Fungal Genetics and Biology最新文献

{"title":"Microevolution of Candida glabrata (Nakaseomyces glabrata) during an infection","authors":"Ana L. López-Marmolejo ,&nbsp;Marco J. Hernández-Chávez ,&nbsp;Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Escobedo ,&nbsp;M. Selene Herrera-Basurto ,&nbsp;Héctor M. Mora-Montes ,&nbsp;Alejandro De Las Peñas ,&nbsp;Irene Castaño","doi":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Candida glabrata</em> (<em>Nakaseomyces glabrata</em>) is an emergent and opportunistic fungal pathogen that colonizes and persists in different niches within its human host. In this work, we studied five clinical isolates from one patient (P7), that have a clonal origin, and all of which come from blood cultures except one, P7-3, obtained from a urine culture. We found phenotypic variation such as sensitivity to high temperature, oxidative stress, susceptibility to two classes of antifungal agents, and cell wall porosity. Only isolate P7-3 is highly resistant to the echinocandin caspofungin while the other four isolates from P7 are sensitive. However, this same isolate P7-3, is the only one that displays susceptibility to fluconazole (FLC), while the rest of the isolates are resistant to this antifungal. We sequenced the <em>PDR1</em> gene which encodes a transcription factor required to induce the expression of several genes involved in the resistance to FLC and found that all the isolates encode for the same Pdr1 amino acid sequence except for the last isolate P7-5, which contains a single amino acid change, G1099C in the putative Pdr1 transactivation domain. Consistent with the resistance to FLC, we found that the <em>CDR1</em> gene, encoding the main drug efflux pump in <em>C. glabrata</em>, is highly overexpressed in the FLC-resistant isolates, but not in the FLC-sensitive P7-3. In addition, the resistance to FLC observed in these isolates is dependent on the <em>PDR1</em> gene. Additionally, we found that all P7 isolates have a different proportion of cell wall carbohydrates compared to our standard strains CBS138 and BG14. In P7 isolates, mannan is the most abundant cell wall component, whereas β-glucan is the most abundant component in our standard strains. Consistently, all P7 isolates have a relatively low cell wall porosity compared to our standard strains.</p><p>These data show phenotypic and genotypic variability between clonal isolates from different niches within a single host, suggesting microevolution of <em>C. glabrata</em> during an infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55135,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Genetics and Biology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 103891"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140620989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decrypting biocontrol functions and application modes by genomes data of three Trichoderma Strains/Species","authors":"Shida Ji ,&nbsp;Bin Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Han ,&nbsp;Ning Kong ,&nbsp;Yongfeng Yang ,&nbsp;Yucheng Wang ,&nbsp;Zhihua Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Trichoderma</em> is an excellent biocontrol agent, but most <em>Trichoderma</em> genomes remained at the scaffold level, which greatly limits the research of biocontrol mechanism. Here, we reported the chromosome-level genome of <em>Trichoderma harzianum</em> CGMCC20739 (Tha739), <em>T. asperellum</em> CGMCC11653 (Tas653) and <em>T. atroviride</em> CGMCC40488 (Tat488), they were assembled into 7 chromosomes, genome size were 40 Mb (10,611 genes), 37.3 Mb (10,102 genes) and 36.3 Mb (9,896 genes), respectively. The positive selected genes of three strains were associated to response to stimulus, signaling transduction, immune system and localization. Furthermore, the number of transcription factors in Tha739, Tas653 and Tat488 strains had significant difference, which may contribute to the differential biocontrol function and stress tolerance. The genes related to signal transduction and gene clusters related to antimicrobial compounds in Tha739 were more than those in Tas653 and Tat488, which showed Tha739 may keenly sense other fungi and quickly secret antimicrobial compounds to inhibit other fungi. Tha739 also contained more genes associated to detoxification, antioxidant and nutrition utilization, indicating it had higher stress-tolerance to hostile environments. And the substrate for synthesizing IAA in Tha739 was mainly 3-indole acetonitrile and indole acetaldehyde, but in Tat488, it was indole-3-acetamide, moreover, Tha739 secreted more phosphatase and phytase and was more related to soil phosphorus metabolism, Tat488 secreted more urease and was more related to soil nitrogen metabolism. These candidate genes related to biocontrol function and stress-tolerance laid foundations for construction of functional strains. All above proved the difference in biocontrol function of Tha739, Tas653 and Tat488 strains, however, the defects in individual strains could be compensated for through <em>Trichoderma</em>-biome during the commercial application process of biocontrol <em>Trichoderma</em> strains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55135,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Genetics and Biology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 103889"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal microtubule organizing centers are evolutionarily unstable structures","authors":"Adam Grazzini,&nbsp;Ann M. Cavanaugh","doi":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103885","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For most Eukaryotic species the requirements of cilia formation dictate the structure of microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs). In this study we find that loss of cilia corresponds to loss of evolutionary stability for fungal MTOCs. We used iterative search algorithms to identify proteins homologous to those found in <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>, and <em>Schizosaccharomyces pombe</em> MTOCs, and calculated site-specific rates of change for those proteins that were broadly phylogenetically distributed. Our results indicate that both the protein composition of MTOCs as well as the sequence of MTOC proteins are poorly conserved throughout the fungal kingdom. To begin to reconcile this rapid evolutionary change with the rigid structure and essential function of the <em>S. cerevisiae</em> MTOC we further analyzed how structural interfaces among proteins influence the rates of change for specific residues within a protein. We find that a more stable protein may stabilize portions of an interacting partner where the two proteins are in contact. In summary, while the protein composition and sequences of the MTOC may be rapidly changing the proteins within the structure have a stabilizing effect on one another. Further exploration of fungal MTOCs will expand our understanding of how changes in the functional needs of a cell have affected physical structures, proteomes, and protein sequences throughout fungal evolution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55135,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Genetics and Biology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 103885"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140133278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of plant-derived sugars and lipids are coupled during colonization of rhizoplane and rhizosphere by the fungus Metarhizium robertsii","authors":"Jin Dai ,&nbsp;Xingyuan Tang ,&nbsp;Congcong Wu,&nbsp;Shuxing Liu,&nbsp;Wubin Mi,&nbsp;Weiguo Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plant-derived sugars and lipids are key nutritional sources for plant associated fungi. However, the relationship between utilization of host-derived sugars and lipids during development of the symbiotic association remains unknown. Here we show that the fungus <em>Metarhizium robertsii</em> also needs plant-derived lipids to develop symbiotic relationship with plants. The fatty acid binding proteins FABP1 and FABP2 are important for utilization of plant-derived lipids as the deletion of <em>Fabp1</em> and <em>Fabp2</em> significantly reduced the ability of <em>M. robertsii</em> to colonize rhizoplane and rhizosphere of maize and <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>. Deleting <em>Fabp1</em> and <em>Fabp2</em> increased sugar utilization by upregulating six sugar transporters, and this explains why deleting the monosaccharide transporter gene <em>Mst1</em>, which plays an important role in utilization of plant-derived sugars, had no impact on the ability of the double-gene deletion mutant <em>ΔFabp1::ΔFabp2</em> to colonize plant roots. FABP1 and FABP2 were also found in other plant-associated <em>Metarhizium</em> species, and they were highly expressed in the medium using the tomato root exudate as the sole carbon and nitrogen source, suggesting that they could be also important for these species to develop symbiotic relationship with plants. In conclusion, we discovered that utilization of plant-derived sugars and lipids are coupled during colonization of rhizoplane and rhizosphere by <em>M. robertsii</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55135,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Genetics and Biology","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 103886"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140121877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordination of two regulators SscA and VosA in Aspergillus nidulans conidia","authors":"Ye-Eun Son ,&nbsp;Hee-Soo Park","doi":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Airborne fungal spores are a major cause of fungal diseases in humans, animals, and plants as well as contamination of foods. Previous studies found a variety of regulators including VosA, VelB, WetA, and SscA for sporogenesis and the long-term viability in <em>Aspergillus nidulans.</em> To gain a mechanistic understanding of the complex regulatory mechanisms in asexual spores, here, we focused on the relationship between VosA and SscA using comparative transcriptomic analysis and phenotypic studies. The Δ<em>sscA</em> Δ<em>vosA</em> double-mutant conidia have lower spore viability and stress tolerance compared to the Δ<em>sscA</em> or Δ<em>vosA</em> single mutant conidia. Deletion of <em>sscA</em> or <em>vosA</em> affects chitin levels and mRNA levels of chitin biosynthetic genes in conidia. In addition, SscA and VosA are required for the dormant state of conidia and conidial germination by modulating the mRNA levels of the cytoskeleton and development-associated genes. Overall, these results suggest that SscA and VosA play interdependent roles in governing spore maturation, dormancy, and germination in <em>A. nidulans</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55135,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Genetics and Biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 103877"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140041825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genus Acrophialophora: History, phylogeny, morphology, beneficial effects and pathogenicity","authors":"Zoha Daroodi,&nbsp;Parissa Taheri","doi":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103875","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103875","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The genus <em>Acrophialophora</em> is a thermotolerant fungus, which is widely distributed in temperate and tropical zones. This fungus is classified in Ascomycota and belongs to the Chaetomiaceae family and the genera of <em>Parathielavia</em>, <em>Pseudothielavia</em> and <em>Hyalosphaerella</em> are closely related to <em>Acrophialophora.</em> For this genus have been reported 28 species so far, which two species of <em>Acrophialophora jodhpurensis</em> and <em>Acrophialophora teleoafricana</em> produce only sexual phase and other species produce asexual form. Therefore, producing both sexual and asexual forms were not reported by any species. Many applications were reported by some species in agriculture, pharmacy and industry. Production of enzymes, antimicrobial metabolites and plant growth-promoting factors were reported by some species. The species of <em>A. nainiana</em> is used in the industries of textile, fruit juice, pulp and paper due to extracellular enzyme production. Also, other species produce extracellular enzymes that can be used in various industries. The species <em>Acrophialophora</em> are used in the composting industry due to the production of various enzymes and to be thermotolerant. In addition, some species were isolated from hostile environmental conditions. Therefore has been suggested that it can be used for mycoremediation. Also, antimicrobial metabolites of <em>Acrophialophora</em> have been reported to be effective against human and plant pathogens. In contrast to the beneficial effects described, the <em>Acrophialophora</em> pathogenicity has been rarely reported. Two species <em>A. fusispora</em> and <em>A. levis</em> are opportunistic fungi and have been reported as pathogens in humans, animals and plants. Currently, the development and applications of <em>Acrophialophora</em> species have increased more than past. To our knowledge, there is no report with comprehensive information on the species of <em>Acrophialophora</em>, which include their disadvantage and beneficial effects, particularly in agriculture. Therefore, it seems necessary to pay more in-depth attention to the application of this genus as a beneficial fungus in agriculture, pharmaceutical and industry. This review is focused on the history, phylogeny, morphology, valuable roles of <em>Acrophialophora</em> and pathogenicity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55135,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Genetics and Biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 103875"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139881880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The serine-threonine protein kinase Snf1 orchestrates the expression of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes and is required for full virulence of the maize pathogen Colletotrichum graminicola","authors":"Alan de Oliveira Silva ,&nbsp;Bennet Rohan Fernando Devasahayam ,&nbsp;Lala Aliyeva-Schnorr ,&nbsp;Chirlei Glienke ,&nbsp;Holger B. Deising","doi":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103876","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103876","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Colletotrichum graminicola, the causal agent of maize leaf anthracnose and stalk rot, differentiates a pressurized infection cell called an appressorium in order to invade the epidermal cell, and subsequently forms biotrophic and necrotrophic hyphae to colonize the host tissue. While the role of force in appressorial penetration is established (<span>Bechinger et al., 1999</span>), the involvement of cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs) in this process and in tissue colonization is poorly understood, due to the enormous number and functional redundancy of these enzymes. The serine/threonine protein kinase gene <em>SNF1</em> identified in Sucrose Non-Fermenting yeast mutants mediates de-repression of catabolite-repressed genes, including many genes encoding CWDEs. In this study, we identified and functionally characterized the <em>SNF1</em> homolog of <em>C. graminicola</em>. Δ<em>snf1</em> mutants showed reduced vegetative growth and asexual sporulation rates on media containing polymeric carbon sources. Microscopy revealed reduced efficacies in appressorial penetration of cuticle and epidermal cell wall, and formation of unusual medusa-like biotrophic hyphae by Δ<em>snf1</em> mutants. Severe and moderate virulence reductions were observed on intact and wounded leaves, respectively. Employing RNA-sequencing we show for the first time that more than 2,500 genes are directly or indirectly controlled by Snf1 in necrotrophic hyphae of a plant pathogenic fungus, many of which encode xylan- and cellulose-degrading enzymes. The data presented show that Snf1 is a global regulator of gene expression and is required for full virulence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55135,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Genetics and Biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 103876"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139821072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Pmk1, Mpk1, or Hog1 in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway of Aspergillus cristatus","authors":"Lulu Liu ,&nbsp;Longyue Li ,&nbsp;Fengyi Li ,&nbsp;Wei Ma ,&nbsp;Wei Guo ,&nbsp;Xu Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Aspergillus cristatus</em> is a probiotic fungus known for its safety and abundant secondary metabolites, making it a promising candidate for various applications. However, limited progress has been made in researching <em>A. cristatus</em> due to challenges in genetic manipulation. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway is involved in numerous physiological processes, but its specific role in <em>A. cristatus</em> remains unclear. In this study, we successfully developed an efficient polyethylene glycol (PEG)–mediated protoplast transformation method for <em>A. cristatus</em>, enabling us to investigate the function of Pmk1, Mpk1, and Hog1 in the MAPK signaling pathway. Our findings revealed that Pmk1, Mpk1, and Hog1 are crucial for sexual reproduction, melanin synthesis, and response to external stress in <em>A. cristatus</em>. Notably, the deletion of Pmk1, Mpk1, or Hog1 resulted in the loss of sexual reproduction capability in <em>A. cristatus</em>. Overall, this research on MAPK will contribute to the continued understanding of the reproductive strategy and melanin synthesis mechanism of <em>A. cristatus.</em></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55135,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Genetics and Biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 103874"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139657492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RHO-3 plays a significant role in hyphal extension rate, conidiation, and the integrity of the Spitzenkörper in Neurospora crassa","authors":"Martha M. Ornelas-Llamas ,&nbsp;Luis L. Pérez-Mozqueda ,&nbsp;Olga A. Callejas-Negrete ,&nbsp;Ernestina Castro-Longoria","doi":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Rho family of monomeric GTPases act as signaling proteins to establish and maintain cell polarity and other essential cellular processes. Rho3 is a GTPase of the Rho family that is exclusive of fungi that regulate cell polarity in yeast. However, studies have yet to explore its function in filamentous fungi. In this work, we investigated the role of RHO-3 in the model organism <em>Neurospora crassa</em>. Confocal microscopy analysis revealed that RHO-3 localizes in the outer region of the Spitzenkörper (Spk), in the plasma membrane from region II to the beginning of region III, and in the septa of mature hyphae. The phenotypic effect of the <em>rho-3</em> deletion was analyzed. The results revealed that the <em>rho-3</em> null strain showed severe defects in growth rate, aerial hyphae length, and conidia production. The organization of the Spk is also affected in the absence of RHO-3. Co-expression analysis of GFP-RHO-3 with glucan synthase 1 (GS-1-mChFP) and chitin synthase 1 (CHS-1-mChFP) revealed that RHO-3 localizes in the external region of the Spk in the macrovesicles zone. In summary, our results suggest that RHO-3 is not essential for the polarized growth of hyphae but plays a significant role in hyphal extension rate, conidiation, sexual reproduction and the integrity of the Spk, possibly regulating the delivery of macrovesicles to the apical dome.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55135,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Genetics and Biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 103873"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139517715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AwSclB regulates a network for Aspergillus westerdijkiae asexual sporulation and secondary metabolism independent of the fungal light control","authors":"Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Yibing Liu ,&nbsp;Yafan Hu ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Pan ,&nbsp;Zifan Wei ,&nbsp;Bowen Tai ,&nbsp;Bolei Yang ,&nbsp;Erfeng Li ,&nbsp;Fuguo Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fgb.2024.103865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a prevalent pathogenic fungus, <em>Aspergillus westerdijkiae</em> poses a threat to both food safety and human health. The fungal growth, conidia production and ochratoxin A (OTA) in <em>A. weterdijkiae</em> are regulated by many factors especially transcription factors. In this study, a transcription factor <em>AwSclB</em> in <em>A. westerdijkiae</em> was identified and its function in asexual sporulation and OTA biosynthesis was investigated. In addition, the effect of light control on <em>AwSclB</em> regulation was also tested. The deletion of <em>AwSclB</em> gene could reduce conidia production by down-regulation of conidia genes and increase OTA biosynthesis by up-regulation of cluster genes, regardless under light or dark conditions. It is worth to note that the inhibitory effect of light on OTA biosynthesis was reversed by the knockout of <em>AwSclB</em> gene. The yeast one-hybrid assay indicated that <em>AwSclB</em> could interact with the promoters of <em>BrlA</em>, <em>ConJ</em> and <em>OtaR1</em> genes. This result suggests that <em>AwSclB</em> in <em>A. westerdijkiae</em> can directly regulate asexual conidia formation by activating the central developmental pathway <em>BrlA-AbaA-WetA</em> through up-regulating the expression of <em>AwBrlA</em>, and promote the light response of the strain by activating <em>ConJ</em>. However, <em>AwSclB</em> itself is unable to respond to light regulation. This finding will deepen our understanding of the molecular regulation of <em>A. westerdijkiae</em> development and secondary metabolism, and provide potential targets for the development of new fungicides.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55135,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Genetics and Biology","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 103865"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139509204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}