>not</i> give rise to field configurations which share these symmetries. In particular, the Kalb–Ramond field we derive is significantly more general than what is usually encountered in the cosmological context. Finally, we provide a rigorous but accessible, elementary, and transparent derivation of the scalar–vector–tensor decomposition from the linearized Einstein equations. Together, these results highlight the value of multiple complementary formulations of the same cosmological physics.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.70084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Re-Examination of Foundational Elements of Cosmology","authors":"Lavinia Heisenberg","doi":"10.1002/prop.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper undertakes a conceptual re-examination of several foundational elements of cosmology through the lens of spacetime symmetries. A new derivation of the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric is obtained by a careful conceptual examination of rotations and translations on generic manifolds, followed by solving the rotational and translational Killing equations, yielding both the metric <i>and</i> its translational generators for <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>k</mi>\u0000 <mo>∈</mo>\u0000 <mo>{</mo>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 <mn>0</mn>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <mo>}</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$kin lbrace -1,0,1rbrace$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> without any further assumptions. We then analyze how continuous symmetries are inherited by the Einstein tensor and the Hilbert energy–momentum tensor, proving two general propositions. Furthermore, we use the Maxwell and Kalb–Ramond fields to show that a homogeneous and isotropic energy–momentum tensor, in general, does <i>not</i> give rise to field configurations which share these symmetries. In particular, the Kalb–Ramond field we derive is significantly more general than what is usually encountered in the cosmological context. Finally, we provide a rigorous but accessible, elementary, and transparent derivation of the scalar–vector–tensor decomposition from the linearized Einstein equations. Together, these results highlight the value of multiple complementary formulations of the same cosmological physics.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.70084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observational Features of Deformed Schwarzschild Black Holes Illuminated by an Accretion Disk with Anisotropic Emissions","authors":"Dan Li,&nbsp;Shiyang Hu,&nbsp;Chen Deng,&nbsp;Xin Wu","doi":"10.1002/prop.70062","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prop.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The projection effect of an anisotropic accretion disk causes its electromagnetic radiation to depend on the emission angle. Although this dependency has the potential to influence the observational characteristics of black holes, it has not received sufficient attention. This work simulates 86 and 230 GHz images of deformed Schwarzschild black holes illuminated by an equatorial anisotropic accretion disk, aiming to reveal the observational signatures of the target black hole and the impact of the projection effect on the images. The study demonstrates that while the introduction of the projection effect does not alter the profiles of the black hole's inner shadow and critical curve, it significantly suppresses the specific intensity of light rays, particularly in direct emission, thereby reducing image brightness. The extent of this reduction depends on both the observation inclination and frequency. This phenomenon aids in the extraction of geometric information from higher-order subrings in the image. Furthermore, increasing the deformation parameter is found to enhance the brightness of the deformed Schwarzschild black hole image, accompanied by a reduction in the size of the critical curve and inner shadow. This relationship establishes a connection between the intrinsic properties of deformed Schwarzschild black holes and their observational characteristics, providing a reliable tool for testing the no-hair conjecture and gravitational theories. Specifically, a novel method is proposed for constraining parameters based on the silhouette of the inner shadow, which holds promise for extension to any spherically symmetric black hole in other gravitational theories.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147564559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hamiltonian Equations of Motion of Quadratic Gravity","authors":"Jorge Bellorin","doi":"10.1002/prop.70066","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prop.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The equations of motion of the Hamiltonian formulation of quadratic gravity are computed explicitly. This is the theory with the most general Lagrangian with terms of quadratic order in the curvature tensor (discarding the cosmological constant). The symbolic computational tool Cadabra is employed. The linearized version of the equations of motion is presented, performing the longitudinal-transverse decomposition. The linear equations are compared with the covariant field equations, finding that, if general-relativity terms are active, the linear Hamiltonian formulation is valid only if the perturbative spatial metric is traceless, a condition that can be freely imposed by recurring to an arbitrary function. The equations of motion are applied on homogeneous and isotropic configurations, finding explicit solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147568558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cosmological FLRW Phase Transitions Under Exponential Corrected Entropy","authors":"Rodrigo Rivadeneira-Caro,&nbsp;Joel F. Saavedra,&nbsp;Francisco Tello-Ortiz","doi":"10.1002/prop.70063","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prop.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work considers how exponential corrections to the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy formula affect the thermodynamic behavior of the FLRW cosmological model. These corrections significantly alter the form of the Friedman field equations, leading to nontrivial phase transition behavior. For negative values of the tracking parameter <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>α</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$alpha$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, the system presents first-order phase transitions above the critical temperature, and for positive <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>α</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$alpha$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, the system undergoes a reentrant phase transition. As these corrections are presumably relevant at the early Universe stage, to corroborate the presence of some potential vestige of this contribution in the current era, a study has been carried out comparing observational data and current values of the Hubble parameter.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Torsion in M2-Brane Theory","authors":"María Pilar García del Moral,&nbsp;Camilo las Heras,&nbsp;Alvaro Restuccia","doi":"10.1002/prop.70061","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prop.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The role of torsion in the local and global description of supersymmetric M2-branes with fluxes and parabolic monodromies is determined. The monodromy corresponds to a representation <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>ρ</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$rho$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> of the fundamental group of the base manifold into the parabolic subgroup of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mtext>SL</mtext>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 <mi>Z</mi>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$mbox{SL}(2,mathbb {Z})$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, the group of isotopy classes of area-preserving diffeomorphisms. These are M2-branes with a quantum discrete spectrum with finite multiplicity. The global description of these M2-branes is given by twisted torus bundles with monodromy. Given a representation, they are classified by <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>H</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mi>Σ</mi>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 <msubsup>\u0000 <mi>Z</mi>\u0000 <mi>ρ</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msubsup>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mi>Z</mi>\u0000 <mi>⊕</mi>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>Z</mi>\u0000 <mi>k</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$mbox{H}^2(Sigma,mathbb {Z}^2_rho)=mathbb {Z}oplus mathbb {Z}_k$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, or equivalently, by the coinvariants associated with the parabolic monodromy subgroup. Previous constructions are generalized in two different ways. The first one considers parabolic monodromies with <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>k</mi>\u0000 <mo>&gt;</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$k&gt;1$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>. This makes it possible to identify torsion cycles of order greater than one. It is shown that there are well-defined nilmanifolds in three, four, and five dimensions with nontrivial torsion cycles contained in the global description of these M2-branes. The torsion is also manifest in the equivalence classes of M2-brane bundles. The second one is the action of the torsion on the coinvariants of the base manifold, which is analyzed. Together with the flux condition, the torsion defines explicitly the number of coinvariants for a given monodromy.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unified Functional-Holographic Theory of the QCD Critical End Point","authors":"Sameer Ahmad Mir,&nbsp;Saeed Uddin,&nbsp;Swatantra Kumar Tiwari,&nbsp;Mir Faizal","doi":"10.1002/prop.70085","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prop.70085","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We develop a thermodynamically consistent nonperturbative framework for equilibrium criticality in QCD matter by unifying Dyson–Schwinger quark propagation, functional renormalization-group (FRG) evolution of the effective action, and Polyakov–Nambu–Jona–Lasinio (PNJL) thermodynamics for the coupled chiral and deconfinement order parameters. A holographic Maxwell–Chern–Simons sector supplies the topological response, and its topological susceptibility is fed into the FRG flow of the determinantal ('t Hooft) interaction to encode the evolution of the axial anomaly across the phase diagram. At &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;μ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$mu _B=0$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, the construction is anchored to continuum-extrapolated lattice thermodynamics and conserved-charge susceptibilities through a lattice-calibrated Polyakov sector, while exact thermodynamic identities are enforced by evaluating all derivatives at the stationary solution of the grand potential at each RG scale. Solving the coupled DSE, FRG, and holographic system yields, within this framework and at the present level of approximation, an equilibrium critical end point (CEP) at &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;T&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;CEP&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;≃&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;130&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$T_{mathrm{CEP}}simeq 130$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;135&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;MeV&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$135,mathrm{MeV}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;μ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;CEP&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;≃&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;mn&gt;600&lt;/mn&gt;\u0000 &lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;MeV&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$mu _{B,mathrm{CEP}}simeq 600,mathrm{MeV}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; together with an internally quantified sensitivity to regulator, Polyakov-sector, and holographic-normalization variations. The critical region is organized by a nonperturbative mapping to universal 3D Ising scaling variables with anomalous-dimension effects absorbed into nonuniversal metric factors, leading to equilibri","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147564627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Holographic Origin of Future Singularities and the Role of Spatial Curvature in Cosmic Expansion","authors":"Miguel Cruz,&nbsp;Samuel Lepe,&nbsp;Joel Saavedra","doi":"10.1002/prop.70087","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prop.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We investigate the fundamental cosmological implications of holographic dark energy using the Granda-Oliveros (GO) infrared cutoff, spatial curvature, and generalized entropies. We demonstrate that the GO cutoff establishes a geometric origin for phantom acceleration, inevitably leading to a big rip singularity without requiring exotic matter. Incorporating spatial curvature reveals that topology acts as a quantitative catalyst; positive curvature accelerates the singularity in closed universes, but cannot alter its fundamental behavior. Furthermore, we show that Kaniadakis generalized entropy modifications are structurally insufficient to prevent this finite-time divergence. To successfully soften the big rip and yield an asymptotic little rip, it is necessary (as first alternative) to integrate irreversible thermodynamical mechanisms, such as nonequilibrium particle creation. These macroscopic processes are sufficient to <i>neutralize</i> the geometric divergence of the GO cutoff, as we discuss in the work.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147564626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical Study of Bouncing Cosmology in f(Q,C) Gravity With Generalized Infrared Cutoffs","authors":"Moli Ghosh,&nbsp;C. Aktas,&nbsp;Surajit Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1002/prop.70083","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prop.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this work, we have studied bouncing cosmology in <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>f</mi>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 <mi>C</mi>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$f(Q,C)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> gravity framework. This gravity theory is an extension of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>f</mi>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$f(Q)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> gravity where a boundary term <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>C</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$C$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> is also included. We have considered holographic fluid with generalized infrared cut-offs to drive the bounce. For some chosen forms of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>f</mi>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 <mi>C</mi>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$f(Q, C)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, we have discussed the bouncing behavior with scale factors derived from the IR cutoffs of some generalized forms of holographic fluid considered as bouncing fluid. We have checked the null-energy condition for our models and also discussed the second law of thermodynamics in this setup. The analysis shows that the models can produce bouncing solutions, which are mathematically consistent and can give possible explanation to the early universe without an initial singularity. The study also indicates that <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>f</mi>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 <mi>C</mi>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$f(Q, C)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> gravity with generalized cut-offs may be useful to understand cosmic evolution beyond standard <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>Λ</mi>\u0000 <mi>CDM</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$Lambda{rm CDM}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"74 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}