Head and Neck-Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Postoperative Outcomes in Two Lip-Splitting Approaches for Buccal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Ablation.","authors":"Maged Ali Al-Aroomi, Ye Liang, Jie Chen, Yiheng Feng, Liu Pei-Xuan, Canhua Jiang","doi":"10.1002/hed.28036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.28036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The choice of surgical access for resection and reconstruction of buccal squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) with the lip-splitting incision is controversial. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of midline lip split with lazy-S incision (MLSI) against the lateral lip-splitting incision (LLSI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review was conducted on 41 patients with primary BSCC who underwent resection and reconstruction using MLSI approach (n = 19) and LLSI approach (n = 22) between 2022 and 2024. Functional outcomes, including skin sensitivity testing, oral competency, lip movement, cold perception, and other relevant measures, were evaluated with appropriate scales. Functional satisfaction and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>None of the patients in either group demonstrated differences in sensation to light touch from baseline at 6 months postoperatively. Patients with MLSI approach reported higher lip function satisfaction (p = 0.037), and no patients in either group reported drooling. Besides, groove formation was significantly more common in the LLSI compared to the MLSI groups (50% vs. 15.8%, respectively; p = 0.046). A statistically significant difference was also observed in the self-assessment of mouth-opening movement among MLSI patients (p = 0.041). No significant differences were found in the mean POSAS scores, except that irregularity and surface area parameters were better in the MLSI group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Objective sensation deficits are reversible and do not impact long-term daily activities. The MLSI approach provides better postoperative outcomes and low disfigurement perception.</p>","PeriodicalId":55072,"journal":{"name":"Head and Neck-Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Failure Patterns Following Target Volume and Dose Reduction After Neoadjuvant Therapy in Locoregionally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Xiong Zhou, Zheng Wu, Zichen Qiu, Minchuan Lin, Yalan Tao, Yong Su","doi":"10.1002/hed.28037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.28037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In this study, we aimed to analyze the efficacy and failure patterns of contouring target volume based on the residual tumor and decreasing the dose to the area of tumor regression after neoadjuvant therapy in locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the patients with locoregionally advanced HNSCC treated by our group from May 2011 to June 2023. All patients received neoadjuvant therapy followed by intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Gross tumor volumes for the primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes were delineated according to postneoadjuvant extension. The tumor shrinkage after neoadjuvant therapy was included in the high-risk clinical target volume (CTV1) and prescribed a dose of 60 Gy. Kaplan-Meier analysis was employed to calculate local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), regional recurrence-free survival (RRFS), overall survival (OS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Failure patterns were analyzed by mapping the location and extent of locoregional recurrence onto pretreatment planning CT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included a total of 114 patients, with a median follow-up of 34 months. The 5-year LRFS, RRFS, OS, and DMFS rates were 70.2%, 70.7%, 74.8%, and 73.8%, respectively. Among the 14 patients with recurrences, there were 5 local failures, 6 regional recurrences, and 3 both local and regional recurrences. All local recurrences occurred within the 95% isodose line, classified as in-field failures. Only one regional recurrence was marginal failure. No out-of-field failure was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reduction of target volume after neoadjuvant therapy and distribution of 60 Gy of dose to the tumor regression area may be feasible.</p>","PeriodicalId":55072,"journal":{"name":"Head and Neck-Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Association Between Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Papillary Thyroid Cancer.","authors":"Adriana I Báez Berríos, Mathilda Monaghan, Margaret Brandwein-Weber, Maaike van Gerwen","doi":"10.1002/hed.28031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.28031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hashimoto's thyroiditis' (HT) impact on the aggressive lymph node (ALN) status of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains understudied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Univariate and multivariate analyses assessed PTC aggressiveness markers, comparing PTC + HT to PTC alone from a single center retrospectively. ALN categorization included > 5 positive, ≥ 1 > 3 cm, and/or ≥ 4 with extranodal extension lymph nodes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 533 patients with PTC, 19.1% concurrently had HT. Compared to PTC alone, PTC + HT patients were predominantly female (p < 0.001), younger (p = 0.034), non-smokers (p = 0.035), and had more pN0 stage tumors (p < 0.001). PTC + HT was associated with lower odds of pN1 stage (OR_adj, 0.50) and lymphatic invasion (OR_adj, 0.53). No significant differences were observed in ALN status, pT stage, lymphatic and perineural invasion, gross ETE, margin, and focality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ALN status does not differ between PTC with or without HT.</p>","PeriodicalId":55072,"journal":{"name":"Head and Neck-Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Effect of Patterns of Local Extension and Satellitosis in cT3 Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Tongue: A Prospective Observational Study.","authors":"Nausica Montalto, Simonetta Battocchio, Giacomo Contro, Piergiorgio Gaudioso, Francesca Mularoni, Alessandra Ruaro, Giulia Ramacciotti, Diego Cazzador, Giacomo Spinato, Andrea Luigi Camillo Carobbio, Stefano Taboni, Elisabetta Zanoletti, Cesare Piazza, Piero Nicolai, Marco Ferrari","doi":"10.1002/hed.28025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.28025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The anatomy of the tongue is three-dimensionally complex and is thought to play a central role in the local growth of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC). Understanding patterns of tumor extension could improve a multimodal therapeutic approach. Thus, the main aim of this study was to provide a histological and microanatomical analysis of surgical specimens after compartmental surgery for OTSCC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The present prospective observational study included primary cT3 OTSCC (according to the eighth edition of the TNM classification) treated in an academic tertiary referral center with curative compartmental surgery, from July 2016 to July 2019. Analysis of histologic macrosections allowed assessment of standard pathologic parameters as well as a detailed analysis of the position of OTSCC cells from microanatomic and topographic standpoints.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 28 patients included, 71.4% were males, with a mean age of 64.9 years. Nine (32.1%) patients presented satellitosis, which was always located within the T-N tract. OTSCCs displaying satellitosis had a significantly higher median pathologic depth of invasion (DOI). A radiologic and pathological DOI > 15 mm significantly predicted the presence of satellites. There was a significant relationship between the presence of satellites and both positive lymph nodes and distant metastases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Approximately one-third of cases of intermediate-to-advanced OTSCC are characterized by tumor satellites located in the T-N tract. DOI exceeding 15 mm and the presence of clinically appreciable nodal metastases best predict the presence of satellitosis. Satellite-bearing OTSCC behave more aggressively, with an increased risk of distant metastasis and reduced survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":55072,"journal":{"name":"Head and Neck-Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Utility of the PTeye Autofluorescence Detection Device During Parathyroidectomy for the Treatment of Primary Hyperparathyroidism.","authors":"Camila Mancera, Tonya S King, Brittany A Long, Tyler P Tufano, Ralph P Tufano","doi":"10.1002/hed.28030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.28030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluates the utility of PTeye autofluorescence (AF) technology in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review analyzed 232 patients undergoing first-time parathyroid surgery between September 2021 and 2023. Of these, 92 underwent surgery consecutively without PTeye assistance, then 140 underwent PTeye-guided surgery consecutively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PTeye-guided surgery group showed significantly higher parathyroid gland identification rates (p < 0.001) and a 20.7 times greater likelihood of identifying all four glands compared to controls (3.3%). No cases of permanent hypoparathyroidism were reported, indicating the procedure's safety.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PTeye appears to be a safe and effective technology that can be used to improve parathyroid gland identification during first time surgery for PHPT. This is particularly beneficial for patient population with a high prevalence of multiglandular disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":55072,"journal":{"name":"Head and Neck-Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nodal Yield From Neck Dissection Predicts the Anti-Tumor Immune Response in Head and Neck Cancers.","authors":"Shuqing Chen, Justin M Pyne, Yulun Liu, Youstina Abraham, Zhuoyu Wen, Doreen Palsgrove, Guanghua Xiao, John Truelson, Larry Myers, Brittny Tillman, Andrew Day, Eli Gordin, Lenka Stankova, Yang Xie, David Sher, Justin Bishop, Jinming Gao, Baran D Sumer","doi":"10.1002/hed.28006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.28006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lymph node count (LNC) from neck dissection has been associated with undernutrition and survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). As local components of the immune system, cervical lymph nodes may reflect anti-tumor immune status. This study investigates the relationship between decreased LNC, formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), and primary tumor infiltration by lymphocytes in undernourished patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A matched-cohort study was conducted in a tertiary medical center, where neck dissection quality was standardized for a total of 384 subjects that were evaluated. Six head and neck cancer patients that underwent primary surgery including neck dissection with low LNC and BMI (low BMI < 23, low LNC ≤ 5.6 per neck level) were matched by stage, p16 status, and subsite to 16 patients with normal BMI and high LNC. Multiplexed immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and the number and quality of TLS within primary tumors. Whole primary cancers underwent automated analysis and counting of leukocytes after multiplexed immunohistochemistry staining of tumor slides. A head and neck pathologist blindly scored the number and maturity of TLS. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients with low BMI and low LNC had significantly fewer CD3 (p = 0.0136), CD8 (p = 0.0003), and CD20 (p = 0.0334) cells in their primary tumors compared to patients with normal BMI and LNC. The low BMI low LNC patients also had fewer mature TLS (0.83/tumor) in their primary cancers compared to patients with normal BMI and high LNC (5.4/tumor) and also had greater than fourfold lower mature TLS density (TLS per μm² mean) (6.34 × 10^-9 vs. 2.82 × 10^-8), with significantly worsened survival relative to patients with low BMI and normal LNC and patients with normal BMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low LNC predicts worsened survival only in low BMI HNSCC patients with non-HPV related tumors and in these patients is associated with markers of immunosuppression such as fewer tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T-cells, CD20+ cells, and fewer TLS in primary cancers compared to matched normal BMI patients with high LNC.</p>","PeriodicalId":55072,"journal":{"name":"Head and Neck-Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Gene-Environment Interaction.","authors":"Daniel Paixão Pequeno, Juliana Carron, Karla Cristina Gaspar, Carmen Silvia Passos Lima, Clarissa Rosalmeida de Dantas, Gustavo Jacob Lourenço","doi":"10.1002/hed.28026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.28026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to assess the occurrence of post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. The goal also was to explore potential associations between PTSS, demographic factors, psychological variables, and specific genetic variants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included a total of 155 HNC patients, divided into pre-pandemic (n = 76) and COVID-19 pandemic (n = 79) groups. PTSS assessments were conducted using a standardized questionnaire. The assessment of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) involved specific questionnaire items. Genetic variants were identified via RT-PCR. Statistical analysis employed linear multivariate regression, while mediation analysis examined gene-environment interactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the pre-pandemic, higher PTSS scores were found to be associated with younger age (p = 0.02) and a history of cumulative ACEs (p = 0.001). Mediation analysis revealed that ACEs had a direct impact on PTSS scores, with the FKBP5 CC genotype (rs1360780, C>T) mediating this association by 29%. In the pandemic, elevated PTSS scores were correlated with a history of depression (p = 0.001), the negative impact of the pandemic (p = 0.007), and undergoing palliative treatment (p = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings provide insights into the psychosocial and genetic factors contributing to PTSS in HNC patients, considering the additional stressors introduced by the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":55072,"journal":{"name":"Head and Neck-Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142796557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Close Margins on Oral Cancer Outcomes According to the Oral Subsite.","authors":"Patrick Sheahan, Deirdre Callanan, Nadia van den Berg, Justin Hintze, David Brinkman, Hadeel Jawad, Ryan O'Sullivan, Ross O'Shea, Andrew Dias, Linda Feeley","doi":"10.1002/hed.28024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.28024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prognostic significance of close margins in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is controversial. We wished to investigate the impact of close margins on the risk of local recurrence (LR) in OSCC according to the oral subsite.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study of 342 OSCC patients undergoing primary surgical treatment was conducted. Surgical margins were based on the main specimen and defined as positive (SCC at margins), close (< 5 mm), or clear (≥ 5 mm).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among tongue SCC cases, both positive (hazard ratio 13.48, 95% CI 2.03, 32.91) and close margins (hazard ratio 3.87, 95% CI 1.31, 11.34) were significantly associated with LR. Tongue margins < 4 mm were associated with higher LR. Among non-tongue SCC cases, only positive margins (hazard ratio 4.10, 95% CI 1.19, 14.21) were associated with LR. Close margins were not significant (hazard ratio 1.59, 95% CI 0.46, 5.42).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Close margins appear to have a differential impact on LR in OSCC according to the oral subsite.</p>","PeriodicalId":55072,"journal":{"name":"Head and Neck-Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142796528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reverse Flow Fibula Free Flap: Technique for Intraoperative Flap Salvage in a Case of Inadequate Antegrade Perfusion.","authors":"Scott A Roof, Michael H Berger, Austin S Lam","doi":"10.1002/hed.28009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.28009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The reverse flow technique describes flap revascularization via anastomoses at the distal pedicle. The technique has been described for various indications but rarely as a means of flap salvage. To our knowledge, there are no previously reported cases where the reverse flow concept was utilized as a means of salvage of an osteocutaneous fibula free flap with severe atherosclerosis of the proximal peroneal artery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We describe the use of reverse flow to salvage the case of a 71-year-old male with significant atherosclerosis of the proximal peroneal artery preventing adequate microvascular anastomosis and inflow, despite multiple attempts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We were able to establish arterial perfusion of the flap using a reverse flow technique, with perfusion through the distal peroneal artery via the contralateral facial artery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case describes the first reported use of the reverse flow technique for salvage of an osteocutaneous fibula free flap when severe atherosclerosis prevented antegrade arterial inflow. The technique appears to be a viable option for free flap salvage in similar instances.</p>","PeriodicalId":55072,"journal":{"name":"Head and Neck-Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluconazole for Preventing Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Waranyu Ueangphairot, Pooriwat Muangwong, Phimchat Suwannaphong, Sirida Youngchim, Patcharin Thammasit, Kittikun Kittidachanan, Imjai Chitapanarux","doi":"10.1002/hed.28020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hed.28020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluated the efficacy of fluconazole prophylaxis in reducing radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) and Candida carriage in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted with 78 HNC patients receiving either fluconazole (100 mg daily) or placebo during CCRT. The primary outcome was the incidence of grade 2 or higher RIOM. Secondary outcomes included positive Candida cultures and colony-forming units (CFUs). Mixed-effects ordinal logistic regression and logistic regression were used for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fluconazole significantly reduced the incidence of grade 2 or higher RIOM at week 7 (p = 0.039), positive Candida carriage at week 4 (p = 0.024) and week 7 (p = 0.029), and median CFUs at week 7 (p = 0.050).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fluconazole significantly reduces RIOM severity and Candida colonization in HNC patients undergoing CCRT, suggesting its efficacy as a prophylactic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":55072,"journal":{"name":"Head and Neck-Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}