Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics最新文献

{"title":"Sourcing the Kerr Geometry","authors":"Ram Brustein,&nbsp;A.J.M. Medved","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202400256","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Kerr metric is a vacuum solution of the Einstein equations outside of a rotating black hole (BH), but what interior matter is actually rotating and sourcing the Kerr geometry? Here, a rotating exotic matter is described, which can source the Kerr geometry for the entire acceptable range of its spin parameter and be shown to saturate the radial null-energy condition at every point in the interior, while being free of any obvious pathologies. The rotating frozen star is introduced, whose compactness is controlled by a perturbative parameter and whose outer surface can be arbitrarily close to the horizon of a Kerr BH. The interior geometry modifies Kerr's such that there is neither an inner ergosphere nor an inner horizon. The geometry of each radial slice of the interior is a nearly null surface with the same geometry, but different radial size, as that of the would-be horizon on the outermost slice. The integral of the energy density leads to a rest mass that is equal to the irreducible mass of a Kerr BH, and the integral of the angular-momentum density confirms that the ratio of the angular momentum to the mass is equal to the Kerr spin parameter. Including the rotational energy in the standard way, the total gravitational mass and angular momentum of a Kerr BH with the same mass and spin parameters are obtained.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"73 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.202400256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Euler–Heisenberg Black Hole Surrounded by Quintessence in the Background of Perfect Fluid Dark Matter: Thermodynamics, Shadows, and Quasinormal Modes","authors":"Bilel Hamil,&nbsp;Bekir Can Lütfüoğlu","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202400105","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Current observations show that a significant fraction of the Universe is composed of dark energy and dark matter. In this paper, the simultaneous effects of these dark sectors on the Euler–Heisenberg black hole are investigated, using the quintessence matter field and perfect fluid to model them. In particular, the black hole's thermodynamics, shadows, and quasinormal modes are studied, and detailed discussions are provided on how these properties change with relatively large or small dark sector components.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"73 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.202400105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dark Dimension With (Little) Strings Attached","authors":"Ivano Basile,&nbsp;Dieter Lüst","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202400265","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A relation between dark energy and the scale of new physics in weakly coupled string theory is motivated. This mixing between infrared and ultraviolet physics leads to a unique corner for real-world phenomenology: barring fine-tunings, the authors are naturally led to the “dark dimension” scenario, a single mesoscopic extra dimension of micron size with the standard model localized on D-branes. Our explicit top-down worldsheet derivation establishes it on a more solid grounding. Allowing some fine-tuning, such that the vacuum energy only arise at higher orders in string perturbation theory, the “little string theory” scenario with a very weakly coupled string is an alternative possibility. In this case, the string scale lies at the edge of detectability of particle accelerators.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"73 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.202400265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anisotropic Cosmic Expansion Inspired by Some Novel Holographic Dark Energy Models in \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 f\u0000 (\u0000 Q\u0000 )\u0000 \u0000 $f(Q)$\u0000 Theory","authors":"Rabia Saleem,&nbsp;Aleeha Ijaz,&nbsp;Saira Waheed","doi":"10.1002/prop.202300276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202300276","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present work discusses the topic of cosmic evolution in an intriguing framework of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>f</mi>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$f(Q)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> theory of gravity (with <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$Q$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> as a non-metricity (NM) scalar which controls the gravitational interaction) by using some recently proposed holographic dark energy (HDE) models. To achieve this goal, the dynamical equations for locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type-I (BI) geometry are formulated with matter contents as a mixture of dust and anisotropic fluids. By assuming that the time-redshift relation follows a Lambert function, the cosmological model is constructed by using Rényi HDE (RHDE), Sharma–Mittal HDE (SMHDE) and Generalized HDE (GHDE) as separate cases where Hubble horizon is taken as an infrared (IR) cutoff. Cosmological characteristics of these models are then examined through graphs of energy densities, skewness parameter <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mi>γ</mi>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$(gamma)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, deceleration, and EoS parameters. The evolution of the EoS parameter is also studied, i.e., <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>ω</mi>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mrow></mrow>\u0000 <mo>′</mo>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <annotation>$omega ^{^{prime }}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> to discuss the dynamical characteristics of constructed DE models and assess the stability of models via the squared speed of sound parameter. It is found that the <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>ω</mi>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>ω</mi>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mrow></mrow>\u0000 <mo>′</mo>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$omega -omega ^{^{prime }}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> plane shows the freezing region for RHDE and GHDE models while the thawing region for the SMHDE case. Also, it is concluded that all constructed models exhibit cosmologically viable and stable behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"73 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering Quantum Phases of Ultracold Bosons on Lieb Lattice","authors":"Yang Lin","doi":"10.1002/prop.202300235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202300235","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The quantum phase transition of the hardcore boson model on a Lieb lattice by quantum Monte Carlo simulations is studied. Considering nearest-neighbor interchain hopping, the phase diagram of the Bose-Hubbard model on the Lieb lattice contains solid phases with average density <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>ρ</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$rho$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> = 2/3, and superfluid phases between solid phases.Two ways of controlling quantum states are discussed: to add an alternating on-site <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>μ</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$mu$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> potential, and to add an alternating hopping amplitude in the <i>X</i>- and <i>Y</i>-directions. For the above cases, there exists a new filling state, <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>ρ</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$rho$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> = 1/3. Adding an alternating on-site potential to the Hamiltonian, the phase transition from <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>ρ</mi>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <mo>/</mo>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$rho =1/3$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> to <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>ρ</mi>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 <mo>/</mo>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$rho =2/3$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> is sharp and discontinuous, featuring the nature of a first order. Considering a dimerization term, for large V, it is expected that there is a direct transition from the valence-bond insulator to the CDW as the interaction is strengthened. For the three cases, upper boundary for <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>ρ</mi>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>0</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$rho =0$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and lower boundary for <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>ρ</mi>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$rho =1$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> are calculated.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"73 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstate Sequence Theory of Phase Transition: Theory Construction and Application on 3-Dimensional Ising Model","authors":"Yikun Ren,&nbsp;Feixiang Xu,&nbsp;Ming Lin,&nbsp;Qiongxin Hua","doi":"10.1002/prop.202300249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202300249","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The concepts of microstates and statistical ensembles form a fundamental starting point for various statistical physics theories that address thermodynamic and phase transition behaviors of correlated many-body systems. In this paper, we propose microstate sequence (MSS) theory built on a novel idea of arranging all microstates of a discrete thermodynamic system into a sequence with monotonically increasing property of key parameters and strict “smooth structure variation” property. Because of the properties, it obtains better analytical ability to express the derivation with the essential parameter change (in the cubic Ising model, the parameter is the dimensionality) at any micro-structure to figure out the qualitative issues like the relationship between phase transition order and dimensionality. With this idea in mind, the microstate sequence (MSS) of the Ising model in arbitrary dimension is constructed through a nontrivial iteration method based on a series of number-theoretic transformation tricks. After obtaining the complete form of the MSS for the Ising model, we provide a concise proof of the second-order phase transition nature for the Ising model in all n <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mo>&gt;</mo>\u0000 <annotation>$&gt;$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> 2 dimensions starting from the well-known exact result for the two-dimensional Ising model, as a test of the qualitative issue of MSS theory. Finally, we discuss the MSS theory in other lattice models like the Potts model and temperature derivation model to explore the correlations of number theory and phase trajectory in an extended range of discrete thermodynamic systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"73 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hawking Radiation of Renormalization Group Improved Regular Black Holes","authors":"Roman A. Konoplya","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202400002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A renormalization group approach based on the idea that the primary contribution to the Schwarzschild-like black hole spacetime arises from the value of the gravitational coupling is considered. The latter depends on the distance from the origin and approaches its classical value in the far zone. However, at some stage, this approach introduces an arbitrariness in choosing an identification parameter. There are three approaches to the identification: the modified proper length (the Bonanno–Reuter metric), the Kretschmann scalar (the Hayward metric), and an iterative, and, in a sense, coordinate-independent procedure (Dymnikova solution). Using the Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin method, gray-body factors are calculated for the Standard Model massless test fields and their corresponding energy emission rates. For all of these solutions, it is found that the intensity of Hawking radiation of massless fields is significantly suppressed by several or more orders once the quantum correction is taken into consideration. This indicates that the effect of suppression of the Hawking radiation may be appropriate to the quantum corrected black holes in asymptotically safe gravity in general and is independent on the particular choice of the identification parameter.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"73 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gravitational Deflection of Massive Body Around Global Monopole","authors":"Farook Rahaman,&nbsp;Ruhul Amin,&nbsp;Mahmud Hasan,&nbsp;Anikul Islam,&nbsp;Saibal Ray,&nbsp;Abdul Aziz,&nbsp;Naeem Ahmad Pundeer","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202400007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The non-minimally coupled global monopole is a point like topological defect that may have been created during the phase transitions in the early universe. It is argued that topological defects are responsible for the structure formation of the galaxies and monopole could be the galactic dark matter in the spiral galaxies. In this article, the deflection of massive particle by the global monopole is studied. This basically makes sense as global monopole produces strong gravitational field due to enormous energy density allied with the Nambu–Goldstone field adjoining the monopole. The energy density of the monopole is decreasing with distance as <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>r</mi>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <mo>+</mo>\u0000 <mn>0</mn>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>r</mi>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$ r^{-2} + 0(r^{-2})$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and as a result global monopole structure plays an important role to explain the flatness of rotation curves of the outer region of various galaxies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"73 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information: Fortschritte der Physik 12 / 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202400909","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"72 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.202400909","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes on Characterizations of 2d Rational SCFTs: Algebraicity, Mirror Symmetry, and Complex Multiplication","authors":"Abhiram Kidambi,&nbsp;Masaki Okada,&nbsp;Taizan Watari","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202400161","url":null,"abstract":"<p>S. Gukov and C. Vafa proposed a characterization of rational <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>N</mi>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$N=(1,1)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> superconformal field theories (SCFTs) in <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 <mo>+</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$1+1$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> dimensions with Ricci-flat Kähler target spaces in terms of the Hodge structure of the target space, extending an earlier observation by G. Moore. The idea is refined, and a conjectural statement on necessary and sufficient conditions for such SCFTs to be rational is obtained, which is indeed proven to be true in the case the target space is <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mi>T</mi>\u0000 <mn>4</mn>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 <annotation>$T^4$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>. In the refined statement, the algebraicity of the geometric data of the target space turns out to be essential, and the Strominger–Yau–Zaslow fibration in the mirror correspondence also plays a vital role.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"73 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.202400161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}