Helminthologia最新文献

{"title":"Trematode parasites as indicators of an animal component in the diet of the Water Vole <i>Arvicola amphibius</i>.","authors":"A M McCarthy, J C Litten-Brown, M A Collins","doi":"10.2478/helm-2023-0026","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2023-0026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intestinal trematode fauna of the Water Vole <i>Arvicola amphibius</i>, (previously <i>A. terrestris</i>), was investigated to determine whether it might provide evidence of an animal component in the diet of this aquatic herbivorous small mammal. Interrogation of the electronic Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum London revealed the presence of fourteen species of intestinal trematode in water voles, infection with each of which would require the ingestion of tissue from an animal intermediate host. The results obtained using these parasite indicators provide convincing evidence of animal components in the diet of <i>A. amphibius</i> and support anecdotal reports of water voles feeding on animal material in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"253-256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10750240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Bursaphelenchus mucronatus</i> (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) associated with <i>Monochamus galloprovincialis</i> from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Georgia.","authors":"V Čermák, B Nježić, N Nazarashvili, E Gvritishvili, K Tománková, H Orságová, M Majeská, J Foit, P Vieira","doi":"10.2478/helm-2023-0029","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2023-0029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Bursaphelenchus mucronatus</i> was detected in association with the pine sawyer beetle (<i>Monochamus galloprovincialis</i>) during the implementation and testing of cross traps with insect attractants as an efficient tool for detection survey for pine wood nematode (<i>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</i>) in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Georgia in 2017 and 2018, respectively. This nematode was characterized by morphological, morphometric and molecular features. This is the first report of <i>B. mucronatus</i> in association with a <i>M. galloprovincialis</i> in Bosnia and Herzegovina and in Georgia.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"227-239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10750248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological and molecular detection of neurocysticercosis among epileptic patients in Nagpur, Maharashtra state (India).","authors":"K Satyaprakash, W A Khan, N N Zade, S P Chaudhari, S V Shinde, N V Kurkure, P K Shembalkar","doi":"10.2478/helm-2023-0023","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2023-0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurocysticercosis (NCC), one of the most important neuroparasitic diseases in humans, is caused by <i>Cysticercus cellulosae</i>, the metacestode stage of digenetic zoonotic cestode <i>Taenia solium</i>. The present study aims at the detection of anti-cysticercus antibodies in the sera of epileptic patients (n=26) visiting a tertiary care hospital in Nagpur, Maharashtra state, India, by an in-house developed indirect IgG-ELISA and enzyme-linked immunoelectro transfer blot (EITB) assay using different antigens (namely, Whole Cyst Antigen (WCA), Cystic Fluid Antigen (CFA), Scolex Antigen (SA), Excretory-Secretory Antigen (ESA) and Membrane-Body Antigen (MBA)) prepared from <i>T. solium</i> metacestodes to find out the status of NCC. An attempt has also been made for molecular detection of NCC from blood samples of those patients by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assay targeted at <i>large subunit rRNA</i> gene of <i>T. solium</i>. The IgG ELISA level of anti-cysticercus antibodies against WCA, CFA, SA, ESA and MBA antigens were as follows: 19.23 %, 23.07 %, 38.46 %, 30.76 % and 15.38 %. The seroreactivity to CFA, SA and ESA was found in equal proportions in patients with ring-enhancing lesions. In the EITB assay, the lower and medium molecular weight protein bands of SA and ESA were immunodominant compared to the higher WCA and CFA peptides. PCR positivity could be observed in 34.6 % (9/26) of the patients under study. It is the first report of detecting NCC among epileptic patients of the Nagpur region of Maharashtra state in India using serological and molecular tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"208-220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10750244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic position of the enigmatic <i>Quentinia mesovitellinica</i> (Rêgo, 1967) (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea).","authors":"V Haukisalmi","doi":"10.2478/helm-2023-0031","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2023-0031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The systematic position of <i>Quentinia mesovitellinica</i> (Rêgo, 1967) (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea) from the hystricomorph rodent <i>Galea spixii</i> (Wagler) (Caviidae) in Brazil is reevaluated based on published information. <i>Quentinia mesovitellinica</i> is generally thought to belong to the family Catenotaeniidae, being thus the only catenotaeniid cestode parasitizing hystricomorph rodents and also the only catenotaeniid in South America. However, the present study shows that <i>Q. mesovitellinica</i> differs fundamentally from <i>Catenotaenia</i> Janicki, 1904 sensu lato and other catenotaeniids with respect to several morphologic features, but shares these features with <i>Monoecocestus</i> Beddard, 1914 sensu Beveridge (1994), a genus in the family Anoplocephalidae sensu stricto (i.e. sensu Spasskii, 1951). However, <i>Q. mesovitellinica</i> is not assigned here to <i>Monoecocestus</i>, because the latter is a morphologically heterogeneous genus and will probably be split when subjected to a comprehensive phylogenetic and taxonomic analysis. Instead, <i>Quentinia</i> Spasskii, 1969 is considered a valid genus in the family Anoplocephalidae s. s. The morphologically closely related <i>Monoecocestus eljefe</i> Haverkost & Gardner, 2010 from <i>Galea musteloides</i> Meyen in Bolivia is assigned to <i>Quentinia</i> as <i>Q</i>. <i>eljefe</i> (Haverkost & Gardner, 2010) n. comb. An amended diagnosis is provided for <i>Quentinia</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"246-252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10750243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139050054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the anthelmintic activity of <i>Olea europaea</i> L (Olive) leaves extract and oleuropein in mice naturally infected with <i>Aspiculuris tetraptera</i>.","authors":"M A Kamran, H S Yildirimhan, B Şenlik","doi":"10.2478/helm-2023-0025","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2023-0025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxyuriasis, caused by the nematode <i>Enterobius vermicularis,</i> is one of the cosmopolitan intestinal infections of humans. <i>Aspiculuris tetraptera</i> commonly infects mice and it is morphologically similar to <i>E. vermicularis</i>. Parasitic resistance reduces the efficiency of synthetic drugs and poses economic impacts on the dairy sector, thus necessitating novel anthelmintic agents. <i>Olea europaea</i> L. (Olive) is a bioactive plant with potent pharmacological activities. However, its effects on oxyurids are poorly known, and no studies are currently exploring olives' anthelmintic potential. In this study, we investigated the pharmacokinetic behaviors of <i>O. europaea</i> leaves extract (OLE) and its phenolic compound oleuropein in mice infected with <i>A. tetraptera</i>, in comparison with Albendazole (ABZ), a standard drug used to treat parasitic worms. Fecal flotation method was used to identify the infestation with <i>A. tetraptera</i> eggs by examining the stool samples from mice. Infected animals were divided into 7 groups. 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg doses of OLE, 5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg doses of oleuropein, 10 mg/kg of ABZ and tap water were orally administered by gavage for 7 days during treatments. Drug efficacies and statistical differences between the treatments and controls were evaluated. Our results revealed 92.43 % efficacy of ABZ, similar to 92.19 % efficacy of 1000 mg/kg of OLE. At the same time, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg concentrations of OLE remained 70.03 % and 63.18 % effective in reducing worm counts. Efficacy percentages of 5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg of oleuropein were 9.27 % and 70.56 %, respectively. Statistical analysis of ABZ was significant compared to 1000 mg/kg of OLE, which was almost equal but insignificant. In general, our results confirm the anthelmintic potential of OLE and oleuropein against mice pinworms and open the way for targeted extraction of bioactive compounds from plants to optimize its use in human and veterinary medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"240-245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10750239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and Molecular note on the identity of <i>Mylonchulus sigmaturus</i> Cobb, 1917 (Nematoda: Mylonchulidae) from Pakistan.","authors":"U Ishaque, E Shokoohi, I Erum, N Kazi, S Dawar","doi":"10.2478/helm-2023-0024","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2023-0024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A species of predatory nematode, <i>Mylonchulus sigmaturus</i> Cobb, 1917, was recovered around the soil and roots of banana plants (<i>Musa paradisiaca</i>) from four different localities of Pakistan. The male of this species represents a new record from Pakistan. Morphological and morphometric data of the species have been contributed along with the molecular study. The phylogenetic analysis using 18S rDNA placed the Pakistani populations of <i>M. sigmaturus</i> with the same species in a clade with 100 posterior probabilities. The first input of 28S rDNA data placed Pakistani <i>M. sigmaturus</i> in a separate clade with 100 posterior probability support, however close with <i>Prionchulus punctatus</i> (Cobb, 1917) Andrássy, 1958 and <i>Clarkus papillatus</i> (Bastian, 1865) Jairajpuri, 1970.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"272-286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10750242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of <i>Rhytidodes gelatinosus</i> (Rudolphi, 1819) Looss, 1901 (Digenea: Rhytidodidae) in an olive-ridley Turtle <i>Lepidochelys olivacea</i> (Eschscholtz, 1829) from Brazil.","authors":"J Da Cunha Fernandes, L M De Carvalho, J C Gomes Borges, J E V Parente, M R Werneck","doi":"10.2478/helm-2023-0030","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2023-0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article reports the first occurrence of <i>Rhytidodes gelatinosus</i> (Rudolphi, 1819) Looss, 1901 (Digenea: Rhytidodidae) in the olive-ridley turtle <i>Lepidochelys olivacea</i> (Testudines: Chelonidae), in an individual found in the State of Sergipe, Brazil. Although <i>R. gelatinosus</i> has already been described in other species of sea turtles in the world, this is the first report of this parasite in <i>L. olivacea</i>. We also present a list of hosts and locations where this helminth has already been identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"257-262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10750246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal parasitic infections among pregnant women in Taiz Governorate, Yemen: A hospital-based study.","authors":"T Alharazi","doi":"10.2478/helm-2023-0022","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2023-0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intestinal parasitic infections in pregnant women have been associated with severe adverse outcomes such as anemia, low birth weight, and mother and fetus morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its associated risk factors among pregnant women in Taiz, Yemen.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2022 and January 2023. Sociodemographic and other explanatory variables were obtained via face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. The wet-mount and formol-ether concentration techniques were applied to identify the IPIs. Data were analyzed using SPSS, version 20, and p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. An analysis of descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression was conducted. A p-value < 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. The study included a total of 393 pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 393 pregnant women screened for intestinal parasites, 144 (36.6 %) had at least one parasite. The most common intestinal parasite was Giardia lamblia (12.2 %), followed by <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i> (10.9 %), <i>Entamoeba histolytica/dispar</i> (7.4 %), <i>Enterobius vermicularis</i> (14.3 %), and <i>Hymenolepis nana</i> (1.8 %). Being a farmer (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.69-4.26, p = 0:003) and drinking from unsafe water wells, streams, rain, and dams (AOR = 2:6, 95% CI: 1.68-4.25, p ≤ 0:001) were significantly associated with IPIs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pregnant women in the study area still face a severe health burden due to intestinal parasitic infection. Therefore, it is recommended that health education should be improved, and safe tap water should be provided to pregnant women to reduce the incidence of IPIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"201-207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10750245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of hepatic and pulmonary hydatidosis with albendazole and praziquantel.","authors":"G Popova, D Vuchev, K Anichina","doi":"10.2478/helm-2023-0028","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2023-0028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conservative treatment of human hydatidosis (cystic echinococcosis) with albendazole has improved significantly the prognosis of the disease. But its therapeutic effectiveness is 30 - 70 %. There is some evidence that the effectiveness of albendazole can be enhanced by praziquantel but there is no strict recommendation for the use of praziquantel as part of long-term drug therapy for hydatidosis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of albendazole and praziquantel in patients with hepatic and/or pulmonary hydatidosis. A total of 20 patients (aged 12 - 70 years old) were included in the study for a 5-year period. Fourteen patients (70 %) were with hepatic hydatidosis, 4 (20 %) with pulmonary and 2 (10 %) with hepatic and pulmonary hydatidosis. They were treated with albendazole (15 mg/kg/day) and praziquantel (40 mg/kg/weekly) for 2 - 9 one-month courses. The result of the therapy was followed using imaging (abdominal ultrasound, lung radiography, computed tomography) and serology. Seventeen (85 %) out of 20 patients showed evidence of response on imaging defined as improvement or cure of hydatid cysts. Seven (35 %) of the patients with multiple cystic echinococcosis took praziquantel once a week for 6 months. Only 3 patients (15 %) with multiple hydatidosis (2 with liver and 1 with pulmonary hydatidosis) failed to respond to the therapy with both drugs. No side effects have been reported by the patients. The combination of albendazole and praziquantel seems to be an option to improve the therapeutic effectiveness of the conservative treatment of cystic echinococcosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"60 3","pages":"221-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10750241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Small-Molecule Approach to Bypass In Vitro Selection of New Aptamers: Designer Pre-Ligands Turn Baby Spinach into Sensors for Reactive Inorganic Targets.","authors":"Tushar Aggarwal, Liming Wang, Bryan Gutierrez, Hakan Guven, Huseyin Erguven, Enver Cagri Izgu","doi":"10.1101/2023.07.29.551132","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2023.07.29.551132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluorescent light-up aptamer (FLAP) systems are promising biosensing platforms that can be genetically encoded. Here, we describe how a single FLAP that works with specific organic ligands can detect multiple, structurally unique, non-fluorogenic, and reactive inorganic targets. We developed 4-<i>O</i>-functionalized benzylidene imidazolinones as pre-ligands with suppressed fluorescent binding interactions with the RNA aptamer Baby Spinach. Inorganic targets, hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) or hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), can specifically convert these pre-ligands into the native benzylidene imidazolinones, and thus be detected with Baby Spinach. Adaptation of this approach to live cells opened a new opportunity for top-down construction of whole-cell sensors: <i>Escherichia coli</i> transformed with a Baby Spinach-encoding plasmid and incubated with pre-ligands generated fluorescence in response to exogenous H₂S or H₂O₂. Our approach eliminates the requirement of in vitro selection of a new aptamer sequence for molecular target detection, allows for the detection of short-lived targets, thereby advancing FLAP systems beyond their current capabilities. Leveraging the functional group reactivity of small molecules can lead to cell-based sensors for inorganic molecular targets, exploiting a new synergism between synthetic organic chemistry and synthetic biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10760011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90880644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}