Health Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Mindfulness-based stress reduction interventions and cortisol regulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Blair T Johnson, Taryn J Simon, Chen Li, Emersyn K Rokos, Lisset Martinez-Berman, Matthew B Jané, Sarah S Tsai, Eric B Loucks","doi":"10.1037/hea0001636","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and rationale: </strong>Chronic stress is a growing public health concern, with cortisol widely recognized as its primary physiological biomarker. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), a standardized multiweek program, has shown promise in improving psychological outcomes, yet its specific effects on cortisol levels have not been meta-analyzed.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of eligible MBSR trials, those that (a) reported pre- and postintervention cortisol levels and (b) controlled for timing of cortisol collection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-nine MBSR intervention studies met the inclusion criteria, with 2,059 participants. Within-group analyses revealed a statistically significant reduction in cortisol levels following MBSR (<i>k</i> = 53<i>, g</i> = -0.26, 95% confidence interval [-0.38, -0.14], particularly in randomized controlled trials (<i>k</i> = 26, <i>g</i> = -0.37 [-0.53, -0.20]), but not in uncontrolled studies (<i>k</i> = 18, <i>g</i> = -0.06 [-0.19, 0.07]). Between-group analyses showed MBSR to be significantly more effective than control conditions in lowering cortisol (<i>k</i> = 34, <i>g</i> = -0.38 [-0.56, -0.21). MBSR had larger reductions compared with inactive controls (<i>k</i> = 23, <i>g</i> = -0.42 [-0.63, -0.20]) and smaller reductions compared with active controls (<i>k</i> = 11, <i>g</i> = -0.29 [-0.54, -0.04]). Significant heterogeneity remained unexplained.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MBSR interventions reduce cortisol, although results vary across studies. As MBSR provides a physiological benefit, it deserves greater implementation in stress reduction initiatives. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148889310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of loneliness with health and well-being: A second-order meta-analysis.","authors":"Ethan Zell, Tyler J Robinson","doi":"10.1037/hea0001645","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Lonely people are dissatisfied with the quantity or quality of their social relationships. Prior meta-analyses examined the association of loneliness with specific indices of health or well-being. Here we explored associations of loneliness with several indices of health and well-being, in addition to how such associations vary across different conditions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We synthesized data from 49 independent meta-analyses that collectively included over 60 outcomes, 1,900 studies, and 4.8 million participants. We used second-order meta-analysis to assess relations of loneliness with health and well-being.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a robust association of loneliness with broad indices of mental health, <i>r</i> = .37, 95% confidence interval [CI; 0.31, 0.44], psychological adjustment, <i>r</i> = .32, 95% CI [0.28, 0.36], and physical health, <i>r</i> = .15, 95% CI [0.10, 0.20], as well as specific indices of anxiety, cognitive functioning, depression, relationship functioning, social support, and problematic technology use. Loneliness associations varied significantly by loneliness measure and inclusion of unpublished studies, longitudinal studies, and covariates. However, risk of bias may have inflated effect sizes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings clarify the association of loneliness with several indices of health and well-being as well as the conditions under which these associations are most pronounced. Additional study is needed to examine longitudinal associations, interventions, and preregistered effects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148889294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediators of attachment, frailty, and mild cognitive impairment in older adults.","authors":"Erik J Buchholz, Chandra A Reynolds, Tyler R Bell, McKenna E Williams, Rongxiang Tang, Matthew S Panizzon, Michael J Lyons, Amy J Jak, Jack F V Hunt, Nathan A Gillespie, Christine Fennema-Notestine, Jeremy A Elman, William S Kremen, Carol E Franz","doi":"10.1037/hea0001600","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001600","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Poor social relations of older adults have been linked to cognitive decline, dementia risk, morbidity, and mortality. We investigated how characteristic ways people relate to romantic partners (adult attachment) might function as risk/protective factors for overall health or dementia risk. Specifically, we evaluated whether attachment anxiety and/or attachment avoidance at midlife predicted cumulative deficit frailty (CDF) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in early old age.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were 1,608 men in the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging. Participants' attachment was assessed at a mean age of 56 (starting 2003) and health mediators at a mean age of 62 (2009-2014; e.g., perceived stress, doctor visits, smoking, alcohol consumption, and social isolation). Outcomes at a mean age of 68 (2016-2019) included CDF based on a 37-item scale and MCI. Structural equation modeling assessed associations between attachment, mediators, and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The effect of attachment anxiety on CDF was indirect, mediated by perceived stress, doctor visits, and smoking at age 62 (total indirect effect: β = .147, <i>p</i> < .001). Its effect on MCI was also indirect, mediated by its association with perceived stress (total indirect effect (β = .090, <i>p</i> = .001). Attachment avoidance did not predict CDF, but it directly predicted MCI (β = .134, <i>p</i> = .033).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance predict frailty and cognitive function through different pathways in older adults. Viewing others as trustworthy and dependable in midlife may be protective against frailty and dementia risk in old age. Focusing on improving the quality of interpersonal relationships may thus help to reduce risk. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"952-961"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147517025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive attitudes towards aging are associated with delayed mortality at 10 years: A population-based study (NEDICES).","authors":"Israel Contador, Patricia Alzola, Serhiy Dekhtyar, Lea Stark, Ana M Nieto-Carracedo, David L Palenzuela, Bernardino Fernández-Calvo, Julián Benito-León, Félix Bermejo-Pareja","doi":"10.1037/hea0001609","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aging of populations is accelerating globally, posing scientific and societal challenges. Beyond physical health factors, there is a need to map the psychosocial determinants of mortality in older adults. This study examines the impact of life satisfaction (LS), positive attitudes toward aging (PA), and negative emotionality (NE) on 10-year mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 2,271 community-dwelling older adults from the Neurological Disorders in Central Spain population-based cohort were included in the study. Participants were comprehensively assessed, including an examination of diverse chronic conditions, health habits, and psychological well-being (i.e., the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale). Associations between psychological well-being factors (LS, PA, and NE) were examined using adjusted Cox regression models. Two-way interaction analyses were also performed to test moderator effects of main covariates (age, sex, diabetes, alcohol, and functional status) on the association between PA and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only PA, but not LS or NE, was associated with lower 10-year mortality risk in the fully adjusted Cox model (hazard ratio = 0.89, 95% confidence interval [0.83, 0.94], <i>p</i> < .001). The PA effect was robust even when neurological conditions were excluded in the sensitivity analysis. Age reached a statistical tendency as a moderator (hazard ratio = 1.01, 95% confidence interval [1.00, 1.02], <i>p</i> = .03), indicating that the PA effect is slightly higher at younger ages.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PA is associated with a lower mortality risk over a 10-year follow-up. Our findings suggest a complex interplay of physical and psychosocial factors in explaining mortality risk in older adults. Health-related policies targeting older adults should consider PA as a key factor in reducing mortality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"942-951"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147870353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of plain cigarette packaging on point-of-sale purchasing behavior among young adults who smoke.","authors":"Steven C Martino, Michael S Dunbar, Claude M Setodji, Desmond Jenson, Maggie Hieber, William G Shadel","doi":"10.1037/hea0001601","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This experiment evaluated how full versus partial plain cigarette packaging, compared with fully branded packaging, affects young adult smokers' cigarette purchasing and motivation to quit smoking in a simulated retail point-of-sale environment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The experiment took place in the RAND StoreLab, a life-sized replica of a convenience store. Smokers (<i>N</i> = 433) aged 21-34 years were randomly assigned to shop in one of three store conditions: (a) a <i>status quo</i> condition, featuring a typical U.S. tobacco power wall; (b) a <i>full coverage</i> condition, where cigarette packages were fully standardized in a uniform brown-green color; or (c) a <i>half coverage</i> condition, where only the top half of packages were standardized. Cigarette purchases were tracked, and participants completed measures of motivation to quit smoking pre- and postshopping. Logistic regression was used to examine condition effects on these outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants in the full coverage condition were significantly less likely to purchase cigarettes than those in the status quo condition, adjusted <i>OR</i> = 0.54, <i>p</i> = .04. In contrast, the half coverage condition had no effect on cigarette purchasing, adjusted <i>OR</i> = 0.96, <i>p</i> = .88. Neither the full coverage nor the half coverage condition significantly affected motivation to quit smoking, <i>p</i>s = .53 and .64, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides novel experimental evidence in support of full plain packaging as a means to further reduce cigarette purchasing in the United States. The lack of an effect of partial plain packaging suggests that this option may not be a sufficient means of regulation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"933-941"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13143334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized controlled trial testing a digital intervention to promote weight loss and weight loss maintenance.","authors":"Dominika Kwasnicka, Iga Palacz-Poborczyk, Peter Verboon, Aleksandra Luszczynska, Eleanor Quested, Suzanne Robinson, Lan Gao, Anna Januszewicz, Martin S Hagger, Sherry Pagoto, Paulina Idziak, Felix Naughton","doi":"10.1037/hea0001607","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the <i>Choosing Health</i> program, which tailors support to an individual's weight loss and weight loss maintenance determinants among adults with overweight and obesity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a randomized controlled trial with a nested interrupted time series within-person design. Participants (<i>N</i> = 288) were randomized to the <i>Choosing Health</i> digital intervention (<i>n</i> = 145) or a control group (<i>n</i> = 143). Intervention participants completed 90 days of Ecological Momentary Assessments, which were used to identify behavioral determinants to tailor an intervention. Control participants received nontailored weight loss advice via generic emails and eBook. Body weight (the primary outcome), blood pressure, and % body fat (secondary outcomes) measured at 3, 6 and 12 months were restructured into change of baseline scores and analyzed using multilevel regression analysis, with the three time points nested within subjects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings revealed no significant difference in mean weight loss between groups at 6 months, controlled for baseline (primary outcome; mean difference = 0.78 kg), <i>F</i>(1, 175) = 1.44, <i>p</i> = .232. Intervention participants had higher weight loss at 12 months than control participants (mean difference = 2.05 kg), <i>F</i>(1, 108) = 2.96, <i>p</i> = .088); however, the difference was not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results showed promising trends for the intervention group in weight loss maintenance measured at 12 months. The dropout rate was higher than expected, as the intervention was delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic making face-to-face assessments difficult. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"893-906"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147700753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partnering with young people to address the mental health crisis: From research to action.","authors":"Claudia-Santi F Fernandes, Francesca Giannattasio, Sophia Greene","doi":"10.1037/hea0001625","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Young people face a growing mental health crisis complicated by limited access to care. Youth-led participatory action research has the potential to improve youth mental health outcomes by engaging young people in developing sustainable solutions. Current youth-led participatory action research frameworks require ongoing youth engagement that can exclude marginalized young people. To address this gap, Born This Way Foundation and Hopelab implemented a multiphase, cluster-based approach to youth-engaged research offering varied opportunities for engagement of marginalized youth across three phases. Youth-adult partnerships were integrated throughout (a) instrument development and interpretation, (b) convening and dissemination, and (c) creation of action-oriented resources. This approach produced action-oriented, community-facing resources. To advance equity, health psychologists must commit to engaging diverse samples of young people, connecting them with trusted adults, and ensuring their collective perspectives shape decisions and actions across sectors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":"45 9","pages":"907-910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specificity versus inclusivity in blood donor appeals among ethnic minority communities: The risks of \"othering\".","authors":"Richard Mills, Abiola Okubanjo, Muskaan Pal, Natasha Acheampong, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Angela Wood, Barbara Masser, Eamonn Ferguson","doi":"10.1037/hea0001595","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Encouraging blood donation from ethnic minorities improves patient care, especially for conditions like sickle cell disease (SCD). Campaigns can be specific (highlighting sickle cell disease's prevalence in Black communities) or inclusive (emphasizing shared responsibility). This study evaluates the relative efficacy of specific versus inclusive campaigns to encourage Black blood donors in the United Kingdom.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A 2 × 2 × 2 online experiment (<i>N</i> = 1,745; 718 Black, 1,027 Non-Black) varied campaign <i>focus</i> (specific vs. nonspecific), <i>inclusivity</i> (inclusive vs. noninclusive), and <i>medium</i> (contextualized vs. not). Participants saw one of four messages (baseline, specific, inclusive, or mixed) and reported willingness to donate, perceived othering, and affect. Awareness of the need for well-matched blood was assessed as a moderator.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative to baseline, specific and mixed messages significantly increased campaign response, but specific also increased perceived othering among Black participants. Among Non-Black participants, specific messages decreased campaign response relative to inclusive ones and elicited more othering. Mediation analysis confirmed that perceived othering reduces campaign response. Awareness of the need for well-matched blood moderated these effects: Participants aware of matching needs reported less othering and more positive reactions to specific messages.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Specific campaigns can be effective, especially for Black audiences, but risk fostering perceived othering. Awareness of medical need mitigates these effects. To balance efficacy with inclusivity, campaigns should consider combining specific and inclusive messages alongside efforts to increase awareness. Findings generalize to other health contexts requiring demographically targeted messaging. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"911-925"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147965706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderators of the relation between physical activity and subsequent energy intake among behavioral weight loss participants.","authors":"Rebecca J Crochiere, Daedalus T Fitzgerald, Meghan L Butryn, Fengqing Zhang, Kristine Beaulieu, Jaclyn P Maher, Zhuoran Huang, Cleverina Cong, Evan M Forman","doi":"10.1037/hea0001597","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Behavioral weight loss (BWL) programs prescribe reduced energy intake (EI) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, MVPA may also acutely influence EI, and that relation may depend on body mass index (BMI) and post-MVPA cognitions. This study tested if BMI and post-MVPA cognitions moderated the within-subject relation between MVPA and subsequent EI among BWL participants.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were 91 adults with overweight/obesity participating in a yearlong BWL trial. Data were collected during a 3-week midtreatment assessment, with MVPA measured using Fitbit devices, EI via a self-monitoring app, and BMI via wireless scales (weight) and self-reported height. Post-MVPA cognitions included the following: permissiveness to consume more calories, perceived need to replenish one's body with food, and motivation to lose weight.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multilevel models demonstrated lower BMI and higher perceived need for replenishment amplified the positive relation between MVPA and subsequent EI in the 2-hr post-MVPA period. Exploratory analyses showed increased EI in the 2-hr post-MVPA period was associated with greater daily EI at the trend level, and daily EI was negatively associated with percent weight loss across the midtreatment assessment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individuals with lower BMI and greater perceived need for replenishment post-exercise had higher EI following MVPA versus no MVPA. Findings suggest greater EI acutely following MVPA may predict greater daily EI, which in turn negatively impacts weight loss. Thus, for optimal weight loss outcomes, it may be important to increase awareness of these EI patterns among relevant subpopulations and encourage planning of EI around MVPA to ensure dietary adherence is maintained. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"926-932"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12970587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147367382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social isolation, loneliness, and biological aging acceleration.","authors":"Rui Mao, Jiao Yuan, Tongtong Zhang, Fan Wang, Yun Zhong, Haonan Yuan, Fan Yang, Xin Meng","doi":"10.1037/hea0001631","DOIUrl":"10.1037/hea0001631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Social isolation and loneliness have been associated with several age-related health conditions. However, their effects on biological age acceleration (BAA) remain understudied.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study analyzed data from 309,746 UK Biobank participants (<i>M</i>_age = 56.38 years, <i>SD</i> = 8.08, 54% female) over a median follow-up of 14.4 years. Self-reported questionnaires were used to gauge social isolation and loneliness. Multiple linear regression models and two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis were applied to estimate the associations between social isolation, loneliness, and BAA. Polygenic risk scores were calculated based on the single nucleotide polymorphisms related to BAA. Log-rank tests were conducted to assess the association between social isolation, loneliness, and mortality, with mediation analysis further employed to examine whether BAA mediated these associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Social isolation (<i>b</i> = 0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI; 0.14, 0.19]) and loneliness (<i>b</i> = 0.15; 95% CI [0.12, 0.18]) were linked to BAA, with a cumulative effect observed. Although no interaction effects were identified between social isolation, loneliness, and genetic susceptibility to BAA, a superimposed effect was evident. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses determined that loneliness (<i>b</i> = 3.832; 95% CI [0.247, 7.417]) was linked to BAA, whereas regular club or gym attendance (<i>b</i> = -4.145; 95% CI [-7.622, -0.667]) and religious involvement (b = -3.244; 95% CI [-5.577, -0.913]) mitigated aging risk. Furthermore, each unit increment in social isolation and loneliness scores was associated with a 13.9% and 8.9% increase in all-cause mortality risk, respectively, and BAA partially mediated these associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed significant associations between social isolation, loneliness, and BAA. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":55066,"journal":{"name":"Health Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}