Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics最新文献

{"title":"Issue Information: Fortschritte der Physik 9–10 / 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202400907","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"72 9-10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.202400907","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142429624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open String Renormalization Group Flow as a Field Theory","authors":"Julius Hristov","doi":"10.1002/prop.202300266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202300266","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article shows that the integral flow-lines of the RG-flow of open string theory can be interpreted as the solitons of a Hořova–Lifshitz sigma-model of open membranes. The authors argue that the effective background description of this model implies the g-theorem of open string theory. Its close connection to boundary string field theory is described. Additionally, the study endows the Hilbert space of the open membrane with a graded non-commutative, associative, cyclic algebra and construct an open membrane field theory, whose action measures the energy difference between different backgrounds in open string field theory. The authors use an identity-based membrane field to proof Sen's conjecture. Finally, the ideas are applied to the topological string and it is shown that the membrane action is quantized in equivariant K-theory of the moduli space of framed instantons.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"72 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.202300266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142707463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flavor in \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 S\u0000 U\u0000 (\u0000 5\u0000 )\u0000 \u0000 $SU(5)$\u0000 Finite Grand Unified Models","authors":"Luis Odín Estrada Ramos,&nbsp;Myriam Mondragón,&nbsp;Gregory Patellis,&nbsp;George Zoupanos","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202400177","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Four <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>S</mi>\u0000 <mi>U</mi>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mn>5</mn>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <mi>N</mi>\u0000 <mo>=</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$SU(5) nobreakspace N=1$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> supersymmetric models which exhibit <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>S</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>$S_3$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and/or <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>Z</mi>\u0000 <mi>N</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>$Z_N$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> symmetries are studied, that are finite to two or all loops, and their corresponding mass matrices. The first is an all-loop finite model based on an <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>S</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>×</mo>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>Z</mi>\u0000 <mn>3</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <mo>×</mo>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>Z</mi>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$S_3times Z_3times Z_2$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> flavor symmetry, which leads to phenomenologically nonviable mass matrices. The remaining models, based on cyclic symmetries, show various mass textures, some of which are phenomenologically promising. For the two-loop finite models, the parametric solutions to the finiteness conditions determine completely some of the Yukawa couplings, and lead to a restricted range of values for other ones at the GUT scale, with a considerable reduction in the number of free parameters. One particular solution of the two-loop models shows an enhanced symmetry, leading to an all-loop finite model, which has a significant parameter reduction and could in principle reproduce the observed quark masses and mixing pattern. In this case the finiteness conditions determine the absolute value of all the Yukawa couplings at the unification scale. Finally, the minimum number of phases in the mass matrices and their position are determined, a task not previously done in Finite Unified Theories, which contributes towards the reduction of parameters and a better understanding of the Yukawa couplings.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"72 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.202400177","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Braided Scalar Quantum Field Theory","authors":"Djordje Bogdanović,&nbsp;Marija Dimitrijević Ćirić,&nbsp;Voja Radovanović,&nbsp;Richard J. Szabo,&nbsp;Guillaume Trojani","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202400169","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We formulate scalar field theories in a curved braided <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>L</mi>\u0000 <mi>∞</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>$L_infty$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>-algebra formalism and analyse their correlation functions using Batalin–Vilkovisky quantization. We perform detailed calculations in cubic braided scalar field theory up to two-loop order and three-point multiplicity. The divergent tadpole contributions are eliminated by a suitable choice of central curvature for the <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>L</mi>\u0000 <mi>∞</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>$L_infty$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>-structure, and we confirm the absence of UV/IR mixing. The calculations of higher loop and higher multiplicity correlators in homological perturbation theory are facilitated by the introduction of a novel diagrammatic calculus. We derive an algebraic version of the Schwinger–Dyson equations based on the homological perturbation lemma, and use them to prove the braided Wick theorem.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"72 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142708398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Fermion Systems and Octonions","authors":"Felix Finster,&nbsp;Niels G. Gresnigt,&nbsp;José M. Isidro,&nbsp;Antonino Marcianò,&nbsp;Claudio F. Paganini,&nbsp;Tejinder P. Singh","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202400055","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The authors compare the structures and methods in the theory of causal fermion systems with approaches to fundamental physics based on division algebras, in particular the octonions. It is found that octonions and, more generally, tensor products of division algebras come up naturally to describe the symmetries of the vacuum configuration of a causal fermion system. This is achieved by associating the real and imaginary octonion basis elements with the neutrino and charged sectors of the vacuum fermionic projector, respectively. Conversely, causal fermion systems provide octonionic theories with spacetime structures and dynamical equations via the causal action principle. In this way, octonionic theories and causal fermion systems complement each other.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"72 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142708076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matching the Vilkovisky–DeWitt Effective Action of Quantum Gravity to String Theory","authors":"Xavier Calmet,&nbsp;Elias Kiritsis,&nbsp;Folkert Kuipers,&nbsp;Dieter Lüst","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202400176","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, the matching of the Vilkovisky–DeWitt effective action of quantum gravity is discussedwith an example of an ultra-violet complete theory of quantum gravity. The authors show how this matching enables a calculation of the local Wilson coefficients of the effective action. Several examples in string theory are provided. Moreover, the matching conditions within the context of the swampland program are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"72 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.202400176","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"F\u0000 (\u0000 Q\u0000 )\u0000 \u0000 $F(Q)$\u0000 Gravity with Gauss–Bonnet Corrections: From Early-Time Inflation to Late-Time Acceleration","authors":"Shin'ichi Nojiri,&nbsp;Sergei D. Odintsov","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.202400113","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The authors show that in the <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>f</mi>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$f(Q)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> gravity with a non-metricity scalar <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$Q$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, the curvatures in Einstein's gravity, that is, the Riemann curvature constructed from the standard Levi-Civita connection, could not be excluded or naturally appear. The first observation is that even in <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>f</mi>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$f(Q)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> gravity, the conservation of the matter energy-momentum tensor is not described by the covariant derivatives in the non-metricity gravity but that is given by the Levi-Civita connection. The commutator of the covariant derivatives in Einstein's gravity inevitably induces the Riemann curvature. There is no symmetry nor principle which prohibits the Riemann curvature in non-metricity gravity. Based on this observation, the authors propose and investigate <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>f</mi>\u0000 <mfenced>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 <mi>G</mi>\u0000 </mfenced>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$fleft(Q, mathcal {G} right)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> gravity with the Gauss–Bonnet invariant <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mi>G</mi>\u0000 <annotation>$mathcal {G}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> and its generalizations. The authors also show how <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>f</mi>\u0000 <mfenced>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi>\u0000 <mo>,</mo>\u0000 <mi>G</mi>\u0000 </mfenced>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$fleft(Q, mathcal {G} right)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> models realizing any given the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson– Walker (FLRW) spacetime can be reconstructed. The reconstruction formalism to cosmology is applied. Explicitly, the gravity models which realize slow roll or constant roll inflation, dark energy epoch as well as the unification of the inflation and dark energy are found. The dynamical autonomous system and the gravitational wave in the theory under investigation are discussed. It is found the condition that the de Sitter spacetime becomes the (stable) fixed point of the system.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"72 9-10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142430154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holographic Duals of Symmetry Broken Phases","authors":"Andrea Antinucci,&nbsp;Francesco Benini,&nbsp;Giovanni Rizi","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400172","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prop.202400172","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel interpretation of Symmetry Topological Field Theories (SymTFTs) as theories of gravity is explored by proposing a holographic duality where the bulk SymTFT (with the gauging of a suitable Lagrangian algebra) is dual to the universal effective field theory (EFT) that describes spontaneous symmetry breaking on the boundary. The authors tested this conjecture in various dimensions and with many examples involving different continuous symmetry structures, including non-Abelian and non-invertible symmetries, as well as higher groups. For instance, many Abelian SymTFTs are found to be dual to free theories of Goldstone bosons or generalized Maxwell fields, while non-Abelian SymTFTs relate to non-linear sigma models with target spaces defined by the symmetry groups. The analysis is also extended to include the non-invertible <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>Q</mi>\u0000 <mo>/</mo>\u0000 <mi>Z</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$mathbb {Q}/mathbb {Z}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> axial symmetry, which is shown to be dual to axion-Maxwell theory, and a non-Abelian 2-group structure in four dimensions, deriving a new parity-violating interaction that has implications for the low-energy dynamics of <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>U</mi>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mi>N</mi>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$U(N)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> QCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"72 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.202400172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"de Sitter State in Heterotic String Theory","authors":"Stephon Alexander,&nbsp;Keshav Dasgupta,&nbsp;Archana Maji,&nbsp;Pichai Ramadevi,&nbsp;Radu Tatar","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400163","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prop.202400163","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent no-go theorems have ruled out four-dimensional classical de Sitter vacua in heterotic string theory. On the other hand, the absence of a well-defined Wilsonian effective action and other related phenomena also appear to rule out such time-dependent vacua with de Sitter isometries, even in the presence of quantum corrections. In this note, the authors argued that a four-dimensional de Sitter space can still exist in <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>S</mi>\u0000 <mi>O</mi>\u0000 <mo>(</mo>\u0000 <mn>32</mn>\u0000 <mo>)</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$SO(32)$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> heterotic string theory as a Glauber–Sudarshan state, i.e., as an excited state, over a supersymmetric Minkowski background, albeit within a finite temporal domain. Borel resummation and resurgence play a crucial role in constructing such a state in the Hilbert space of heterotic theory governed entirely by the IR degrees of freedom.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"72 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/prop.202400163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"T-Duality of a Bosonic String in a Weakly Curved Space-Time","authors":"Sonja Dedić,&nbsp;Danijel Obrić","doi":"10.1002/prop.202400162","DOIUrl":"10.1002/prop.202400162","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article, the T-dualization of a 3<i>D</i> closed bosonic string, that is propagating in space-time metric with an infinitesimal linear dependence on the coordinates <i>x</i>^μ, is considered. Other fields, Kalb-Ramond and dilaton fields are set to zero. Action with this configuration of fields is not invariant to translations. In order to find the T-dual theory, a generalization of the Buscher procedure is employed, that can be applied to cases with coordinate dependent fields that do not possess translational isometry. Finally, by using transformation laws that connect coordinates of starting and T-dual theories, authors will be able to examine the geometric structure of T-dual theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":55150,"journal":{"name":"Fortschritte Der Physik-Progress of Physics","volume":"72 9-10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142198237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}