Infection Genetics and Evolution最新文献

{"title":"Transmission chains and molecular characterizations of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae at a veterinary hospital in Chengdu, China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rapid emergence of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) is a major global public health concern. Previous studies have identified that intensive medical care of dogs and cats in veterinary hospitals have accelerated the infections and spread of ESBL-E. To investigate the spread of ESBL-E in a veterinary hospital, a total of 202 samples including hospitalized animals, veterinary healthcare workers and environment were collected from a veterinary hospital in Chengdu, China. ESBL-E were identified by antimicrobial susceptibility testing and 16 s rRNA sequencing and were further conducted on ESBL gene detection and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). At last, strains with transmission potential were analyzed by whole genome sequencing (WGS). Our results showed that the overall prevalence of ESBL-positive isolates was 34.7% (70/202), with 55.3% (26/47) in animals, 29.3% (12/41) in healthcare workers and 28.1% (32/114) in environment swabs. Twenty diverse MLST types were detected, with ST744, ST231 as the most prevalent ones. Transmission chains of two ESBL-<em>E.coli</em> (ST744 <em>bla</em>_CTX-M-18, <em>bla</em>_TEM-1) from cat_21 to cat_14, and two ESBL<em>-Kp</em> (ST231 <em>bla</em>_CTX-M-27<em>, bla</em>_TEM-1, <em>bla</em>_SHV-1) from cat_20 to cat_37 were further confirmed by WGS. Furthermore, interdisciplinary investigation and cooperation of AMR are needed to better limit the transmissions of high-risk strains and to implement effective public health interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134824001096/pdfft?md5=3e52c935d35938d336fa63500485e426&pid=1-s2.0-S1567134824001096-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic epidemiology of multidrug-resistant clinical Acinetobacter baumannii in Bangladesh","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rising frequency of multidrug-resistant (MDR) <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> infections represents a significant public health challenge in Bangladesh. Genomic analysis of bacterial pathogens enhances surveillance and control efforts by providing insights into genetic diversity, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles, and transmission dynamics. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of 82 whole-genome sequences (WGS) of <em>A. baumannii</em> from Bangladesh to understand their genomic epidemiological characteristics. WGS of the MDR and biofilm-forming <em>A. baumannii</em> strain S1C revealed the presence of 28 AMR genes, predicting its pathogenicity and classification within sequence type ST2. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) genotyping suggested heterogeneity in the distribution of clinical <em>A. baumannii</em> strains in Bangladesh, with a predominance of ST575. The resistome diversity was evident from the detection of 82 different AMR genes, with antibiotic inactivation being the most prevalent resistance mechanism. All strains were predicted to be multidrug-resistant. The observed virulence genes were associated with immune evasion, biofilm formation, adherence, nutrient acquisition, effector delivery, and other mechanisms. Mobile genetic elements carrying AMR genes were predicted in 68.29% (<em>N</em> = 56) of the genomes. The “open” state of the pan-genome and a high proportion of accessory genes highlighted the genome plasticity and diversity of <em>A. baumannii</em> in Bangladesh. Additionally, phylogenomic analysis indicated clustering of <em>A. baumannii</em> strains into three separate clades according to sequence type. In summary, our findings offer detailed insights into the genomic landscape of <em>A. baumannii</em> in Bangladesh, contributing to our understanding of its epidemiology and pathogenicity and informing strategies to combat this pathogen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134824001072/pdfft?md5=c10de7b859074f99ee2ccbdb81f019fa&pid=1-s2.0-S1567134824001072-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and genotyping techniques in diagnosis of Coxiella burnetii: An overview","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although we live in the genomic era, the accessibility of the complete genome sequence of <em>Coxiella burnetii</em>, the etiological agent of Q fever, has increased knowledge in the field of genomic diversity of this agent However, it is still somewhat of a “question” microorganism. The epidemiology of Q fever is intricate due to its global distribution, repository and vector variety, as well as absence of surveys defining the dynamic interaction among these factors. Moreover, <em>C. burnetii</em> is a microbial agent that can be utilized as a bioterror weapon. Therefore, typing techniques used to recognize the strains can also be used to trace infections back to their source which is of great significance. In this paper, the latest and current typing techniques of <em>C. burnetii</em> spp. are reviewed illustrating their advantages and constraints. Recently developed multi locus VNTR analysis (MLVA) and single-nucleotide polymorphism <strong>(</strong>SNP) typing methods are promising in improving diagnostic capacity and enhancing the application of genotyping techniques for molecular epidemiologic surveys of the challenging pathogen. However, most of these studies did not differentiate between <em>C. burnetii</em> and <em>Coxiella</em>-like endosymbionts making it difficult to estimate the potential role that ticks play in the epidemiology of Q fever. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the vector competence of different tick species to transmit <em>C. burnetii</em>. Knowledge of the vector and reservoir competence of ticks is important for taking adequate preventive measures to limit infection risks. The significant prevalence observed for the <em>IS1111</em> gene underscores its substantial presence, while other genes display comparatively lower prevalence rates. Methodological variations, particularly between commercial and non-commercial kit-based methods, result in different prevalence outcomes. Variations in sample processing procedures also lead to significant differences in prevalence rates between mechanical and non-mechanical techniques.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134824001060/pdfft?md5=4cfe94f442e187642ba75a305afe2429&pid=1-s2.0-S1567134824001060-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genetic diversity and evolution analysis of the Hainan melioidosis outbreak strains","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Melioidosis is a zoonotic disease, with its outbreaks being rare and indicative of an unusual concurrence of extreme climate and natural environmental factors. An outbreak of melioidosis cases emerged in Hainan following Typhoon “Dianmu” from October to December 2021, presenting an opportunity to identify the environmental sources of infection for these cases due to its nature as a well-defined point-source cluster. To investigate the relationship between the occurrence of these melioidosis cases and the environment, we extracted the entire genome of 25 clinical strains and conducted MLST typing, followed by whole genome sequencing and analysis of molecular genetic information for four ST46 genotypes from these strains. Phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships between Hainan sequence types (STs) and those found in other endemic regions were analyzed using IslandPath-DIMO, PHASTER, e-BURST, PHYLOViZ, and the maximum likelihood method. Notably, a total of 25 clinical strains were identified, encompassing 12 STs (ST46, ST1105, ST1991, ST30, ST1992, ST50, ST164, ST55, ST70, ST1993, ST1545, and ST58), with ST1991, ST1992, and ST1993 being newly discovered subtypes. PHYLOViZ clustering analysis divided the strains into two groups (A and B), both closely related to the Asian region. Phylogenetic tree analysis further revealed that most of the strains in this study were closely related to those found in Australia and Thailand. Analysis of patient information and visits to their residences suggested that contaminated water sources might be the primary source of infection during this outbreak.</p><p>Our findings underscore that extreme weather events, such as typhoons, significantly increase the infection rate of <em>B. pseudomallei</em>, along with its genetic diversity, necessitating additional prevention strategies to control these <em>B. pseudomallei</em> infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134824001059/pdfft?md5=254761fb461cfc97b2e927c498ab50d0&pid=1-s2.0-S1567134824001059-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis C virus subtype distribution and resistance-associated substitutions in high-risk population groups in Guangdong Province, China","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>In Guangdong Province, hepatitis C virus (HCV) had been found to confer resistance to direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). There were few studies of HCV subtypes and resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) of HCV in different high-risk populations. In this study, we aimed to determine the subtype distribution and the RASs in high-risk population groups, including drug users (DU), men who have sex with men (MSM), female sex workers (FSW), and male patients with sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in Guangdong Province (a highly developed province with a large population).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using a city-based sampling strategy,1356 samples were obtained from different population groups. Phylogenetic analyses determined subtypes based on Core, NS5B, or NS5A sequences. HCV subtype distribution and RASs in various risk groups and regions were analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Ten subtypes, of which 6 h and 6 k were novel in Guangdong, were identified. The primary subtype among all risk groups was 6a. RASs in 1b and 3a were different from those observed in other studie<u>s</u>. Subtype 3b in western Guangdong was higher than the other three regions. No RASs were found in 6a or any other genotype 6.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The HCV subtypes are expanding in high-risk populations in Guangdong. Drug use by other risk groups and commercial sex by DU may bridge the dissemination of 6a from DU to other populations. The RAS profiles of 1b and 3a differed from those reported in studies conducted in southwestern China. Further research is required to determine the reason for this discrepancy. Moreover, the combination of RASs was high in subtype 3b. To guide HCV treatment of subtype 3b, pretreatment subtyping of HCV genotype 3 should be considered in western cities in the near future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134824001047/pdfft?md5=496f525b2c870054f67020bda6ee5040&pid=1-s2.0-S1567134824001047-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and comparative genome analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica and related species associated with human infections in Switzerland 2019–2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>We aimed to characterise <em>Yersinia enterocolitica</em> from human clinical specimens in Switzerland using epidemiological, microbiological and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Isolates (<em>n</em> = 149) were collected between January 2019 and December 2023. Epidemiological data was noted and strains were characterized by biochemical and serological typing, antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), and WGS-based analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Most of the isolates (86%) were from stool specimens and 52% were from male patients. The patients' median age was 28 years (range &lt; 1–94 years). Typing assigned the isolates to bioserotype 4/O:3 (44%), biotype 1A (34%), bioserotype 2/O:9 (21%), and bioserotype 3/O:3 (1%). WGS identified <em>Y. enterocolitica</em> (<em>n</em> = 147), <em>Y. alsatica</em> (n = 1) and <em>Y. proxima</em> (n = 1). Seven isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR) and harboured plasmid pAB829 carrying <em>aph(3″)-Ib, aph(6)-Id,</em> and <em>tet</em>(Y) (<em>n</em> = 1), pAC120 carrying <em>aph(6)-Id</em> and <em>tet</em>(A) (<em>n</em> = 2), or a 12.6 kb Tn<em>2670</em>-like transposon containing <em>catA1</em>, <em>aadA12, sul1,</em> and <em>qacE</em>Δ1 (<em>n</em> = 4). Virulence factors (VFs) included <em>ail</em> (<em>n</em> = 99), <em>invB</em>, (<em>n</em> = 145), <em>ystA</em> (n = 99), <em>ystB</em> (<em>n</em> = 48) and pYV-associated VFs (<em>n</em> = 93). MLST and cgMLST analysis showed that BT 1A strains consisted of several STs and were highly diverse, whereas BT 2/O:9 strains were all ST12 and clustered closely, and BT 4/O:3 strains mostly belonged to ST18 but were more diverse. SNP analysis revealed two highly clonal BT 4/O:3 subpopulations with wide spatio-temporal distribution.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p><em>Y. enterocolitica</em> BT 1A, BT 2/O:9 and BT 4/O:3 are frequently associated with human yersiniosis in Switzerland. WGS-based subtyping of <em>Y. enterocolitica</em> is a powerful tool to explore the genetic diversity and the pathogenic potential of human isolates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134824001035/pdfft?md5=c63b00a2a4f2385706bde74f612d48a0&pid=1-s2.0-S1567134824001035-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141894912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of FMD virus isolated from two outbreaks in Egypt","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite intensive control efforts, Foot and mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks continue to occur regularly in Egypt and resulting in dramatic economic losses to the livestock industry. During 2018 and 2022, FMD was clinically suspected among previously vaccinated cattle in Beheira and Kafr El-Sheikh provinces, Egypt. FMDV RNA was detected in 18 (45%) out of 40 epithelial tissue samples using real-time RT-PCR based on a pan-FMDV primers set. The 2018 outbreak isolates (<em>n</em> = 8) included the FMDV serotypes A and SAT2, whereas all isolates (<em>n</em> = 10) from the 2022 outbreak belonged to the FMDV serotype A. Four selected isolates, designated FMDV/SAT2/EGY/Beheira/2018, FMDV/A/EGY/Kafr El-Sheikh/2018, FMDV/A/EGY/Kafr El-Sheikh/2022 and FMDV/A/EGY/Behiera/2022, were characterized on the basis of partial VP1 gene sequence analysis. The FMDV/SAT2/EGY/Beheira/2018 strain was clustered within the Lib-12 lineage of the topotype VII and shared 79.2–98.4% nucleotide identity with other Egyptian SAT2 strains available in Genbank database. On the other hand, the three FMDV serotype A sequences shared 74.4–99.1% nucleotide identity with each other. Also, they were phylogenetically classified within two distinct topotypes. The FMDV/A/Egy/Kafr El-Sheikh/2018 strain was grouped within the Asian topotype, meanwhile the FMDV/A/EGY/Kafr El-Sheikh/2022 and FMDV/A/EGY/Behiera/2022 strains were grouped together within the genotype IV of the African topotype. Interestingly, the deduced amino acid sequences of the four strains displayed numerous variations in comparison to the vaccine strains currently used in Egypt. In addition, most of these variations were present in prominent antigenic positions in the VP1 protein. These findings raise a crucial need to validate the protective potential of the vaccine strains against the newly emerging FMDV field strains and to update the vaccination strategy accordingly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134824001023/pdfft?md5=bcfffbf2f34adcf18738b2a6190d086e&pid=1-s2.0-S1567134824001023-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene expression analysis of Anopheles Meigen, 1818 (Diptera: Culicidae) innate immunity after Plasmodium Marchiafava & Celli, 1885 (Apicomplexa) infection: Toward developing new malaria control strategies","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the critical role of the <em>Anopheles</em> innate immune system in defending against <em>Plasmodium</em> infection, there is still limited information about the key immune mechanisms in <em>Anopheles</em>. This review assesses recent findings on the expression characteristics of immune-related genes in <em>Anopheles</em> following exposure to <em>Plasmodium</em>. A literature review, unrestricted by publication date, was conducted to evaluate immune-related gene expression in different organs of <em>Anopheles</em> after <em>Plasmodium</em> infection. Mosquito immune responses in the midgut are essential for reducing parasite populations. Additionally, innate immune responses in the salivary glands and hemocytes circulating in the hemocoel play key roles in defense against the parasite. Transcriptomic analysis of the mosquito's innate immune response to <em>Plasmodium</em> infection provides valuable insights into key immune mechanisms in mosquito defense. A deeper understanding of immune mechanisms in different organs of <em>Anopheles</em> following <em>Plasmodium</em> infection will aid in discovering critical targets for designing novel control strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134824001011/pdfft?md5=601cc29ff3da10d7e73401a439790719&pid=1-s2.0-S1567134824001011-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolution of cryptic mosquito species through wing morphometrics","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mosquitoes are medically important insects, and accurate species identification is crucial to understanding vector biology, forming the cornerstone of successful vector control programs. Identification is difficult owing to morphologically similar species. Wing morphometrics can provide a simple, fast, and accurate way to classify species, and using it as a method to differentiate vector species among its cryptic congeners has been underexplored. Using a total of 227 mosquitoes and 20 landmarks per specimen, we demonstrated the utility of wing morphometrics in differentiating species two groups occurring in sympatry – <em>Culex</em> (<em>Culex</em>) <em>vishnui</em> group and <em>Culex</em> (<em>Lophoceraomyia</em>) subgenus, as well as explored population-level variation in the wing shape of <em>Aedes albopictus</em> across habitats. Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene region was sequenced to validate the morphological and morphometric identification. Procrustes ANOVA regression and CVA based on wing shape reflected that the wing landmarks across all species differed significantly, and leave-one-out cross validation revealed an overall high accuracy of &gt;97% for the two <em>Culex</em> groups. Wing morphometrics uncovered population-level variation within <em>Aedes albopictus</em>, but cross validation accuracy was low. Overall, we show that wing geomorphometric analysis is able to resolve cryptic <em>Culex</em> species (including vectors) occurring sympatrically, and is a robust tool for identifying mosquitoes reliably.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134824000984/pdfft?md5=859b2dea97c584477df4a374015e3d76&pid=1-s2.0-S1567134824000984-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141789946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of mycobacterial ribonucleases: Towards a therapeutic novel drug target","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bacterial responses to continuously changing environments are addressed through modulation of gene expression at the level of transcription initiation, RNA processing and/or decay. Ribonucleases (RNases) are hydrolytic or phosphorolytic enzymes involved in a majority of RNA metabolism reactions. RNases play a crucial role in RNA degradation, either independently or in collaboration with various trans-acting regulatory factors. The genus <em>Mycobacterium</em> consists of five subgenera: <em>Mycobacteroides</em>, <em>Mycolicibacterium</em>, <em>Mycobacterium</em>, <em>Mycolicibacter</em> and <em>Mycolicibacillus</em>, which include 63 fully sequenced species (pathogenic/non-pathogenic) to date. These include 13 different RNases, among which 5 are exonucleases (RNase PH, PNPase, RNase D, nano-RNases and RNase AS) and 8 are endonucleases (RNase J, RNase H, RNase P, RNase III, RNase BN, RNase Z, RNase G and RNase E), although RNase J and RNase BN were later identified to have exoribonuclease functions also. Here, we provide a detailed comparative insight into the <em>Escherichia coli</em> and mycobacterial RNases with respect to their types, phylogeny, structure, function, regulation and mechanism of action, with the main emphasis on RNase E. Among these 13 different mycobacterial RNases, 10 are essential for cell survival and have diverse structures hence, they are promising drug targets. RNase E is also an essential endonuclease that is abundant in many bacteria, forms an RNA degradosome complex that controls central RNA processing/degradation and has a conserved 5′ sensor domain/DNase-I like region in its RNase domain. The essential mycobacterial RNases especially RNase E provide a potential repertoire of drug targets that can be exploited for inhibitor/modulator screening against many deadly mycobacterial diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54986,"journal":{"name":"Infection Genetics and Evolution","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567134824000960/pdfft?md5=75164ee5ed33661464ae05df60994f95&pid=1-s2.0-S1567134824000960-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141789945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}