Infection Genetics and Evolution最新文献

{"title":"Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Trueperella abortisuis recovered from the feline reproductive tract.","authors":"Siti Gusti Ningrum, Antonia Kreitlow, Christoph Lämmler, Martin Metzner, Madeleine Plötz, Amir Abdulmawjood","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large numbers of infections and effective treatment or control depend on the ability to identify the causative agents of animal infections. Here we describe a study of an isolate DG22/1209/12 obtained from vaginal pus exudate collected from a Siamese cat. The isolate was believed to be a member of Trueperella abortisuis, which is related to problems with reproduction. The most important was to identify this isolate by applying different techniques of diagnosis. It included phenotypic testing, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and molecular techniques such as amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, intergenic spacer region (ISR), and the gap and tuf genes. Phenotypic tests confirmed the identification of DG22/1209/12 as T. abortisuis. Finally, the identification was confirmed with MALDI-TOF MS analysis which demonstrated log (score) value of 2.09 indicating a secure genus identification, probable species identification on T. abortisuis. Molecular analysis revealed a high sequence identity of 99.9 %, 99.5 %, 99.4 %, and 99.5 % for the 16S rRNA gene, ISR, gap, and tuf genes, respectively, for both the isolate DG22/1209/12 and the reference isolate T. abortisuis DSM 19515^T. The study highlights the effectiveness of combining phenotypic and genomic methods to accurately identify bacterial pathogens in veterinary medicine, leading towards focused intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":" ","pages":"105697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic characteristics and diversity of PDC variants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its clinical relevance.","authors":"Maruthan Karthik, Srujal Kacha, Subbulakshmi Rajendran, Yamuna Devi Bakthavatchalam, Binesh Lal, Kamini Walia, Balaji Veeraraghavan","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibits significant antibiotic resistance facilitated by both intrinsic and acquired mechanisms, prominently through Pseudomonas-derived cephalosporinase (PDC), serine Ambler class C β-lactamases encoded by the AmpC. AmpC, involved in the peptidoglycan recycling pathway, is regulated by genes such as ampD, ampR, and ampG, leading to increased expression and resistance to various beta-lactams. PDCs are classified into three main types: classical class C β-lactamases, extended-spectrum class C β-lactamases (ESAC β-lactamases), and inhibitor-resistant class C β-lactamases. This study aimed to identify prevalent PDC variants and its genetic characteristics in Indian and global P. aeruginosa isolates, focusing on their role in β-lactam resistance. Analyzing PDC sequences from 111 P. aeruginosa isolates collected at Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore, we found the ESAC allele PDC-447 to be the most widespread among Indian isolates, present in 18 % of carbapenem-resistant and 11 % of carbapenem-susceptible strains. Global and Indian isolates PDC variants were validated using the NCBI PathogenWatch database, and the sequenced PDC region compared to PDC-1. PDC-398 and PDC-397 followed in prevalence among carbapenem-resistant isolates, while PDC-5 (ESAC) and PDC-1 (classical class C) were common in carbapenem-susceptible strains. A global analysis of 19,478 genomes revealed significant prevalence of ESAC variants such as PDC-3 (17.28 %) and PDC-5 (12.91 %), alongside classical class C beta-lactamases like PDC-8 (10.65 %). Indian isolates exhibited distinct patterns with PDC-3 and PDC-5 prevailing at 19.84 % and 10 %, respectively. Mutations in the omega loop, H-helix, and R2 region of PDCs were linked to enhanced antibiotic resistance, particularly the T105A mutation in the H-helix region. These findings underscore the complexity of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in P. aeruginosa and highlight the need for novel therapeutic strategies and continuous surveillance to manage infections by this versatile pathogen. Understanding the prevalence and genetic characteristics of PDC variants is crucial for effective treatment strategies against P. aeruginosa and combating antibiotic resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":" ","pages":"105701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A potential bimodal interplay between heme and complement factor H 402H in the deregulation of the complement alternative pathway by SARS-CoV-2.","authors":"Stefanos A Tsiftsoglou, Eleni Gavriilaki","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recent discovery that the trimeric SARS-CoV-2 spike S glycoprotein carries heme within an NTD domain pocket of the S1 subunits, suggested that this virus may be cleverly utilizing heme, in addition to the S1 RBD domains, for invading target cells carrying a specific entry receptor like ACE2, TMEM106B and others. Studies during the COVID-19 pandemic revealed that the infectivity of this virus depends on cell surface heparan sulfate and that the infection induces non-canonical activation of the Complement Alternative pathway (AP) on the surface of infected cells. In our recent COVID-19 genomic studies, among the coding SNPs of interest we also detected the presence of the CFH rs1061170, rs800292 and rs1065489 within all the infected patient subgroups examined. The minor C allele of rs1061170 encodes CFH 402H that over the years has been associated with diseases characterized by complement dysregulation namely the age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and the atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). Also, more recently with the diminishment of CD4⁺ T cell responses with ageing. The rs800292 minor allele A encodes CFH 62I that supports enhanced cofactor activity for Complement factor I (CFI). Also, the rs1065489 minor allele T encodes CFH 936D and is located within the CCP16 domain that influences the affinity of CFH with extracellular laminins. A subsequent computational analysis revealed that the CFH residue 402 is located centrally within a heme-binding motif (HBM) in domain CCP7 (³⁹⁸YNQNYGRKF⁴⁰⁶). Heme on the viral spike glycoprotein S1 subunit could recruit CFH 402H for masking free viral particles from opsonisation, and when in proximity to cell surface, act as a bait disrupting CFH 402H from the heparan sulphate coat of the target cells. Publicly available genetic data for European populations indicate that the minor C allele of rs1061170 is present only in haplotypes that carry the major alleles of rs800292 and rs1065489. This combination encodes for CFH 402H that exhibits increased biochemical affinity for heme in proximity, without enhanced cofactor activity for CFI and weaker association with the extracellular matrix. In the theatre of infection, this combination can promote heme-mediated viral infection with weaker complement opsonisation and potential AP deregulation. This strategy may be evolutionary conserved among various classes of infectious agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"126 ","pages":"105698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in livestock farmers, livestock, and livestock products in southern Sri Lanka: A one health approach.","authors":"M R P Kurukulasooriya, L G Tillekeratne, W M D G B Wijayaratne, C K Bodinayake, U H B Y Dilshan, A D De Silva, B P Nicholson, T Østbye, C W Woods, A De S Nagahawatte","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization can lead to subsequent severe infections. Unlike community and hospital-associated types, Livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) transmits to humans through direct contact with livestock and contaminated livestock products. This study aimed to investigate MRSA prevalence and molecular epidemiology in livestock farmers, livestock, and livestock products, including LA-MRSA presence and MRSA abundance in human and animal nasal microbiome, in southern Sri Lanka using a One Health approach. Nasal swabs from farmers and livestock on 50 farms (Nov 2020 - Dec 2021) and livestock products were collected. MRSA was isolated and confirmed using standard microbiological techniques. Staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec typing, spa typing, and multilocus sequence typing were performed. Identified clones were compared with hospital isolates. Metagenomics analysis was performed on selected samples. MRSA prevalence was 24.0 % (12/50) in farms, 7.9 % (12/152) in farmers, 2.1 % (5/240) in livestock, and 1.9 % (3/157) in products. Of 372 S. aureus collected from clinical cultures, 59.4 % were MRSA. MRSA clones were identified in farm personnel (CC5/ST5/t002, CC1/ST1/t127, and ST45/CC45/t026), livestock (CC5/ST5/t002), and clinical cultures (CC5/ST5/t002 and CC5/ST6/t304), with ST45/CC45/t026 and CC5/ST6/t304 reported for the first time in Sri Lanka. LA-MRSA clones (ST389/ST9) were not detected. Animals had more diverse nasal microbiomes and lower MRSA abundance (<1.4 %) compared to humans (>82.3 %). MRSA colonization prevalence in southern Sri Lanka was relatively low. Two new clones and no LA-MRSA clones were identified. This study highlights the importance of continuing MRSA surveillance under the One Health framework to identify MRSA transmission between humans, animals, and the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":" ","pages":"105693"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of two novel foamy viruses in sea lions and dolphins provides insight into their evolutionary history.","authors":"Xiaoyuan Hu, Youyou Li, Yun Zhang, Zihan Li, Lei Dong, Shijie Bai, Gaoyu Wang, Ruoyan Peng, Yi Huang, Xin Li, Chuanning Tang, Xiuji Cui, Lina Niu, Gang Lu, Jiang Du, Feifei Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence and evolution of foamy viruses (FVs) have become the focus of research because of the risk of new zoonotic diseases. FVs have been isolated from various mammals and exhibit long-term co-speciation with their hosts. They also appear to be mild and nonpathogenic to their hosts. However, they may increase the risk of infection by other pathogens or exacerbate the symptoms of other diseases. Based on the data obtained using next-generation sequencing (NGS), we amplified and obtained the complete genomes of the two new FVs discovered in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and the South American sea lion (Otaria byronia) at the Qingdao Polar Haichang Ocean Park. Analysis and prediction of the novel FV's genomic structure revealed that it was consistent with that of the known mammalian FVs. The polmerase (pol) genes of the novel OFVoby_1 and DFVttr_1 showed less than 61.87 % and 61.83 % amino acid identity, respectively, with other known FVs belonging to the Retroviridae family. The host was likely to carry the FV for a considerable amount of time, as evidenced by the different times DFVttr_1 was discovered. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the pol of OFVoby_1 and DFVttr_1 closely clustered with the FVs of Simiispumavirus and Felispumavirus, respectively. However, they both displayed distinct branches. According to the international committee on taxonomy of viruses (ICTV) FV classification criteria, FVs carried by dolphins and sea lions belong to two new genera within the Spumaretrovirinae subfamily. Using Bayesian analysis to simultaneously determine divergence dates and phylogenetic relationships revealed unique FVs with a divergence date of approximately 60 million years. This study helps us understand the FVs evolution and provides a scientific basis for future investigations into animal-borne infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":" ","pages":"105695"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveillance and agnostic capture sequencing of samples from individuals with rash-associated illness in Mali indicates regional transmission of measles virus from West and Central Africa","authors":"Fousseyni Kané ,&nbsp;John Collins ,&nbsp;Amadou Koné ,&nbsp;Noumou Y. Keita ,&nbsp;Issa Cisse ,&nbsp;Klèma M. Koné ,&nbsp;Dramane Diallo ,&nbsp;Issa Konate ,&nbsp;Djeneba K. Dabitao ,&nbsp;Bassirou Diarra ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Sanogo ,&nbsp;Tenin A. Coulibaly ,&nbsp;Mountaga Diallo ,&nbsp;Daouda Keita ,&nbsp;Cheick O. Tangara ,&nbsp;Mahamadou Diakité ,&nbsp;Sounkalo Dao ,&nbsp;Karine Fouth-Tchos ,&nbsp;Jamila Aboulhab ,&nbsp;Aaron Neal ,&nbsp;Seydou Doumbia","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Measles is vaccine-preventable extremely contagious disease caused by the measles virus. High vaccination coverage is needed to prevent outbreaks of disease. Although molecular surveillance of measles is critical to characterize outbreaks and track viral evolution, few whole-genome sequences of measles virus from West Africa are available despite continual outbreaks in the region. Using VirCapSeq-VERT, an enhanced and comprehensive metagenomic sequencing technique that allows for simultaneous identification of all vertebrate viruses, 23 wild-type near-complete genomes of measles virus from across Mali were obtained from samples collected between January 2012 to October 2022. Other febrile rash illnesses were also identified by VirCapSeq-VERT, demonstrating the advantage of using broad detection agnostic methods when the clinical diagnosis is unclear. Whereas one measles virus sequence was consistent with measles vaccine-associated rash illness (VARI), the remaining 38 were classified within the B3.1 genotype. Broad surveillance throughout Mali reveals regional measles virus transmission across West and Central Africa into Mali, while local clinical testing in Bamako shows stable sequence conservation within genotype B3.1 evolving from Nigerian sequences. The genomic information generated in this study is critical in addressing the lack of whole genome sequences available in West Africa and these findings show the importance of phylogenetically tracking measles outbreaks given recent increases in measles cases globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 105691"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142688531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole genome sequencing reveals circulation of potentially virulent Listeria innocua strains with novel genomic features in cattle farm environments in Dhaka, Bangladesh","authors":"Supantha Rivu ,&nbsp;Abiral Hasib Shourav ,&nbsp;Sangita Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Through the last decade, <em>Listeria</em> spp. has been detected in food and environmental samples in Bangladesh. However, the genomic information of this bacterium that prevails in the country remains scarce. This study analyzed the complete genome sequences of two <em>Listeria</em> spp. isolates obtained from cow dung and their drinking water collected from a cattle farm in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Both the isolates were identified as <em>Listeria innocua</em>, which shared almost identical genomic features. The genome sequences demonstrated the presence of 13 virulence genes associated with invasion (<em>iap/cwh</em>A, <em>gtc</em>A, and <em>lpe</em>A), surface protein anchoring (<em>lsp</em>A), adherence (<em>fbp</em>A, and <em>lap</em>), intracellular survival (<em>lpl</em>A1, and <em>prs</em>A2), peptidoglycan modification (<em>oat</em>A, and <em>pdg</em>A), and heat stress (<em>clp</em>C, <em>clp</em>E, and <em>clp</em>P). Additionally, the gene <em>fos</em>X, conferring resistance to fosfomycin, and two copper resistance-associated genes, <em>copC</em> and <em>csoR</em>, were identified in both. The genome sequences also revealed two plasmid replicons, <em>rep</em>25 and <em>rep</em>32, along with three insertion sequences [ISLmo3 (CP022021), ISLmo7 (CP006611), ISS1N (M37395)]. Notably, a composite transposon [CN_8789_ISS1N (M37395)], was detected in both <em>L. innocua</em> isolates, representing the first documented occurrence of this particular composite transposon in any reported <em>Listeria</em> species. Furthermore, the genomes contained four prophage regions [Listeria phage LP-030-2 (NC_021539), Listeria phage vB_LmoS_188 (NC_028871), Listeria phage A118 (NC_003216) and Escherichia phage RCS47 (NC_042128)]. Two CRISPR arrays were also identified, one belonging to the family type II-A. Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) analysis classified the L. <em>innocua</em> isolates of the same sequence type, ST-637. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis uncovered the presence of 231–340 SNPs between the L. <em>innocua</em> isolates and their closely related global lineage. In contrast, only 42 SNPs were identified between the two isolates, suggesting a potential transmission of L. <em>innocua</em> between cow dung and cattle farm water. The presence of L. <em>innocua</em> isolates harboring virulence genes associated with ruminant infection in the cattle farm environment of Bangladesh raises significant concerns about the potential presence of other human and animal pathogens. This poses a serious threat to the cattle farming industry. Additionally, the genomic analysis of the L. <em>innocua</em> isolates enhances our understanding of the evolutionary dynamics of <em>Listeria</em> species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 105692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142688756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic association of missense (rs2919643), intergenic (rs2057178) and a 3’UTR (rs1009170) variant with tuberculosis: A replication study from India","authors":"Anuradha Gautam,&nbsp;Ahana Dasgupta ,&nbsp;Suvamita Rout ,&nbsp;Samsiddhi Bhattacharjee,&nbsp;Bhaswati Pandit","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105690","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105690","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate host genetic susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB), we conducted a replication study focussed on candidate SNPs, previously reported to be associated with TB. We examined nine candidate SNPs and genotyped them in an independent cohort of TB cases and household contacts from West Bengal, India. The association with TB was replicated for rs2919643 (Chr 18), rs2057178 (Chr 11) and rs1009170 (Chr 14). rs2919643-C (<em>p</em>=8.81E-5) was a risk allele and rs2057178-A (<em>p</em>=0.04188) was protective against TB in our population. Association of rs1009170; previously reported by us with TB was also replicated in the new set of samples (<em>p</em>=0.0359). rs2919643 is a missense variant present in linkage disequilibrium with a TB associated synonymous SNP rs61104666. The risk genotype rs2919643-CC was associated with higher levels of plasma RANTES and IL5 in household contacts. rs2919643 is an eQTL for an immunosuppressive gene <em>SIGLEC15</em> and autophagy related gene <em>EPG5.</em> rs2057178 is an eQTL for a pseudogene and present within weak enhancer marks in the lungs. The genomic locus around this SNP rs1009170 encompasses an active transcription factor peak in CD14⁺ monocytes and also serves as an eQTL for <em>NDUFB1, ATXN3</em> and <em>SLC24A4.</em> TB cases with rs1009170-TT genotype showed lower expression of plasma RANTES compared to the heterozygote<em>.</em> All three associated SNPs have putative regulatory role in lungs and immune associated cells and organs which may be relevant to TB pathogenesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 105690"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First molecular detection of adenoviruses in bats from an urban Atlantic Forest in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","authors":"Beatriz V. Dias ,&nbsp;Natália M. Lanzarini ,&nbsp;Márcia T.B. de Moraes ,&nbsp;Johan Nordgren ,&nbsp;Patrícia E.B. Moura ,&nbsp;Ricardo Moratelli ,&nbsp;Roberto L.M. Novaes ,&nbsp;Sócrates F. Costa-Neto ,&nbsp;Iuri Veríssimo ,&nbsp;Marize P. Miagostovich ,&nbsp;Maria Ogrzewalska ,&nbsp;Marina G. Bueno","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bats comprise one of the most diverse and abundant groups of mammals in the world and host a significant viral diversity with zoonotic potential. Bat adenoviruses (bat AdVs), members of the family <em>Adenoviridae</em>, have been detected in several bat species, suggesting that bats are natural reservoirs. Here, faeces and rectal/anal-swabs were collected from 321 bats of an urban Atlantic Forest remnant from Rio de Janeiro, during 2019–2022, and screened for bat AdV nucleic acid with PCR. The positivity of bat AdVs was 3.7 % (12/321). Twelve individuals of four bat species were infected: <em>Artibeus lituratus</em> (66.7 %; 8/12), <em>Desmodus rotundus</em> (8.3 %; 1/12), <em>Platyrrhinus lineatus</em> (16.7 %; 2/12), and <em>Sturnira lilium</em> (8.3 %; 1/12). Phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide and amino acid sequences showed that the detected bat AdVs clustered into four clades corresponding to the host species, identifying the presence of two potentially new bat adenoviruses. This is the first report of bat AdV detected in <em>Platyrrhinus lineatus</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 105687"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal dynamics of rabies virus detected in rabid dogs in Cameroon, 2010–2021","authors":"Jocelyne Noel Sowe Wobessi ,&nbsp;Jean-Luc Bailly ,&nbsp;Jean-Marc Kameni Feussom ,&nbsp;Richard Njouom ,&nbsp;Serge Alain Sadeuh-Mba","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rabies is a viral zoonosis that causes an estimated 60,000 human deaths each year, mainly in Africa and Asia. The etiological agent of rabies, the <em>Rabies Lyssavirus</em> or Rabies Virus (RABV) has been characterized in dog populations in Cameroon, in previous studies. However, the dynamics of RABV maintenance and propagation in dogs are still to be documented in Cameroon. This study thus, aimed at investigating the spatial and temporal dynamics of RABV variants in Cameroon. Long genomic sequences of about 4893 nucleotides, encompassing the N, P, M and G genes as well as part of the G-L intergenic region (Ψ), were determined from 56 RABV strains recovered from dog populations in Cameroon from 2010 to 2021. Temporal and spatial dynamics of RABV circulation in Cameroon were investigated by Bayesian analyses with the BEAST 1.10.4 package from extended RABV genomic sequences data combined with their collection dates and the geographical coordinates of their sampling areas. This revealed a genetic evolution rate of 3.14 × 10⁻⁴ substitutions/site/year among Africa-1a and Africa-2 clades of RABV from Cameroon. The most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of the studied strains of the Africa-1a lineage was estimated to have emerged between 1880 and 1906 (95 % HPD; mean 1894), while that of the strains of the Africa-2 clade had a slightly later estimated origin between 1907 and 1928 (95 % HPD, mean 1918). Overall, phylogeographic analyses suggested RABV spread in Cameroon between sub-national regions. Our data provides substantial support to previous findings from similar epidemiological settings, indicating human mediated movements of infected dogs between distant cities may be a key factor in the maintenance of the enzootic cycle of rabies among dogs in Cameroon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 105688"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}