IET Communications最新文献

{"title":"A Novel FBMC/QAM Scheme to Eliminate the Error Floor in Multipath Channels","authors":"Yufeng Zhang,&nbsp;Xueqin Chen","doi":"10.1049/cmu2.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cmu2.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To eliminate the error floor of filter bank multicarrier with quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC/QAM) in multipath fading channels, a novel cyclic prefix–based FBMC/QAM (CP-FBMC/QAM) scheme is proposed in this paper. The proposed CP-FBMC/QAM scheme only requires simple single-tap channel equalization to compensate for the influence of multipath channels. Moreover, we formulate a prototype filter optimization problem by minimising the interference powers subject to the spectrum localization constraints and derive prototype filters with good spectrum confinement for CP-FBMC/QAM. The proposed prototype filters can eliminate the impact of CP insertion on the spectrum confinement. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of CP-FBMC/QAM in terms of spectrum confinement and bit error rate performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":55001,"journal":{"name":"IET Communications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/cmu2.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Analysis for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Aided Cache-Enabled Wireless Networks","authors":"Jinbo Liu,&nbsp;Shaohui Sun","doi":"10.1049/cmu2.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cmu2.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Locally caching at base stations (BSs) can increase the network capacity as well as reduce the backhaul burden. However, it iremains an open problem whether it could increase energy efficiency (EE) for the future sixth-generation (6G) network when the offloading link is in a deep fading condition. In order to analyse this problem, we attempt to analyse the energy efficiency of cache-enabled wireless communication system assisted by reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), which is a new paradigm to increase EE. First, by considering the central limit theorem and Jensen's inequality, we obtain the approximated expression for EE when the number of RIS reflecting elements is very large. Secondly, due to the adoption of the RIS-User/BS random association and a new BS-RIS-User wireless link, we analyse the performance between EE and the number of RIS reflecting elements under some condition. Finally, it is shown by full simulation that it is valid of our analysis, meanwhile, we gain the optimal cache capacity and the optimal transmission power of BS to maximize EE. Moreover, we show that the help of RIS can improve EE when the system is noise-limited due to RIS can improve the signal power and has very low transmit power, but EE decreases in an interference-limited system. Furthermore, we obtain the optimal number of BSs at the minimum EE in interference-limited system, but EE decreases as the number of BS increases when the system is noise-limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":55001,"journal":{"name":"IET Communications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/cmu2.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compact Dual-Band Microstrip Array Feed Network Using CRLH-TL Power Dividers","authors":"Aslan Nouri Moqadam,&nbsp;Hadi Sharifi,&nbsp;Reza Masoumi,&nbsp;Hossein Khalili,&nbsp;Mohammad Bemani","doi":"10.1049/cmu2.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cmu2.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper introduces a novel, dual-band, compact 1:4 feed network employing a parallel power divider architecture designed to operate at 0.915 and 2.44 GHz, covering both industrial, scientific, and medical and ultra high frequency bands. The design leverages the non-linear phase characteristics of composite right/left-handed transmission lines to achieve dual-band functionality with high precision. Simulation results confirm the efficacy of the proposed network, which delivers quadrature-phase outputs with a 90° phase shift and uniform power distribution across all output ports, facilitating wideband circular polarisation in array antenna applications. Compared to traditional series power dividers, the parallel power divider offers significant advantages in terms of fabrication simplicity, reduced size, and lower manufacturing costs. The design avoids the use of non-radiating composite right/left-handed transmission lines and addresses impedance-matching challenges through the implementation of only three resistors, effectively isolating the output ports. The proposed architecture is highly scalable and can be easily adapted to various output port configurations, frequencies, and power division ratios, offering broad flexibility for a wide range of microwave applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":55001,"journal":{"name":"IET Communications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/cmu2.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Efficient Cluster Based Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Multiobjective-Perturbed Learning and Mutation Strategy Based Artificial Rabbits Optimisation","authors":"Babiyola Arulanandam,&nbsp;Khalid Nazim Abdul Sattar,&nbsp;Rocío Pérez de Prado,&nbsp;Bidare Divakarachar Parameshchari","doi":"10.1049/cmu2.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cmu2.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a wireless system including the set of distributed sensor nodes used for physical or environmental observation. A network energy expenditure is considered as a significant concern because of battery restricted sensors of the WSN. Clustering and multi hop routing are considered as effective approaches to enhance the network lifecycle and communication. Achieving the anticipated objective of reducing the energy expenditure, thereby increasing the network lifecycle, is considered as an optimisation issue. In recent times, a nature inspired meta-heuristic approaches are extensively utilised for solving the different optimisation issues. In this context, this research aims to accomplish the objective by proposing the multiobjective-perturbed learning and mutation strategy based artificial rabbits optimisation namely M-PMARO for an optimum cluster head (CH) selection and route discovery. The proposed M-PMARO incorporates an experience based perturbed learning (EPL) and mutation strategy to identify the capable regions over the search space for enhancing the exploration and avoiding the local optima issue. To formulate the multiobjective, the residual energy, average intracluster distance, average base station (BS) distance, CH balancing factor (CHBF) and node centrality are incorporated for optimum CH discovery while the residual energy and average BS distance are considered for multi hop routing. The M-PMARO is analysed based on alive nodes, dead nodes, energy expenditure, throughput and data received in BS and network lifecycle. The viability of M-PMARO is validated by comparing it with existing approaches such as fitness based glowworm swarm with fruitfly algorithm (FGF), energy balanced particle swarm optimisation (EBPSO), improved bat optimisation algorithm (IBOA), graph neural network (GNN) and fuzzy logic and particle swarm optimisation (PSO) based clustering routing protocol namely PFCRE. The alive node count of M-PMARO is 100 for 1200 rounds, which is higher than the EBPSO.</p>","PeriodicalId":55001,"journal":{"name":"IET Communications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/cmu2.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRAFIC Framework: Multi-Account Collaborative Fraud Detection, Efficient Feature Extraction and Relationship Modelling Combined with CNN-LSTM and Graph Attention Network","authors":"Li Yangyan,&nbsp;Chen Tingting","doi":"10.1049/cmu2.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cmu2.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study proposed a complex fraud detection framework called CRAFIC (complex relationship analysis for fraud identification and cost management), which combines deep learning and graph neural networks to address complex fraud behaviours such as multi account collaborative fraud. The study used the DataCo Global supply chain dataset and the IEEE-CIS fraud detection dataset to extract order features using convolutional neural networks and long short term memory networks, and analysed the relationships between orders using graph attention networks to reveal complex fraud patterns. The results show that the CRAFIC framework performs well in both single order and collaborative fraud detection tasks. In single order fraud detection, the accuracy of the CRAFIC framework increased from the initial 45.21% to 93.75%, and the loss value decreased from 1.19 to 0.14, significantly better than other models. In collaborative fraud detection, the accuracy of the CRAFIC framework reached 90.3%, once again surpassing other models. These results validate the advantages of the CRAFIC framework in multimodal data fusion and complex relationship modelling. The CRAFIC framework reveals complex fraud patterns, optimizes internal controls and audit processes, enhances data security measures, prevents system vulnerabilities from being exploited, and enhances market reputation and customer trust.</p>","PeriodicalId":55001,"journal":{"name":"IET Communications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/cmu2.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A RIS-Based Single-Channel Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Method for Communication Signals","authors":"Keming Ma,&nbsp;Qinlong Li,&nbsp;Kaizhi Huang,&nbsp;Ming Yi,&nbsp;Liang Jin","doi":"10.1049/cmu2.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cmu2.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) makes direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation possible for single-antenna receivers. However, non-ideal situations such as spectral aliasing occur when facing communication signals using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation. This paper proposes a RIS-based single-channel DOA estimation method for communication signals. Specifically, by extending the time intervals to dynamically reduce the RIS state change rate, a real-time DOA estimation is achieved while mitigating the impact of non-ideal spectral shifts on communication. Then, based on the compressed sensing and mutual incoherence property, the method exploits the sparse property of the signal in space to reduce the estimation time while improving the estimation accuracy. Simulation results show an <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>86</mn>\u0000 <mo>%</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$86%$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> reduction in computation time for the proposed method compared to the traditional CVX tool. Additionally, the estimation accuracy is as low as <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>0.02</mn>\u0000 <mo>deg</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$0.02deg$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>. To verify the practicality and robustness, we develop a prototype system and conduct extensive experiments. The results are consistent with our theoretical analysis, and the method proposed in this paper can realize single-path DOA estimation with an accuracy of less than <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>0.1</mn>\u0000 <mo>deg</mo>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$0.1deg$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> within <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>0.4276</mn>\u0000 <mspace></mspace>\u0000 <mi>s</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$0.4276text{ s}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>. More excitingly, the presented experimental platform achieves DOA estimation for two coherent paths.</p>","PeriodicalId":55001,"journal":{"name":"IET Communications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/cmu2.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical layer security in satellite communication: State-of-the-art and open problems","authors":"Nora Abdelsalam,&nbsp;Saif Al-Kuwari,&nbsp;Aiman Erbad","doi":"10.1049/cmu2.12830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cmu2.12830","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Satellite communications have emerged as a promising extension of terrestrial networks in future 6G network research due to their extensive coverage in remote areas and their ability to support the increasing traffic rate and heterogeneous networks. Like other wireless communication technologies, satellite signals are transmitted in a shared medium, making them vulnerable to attacks such as eavesdropping, jamming, and spoofing. A good candidate to overcome these issues is physical layer security (PLS), which utilizes physical layer characteristics to provide security, mainly due to its suitability for resource-limited devices such as satellites and IoT devices. This paper provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of PLS solutions to secure satellite communication. Main satellite applications are classified into five domains: satellite-terrestrial, satellite-based IoT, satellite navigation systems, FSO-based, and inter-satellite. In each domain, how PLS can improve the overall security of the system, preserve desirable security properties, and resist widespread attacks are discussed and investigated. Finally, some gaps in the related literature are highlight and open research problems, including uplink secrecy techniques, smart threat models, authentication and integrity techniques, PLS for inter-satellite links, and machine learning-based PLS, are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55001,"journal":{"name":"IET Communications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/cmu2.12830","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep multi-agent RL for anti-jamming and inter-cell interference mitigation in NOMA networks","authors":"Sina Yousefzadeh Marandi,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Amirabadi,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Kahaei,&nbsp;S. Mohammad Razavizadeh","doi":"10.1049/cmu2.12872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cmu2.12872","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Inter-cell interference and smart jammer attacks significantly impair the performance of non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) networks. This issue is particularly critical when considering strategic interactions with malicious actors. To address this challenge, the power allocation problem is framed in a two-cell NOMA network as a sequential game. In this game, each base station acts as a leader, choosing a power allocation strategy, while the smart jammer acts as a follower, reacting optimally to the base stations' choices. To address this multi-agent scenario, four multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithms are proposed: Q-learning based unselfish (QLU), deep QLU, hot booting deep QLU, and decreased state deep QLU. A game-theoretic analysis that demonstrates the algorithms' convergence to the optimal network-wide strategy with high probability is provided. Simulation results further confirm the superiority of our proposed algorithms compared to the Q-learning-based selfish NOMA power allocation method.</p>","PeriodicalId":55001,"journal":{"name":"IET Communications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/cmu2.12872","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A squeeze-and-excitation network for SNR estimation of communication signals","authors":"Deming Hu,&nbsp;Yongjie Zhao,&nbsp;WenJun Xie,&nbsp;Qingxin Xiao,&nbsp;Longqing Li","doi":"10.1049/cmu2.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cmu2.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) estimation is critical in wireless communication systems as it directly impacts system performance and the assessment of signal quality. Recent advances in deep learning-based SNR estimation have significantly improved estimation accuracy in low SNR conditions. This paper presents a novel deep learning approach that uses a power spectrum generated through overlapping segmentation as input to a neural network for SNR estimation. The performance of SNR estimation has been enhanced by integrating an augmented squeeze-and-excitation (SE) attention mechanism with a residual block fusion module, employing multiple residual structures, and deepening the network architecture. To validate the efficacy of this method, extensive simulation experiments were conducted under various scenarios, including additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), Rayleigh, and Rician channel conditions. The results demonstrate that this method outperforms state-of-the-art techniques in high SNR environments and across diverse channel conditions. Furthermore, there is only minimal performance degradation under low signal-to-noise ratio conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55001,"journal":{"name":"IET Communications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/cmu2.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143389233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic spectrum sharing based on federated learning in smart grids and power communication networks","authors":"Xiaoyong Wang,&nbsp;Qiusheng Yu,&nbsp;Depin Lv,&nbsp;Tongtong Yang,&nbsp;Yongjing Wei,&nbsp;Lei Liu,&nbsp;Pu Zhang,&nbsp;Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Wensheng Zhang","doi":"10.1049/cmu2.12766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cmu2.12766","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As the guaranteed basis for providing communication services, the power communication network plays a vital role in the smart grid. However, during natural disasters, wired communication networks have inherent limitations and come with substantial construction and maintenance costs, which makes it difficult to function effectively. Therefore, it is imperative to apply wireless communication to smart grids and power communication networks in emergency scenarios. To solve the problems of spectrum resource scarcity and insufficient spectrum utilization in wireless communication, the integration of cognitive radio networks (CRNs) into smart grids and power communication networks is considered, which can effectively solve the problems and promote their development. Based on the deep reinforcement learning (DRL) and federated learning (FL) algorithms, this paper proposes a novel dynamic spectrum sharing framework which is applied to smart grids and power communication networks in emergency scenarios. In the proposed framework, the maximum entropy based multi-agent actor-critic (ME-MAAC) algorithm is used as the local learning model, which can not only improve system performance but also help power users to choose an optimum dynamic spectrum sharing strategy. It can be seen from the simulation results that the proposed scheme has better performance in reward value, access rate, and convergence speed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55001,"journal":{"name":"IET Communications","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/cmu2.12766","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}