Hossein Shirali, Jeremy Hübner, Robin Both, Michael Raupach, Markus Reischl, Stefan Schmidt, Christian Pylatiuk
{"title":"Image-based recognition of parasitoid wasps using advanced neural networks.","authors":"Hossein Shirali, Jeremy Hübner, Robin Both, Michael Raupach, Markus Reischl, Stefan Schmidt, Christian Pylatiuk","doi":"10.1071/IS24011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS24011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hymenoptera has some of the highest diversity and number of individuals among insects. Many of these species potentially play key roles as food sources, pest controllers and pollinators. However, little is known about the diversity and biology and ~80% of the species have not yet been described. Classical taxonomy based on morphology is a rather slow process but DNA barcoding has already brought considerable progress in identification. Innovative methods such as image-based identification and automation can further speed up the process. We present a proof of concept for image data recognition of a parasitic wasp family, the Diapriidae (Hymenoptera), obtained as part of the GBOL III project. These tiny (1.2-4.5mm) wasps were photographed and identified using DNA barcoding to provide a solid ground truth for training a neural network. Taxonomic identification was used down to the genus level. Subsequently, three different neural network architectures were trained, evaluated and optimised. As a result, 11 different genera of diaprids and one mixed group of 'other Hymenoptera' can be classified with an average accuracy of 96%. Additionally, the sex of the specimen can be classified automatically with an accuracy of >97%.</p>","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"38 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141263300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irene Del Olmo, Josep Roma-Cavagliani, María Del Rosario Martín-Hervás, Joachim Langeneck, Juan Lucas Cervera, Patricia Álvarez-Campos
{"title":"Integrative taxonomy in <i>Syllis prolifera</i> (Annelida, Syllidae): from a unique cosmopolitan species to a complex of pseudocryptic species.","authors":"Irene Del Olmo, Josep Roma-Cavagliani, María Del Rosario Martín-Hervás, Joachim Langeneck, Juan Lucas Cervera, Patricia Álvarez-Campos","doi":"10.1071/IS24004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS24004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Syllis prolifera (Syllidae, Syllinae) is an abundant species of marine annelids commonly found in warm to temperate waters worldwide. Although morphological variability occurs among populations, S. prolifera has long been considered a cosmopolitan species, widely distributed in coastal environments, including acidified and polluted areas. However, the increasing number of cases of cryptic and pseudocryptic speciation in several polychaete families in recent years has led us to question whether S. prolifera represents a single globally distributed taxon or is a species complex. To address this question, we conducted an integrative study, combining morphological, ecological and molecular data of 52 S. prolifera specimens collected in different localities across the western Mediterranean Sea and the Gulf of Cadiz. Our phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses that included two mitochondrial DNA markers (COI and 16S rRNA ) were congruent in not considering S. prolifera a unique entity. Five distinct lineages that can also be recognised by certain morphological and ecological traits were identified from these analyses instead. Overall, our study does not support the homogeneity of S. prolifera across the Mediterranean Sea, providing a new example of pseudocrypticism in marine invertebrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"38 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141443708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rubén Castañeda-Osorio, Sergey A Belokobylskij, Jovana M Jasso-Martínez, Ernesto Samacá-Sáenz, Robert R Kula, Alejandro Zaldívar-Riverón
{"title":"Mitogenome architecture supports the non-monophyly of the cosmopolitan parasitoid wasp subfamily Doryctinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) recovered by nuclear and mitochondrial phylogenomics.","authors":"Rubén Castañeda-Osorio, Sergey A Belokobylskij, Jovana M Jasso-Martínez, Ernesto Samacá-Sáenz, Robert R Kula, Alejandro Zaldívar-Riverón","doi":"10.1071/IS24029","DOIUrl":"10.1071/IS24029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondrial DNA gene organisation is an important source of phylogenetic information for various metazoan taxa at different evolutionary timescales, though this has not been broadly tested for all insect groups nor within a phylogenetic context. The cosmopolitan subfamily Doryctinae is a highly diverse group of braconid wasps mainly represented by ectoparasitoids of xylophagous beetle larvae. Previous molecular studies based on Sanger and genome-wide (ultraconserved elements, UCE; and mitochondrial genomes) sequence data have recovered a non-monophyletic Doryctinae, though the relationships involved have always been weakly supported. We characterised doryctine mitogenomes and conducted separate phylogenetic analyses based on mitogenome and UCE sequence data of ~100 representative doryctine genera to assess the monophyly and higher-level classification of the subfamily. We identified rearrangements of mitochondrial transfer RNAs (tRNAs) that support a non-monophyletic Doryctinae consisting of two separate non-related clades with strong geographic structure ('New World' and 'Old World' clades). This geographic structure was also consistently supported by the phylogenetic analyses preformed with mitogenome and UCE sequence data. These results highlight the utility of the mitogenome gene rearrangements as a potential source of phylogenetic information at different evolutionary timescales.</p>","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"38 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140917643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular phylogeny reveals Cenonovaculina gen. nov. (Adapedonta: Pharidae), a new freshwater razor clam genus from Indochina","authors":"Ekgachai Jeratthitikul, Chirasak Sutcharit","doi":"10.1071/is24024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/is24024","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The razor clam genus <i>Novaculina</i> is a secondary marine-derived freshwater taxa within the otherwise exclusively marine family Pharidae. <i>Novaculina</i> currently comprises four valid species that are distributed allopatrically across several drainages in Asia. We employed an integrated approach, combining morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses to elucidate the taxonomic placement of members within this genus. The multi-locus phylogenetic trees based on cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit <i>I</i> (<i>COI</i>), <i>16S</i> rRNA and <i>28S</i> rRNA gene sequences demonstrate that <i>Novaculina</i> is polyphyletic. Specimens identified as <i>N. siamensis</i> form a distinct clade that is not sister group to other currently recognised congeners. Furthermore, morphological examination reveals distinct characteristics in ‘<i>N. siamensis</i>’, namely a fused, fringed siphon, in contrast to the separated, smooth siphons observed in other species. Based on these findings, we propose the establishment of a new genus, <i>Cenonovaculina</i> gen. nov., to accommodate ‘<i>N. siamensis</i>’. The new genus is distinguished from other genera in having a short shell, deep pallial sinus, elongate, oval to bean-shaped anterior adductor scar and long fused siphons surrounded by conical tentacles.</p><p>ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6E16FC43-5BBA-4791-A805-1C84859877A3</p>","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140831581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pavlína Frolová, Eva van der Veer, Charles H. J. M. Fransen, Zdenek Duriš
{"title":"A review of Palaemonella (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae), with clarification of the taxonomic status of Cuapetes americanus, Eupontonia and Vir","authors":"Pavlína Frolová, Eva van der Veer, Charles H. J. M. Fransen, Zdenek Duriš","doi":"10.1071/is23055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/is23055","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The pantropical genus <i>Palaemonella</i> Dana, 1852 (Caridea: Palaemonidae) currently includes 27 species of free-living and symbiotic marine shrimps. The monophyly of <i>Palaemonella</i> with respect to several closely related genera, however, has been questioned by recent analyses. We tested the monophyly of <i>Palaemonella</i> based on multigene phylogenetic analysis and the genus was revealed to be a paraphyletic assemblage by inclusion of species of the genera <i>Eupontonia</i> Bruce, 1971 and <i>Vir</i> Holthuis, 1952, and two genetic lineages of the western Atlantic <i>Cuapetes americanus</i> (Kingsley, 1878). We recognise one of the latter lineages as the previously described <i>Periclimenes rhizophorae</i> Lebour, 1949. <i>Eupontonia</i> and <i>Vir</i> are synonymised with <i>Palaemonella</i>. We also transfer <i>Cuapetes americanus</i> and <i>Periclimenes rhizophorae</i> to <i>Palaemonella</i>. Species previously assigned to <i>Vir</i> were revised; <i>V. colemani</i> Bruce, 2003, <i>V. orientalis</i> (Dana, 1852), <i>V. philippinensis</i> Bruce & Svoboda, 1984 and <i>V. smiti</i> Fransen & Holthuis, 2007 are regarded as valid species of <i>Palaemonella</i>; <i>Vir longidactylus</i> Marin, 2008 is synonymised with <i>P. smiti</i>; and the status of <i>V. euphyllius</i> Marin & Anker, 2005 remains unresolved. <i>Palaemonella</i> is currently regarded as a taxon with variable states of two main diagnostic characters, i.e. the plesiomorphic mandibular palp (fully reduced in <i>P. americana</i>) and the hepatic tooth (fully reduced in former species of <i>Vir</i> and <i>Eupontonia</i> – evidently due to symbiotic modes of life).</p><p>ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7EEBC655-7EDE-4E46-BCB2-2A3BA16ED7DD</p>","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140832123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna M. Addamo, Melinda S. Modrell, Marco Taviani, Annie Machordom
{"title":"Unravelling the relationships among Madrepora Linnaeus, 1758, Oculina Lamark, 1816 and Cladocora Ehrenberg, 1834 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Scleractinia)","authors":"Anna M. Addamo, Melinda S. Modrell, Marco Taviani, Annie Machordom","doi":"10.1071/is23027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/is23027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite the widespread use of integrative taxonomic approaches, many scleractinian coral genera and species remain grouped in polyphyletic families, classified as <i>incertae sedis</i> or simply understudied. Oculinidae Gray, 1847 represents a family for which many taxonomic questions remain unresolved, particularly those related to some of the current genera, such as <i>Oculina</i> Lamark, 1816 or recently removed genera, including <i>Cladocora</i> Ehrenberg, 1834 and <i>Madrepora</i> Linnaeus, 1758. <i>Cladocora</i> is currently assigned to the family Cladocoridae Milne Edwards & Haime, 1857 and a new family, Bathyporidae Kitahara, Capel, Zilberberg & Cairns, 2024, was recently raised to accommodate <i>Madrepora</i>. However, the name Bathyporidae is not valid because this was not formed on the basis of a type genus name. To resolve taxonomic questions related to these three genera, the evolutionary relationships are explored through phylogenetic analyses of 18 molecular markers. The results of these analyses support a close relationship between the species <i>Oculina patagonica</i> and <i>Cladocora caespitosa</i>, indicating that these may belong to the same family (and possibly genus), and highlighting the need for detailed revisions of <i>Oculina</i> and <i>Cladocora</i>. By contrast, a distant relationship is found between these two species and <i>Madrepora oculata</i>, with the overall evidence supporting the placement of <i>Madrepora</i> in the resurrected family Madreporidae Ehrenberg, 1834. This study advances our knowledge of coral systematics and highlights the need for a comprehensive review of the genera <i>Oculina</i>, <i>Cladocora</i> and <i>Madrepora</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140831634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Silvia Vicario, Tullia Isotta Terraneo, Giovanni Chimienti, Davide Maggioni, Fabio Marchese, Sam J. Purkis, Ameer Abdulla Eweida, Mattie Rodrigue, Francesca Benzoni
{"title":"Molecular diversity of black corals from the Saudi Arabian Red Sea: a first assessment","authors":"Silvia Vicario, Tullia Isotta Terraneo, Giovanni Chimienti, Davide Maggioni, Fabio Marchese, Sam J. Purkis, Ameer Abdulla Eweida, Mattie Rodrigue, Francesca Benzoni","doi":"10.1071/is23041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/is23041","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Black corals occur as part of benthic assemblages from shallow to deep waters in all oceans. Despite the importance in many benthic ecosystems, where these act as biodiversity aggregators, antipatharians remain poorly studied, with 75% of the known species occurring below recreational SCUBA diving depth limits. Currently, information regarding the diversity and evolutionary history is limited, with most studies focusing on Hawaii and the South Pacific Ocean. Other regions of the world have received less attention, such as the Red Sea, where only two black coral families and four genera have been recorded. We provide the first analysis of the molecular diversity of black corals in the eastern Gulf of Aqaba and the northern and central Saudi Arabian Red Sea, based on a dataset of 161 antipatharian colonies collected down to 627 m deep. Based on specimen morphology, we ascribed our material to 11 genera belonging to 4 of the 7 known Antipatharia families, i.e. Antipathidae, Aphanipathidae, Myriopathidae and Schizopathidae. The genus level phylogeny of three intergenic mitochondrial regions, the <i>trnW-IGR-nad2</i> (<i>IgrW</i>), <i>nad5-IGR-nad1</i> (<i>IgrN</i>) and <i>cox3-IGR-cox1</i> was reconstructed including previously published material. Overall, we recovered six molecular clades that included exclusively Red Sea sequences, with the highest diversity occurring at mesophotic depths. This study highlights that diversity of black corals in the Red Sea is much higher than previously known, with seven new generic records, suggesting that this basin may be a hotspot for antipatharian diversity as is known for other taxa. Our results recovered unresolved relationships within the order at the familial and generic levels. This emphasises the urgent need for an integration of genomic-wide data with a re-examination of informative morphological features necessary to revise the systematics of the order at all taxonomic levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140577784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new genus of scutigerid centipede from southern South America with the description of two new species and an updated molecular phylogeny of the myriapod order Scutigeromorpha (Myriapoda: Chilopoda)","authors":"Andrés O. Porta, Gonzalo Giribet","doi":"10.1071/is24006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/is24006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Scutigeromorph centipedes are conspicuous, yet often ignored myriapods for which little work has been conducted in southern South America. After examining recent and museum collections from Chile and Argentina, two new species of generic uncertainty were identified. A new genus of scutigerid centipede, <i>Edgethreua</i>, is therefore described with two new species, <i>E. chilensis</i> from Central Chile (type species of the genus) and <i>E. goloboffi</i> from Argentinian Patagonia. The new genus is characterised by the presence of scattered setiform bristles with short paired spines and the absence of simple spinulae and spines on all stomatotergites, the presence of a single spine-bristle in the prefemur of the second maxilla, a patch of cuticular ridges and pores surrounding the sensilla of the proximal labral portion of the epipharynx, the morphology of the sensilla of the distal patch of the hypopharynx and the morphology of the female gonopods. A phylogenetic analysis of the new species using two nuclear ribosomal RNA genes (<i>18S</i> and <i>28S</i> rRNA), two mitochondrial ribosomal RNA genes (<i>12S</i> and <i>16S</i> rRNA) and the mitochondrial protein-encoding gene cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit <i>I</i> show that the new genus does not cluster with any other described genus of scutigeromorph represented in molecular phylogenies. The data indicate that the new genus is probably sister group to a clade including the genera <i>Lassophora</i>, <i>Ballonema</i> and the subfamily Thereuoneminae, although one analysis suggests a position as sister group to Scutigerinae.</p><p>ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A4D453F3-9031-4E21-84C7-87F16C07AD51</p>","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140577680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phylogeny of the cestode family Escherbothriidae (Cestoda: Rhinebothriidea) reveals unexpected patterns of association with skate hosts","authors":"V. M. Bueno, B. Trevisan, J. N. Caira","doi":"10.1071/is23056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/is23056","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rhinebothriidean tapeworm family Escherbothriidae has recently been expanded to include the genus <i>Ivanovcestus</i>, species of which parasitise arhynchobatid skates. Similarities in morphology and host associations between <i>Ivanovcestus</i> and <i>Semiorbiseptum</i> – a genus yet to be assigned to one of the families in the order Rhinebothriidea – led us to explore the possibility that <i>Semiorbiseptum</i> might also belong in the Escherbothriidae. Morphological similarities with <i>Scalithrium ivanovae</i>, <i>Scalithrium kirchneri</i> and <i>Rhinebothrium scobinae</i>, all of which also parasitise arhynchobatid skates, raised questions regarding the generic placements of these species. In addition, new collections from the skate <i>Sympterygia brevicaudata</i> revealed two new species that morphologically resemble species of <i>Ivanovcestus</i>. A combination of morphological and molecular data were used to assess the generic placement of the newly discovered species and refine our understanding of the membership of the family Escherbothriidae. Sequence data for the D1–D3 region of the <i>28S rDNA</i> gene were generated <i>de novo</i> for 14 specimens of 7 rhinebothriidean species and combined with comparable published data to represent all 6 families in the Rhinebothriidea in the analysis. The phylogenetic tree resulting from maximum likelihood analysis strongly supports the inclusion of the genus <i>Semiorbiseptum</i> in the family Escherbothriidae. Our work also suggests that the skate-hosted species previously assigned to <i>Scalithrium</i> and <i>Rhinebothrium</i> are also members of <i>Semiorbiseptum</i> and that <i>Ivanovcestus</i> is a junior synonym of <i>Semiorbiseptum</i>. Six species are transferred to <i>Semiorbiseptum</i>, bringing the total number of species in the genus to ten. The diagnosis of <i>Semiorbiseptum</i> is amended to accommodate the additional species. A second species in the previously monotypic type genus of the family, <i>Escherbothrium</i>, is described. The diagnosis of the Escherbothriidae is amended to include the new and transferred species. This study underscores the importance of integrating morphological and molecular data in bringing resolution to cestode systematics. We believe our findings provide a robust foundation for future research into the evolutionary history and host associations of cestodes within the order Rhinebothriidea and beyond. These also highlight the importance of expanding our understanding of skate-hosted cestodes.</p><p>ZooBank: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8052AFCA-5FBD-4430-95F4-0E5E368DEA3D</p>","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140578022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Niklas Dreyer, Jørgen Olesen, Mark J. Grygier, Danny Eibye-Jacobsen, Alexandra S. Savchenko, Yoshihisa Fujita, Gregory A. Kolbasov, Ryuji J. Machida, Benny K. K. Chan, Ferran Palero
{"title":"Novel molecular resources for single-specimen barcoding of enigmatic crustacean y-larvae","authors":"Niklas Dreyer, Jørgen Olesen, Mark J. Grygier, Danny Eibye-Jacobsen, Alexandra S. Savchenko, Yoshihisa Fujita, Gregory A. Kolbasov, Ryuji J. Machida, Benny K. K. Chan, Ferran Palero","doi":"10.1071/is23018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/is23018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite discovery more than 100 years ago and documented global occurrence from shallow waters to the deep sea, the life cycle of the enigmatic crustacean y-larvae isincompletely understood and adult forms remain unknown. To date, only 2 of the 17 formally described species, all based on larval stages, have been investigated using an integrative taxonomic approach. This approach provided descriptions of the morphology of the naupliar and cyprid stages, and made use of exuvial voucher material and DNA barcodes. To improve our knowledge about the evolutionary history and ecological importance of y-larvae, we developed a novel protocol that maximises the amount of morpho-ecological and molecular data that can be harvested from single larval specimens. This includes single-specimen DNA barcoding and daily imaging of y-nauplii reared in culture dishes, mounting of the last naupliar exuviae on a slide as a reference voucher, live imaging of the y-cyprid instar that follows, and fixation, DNA extraction, amplification and sequencing of the y-cyprid specimen. Through development and testing of a suite of new primers for both nuclear and mitochondrial protein-coding and ribosomal genes, we showcase how new sequence data can be used to estimate the phylogeny of Facetotecta. We expect that our novel procedure will help to unravel the complex systematics of y-larvae and show how these fascinating larval forms have evolved. Moreover, we posit that our protocols should work on larval specimens from a diverse array of moulting marine invertebrate taxa.</p>","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140108060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}