Helminthologia最新文献

{"title":"Checklist of The Monogenea (Platyhelminthes) Parasitic in Tunisian Aquatic Vertebrates.","authors":"H Derbel,&nbsp;M Châari,&nbsp;L Neifar","doi":"10.2478/helm-2022-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>153 species of monogeneans have been recorded in Tunisian aquatic vertebrates (89 hosts). A list of these species with hosts is presented. A comparison of the Monogenea diversity off the coast of Tunisia with other regions of the Mediterranean Sea and the world is provided. The number of parasites depends on the number of hosts examined and their diversity in the region. This list shows that Monopisthocotylea is the richest group. In addition, new records have been reported during a survey of the diversity of monogeneans fish in the southern coast of Tunisia (Gulf of Gabes) including: <i>Benedenia monticellii</i> (Parona and Perugia, 1895) Johnston, 1929<i>, Lamellodiscus bidens</i> Euzet, 1984<i>, Lamellodiscus confusus</i> Amine, Euzet & Kechemir-Issad, 2007<i>, Lamellodiscus ergensi</i> Euzet & Oliver, 1966<i>, Lamellodiscus hilii</i> Euzet, 1984<i>, Lamellodiscus impervius</i> Euzet, 1984<i>, Lamellodiscus knoepffleri</i> Oliver, 1969<i>, Lamellodiscus theroni</i> Amine, Euzet & Kechemir-Issad, 2007<i>, Ligophorus acuminatus</i> Euzet & Suriano, 1977<i>, Ligophorus angustus</i> Euzet & Suriano, 1977<i>, Ligophorus heteronchus</i> Euzet & Suriano, 1977<i>, Ligophorus macrocolpos</i> Euzet & Suriano, 1977<i>, Ligophorus minimus</i> Euzet & Suriano, 1977<i>, Capsala maccallumi</i> Price, 1939 and <i>Pseudanthocotyloides heterocotyle</i> (Van Beneden, 1871) Euzet & Prost, 1969.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"59 2","pages":"179-199"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/77/cd/helm-59-179.PMC9444210.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40365935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of <i>Hemicycliophora Conida</i> from Russia.","authors":"S Tabolin,&nbsp;T Kolganova","doi":"10.2478/helm-2022-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A population of the sheath nematodes, identified as <i>Hemicycliophora conida</i>, has been reported from a natural habitat in Moscow, Russia. This paper includes morphological, morphometric and molecular data of the population.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"59 3","pages":"317-320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2e/33/helm-59-317.PMC9831520.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9187712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Phylogenetic Assessment of Nematodes (Oxyuroidea: Pharyngodonidae) Infecting Moroccan Lizards.","authors":"O Er-Rguibi,&nbsp;D J Harris,&nbsp;A Aglagane,&nbsp;E M Laghzaoui,&nbsp;L Kimdil,&nbsp;A Abbad,&nbsp;E H El Mouden","doi":"10.2478/helm-2022-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molecular tools can be used to estimate the phylogeny of species and to identify cryptic diversity, but their use for parasites has lagged behind that of free-ranging organisms. As an example, in North Africa there is minimal molecular data available for helminth parasites of lizards. In this work we used two molecular markers (the nuclear 18S rRNA and the mitochondrial Cytochrome <i>c</i> Oxidase subunit 1) to investigate the diversity of nematodes of the family Pharyngodonidae parasitizing three genera of lizards from Morocco (<i>Chalcides</i>, <i>Quedenfeldtia</i> and <i>Tarentola</i>) and to explore their co-evolutionary history. Morphological assessments indicated that members of three genera were present: <i>Spauligodon</i>, <i>Thelandros</i>, and <i>Parapharyngodon</i>. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA sequences indicated the monophyly of the genus <i>Spauligodon</i>, and that some lineages could be distinguished, including <i>Spauligodon auziensis</i> from the host species <i>Tarentola mauritanica</i>, and another unnamed lineage from hosts of the genus <i>Chalcides</i>. However, with this slow-evolving marker some species could not be distinguished. The genus <i>Thelandros</i> was not monophyletic, although relationships were not strongly supported. Analysis of the faster evolving mitochondrial marker clearly separated various species of <i>Spauligodon</i>, as well as distinct unnamed lineages identified in the host genus <i>Chalcides</i> and the host <i>Quedenfeldtia moerens</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"59 3","pages":"275-283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ef/5b/helm-59-275.PMC9831515.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9187714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of <i>Tripylina Zhejiangensis</i> Associated with Grassland in South Africa.","authors":"E Shokoohi","doi":"10.2478/helm-2022-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Specimens of <i>Tripylina zhejiangensis,</i> collected from natural grass in the Free State Province of South Africa, were identified morphologically and molecularly. This species characterizes by body length (1037 - 1128 μm), a = 27.3 - 35.3, b = 5.1 - 5.6, c = 16.1 - 19.8, c' = 2.5 - 3.4, V = 62 - 65. Molecular analysis was also undertaken, based on the 28S rDNA regions, and confirmed this population as <i>T. zhejiangensis</i>. Phylogenetic analysis using the Bayesian inference method, places this population in a clade close to <i>T. zhejiangensis</i> with a 1.00 posterior probability value. According to the knowledge, this is the first report of the genus <i>Tripylina</i> and its species from South Africa. Besides, this is the second report of <i>T</i>. <i>zhejiangensis</i> worldwide after the original description from China.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"59 3","pages":"311-316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a9/d9/helm-59-311.PMC9831513.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9187715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intestinal Parasitic Infection Among Rural Schoolchildren in Taiz, Yemen: School-based Assessment of The Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors.","authors":"T Alharazi","doi":"10.2478/helm-2022-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yemen is an underdeveloped country plagued by poverty, disease, and social conflicts. Furthermore, most of the population lives in rural areas and is vulnerable to intestinal parasite infections (IPI). School-based cross-sectional studies were conducted between 1 February and 31 March 2019 among schoolchildren in rural communities in the Sabir Almawadim and Almawasit districts of Taiz, southwest Yemen. A structured questionnaire collected information regarding sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors. Wet mount and formol-ether concentration techniques were used to detect and identify intestinal parasites in stool specimens. The stool specimens were collected from each study participant using a clean, leak-proof, and adequately labeled stool cup. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS version 20. Of the 478 students screened for intestinal parasites, 245 (51.26 %) had at least one parasite. The prevalence of protozoa was higher than helminths (30.3 % versus 20.9 %, respectively). The percentages of single, double, and triple infections were 37.4 %, 4.4 %, and 1.7 %, respectively. <i>Giardia lamblia</i> was the most prevalent pathogen (15.5 %), followed by <i>E. hisrolyrica/dispar</i> (14.9 %), <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> (13.3 %), <i>Ascaris lumbricoides</i> (3.8 %), <i>Trichuris trichiura</i> (2.9 %), <i>and Enterobius vermicularis</i> (1.3 %). Multivariate analysis confirmed that practicing unwashed hands before eating, open field defecation, unwashed fruits and vegetables, and dirty unclipped fingernails were the most significant predictors of high risk of IPIs (<i>p</i> <0.05). Regarding <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i>, multivariate analysis identified the behaviors of practicing swimming in the river/ponds and practicing open defecation, especially near water sources, as independent risk factors for <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> infection among schoolchildren. The current study showed that rural areas in Taiz were significantly infected with IPIs, showing that IPIs remains a significant public health problem in low-income communities. Consequently, prevention efforts should focus on treating and deworming schoolchildren regularly, promoting health education in rural schools, conducting personal hygiene inspections for students, and ensuring that schools have sanitary facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"59 3","pages":"233-245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1c/37/helm-59-233.PMC9831518.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10671896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and Phylogenetic Description of Cystic Echinococcosis Isolate from Egyptian Camel (<i>Camelus Dromedarius</i>).","authors":"I S Elshahawy,&nbsp;M A El-Seify,&nbsp;Z K Ahamed,&nbsp;M M Fawaz","doi":"10.2478/helm-2022-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cystic echinococcosis is one of the most significant cyclo-zoonotic diseases of major economic and public health significance worldwide. The current study was carried out to determine the epidemiological profile of cystic echinococcosis as well as to investigate its molecular and phylogenic status from one-humped camel (<i>Camelus dromedarius</i>) in the southern region of Egypt. In the present work, 110 camels freshly slaughtered at Daraw abattoirs, Aswan governorate were inspected for the presence of Hydatid cysts (HCs) visually and manually by palpation and incision, over a period of one year (June, 2018 - May, 2019). Furthermore, fourteen fertile hydatid cyst samples were collected from lungs of slaughtered camels. DNA extraction from two fertile samples was successfully achieved followed by phylogenetic analysis on two mitochondrial genes (<i>cox1</i>and <i>nad1</i>). Out of 110 camels slaughtered 11 (10 %) were found harboring hydatid cysts. The infection was found to prevail throughout the year, with the highest peak encountered in winter (45.5 %). The lungs were the most frequently infected organs (72.7 %) with liver cysts occurring at a significantly lower rate (27.3 %). The mean value of total protein, glucose, urea, cholesterol, magnesium, potassium, copper and creatinine was higher in cystic fluid from camels as compared to cattle. Blast and phylogenetic analysis on sequenced genes showed the presence of <i>Echinococcus intermedius</i>, originally the pig genotype (G7) in camels for the first time in Egypt. To the best of our knowledge, the current research provides a description of the current epidemiological and molecular situation of camel hydatidosis in the southern region of Egypt. Furthermore, the current results may have significant implications for hydatid disease control in the studied region.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"59 3","pages":"253-264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/59/05/helm-59-253.PMC9831517.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9172652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Variation of <i>Taenia Saginata</i> Cyst Isolates from Iraq Based on Mitochondrial COX1 Sequences.","authors":"A A Mohammed","doi":"10.2478/helm-2022-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The zoonotic parasite disease of economic and public health relevance is bovine cysticercosis, resulting from the larval stage of <i>Taenia saginata</i>. The presented research aims to identify intraspecific variation in <i>T. saginata</i> isolated from cattle in Iraq's Sulaymaniyah province using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COX1) gene. Sequence analysis of the COX1 gene revealed that five distinct haplotypes were identified in 37 <i>T. saginata</i> specimens from Iraq. Four of the five <i>T. saginata</i> haplotypes may have been identified for the first time in the world. Phylogenetic research revealed that all <i>T. saginata</i> haplotypes had been clustered in a single clade, with Korean and Iranian isolates sharing a high degree of closeness. In addition, individual haplotypes related to COX1 had a pairwise evolutionary divergence of 0.005- 0.013, whereas the overall evolutionary divergence regarding all five haplotypes ranged between 0.000-0.018. It was concluded that added newly recorded data on <i>T. saginata</i> genetic variation could have substantial implications for taeniasis epidemiology and control.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"59 3","pages":"226-232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e0/a2/helm-59-226.PMC9831522.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9172655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Monetary Losses Associated with Hydatidosis in Slaughtered Ruminants in Turkey.","authors":"M Aciöz,&nbsp;F Bozkaya","doi":"10.2478/helm-2022-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydatidosis is a parasitic zoonotic disease that negatively affects human and animal health and causes economic losses due to slaughter condemnation and risk to public health in developing countries. This study aims to determine the prevalence of Hydatidosis among slaughtered livestock in different regions of Turkey and calculate the financial losses associated with the zoonosis. For this purpose, livestock slaughter records from the livestock information system in 2020 were considered and direct and indirect economic losses were estimated. The study determined the prevalence of hydatidosis in small ruminants (0.03%) and cattle (0.0124%) and an average of 0.007% of the total number of livestock slaughtered during the period under study were infected with hydatid cysts. The direct and indirect economic losses were estimated at $98.558 and $466.891, respectively. The total monetary loss due to Hydatidosis in Turkey in the year 2020 was estimated at $565.448. In conclusion, significant monetary losses due to Hydatidosis in slaughtered livestock is still an important economic issue to livestock traders in Turkey.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"59 3","pages":"246-252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c6/a7/helm-59-246.PMC9831519.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10671895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Litter Additions Reduce the Side Effects of Biocides on Soil Nematode Communities in <i>Illicium Verum</i> Forest.","authors":"Y Lü,&nbsp;W F Xue,&nbsp;P P Yan","doi":"10.2478/helm-2022-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The application of biocides may create unintended consequences on soil biota and ecosystem stability. The inputs of organic matter can increase biocides adsorption and reduction of non-target organisms influence. A field experiment was conducted to study the changes of soil abiotic and nematode communities resulting from biocides application in non-litter-added and litter-added soils in <i>Illicium verum</i> forest. Our results showed that litter addition could change the responses of soil nematodes to biocides. The influence of fungicide was evident mainly in litter-added plots in which it increased nematode abundance. Insecticide and its interaction with fungicide significantly decreased the diversity index and the abundance of omnivores-predators and herbivores in non-litter-added plots. While, insecticide had little effect on nematode diversity and abundance in litter-added plots. Litter addition may help to maintain the structure and stability of soil food web and result in bacteria dominant decomposition pathway. Our results suggest that litter addition may be a critical factor for maintaining soil ecosystem stability when biocides are applied in <i>Illicium verum</i> forest.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"59 3","pages":"301-310"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f5/8d/helm-59-301.PMC9831514.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10671893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does <i>in Vitro</i> and <i>in Vivo</i> Exposure To Medicinal Herbs Cause Structural Cuticular Changes in <i>Haemonchus Contortus</i>?","authors":"M Komáromyová,&nbsp;D Barčák,&nbsp;A Königová,&nbsp;M Urda Dolinská,&nbsp;M Várady","doi":"10.2478/helm-2022-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2022-0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The health and production of small ruminants in constantly menaced by parasitic infections, especially those caused by the blood-sucking gastrointestinal nematode <i>Haemonchus contortus</i>. The aim of this study was to assess the structural cuticular changes in adult <i>H. contortus</i> induced by the use of extracts from local medicinal plants and to examine their ovicidal activity. Previous studies have confirmed the beneficial effect of herbal mixtures in preventing haemonchosis in lambs by lowering fecal egg production and improving immunocompetence. We exposed adult <i>H. contortus</i> to Herbmix (a mixture of medicinal plants) under <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> conditions for observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For the <i>in vivo</i> observations, adult worms were isolated from the abomasa of experimentally infected lambs from a Herbmix group and a control group. Surface structure did not differ significantly between the exposed and control groups. The ovicidal activity of an aqueous Herbmix extract was assessed <i>in vitro</i>, establishing the inhibition of hatching with an ED₅₀ of 6.52 mg/mL. Adult worms for <i>in vitro</i> examination were isolated from experimentally infected lambs and incubated in Herbmix aqueous extracts for 24 h. SEM observations indicated that none of the worms had prominent ultrastructural changes on their cuticles. This study suggests that previously demonstrated antiparasitic effects of medicinal plants did not negatively affect adult parasites by damaging their external structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":55061,"journal":{"name":"Helminthologia","volume":"59 3","pages":"265-274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/87/68/helm-59-265.PMC9831516.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10671894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}