Global and Planetary Change最新文献

{"title":"Nannoplankton response indicates intra-OAE2 cooling (Plenus Cold Event) in southeastern Tethys (Qiangdong, Tibet)","authors":"Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Hanwei Yao ,&nbsp;Paul R. Bown ,&nbsp;Huifang Guo ,&nbsp;Kaibo Han ,&nbsp;Cinzia Bottini ,&nbsp;Chengshan Wang ,&nbsp;Xi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2, ~93.9 Ma) was a period of rapid global environmental change and one of the warmest intervals in the Phanerozoic. Despite its global significance, we still know little about the effects of this greenhouse event from the shallow marine shelf environments of the Southern Hemisphere. Here, we present a paleoenvironmental reconstruction from the eastern Tethys Ocean based on calcareous nannofossil paleoecological records from an OAE2 section (Qiangdong) in southern Tibet. Our nannofossil temperature index indicates onset of warming ca. 75 kyrs before the OAE2, peaking in the early OAE, but followed soon (~60 kyr after the OAE onset) by a phase of climatic instability. This cool interval correlates well with the Plenus Cold Event (PCE), previously documented in the Northern Hemisphere (e.g., western Europe). The PCE cooling is followed by further warming in the later OAE, continuing into the post-OAE2 early Turonian interval consistent with peak warmth of the Cretaceous thermal maximum (KTM). A calcareous nannofossil productivity index reveals dynamic surface water productivity trends with maximum values during the PCE cool interval indicating that sequestration of CO₂ through elevated marine primary productivity was likely an important feedback during this carbon cycle perturbation event.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 104922"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydroclimate and environmental changes associated with GS-20 and the Toba eruption in the Indo-Pacific region","authors":"Shufang Yuan ,&nbsp;Chi Dung Nguyen ,&nbsp;Shaoneng He ,&nbsp;Van Ha Vu ,&nbsp;Chuan-Chou Shen ,&nbsp;Dinh Lam Doan ,&nbsp;Xianfeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite being the largest volcanic eruption of the Quaternary period, the climatic and environmental impacts of the Toba eruption remain debated. Its potential connection to glacial stadial 20 (GS-20), a major episode of abrupt cooling, also remains unresolved. Here, we reconstruct changes in regional hydroclimate and vegetation-soil productivity between 68,000 and 79,500 years ago using speleothem oxygen and carbon isotopic ratios (δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C) from Central Vietnam and compare these data with regional and global speleothem records to evaluate the role of Toba eruption in driving climatic shifts associated with GS-20. The Central Vietnam records reveal a delayed onset of GS-20 hydroclimate response, which emerged only after the temperature- and/or volcanic-driven productivity decline associated with the Toba eruption. Comparisons with regional and global speleothem records corroborate widespread ecosystem productivity changes during the eruption period, and a delayed low-latitude hydroclimate response to GS-20 relative to mid-latitudes, which likely reflects prolonged disruptions to coupled ocean–atmosphere circulation triggered by the eruption. Utilizing a meridional transect of Indo-Pacific speleothem δ¹⁸O records, we demonstrate that regional Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) experienced prominent southward migration and overall weakened convection during the glacial stadials, which was accompanied by expansion in the peripheral of its seasonal extent and contraction in its core region. Our findings underscore the complex ocean-atmosphere interaction and non-linear responses of the ITCZ to volcanic and North Atlantic forcing, refining our insights into the climatic and environmental impact of volcanic eruptions as well as predictions of future volcanic impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 104909"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144329796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Millennial-scale surface water mass changes between the North Atlantic subpolar and subtropical gyre since the last glacial-interglacial cycle","authors":"Min Zeng ,&nbsp;Harunur Rashid ,&nbsp;Sean Lodestro ,&nbsp;Jens Gruetzner","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reconstructed the movement of surface water masses and oceanographic fronts from the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) sites U1314 and U1313 in the central North Atlantic Ocean to explore the dynamics of the North Atlantic subpolar gyre (SPG) to subtropical gyre (STG) during the last glacial-interglacial cycle. Records were generated by X-ray fluorescence scanning and water masses were identified by the planktonic foraminiferal census, ice-rafted detritus (IRD) counting, and foraminiferal δ¹⁸O. Data suggest that the STG expanded northward during the MIS 5e peak and early Holocene. As a result, the subtropical water masses mainly affected the STG, while North Atlantic transitional waters (NATW) primarily impacted the SPG. <em>Neogloboquadrina pachyderma</em> increased slightly during MIS 5b and 5d at the STG Site U1313. In contrast, six millennial-scale cold events, in which the <em>N. pachyderma</em> ranges from 50 to 100 % in the eastern SPG Site U1314, suggest a high-frequency variability of subpolar to polar water masses during MIS 5d-5a. In the early phase of MIS 3, the impact of the NATW extended to Site U1314, while the subtropical waters seasonally impacted the STG Site U1313. The entire oceanographic fronts (i.e., PF, AF, SAF, and AzF) migrated southward during the mid-MIS 3, with the polar waters invading the SPG and the subpolar waters invading the STG. The higher (~46 %) North Atlantic transition species at the STG Site U1313 and the high (80–90 %) polar species at the SPG Site U1314 reflect significant hydrographic differences between the STG and SPG during the Last Glacial Maximum. The Polar/Arctic waters influenced the SPG, while the warm NATW influenced the STG, most likely due to the southward movement of the PF to mid-latitude. The subarctic front moved south of Site U1313, and the AF moved south of Site U1314 during the Heinrich events at Site U1313 and their equivalent IRD events at Site U1314. This study demonstrates dynamic changes in the surface water masses between the subpolar and subtropical gyres of the North Atlantic for the first time during the last glacial cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 104921"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change and cascading effects on nomadic societies in the Mongolian Steppe (16th–18th Century)","authors":"Likun Han ,&nbsp;Zhixin Hao ,&nbsp;Xunming Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Danfeng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of historical climate change on human societal processes through its influence on ecosystems remains unclear, particularly in the pastoral regions inhabited by nomadic civilizations. This study addresses this issue by examining the complex cascading effects between climate systems, grassland ecosystems, and nomadic social systems, based on climate change, grassland productivity, and the historical development of nomadic societies in the Mongolian grasslands during the 16th to 18th centuries. By reconstructing historical variations in temperature, precipitation, grassland net primary productivity (NPP), grazing carrying capacity, and population dynamics, this study reveals the profound impacts of declining temperature and precipitation during the Little Ice Age on the Mongolian grassland ecosystems and social systems. The study finds that in the 1550s, temperatures in the eastern and central Mongolian steppe dropped by 0.6–0.7 °C, which may have provided the environmental backdrop for the southward movement of the Mongolian Left Wing tribes and their increased trade interactions with southern agrarian societies. Between the 1590s and 1650s, climate change led to an 8 %–30 % decline in grazing carrying capacity across various pastoral regions compared to the 16th-century average, constituting a natural resource factor behind the widespread migration and turmoil of nomadic societies across the steppe. From the 1660s to the 1790s, grazing capacity in these regions increased again by 9 %–28 %, marking a period of renewed stability for nomadic societies on the steppe. This study also compares the social upheavals in the Mongolian grasslands with the global climate crises of the 17th century, finding that the historical changes in the Mongolian grasslands reflect the broader impacts of global climate fluctuations on the social transformations of pastoral nomadic civilizations. The transmission mechanism established in this study, in which climate change influences grassland ecosystems and subsequently impacts nomadic societies, not only sheds light on the role of climate change in historical nomadic societies but also deepens our understanding of the relationship between pre-industrial climate and human civilization development. Moreover, the findings of this study provide historical insights for the dynamic development of livestock farming under the current context of climate change in future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 104915"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of gas fluxes from Yokosuka hydrothermal field in the western Pacific Ocean based on in situ observations","authors":"Lianfu Li ,&nbsp;Peiwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Xing ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Xu ,&nbsp;Zhendong Luan ,&nbsp;Zengfeng Du ,&nbsp;Shichuan Xi ,&nbsp;Siyu Wang ,&nbsp;Wanying He ,&nbsp;Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hydrothermal system annually releases a significant amount of gases into the ocean, serving as a crucial factor influencing marine chemical composition and material cycling. The western Pacific region boasts abundant hydrothermal activities, characterized by exceptionally high concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane in hydrothermal fluids due to the interplay of subduction processes and substantial terrestrial input. Such characteristics are scarcely observed in other global hydrothermal regions. However, as of now, there exists no convincingly established dataset for the quantification of carbon dioxide, methane, and other components released through the hydrothermal system in the western Pacific Ocean. In this study, we conducted comprehensive <em>in situ</em> exploration at the Yokosuka hydrothermal field in the western Pacific during the open research cruise NORC2021–582 implemented by R/<em>V</em> “<em>Dongfanghong</em> 3”. <em>In situ</em> Raman spectroscopy was employed to determine the gas composition concentrations of fluids in both the hydrothermal diffuse flow area and the focused flow area. Fluid flow velocities from different vents and the areas of different types of hydrothermal eruption zones were quantified using a turbine flowmeter, high-definition video analysis, and ultra-short baseline positioning techniques. Ultimately, the gas fluxes of CH₄, CO₂, and H₂S in the Yokosuka hydrothermal field were quantitatively assessed as 1.8 × 10⁸ to 2.5 × 10⁹, 2.8 × 10⁹ to 3.8 × 10¹⁰, and 2.0 × 10⁸ to 2.7 × 10⁹ mol/year, respectively, and the heat flux was estimated at 1.7 × 10¹⁰ to 2.1 × 10¹¹ MJ/year. Notably, the gas and heat fluxes from the diffuse flow area accounted for more than 80–90 % of the total volatile and thermal output across the hydrothermal field, clearly dominating the mass and energy transfer to the surrounding seawater and playing a pivotal role in sustaining the hydrothermal ecosystem. Hydrodynamic analysis reveals that under the influence of hydrothermal plumes, the Yokosuka hydrothermal field experiences a higher turbulent kinetic dissipation rate in the deep region, specifically between approximately 1600 to 1900 m, peaking at 10⁻⁵ W/kg. In the surface and intermediate layers of the hydrothermal area, the Kuroshio Current transports Yokosuka hydrothermal materials northeastward, while its impact on material transport in the deep water is relatively minor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 104919"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"U-Li Isotopes highlight the dominant role of glacier coverage in weathering processes across Northeast Tibetan Plateau glacial watersheds","authors":"Xiaoyu Jiao ,&nbsp;Zhiwen Dong ,&nbsp;Giovanni Baccolo ,&nbsp;Xiang Qin ,&nbsp;Yaping Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates uranium (U) and lithium (Li) isotope fractionation in suspended particulate matter (SPM) from glacial basins in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, aiming to explore the coupling between physical and chemical weathering processes under glacial influence. The (²³⁴U/²³⁸U) activity ratio is correlated with parameters related to glacial activity, such as the elevation of the basin and glacier area. Samples from glacial watersheds are enriched in ²³⁴U (mean 1.28 ± 0.11), indicating the efficient comminution of rocks. Conversely, non-glacial areas show lower (²³⁴U/²³⁸U) ratios due to weakened physical weathering (mean 1.09 ± 0.04). The Li isotopes are sensitive to chemical weathering, providing complimentary information to U isotopes. In glacial watersheds, the variation of δ⁷Li_SP is minimal and compatible with the signature of unaltered bedrock (mean 1.58 ± 0.87 ‰). Samples from lower basins show a stronger fractionation (mean − 2.61 ± 1.26 ‰), pointing to a stronger chemical weathering. As for U, Li fractionation is also related to topographic variables influencing the degree of glacial activity. Where glaciers are active, physical weathering fractionates U isotopes but no Li isotopes. Where glaciers are not present, physical weathering is less important, while chemical alteration is more relevant, leading to a low fractionation of U isotopes and a strong fractionation of Li isotopes. The combined use of U and Li isotopes offers an effective tool for tracing weathering regimes shaped by geomorphic and climatic factors, highlighting the role of glaciers in silicate weathering and landscape evolution, and demonstrating the proxies' potential for reconstructing recent glacial weathering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 104918"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asynchronous modes of paleofire occurrence in eastern monsoonal China since the LGM","authors":"Menglin Song ,&nbsp;John Dodson ,&nbsp;Scott Mooney ,&nbsp;Ge Shi ,&nbsp;Hong Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wildfire is a key environmental influence on ecosystems, global and regional climates, and human societies. Reconstructing past fire histories and investigating the relationships between wildfires, vegetation, and climate are crucial for understanding the long-term patterns of fire regimes and predicting future wildfire risks. Although there has been considerable research on local fire events, consideration of regional-scale fire over extended timescales is not well covered in China. In this study, we synthesized 70 proxy records of past fire, including charcoal and black carbon, from eastern monsoonal China, since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21–18 ka BP) to investigate the spatiotemporal patterns in fire history. Our results reveal an asynchronous pattern in fire activity between southern and northern China. In southern China, higher fire activity occurred during the LGM, Younger Dryas (12.8–11.6 ka BP) event and early Holocene (11–7 ka BP), corresponding to periods of drier climate, and suggesting that fire regimes were enhanced by lower precipitation there. In contrast, fire activity in northern China increased during the Bølling-Allerød (B/A, 14.8–12.9 ka BP) warming and the mid-Holocene, with peak activity associated with wetter periods that probably promoted plant growth, highlighting the role of biomass as fuels for fire events. Regional fires might be attributed to precipitation control modulated by regulating the combustibility and availability of fuels. Furthermore, El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability creates episodes of drought and rain by increasing or decreasing the intensity of the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM), and is therefore likely linked to wildfire dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 104912"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetation successional dynamics and floristic similarity across various glacier forelands in the third pole","authors":"Wei Tianfeng ,&nbsp;Shen Xia ,&nbsp;Shangguan Donghui ,&nbsp;Yi Shuhua ,&nbsp;Jiao Jirong","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glacier forelands provide ideal natural laboratories for studying primary vegetation succession. However, understanding of vegetation dynamics on glacier forelands in the Third Pole (TP) region remains limited. In this study, we employed field sampling and aerial photography to investigate key vegetation parameters (species composition, species diversity, and fractional vegetation cover (FVC)) along chronosequences on nine representative glacier forelands of the TP, spanning continental, subcontinental, and maritime glacier types, then analyzed vegetation changes along successional gradients and assessed floristic similarity both within and among the glacier forelands. Our results showed that species diversity and FVC generally exhibited increasing trends, with fluctuations from young to old forelands. These parameters increased more rapidly on maritime glacier forelands. Plant life-forms were similar during the early stages across all forelands but began to diverge as succession progressed, particularly between different glacier types. Furthermore, floristic similarity was observed between glacier forelands, with the highest similarity occurring between forelands of the same glacier type in adjacent geographic locations. Our findings highlight the critical roles of local climate and geographic factors in shaping proglacial ecosystems and flora, providing a scientific basis for understanding the effects of climate change on proglacial ecosystems and guiding biodiversity conservation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"252 ","pages":"Article 104916"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How does advection contribution to precipitation in Eastern China behave during different types and phases of ENSO events? Using a stable isotope approach","authors":"Peiyi Peng ,&nbsp;Di Xu ,&nbsp;Yiming Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyi Shi ,&nbsp;Shiliang Zhou ,&nbsp;Shaobo Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiacheng Chen ,&nbsp;Yingpin Yang ,&nbsp;Wenyuan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the most pronounced interannual climatic phenomenon, different types and phases of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have distinct impacts on precipitation in Eastern China by various atmospheric circulation and moisture transport. However seldom studies have focused on the response in the sources of Eastern China precipitation to different types and phases of ENSO. The objective of this study is to investigate the impacts of ENSO types (central Pacific warming, i.e., CPW; eastern Pacific cooling, i.e., EPC, eastern Pacific warming, i.e., EPW) and phases (developing and decaying phases) on the advection source of summer precipitation in Eastern China. Isotope-enabled general circulation models (LMDZiso) and bias correction methods are employed to construct a long-term precipitation isoscape. The three-component mixing model is used to estimate the percentage of advection in precipitation from 1979 to 2016. A Gaussian first-order approach is utilized for investigating the uncertainty involved. Results show that discrepancies between observations and raw simulations could be reduced by bias correction methods. Furthermore, the variations of advection fraction to precipitation during EPC events are opposite of that observed during EPW events and CPW events. During EPW and CPW events, the contributions of advection vapor to precipitation for developing phases (69 % - 81 % for EPW; 71 % - 84 % for CPW) are lower than that for decaying phases (85 % - 98 % for EPW; 82 % - 96 % for CPW) over the study area. This might be attributed to the strength and movement of the western North Pacific anti-cyclone. Precipitating vapor contributes the most to overall uncertainty, followed by advection vapor, evaporation vapor and then transpiration vapor, owing to the largest variances of isotopic compositions in precipitating vapor activities. Overall, this study provides more detailed information on the response of precipitation sources to the types and phases of ENSO.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 104907"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal and interannual variability of Karakoram glacier surface albedo from AVHRR-MODIS data, 1982–2020","authors":"Fuming Xie ,&nbsp;Shiyin Liu ,&nbsp;Tobias Bolch ,&nbsp;Yu Zhu ,&nbsp;Yongpeng Gao ,&nbsp;Shucheng Tan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Mannan Afzal ,&nbsp;Adnan A. Tahir ,&nbsp;Yiyuan Shen ,&nbsp;Jinyue Wei ,&nbsp;Kunpeng Wu ,&nbsp;Muhammad Saifullah","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Karakoram glaciers have exhibited anomalous stability amidst global glacier retreat, a phenomenon known as the “Karakoram anomaly”. However, recent observations suggest a potential weakening of this anomaly. Here, we analyze four decades (1982–2020) of AVHRR and MODIS satellite data to quantify glacier surface albedo changes and their linkages to glacier dynamics. Results reveal a significant decline in annual mean albedo across 65 % of the glaciated area, with pronounced reductions in the central Karakoram (−0.004 yr⁻¹) and northern slopes. Seasonal trends show accelerated summer-autumn darkening post-2000, driven by rising temperatures, reduced snowfall, and snow depth variability. Albedo decline correlates strongly with glacier mass loss, particularly at high elevations (&gt;5000 m a.s.l.), where accumulation zones now exhibit accelerated darkening. Surge-type and avalanche-fed glaciers demonstrate slower albedo declines, linked to ice-mass transportation or fresh snow deposition, highlighting their relationship with the glacier anomaly. The primary drivers of albedo changes, including snowfall, air temperature, and radiation flux, with snow depth and temperature contributing most significantly to interannual albedo variability. Black carbon and dust have a minimal effect on albedo changes, only influencing it during the drier months. Since 2000, the ablation season has been extended to ∼127 days, with earlier onset and delayed termination, leading to accelerated thinning and retreat. Mass balance reconstructions indicate a shift from slight positivity (0.06 ± 0.03 m w.e.a⁻¹, 1982–2019) to accelerated loss post-2005, signaling a transition toward regional glacier retreat. These findings underscore the critical role of albedo feedbacks in modulating the Karakoram Anomaly and highlight urgent needs to integrate albedo dynamics into glacio-hydrological models for sustainable water resource management in High Mountain Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 104914"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144230130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}