Fungal Ecology最新文献_第7页

Differences in spore size and atmospheric survival shape stark contrasts in the dispersal dynamics of two closely related fungal pathogens 孢子大小和大气生存的差异形成了两种密切相关的真菌病原体传播动力学的鲜明对比

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Fungal Ecology Pub Date : 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101298

Jacob J. Golan , Daniele Lagomarsino Oneto , Shunping Ding , Richard Kessenich , Melvin Sandler , Tomás A. Rush , Daniel Levitis , Amanda Gevens , Agnese Seminara , Anne Pringle

{"title":"Differences in spore size and atmospheric survival shape stark contrasts in the dispersal dynamics of two closely related fungal pathogens","authors":"Jacob J. Golan , Daniele Lagomarsino Oneto , Shunping Ding , Richard Kessenich , Melvin Sandler , Tomás A. Rush , Daniel Levitis , Amanda Gevens , Agnese Seminara , Anne Pringle","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A frequently ignored but critical aspect of microbial dispersal is survival in the atmosphere. We exposed spores of two closely related, morphologically dissimilar, and economically important fungal pathogens to typical atmospheric environments and modeled their movement in the troposphere. <em>Alternaria solani</em> conidia are nearly 10 times larger than <em>A. alternata</em> conidia, but in our experiments, most died within 24 h, while over half of <em>A. alternata</em> conidia remained viable on day 12. Next, we modeled the movement of spores across North America. We predict 99% of the larger <em>A. solani</em> conidia settle within 24 h, with a maximum dispersal distance of 100 km. By contrast, most <em>A. alternata</em> conidia remain airborne for more than 12 days, and dispersal over long distances(2000 km) is likely. Counterintuitively, the larger <em>A. solani</em> conidia survive poorly, as compared to smaller <em>A. alternata</em> conidia, but also land sooner and move over shorter distances.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 101298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71782112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flow modes provide a quantification of Physarum network peristalsis 流动模式提供了绒泡菌网络蠕动的量化

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Fungal Ecology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101283

Ryan Wilkinson , Matthew Koziol , Karen Alim , Marcus Roper

引用次数: 0

Live imaging of momentary sporangiospore extrusion from trichospores and its morphological changes in Zancudomyces culisetae (Harpellales) culisetae赞库菌(Zancudomyces culisetae, Harpellales)三孢子瞬间挤压孢子的实时成像及其形态变化

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Fungal Ecology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101262

Norio Takeshita , Hiroki Sato

{"title":"Live imaging of momentary sporangiospore extrusion from trichospores and its morphological changes in Zancudomyces culisetae (Harpellales)","authors":"Norio Takeshita , Hiroki Sato","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Harpellales, an order of Kickxellomycotina, are commensalistic fungi that live in the digestive tracts of arthropods. They create specialized spores, called trichospores, which are asexual, deciduous, monosporous sporangia that infect individuals in the host population. The trichospores do not produce germ tube(s) and expel the sporangiospore inside very quickly. This germination style is referred to as sporangiospore extrusion. In this study, we were able to record live imaging of the sporangiospore extrusion from trichospores and subsequent morphological changes. Using live image analysis, the rates of spore extrusion, elongation and contraction were determined. When the pH shifted from 10 to 5 in a liquid medium containing potassium, the sporangiospore burst through the sporangial wall in less than 30 s, and rapidly tripled in length (56 μm) from the initial trichospore length (18 μm). During the next 60 s, the spore gradually contracted to be similar to the original length (22 μm) of the trichospore. The mechanisms underlying spore membrane elongation and contraction were revealed by fluorescent staining of the cell wall and plasma membrane. Momentary sporangiospore extrusion from trichospores and its contraction are thought to be an adaptation for quick attachment to the gut cuticle of host insects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49742815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Grazing by collembola controls fungal induced soil aggregation 线虫放牧控制真菌引起的土壤团聚

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Fungal Ecology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101284

S. Emilia Hannula , Renske Jongen , Elly Morriën

引用次数: 0

Evenness modulates effects of the loss of plant litter from rare species on fungal decomposers in tropical streams 均匀度调节热带溪流中稀有物种凋落物对真菌分解者的影响

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Fungal Ecology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101275

Raiane S. Rabelo , Alan M. Tonin , Adriana Oliveira Medeiros , Luz Boyero , José F. Gonçalves Júnior

{"title":"Evenness modulates effects of the loss of plant litter from rare species on fungal decomposers in tropical streams","authors":"Raiane S. Rabelo , Alan M. Tonin , Adriana Oliveira Medeiros , Luz Boyero , José F. Gonçalves Júnior","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While most studies evaluating plant species diversity effects on in-stream fungal decomposers have focused on dominant species, our study simulated different rare species extinction scenarios. We assessed whether the loss of these species altered the fungal biomass and aquatic hyphomycete sporulation, diversity and taxonomic composition in two experiments: even experiment, where we used the same biomass for all species (i.e., even litter mixtures); and natural proportion experiment, where we kept proportions of plant species as found in stream leaf litter (i.e., natural litter mixtures). We found that the loss of litter from rare plant species reduced fungal biomass and the reduction was greater for natural litter mixtures, indicating that evenness modulated the effect of diversity on fungal biomass, possibly through resource dissimilarity. Our findings reveal the relevance of litter from rare plant species and of the maintenance of natural species proportions in tropical riparian forests for the functioning of stream ecosystems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49742949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ITS alchemy: On the use of ITS as a DNA marker in fungal ecology ITS的炼金术:ITS作为DNA标记物在真菌生态学中的应用

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Fungal Ecology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101274

Håvard Kauserud

{"title":"ITS alchemy: On the use of ITS as a DNA marker in fungal ecology","authors":"Håvard Kauserud","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High throughput sequencing of PCR amplicons derived from environmental DNA (aka DNA metabarcoding) has become an integral part of fungal ecology, enabling in-depth characterization of fungal communities. In most cases, the rDNA Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region, which has a long history as a target in fungal systematics, is used as a DNA barcode marker. Despite improvements in sequencing techniques and bioinformatics approaches, there are inherent limitations associated with the use of a single-locus DNA marker that are often ignored. In this text, I discuss both inherent biological and methodological limitations associated with the use of the ITS marker. For example, proper species delimitation is often not possible with a single marker, and a significant DNA barcoding gap (i.e. interspecific divergence) is often missing between sister taxa in ITS. Further, we can rarely be fully confident about the assigned species-level taxonomy based on available reference sequences. In addition to the inherent limitations, an extra layer of complexity and variation is blended into DNA metabarcoding data due to PCR and sequencing errors that may look similar to natural molecular variation. The bioinformatics processing of ITS amplicons must take into account both the basic properties of the ITS region, as well as the generated errors and biases. In this regard, we cannot adopt approaches and settings from other markers, such as 16S and 18S, blindly. For example, due to intraspecific variability in the ITS region, and sometimes intragenomic variability, ITS sequences must be clustered to approach species level resolution in community studies. Therefore, I argue that the concept of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) is not applicable. Although the ITS region is by far the best option as a general DNA (meta)barcoding marker for fungi, this contribution is meant to remind against a naive or simplistic use of the ITS region, and for stimulating further discussions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49742894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Consequences of fire and other prairie management treatments for macrofungi in the Pacific Northwest of the U. S. A. 火灾和其他草原管理措施对美国西北太平洋地区大型真菌的影响。

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Fungal Ecology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101279

Bitty A. Roy , Sarah T. Hamman , Hannah Soukup , Wes Messinger , Roo Vandegrift , Keyyana Blount , Denise E.L. Giles , Thomas N. Kaye

{"title":"Consequences of fire and other prairie management treatments for macrofungi in the Pacific Northwest of the U. S. A.","authors":"Bitty A. Roy , Sarah T. Hamman , Hannah Soukup , Wes Messinger , Roo Vandegrift , Keyyana Blount , Denise E.L. Giles , Thomas N. Kaye","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Prairies were once extensive in the Pacific Northwest, but declined due to Euro-American settlement, agriculture, and fire exclusion. Remnant and restored prairies require frequent management to limit establishment of trees and invasive plants. We asked whether management practices affect sporocarps (“mushrooms”) by quantifying sporocarps in prairie restoration treatments, including fire. Management treatments significantly affected sporocarp production; there were more mushrooms in burned plots and fewer in carbon addition plots. Surveys of fire chronosequences (not burned for >150 years, burned in 2012, 2014 or 2015) revealed significant differences in sporocarp numbers depending on time since fire (more in unburned and in 2015 burns), whether the prairie was an upland or wetland (more in uplands), and when the census occurred. In these now rare habitats, we found over 400 species of macrofungi, some of which were uncommon to rare. These results can inform management to support fungal diversity in Pacific Northwest prairies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49743040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metatranscriptomic analyses of grapes reveal differences in expressed functional genes of filamentous and yeast fungi during noble rot and grey rot 葡萄的亚转录组学分析揭示了丝状真菌和酵母菌在高贵腐病和灰腐病期间表达功能基因的差异

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Fungal Ecology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101277

Margot Otto , József Geml , Ádám I. Hegyi , Júlia Hegyi-Kaló , József Kun , Attila Gyenesei , Kálmán Z. Váczy

{"title":"Metatranscriptomic analyses of grapes reveal differences in expressed functional genes of filamentous and yeast fungi during noble rot and grey rot","authors":"Margot Otto , József Geml , Ádám I. Hegyi , Júlia Hegyi-Kaló , József Kun , Attila Gyenesei , Kálmán Z. Váczy","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Botrytis cinerea</em> is a necrotrophic fungus causing grey rot (GR) with crucial economic losses in fruit crops. It can also cause the desired noble rot (NR) in grape berries used to produce botrytized wines. In both states, <em>B. cinerea</em> is associated with several other fungi, but the functional role of these is still poorly understood. Metatranscriptomic data was generated from healthy (H), noble rot (NR) and grey rot (GR) grape berries and RNA-seq reads were aligned to the most prevalent filamentous fungi and yeasts based on previous culture-based studies. Differential enrichment analyses and pathway enrichment analyses revealed that all filamentous fungi and yeasts are most active in NR, besides GR and H berries. Beside <em>B. cinerea</em>, several functional genes of other fungi were linked to well-known physico-chemical changes in NR berries and to the production of antagonistic interaction genes. Our study demonstrates the complex interaction dynamics of the grape microbiome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49743108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Size, age, and insights into establishment, dynamics and persistence of fairy rings in the Laramie Basin, Wyoming 怀俄明州拉勒米盆地仙女环的大小，年龄和建立，动态和持久性的见解

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Fungal Ecology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101272

Steven L. Miller, Abbie Gongloff

{"title":"Size, age, and insights into establishment, dynamics and persistence of fairy rings in the Laramie Basin, Wyoming","authors":"Steven L. Miller, Abbie Gongloff","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aerial photos and Google Earth images of the Laramie Basin in Wyoming were used to measure size, and calculate species-specific growth rates and ages for 304 rings comprising eight species of fairy ring forming fungi. Estimated age was used to explore establishment, dynamics and persistence in relation to historic precipitation and drought data. Size of fairy rings ranged from 4 to 272 meters, and age from 15 to 522 years. 90% of all rings were younger than 80 years. Species-specific growth rates varied from 0.131 to 0.364 meters per year. All fairy ring species became established over a wide range of precipitation, although most rings established during years with 25–30 centimeters of precipitation. Little correlation was observed between establishment and precipitation patterns for some fungi, however others exhibited a significant relationship between year of establishment and both August precipitation and the Palmer Modified Drought Index. Expansion of one large ring was followed for 75 years. These data demonstrate that turnover in fairy rings is quite high and that fairy ring fungi can establish over a wide range of moisture levels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49743170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of stand thinning, former land use and individual tree parameters on wood inhabiting fungal community composition in young living Norway spruce 林分间伐、原土地利用和单株参数对挪威云杉幼木寄生真菌群落组成的影响

IF 2.9 3区环境科学与生态学

Fungal Ecology Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101281

Darta Klavina , Leho Tedersoo , Ahto Agan , Astra Zaluma , Kriss Bitenieks , Kaspars Polmanis , Mudrite Daugaviete , Talis Gaitnieks , Rein Drenkhan

{"title":"Effect of stand thinning, former land use and individual tree parameters on wood inhabiting fungal community composition in young living Norway spruce","authors":"Darta Klavina , Leho Tedersoo , Ahto Agan , Astra Zaluma , Kriss Bitenieks , Kaspars Polmanis , Mudrite Daugaviete , Talis Gaitnieks , Rein Drenkhan","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigated the wood fungal community composition in stems of living Norway spruce (<em>Picea abies</em> (L.) Karst.) trees in 20–40 year-old forest stands from Latvia that differed in recent management history (stands with or without thinning) and former land use (former agricultural or former forest lands). Fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) amplicons of DNA extracted from wood were sequenced to assess wood fungal communities. <em>Alternaria, Ascocoryne, Didymella, Heterobasidion, Ophiostoma, Orbilia, Pesotum, Phoma</em> and <em>Pseudocercosporella</em> were the dominant wood pathogen and wood saprotroph genera in the analysed samples. PERMANOVA analysis identified some differences in fungal communities among site types analysed (p < 0.001); tree height and presence/absence of rot in the wood samples (mainly <em>Heterobasidion</em> rot) significantly influenced fungal community composition (p < 0.001). Significant negative co-occurrence (p < 0.05) was observed between <em>Heterobasidion</em> and <em>Ascocoryne</em> genera indicating the differing wood colonizing niches of these taxa. Both stand level factors, such as management history and former land use, and tree level parameters are significant for wood inhabiting fungal communities of living spruces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 101281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49743270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0