Helminthologia最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of the cytotoxicity and anthelmintic activity of <i>Olea europaea</i> (stem and leaves) methanolic extract: <i>in vitro</i> investigation.","authors":"E M Al-Shaebi, R Abdel-Gaber, N Al-Hoshani, S Al-Quraishy","doi":"10.2478/helm-2025-0002","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2025-0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several diseases, including cancer and parasites, may be treated with medicinal plants. The purpose of this study was to examine <i>in vitro</i> the phytochemical profile, cytotoxic, and anthelmintic properties of <i>Olea europaea</i> stem and leaves methanolic extracts (OESME and OELME, respectively). Using FT-IR technology, phytochemical makeup was examined, and evaluation of antioxidant activity by ABTS and FRAP methods for plant extracts was examined. An MTT test was used to analyze the cytotoxicity of OESME and OELME against breast (MCF-7) and lung (A549) cell lines. The anthelmintic effect of OESME and OELME against <i>Eisenia fetida</i> was tested <i>in vitro</i>. Albendazole (10 mg/mL) was utilized as a positive control, and distilled water as a negative control. Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) proved 14 and 15 phytochemical compounds in OESME and OELME, respectively. The findings showed that OESME exhibited a higher ABTS inhibition at 100 µg/mL (96.8 ± 0.02 mg GAE/L) compared to OELME (94.9 ± 0.04 mg GAE/L). The FRAP assay also revealed increased antioxidant activity peaking at 100 µg/mL, with OELME at 0.455 ± 0.002 mg GAE/L and OESME at 0.51 ± 0.003 mg GAE/L. Furthermore, OESME and OELME exhibited moderate cytotoxic effects against A549 and MCF-7 cell lines. The IC₅₀ for OESME on the A549 cell line was 303.5 ± 3.25 μg/mL, while for OELME, it was 252.5 ± 3.9 μg/mL. In the MCF-7 cell line, the IC₅₀ values were 326.5 ± 2.87 μg/mL for OESME and 363.3 ± 3.04 μg/mL for OELME. In terms of anthelminthic activity, paralysis and death occurred within 35.728 ± 2.396 and 39.158 ± 4.068 minutes, respectively, at the most efficacious dose of OESME and OELME (200 mg/mL). Mebendazole, on the other hand, demonstrated paralysis and death at 13.91 ± 0.373 and 18.2 ± 0.980 minutes, respectively. A significant surface structural anomaly was found by histologically analyzing the treated worms compared to the control group. Our results demonstrated the anthelminthic action and cytotoxicity of <i>O. europaea</i> extracts, which encourages more <i>in-vivo</i> research to be done in the quest for more affordable and effective therapeutic sides.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"8-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of <i>Contracaecum jorgei</i> (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in <i>Centropomus armatus</i> from a fish market in Panama City, Republic of Panama.","authors":"K B González-Serrano, C Aguilar, L Abrego, C Rengifo-Herrera","doi":"10.2478/helm-2025-0005","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2025-0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Contracaecum jorgei</i> is a parasite within the Anisakidae family. This parasite has been recently reported in several South American countries, including Argentina, Brazil, and Colombia, as well as in Central American countries such as Costa Rica and Guatemala. In this study conducted on <i>Centropomus armatus</i>, a prevalence rate of 6 % (1/15) was observed, with two parasites found in the celomic cavity., The nematode larvae samples were sequenced, and the resulting phylogenetic trees clustered these sequences with sequences available in GenBank, identified as <i>C. jorgei</i>. This marks the first report of <i>C. jorgei</i> in Panama and provides the initial sequences of the small subunit of the mitochondrial ribosomal RNA gene (rrnS) fragment for this species.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"77-82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoparasites and epibionts of loggerhead and green sea turtles from the eastern Mediterranean, Turkey: A detailed assessment.","authors":"S Düşen, Y Kaska, M Yilmaz, S A Ulubelı","doi":"10.2478/helm-2025-0009","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2025-0009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two species of sea turtles, the loggerhead (<i>Caretta caretta</i>) and the green turtle (<i>Chelonia mydas</i>), use Turkey's Mediterranean and rarely Aegean Sea coasts for nesting and foraging. The injured sea turtles are regularly transferred for treatment to the Sea Turtle Research, Rescue and Rehabilitation Center (DEKAMER) Muğla Ortaca-Dalyan (Turkey) from the different coasts of the these two seasthese include Çanakkale, Balıkesir, İzmir and Aydın (Aegean Sea); Antalya and Mersin (Mediterranean Sea) and also Muğla (it has two coasts both Aegean Sea and Mediterranean Sea). In this study, both internal and external parasites and epibiont species of turtles that died during treatment were examined. This is the first detailed parasitological and epibiont study on these sea turtles in the Turkish coast. Twenty-two adult <i>Caretta caretta</i> and twelve green turtles were examined and these symbiotic groups were recorded: endoparasitic digeneans and nematodes, and epibiotic annelids and cirripeds (barnacles). The observed three digenean species (<i>Pyelosomum renicapite</i>, <i>Learedius learedi</i> and <i>Deuterobaris proteus</i>) are recorded in Turkey for the first time. Also, <i>Ch. mydas</i> and <i>C. caretta</i> represent new host records for these digenean species in Turkey. <i>Ch. mydas</i> represents a new host record for two cirriped species (<i>Chelonibia testudinaria</i> and <i>Lepas hillii</i>) from Turkey and <i>C. caretta</i> also represent a new host record for <i>Ozobranchus margoi</i> from Turkey. Based on the available literature, the implications of these symbionts on sea turtle health are discussed, highlighting the importance of recording parasitic data of sea turtles. The study of internal and external parasites is very important, especially for the treatment of sea turtles under rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"62 1","pages":"40-49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helminth fauna of <i>Anatololacerta pelasgiana</i> (Mertens, 1959) (Sauria: Lacertidae) from several localities of south-west part of Türkiye.","authors":"S Birlik, H S Yildirimhan, N Sümer, E B Hastürk, Y Kumlutaş, Ç Ilgaz, K Candan, E Yildirim Caynak","doi":"10.2478/helm-2024-0035","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2024-0035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present data on helminths harboured by Pelasgian Rock Lizard <i>Anatololacerta pelasgiana</i> (Mertens, 1959) from several localities in Muğla province, Türkiye. Five helminth species (Nematoda) were found in <i>A. pelesgiana</i>: <i>Oswaldocruzia filiformis</i>, <i>Physalopteroides</i> sp., <i>Thubunae</i> sp., <i>Spauligodon cabrerae</i> and <i>Spauligodon aloisei.</i> Overall helminth prevalences were not relatively high for this species [27/44 (61.3 %)]; helminth assemblages from host species were depauperate and dominated by generalist helminths with direct life cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"61 4","pages":"360-367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on the significance of secretory IgA antibodies in the pathogenesis and clinical course of enterobiasis in infected persons from Bulgaria: preliminary findings.","authors":"E Kaneva, R Harizanov, D Velcheva, N Tsvetkova, M Pavlova, I Alexiev, R Dimitrova, M Videnova, R Borisova, A Ivanova","doi":"10.2478/helm-2024-0034","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2024-0034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Enterobiasis is one of the most common human parasitic infections worldwide and in Bulgaria. The objective of this study was to ascertain the levels of intestinal secretory IgA antibodies in patients with enterobiasis, to determine the local immune response in this helminthiasis, and to evaluate its influence on clinical manifestations during infection. Faecal samples from 102 enterobiasis patients and 40 clinically healthy controls were examined. In individuals infected with <i>Enterobius vermicularis</i>, the range of values for SIgA was higher (from 27.5 μg/ml to 13916 μg/ml). However, no statistically significant difference was found between them and those in persons without evidence of infection (from 27.5 to 8999 μg/ml). In both groups of individuals (infected and non-infected), we observed differences in the levels of SIgA, which appeared to be dependent on the age and gender of the subjects. Significantly, higher values were observed in children and adolescents, as well as in males. In individuals with enterobiasis, a higher level of SIgA was observed in those with pronounced clinical symptoms (mean value = 2198.74) compared to asymptomatic individuals (mean value = 1588.54). The highest levels were observed in patients presenting with perianal pruritus (mean value = 3559.54). Our study of the local humoral immune response in people with enterobiasis is the first of its kind in the country. The results clearly show a direct correlation between the presence of clinical symptoms in enterobiasis and elevated levels of secretory IgA in faeces.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"61 4","pages":"277-285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11864104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helminthiasis in school-age children from Gresik, East Java, Indonesia.","authors":"B Utomo, W Fatmaningrum, Sulistiawati, S Fauziyah, T H Sucipto, I M D M Adnyana, D S Eljatin, N Fadhilah, A E Novitasari, H Al-Talib","doi":"10.2478/helm-2024-0040","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2024-0040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to investigate the soil-transmitted helminth infection among school-age children in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted from July to November 2023 in selected elementary schools in Gresik, East Java, Indonesia. Logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the impact of each risk factor on the likelihood of infection transmission. A total of 183 school-age children were screened for the occurrence of helminth eggs in their feces. Twenty-two feces samples from 183 children were positive for helminth egg, consisting of 14 children infected by <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i> (6.36 %), 3 children infected by <i>Trichuris trichiura</i> (1.304 %), 3 children infected by <i>Oxyuris vermicularis</i> (1.304 %), and 3 children infected by Hookworm (1.304 %). The highest prevalence was found in 7-year-old children (31.8 %). Children who pulled off shoes while in school were more likely to be infected with an overall OR of 8.392 (95 % CI 1.63 - 43.65). Children who played in the dumpsite were more likely to be infected with an overall OR of 4.521 (95 % CI 0.578 - 31.28). Children who washed before eating were more likely to be infected with an overall OR of 3.579 (95 % CI 0.587 - 21.835). Therefore, to lessen the prevalence of STHs among school-age children in Gresik, we recommend improving hygiene conditions in schools. The government should prioritize enrolling all primary schools in hygiene classes as the school health program.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"61 4","pages":"293-299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphomolecular identification of <i>Polylabris lingaoensis</i> infecting the twobar Seabream (<i>Acanthopagrus bifasciatus</i>).","authors":"G Alojayri, S Al-Quraishy, O B Mohammed, E Al-Shaebi, R Abdel-Gaber","doi":"10.2478/helm-2024-0031","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2024-0031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A total of 40 fish samples of the twobar seabream, <i>Acanthopagrus bifasciatus</i> (Sparidae), were collected from January to June 2023 in the Arabian Gulf (Saudi Arabia). Fish samples were surveyed for ectoparasitic taxa. This study revealed the presence of one monogenetic species in <i>A. bifasciatus</i> gills. Parasitic prevalence and the mean value of intensity were 32.5% and 10, respectively. This parasite species has all the morphological characteristics of <i>Polylabris</i>, a genus erected by Euzet and Cauwet, 1967 (Microcotylidae), and mostly resembles <i>Polylabris lingaoensis</i> Tingbao, Kritsky, and Jun, 2007 on the presence of follicular testes ranging between 6-8, two rows of parallel microcotylid clamps in the haptoral structure with 35-45 per each, the conical form of the male copulatory organ, as well as the absence of genital armature. Molecular identification of this <i>Polylabris</i> species was conducted through sequencing of the partial nuclear large subunit (<i>28S</i>) of the ribosomal RNA (<i>rRNA</i>) and the mitochondrial gene of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (<i>COI</i>). <i>28S rRNA</i> genetic sequences were found to be conserved across several <i>Polylabris</i> spp., whereas, <i>COI</i> sequences were found to be more informative even with intraspecific variation. Therefore, the isolation of <i>P. lingaoensis</i>, provided herein, represents its first report on a marine sparid fish from Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, the reported sequences are also new genetic data for <i>P. lingaoensis</i>. Our findings will serve as the basis for any future study on monogeneans in Saudi waters.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"61 4","pages":"317-326"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovicidal effect of ethanolic extracts of selected plants on eggs of liver flukes <i>in vitro</i>.","authors":"M Ahmed, A Elamin, M Baha Saeed, M Laing","doi":"10.2478/helm-2024-0036","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2024-0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fasciolosis is a parasitic disease that affects both humans and animals. Due to parasitic resistance to chemical drugs, there has been a growing focus on studying the anthelmintic properties of plants. <i>In vitro</i>, studies were conducted on the ovicidal activity of ethanolic extracts of 29 plants against eggs of liver flukes from cattle. Plants were selected due to their availability and previous literature reports. Each plant's ethanolic extract was tested at a concentration of 20 % of the raw extract. The incubation period was 15 days at 28°C for all treated eggs, while control samples were treated with ethanol and water. Mortality levels of eggs ranged from 0 to 100 %. <i>Moringa oleifera, Ananas comosus, and Foeniculum vulgare</i> caused the highest mortality levels of 100 %, 100 %, and 90 %, respectively, followed by <i>Cymbopogon nardus</i> and <i>Artemisia afra</i>, which caused mortality levels of 62 % and 60 %, respectively. The plant extracts were then used in a concentration-response experiment using 5 %, 10 %, and 20 % extracts. Extracts from <i>Moringa oleifera</i> and <i>Ananas comosus</i> showed the highest ovicidal activity at the three concentrations, followed by <i>F. vulgare</i>, <i>C. nardus</i>, and <i>A. afra</i>. At the 5 % concentration, <i>M. oleifera</i> and <i>A. comosus</i> extracts were both ovicidal, with rates of 83 % and 80 %, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"61 4","pages":"300-307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new entomopathogenic nematode species and its association with a facultative necromenic nematode.","authors":"M B Ávila-López, D I Hernandez-Mena, J E Ibarra, V M Vidal-Martínez","doi":"10.2478/helm-2024-0038","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2024-0038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the report of mixed infection of an entomopathogenic nematode and a free-living bacteriophage nematode both invading <i>Galleria mellonella</i> larvae, apparently showing strong intraguild competition. The entomopathogenic nematodes isolated in this study were classified as <i>Heterorhabditis kankabi</i> n. sp., and <i>Metarhabditis rainai</i> through light and electronic microscopy, sequencing of ITS and 28S ribosomal DNA regions, and phylogenetic analyses. The bacteriophage nematode <i>M. rainai</i> was recognized as a facultative necromenic nematode, as it consumed the food resources obtained by entomopathogenic nematodes, directly affecting the life cycle of the later by stopping their development and forcing them to leave <i>G. mellonella</i> in search of new hosts.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"61 4","pages":"345-356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digenean trematodes (Trematoda: Digenea) parasitizing the digestive system of the great cormorant (<i>Phalacrocorax carbo</i>) in Hungary.","authors":"M Gyöngy, L Juhász, B Sellyei, C Székely, G Cech","doi":"10.2478/helm-2024-0033","DOIUrl":"10.2478/helm-2024-0033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Great cormorants (<i>Phalacrocorax carbo</i>) are widespread piscivorous birds, which cause huge economic losses in the fish fauna worldwide. As a consequence of their predatory behaviour, they serve as definitive hosts for many digenean trematodes, and their digestive systems usually contain several parasite species. Between 2019 and 2022, 131 bird carcasses were collected from Biharugra (Hungary) as culling on the cormorant population. Their digestive systems were subjected to parasitological examination. The studied organs (131 intestines, 44 stomachs and 21 pharynxes) were opened, and their contents were settled in water, filtered, and sorted under microscope. For species identification, sequence analysis of the ITS region was performed. Of the 131 birds, 118 were infected by tapeworms or nematodes, 105 with trematodes, and 10 were parasite-free. The vast majority of obtained sequences (57 of the 105 trematodes) belonged to the genus <i>Petasiger</i> (43/57) and <i>Hysteromorpha triloba</i> (13/57). A single specimen of <i>Metorchis</i> sp. (1/57) as a zoonotic trematode was recorded during our survey. The results confirmed the high trematodes prevalence of the examined cormorants. However, most of them are not considered as human pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"61 4","pages":"308-316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}