Invertebrate Systematics最新文献

{"title":"Integrative methods resolve taxonomy and relationships of snapping shrimps in the genus Synalpheus (Decapoda: Alpheidae) collected during the MNHN ‘Madibenthos’ expedition","authors":"H. Ashrafi, K. Hultgren","doi":"10.1071/is21057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/is21057","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Extensive sampling around Martinique during the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle ‘Madibenthos’ expedition in 2016 resulted in a collection of hundreds of alpheid shrimps, of which 21 distinct species of Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888 are studied herein. Combining results of a morphological analysis, a phylogenetic tree (combined 16S and COI) and species delimitation analyses (ABGD and PTP) indicates three species as new to science. These species are S. chaki sp. nov., S. corbariae sp. nov., and S. macdonaldi sp. nov. The first two new species belong to the S. rathbunae Coutière, 1909 species group, whereas the third new species broadly groups with the S. gambarelloides group. Additionally, 13 new country records of Synalpheus are reported for Martinique.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"389 - 418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45227969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One Antarctic slug to confuse them all: the underestimated diversity of Doris kerguelenensis","authors":"Paige J. Maroni, B. Baker, A. Moran, H. Woods, C. Ávila, G. Johnstone, J. Stark, K. Kocot, S. Lockhart, T. Saucède, G. Rouse, N. Wilson","doi":"10.1071/IS21073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21073","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The Antarctic marine environment, although rich in life, is predicted to experience rapid and significant effects from climate change. Despite a revolution in the approaches used to document biodiversity, less than one percent of Antarctic marine invertebrates are represented by DNA barcodes and we are at risk of losing biodiversity before discovery. The ease of sequencing mitochondrial DNA barcodes has promoted this relatively ‘universal’ species identification system across most metazoan phyla and barcode datasets are currently readily used for exploring questions of species-level taxonomy. Here we present the most well-sampled phylogeny of the direct-developing, Southern Ocean nudibranch mollusc, Doris kerguelenensis to date. This study sampled over 1000 new Doris kerguelenensis specimens spanning the Southern Ocean and sequenced the mitochondrial COI gene. Results of a maximum likelihood phylogeny and multiple subsequent species delimitation analyses identified 27 new species in this complex (now 59 in total). Using rarefaction techniques, we infer more species are yet to be discovered. Some species were only collected from southern South America or the sub-Antarctic islands, while at least four species were found spanning the Polar Front. This is contrary to dispersal predictions for species without a larval stage such as Doris kerguelenensis. Our work demonstrates the value of increasing geographic scope in sampling and highlights what could be lost given the current global biodiversity crisis.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"419 - 435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49458483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity and distribution of the New Zealand endemic mite harvestman genus Aoraki (Arachnida, Opiliones, Cyphophthalmi, Pettalidae), with the description of two new species","authors":"S. Boyer, Shannon R. Dohr, Madison S. Tuffield, Yoonjin Shu, Ciara D. Moore, Katherine M. Hahn, Rainah S. Ward, P. Nguyen, R. Morisawa","doi":"10.1071/IS21044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. New Zealand is home to 30 recognised endemic mite harvestman species and subspecies, 26 of which were described by Ray Forster in 1948 and 1952. These species comprise three genera: Rakaia Hirst, 1926, Neopurcellia Forster, 1948, and Aoraki Boyer & Giribet, 2007. Here, we focus on the diversity and distribution of Aoraki: we describe A. grandis Boyer, Tuffield & Dohr, sp. nov. and A. meridialis Boyer, Hahn & Ward, sp. nov. and we synonymise A. granulosa (Forster, 1952) with A. tumidata (Forster, 1948), bringing the total of named species and subspecies to twelve, and extending the southern range of the genus by over 100 km. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed three major lineages within the genus characterised by differing levels of granulation of the male fourth tarsus. We report striking variation in the range size and level of genetic structuring present within currently recognised species and subspecies of Aoraki, and propose future studies to address evolutionary, biogeographic and taxonomic questions in the group. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BDD4D61C-B099–44D5–949C-34AD217A016F.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"372 - 387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44262460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-layered approach uncovers overlooked taxonomic and physiological diversity in Alpine subterranean spiders (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Troglohyphantes)","authors":"M. Isaia, M. Arnedo, S. Mammola","doi":"10.1071/IS21054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21054","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The integration of multiple lines of evidence in the delimitation of taxa is becoming the gold standard in modern taxonomy and systematics. However, multi-layered taxonomy is still incipient when it comes to species description within a mega-diverse group of organisms (e.g. arthropods), especially those inhabiting secluded environments such as caves. This may represent a significant shortcoming, because species in subterranean habitats generally show deep convergence in their somatic traits, perplexing our ability to delimit species by traditional approaches. The genus Troglohyphantes Joseph, 1882 (Araneae: Linyphiidae) is presently known to include 129 species and 5 subspecies, all of which are primarily distributed in subterranean habitats of the European mountain ranges. Recent studies on Italian alpine species covered taxonomy and faunistic, biogeography and ecology. However, our knowledge about the actual species diversity of Troglohyphantes spiders is far from complete, and it is expected that significant levels of overlooked diversity might exist within the genus. In this work, we combined morphological data with target gene molecular data, functional trait analysis and thermal physiology to explore overlooked diversity in Troglohyphantes vignai auct., a species of subterranean spider in the Western Italian Alps with an apparently broader distribution than its congeners. Our approach proved effective in uncovering overlooked diversity and further supporting the split of T. vignai auct. into three distinct species whose distribution ranges how striking resemblances with that of other subterranean spiders. We here describe the new species and discuss their origins in light of their geographical vicariance, niche convergence, thermal ecology and divergence time.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"354 - 371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47419842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary history of the Australasian Scirtinae (Scirtidae; Coleoptera) inferred from ultraconserved elements","authors":"T. Bradford, R. Ruta, S. Cooper, M. L. Libonatti, C. Watts","doi":"10.1071/IS21053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21053","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The Scirtidae Fleming, 1821 has been identified as one of the earliest diverging groups of Polyphagan beetles and is particularly speciose in Australia. However, very little is known about the origin of the Australian scirtids and there is a need for a robust, well-supported phylogeny to guide the genus and species descriptions and understand the relationships among taxa. In this study we carried out a phylogenetic analysis of the Australian Scirtinae Fleming, 1821, using DNA sequence data from ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and included representative taxa from New Zealand, New Caledonia, South America, South Africa and Eurasia in the analysis. Bayesian analyses of a concatenated dataset from 79 taxa recovered four major Southern Hemisphere groupings and two Australian–Eurasian groupings. The Veronatus group mainly consisted of genera from New Zealand, with the three Australian representatives only distantly related to each other. Relaxed molecular clock analyses, using the estimated age of the crown node of the Polyphaga for calibration, support a Gondwanan history for four of the groups of Australian Scirtinae and a northern origin for two groups. Our results highlight the value of commercially available UCEs for resolving the phylogenetic history of ancient groups of Coleoptera.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"291 - 305"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49288485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis of the South American genus Petrichus Simon (Araneae: Philodromidae) provide new insights into the running crab spiders’ phylogeny","authors":"Mariana Griotti, Cristian J. Grismado, S. Roig-Juñent, M. Ramírez","doi":"10.1071/IS21068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21068","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The systematics of Philodromidae is far from complete, especially for the Neotropical genera. Among these, Petrichus Simon, 1886 is a poorly known genus restricted to arid and semi-arid environments of South America. In this work, we performed a total-evidence analysis to assess the phylogenetic relationships of Petrichus and revised the taxonomy. Petrichus is monophyletic and closer to Titanebo and the New World Ebo. Within Petrichus, two clades are obtained: the Eremean Clade, containing five species displaying a Neotropical distribution; and the Patagonian Clade, with the seven species inhabiting southern South America. Our results also support a previous hypothesis on the phylogenetic relationships within Philodromidae. Thanatini is monophyletic and includes Fageia and Berlandiella, although this is not statistically supported, whereas Philodromini emerges as paraphyletic. We propose Philodromini be expanded to contain all genera having eyes on tubercles analysed in this work plus the closely related Halodromus, whereas the circumscription of Thanatini should await future phylogenetic analyses with new evidence. As for taxonomic proposals, we synonymise Bacillocnemis Mello-Leitão, 1938 with Petrichus, Petrichus ornatus Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1942 and P. luteus (Nicolet, 1849) with P. junior (Nicolet, 1849), P. lancearius Simon, 1905 with P. tullgreni Simon, 1902; we transfer P. corticinus Mello-Leitão, 1944 to Misumenoides Pickard-Cambridge, 1900 (Thomisidae); and P. fuliginosus (Nicolet, 1849), P. cinereus Tullgren, 1901, P. sordidus Tullgren, 1901 and P. zonatus Tullgren, 1901 are regarded as nomina dubia. In total, 13 species are recognised for the genus, of which four are new (described by Griotti & Grismado): P. spira, from western Argentina, P. patagoniensis, from south-western Argentina, P. roigjunenti, from Argentina and Chile and P. eremicus, from north-central Chile. ZooBank: http://zoobank.org/References/1220255e-6431-45c2-adfe-ed58d1f89b17","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"306 - 353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46699315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convergent evolution of Amphidromus-like colourful arboreal snails and phylogenetic relationship of East Asian camaenids, with description of a new Aegistohadra species (Helicoidei: Camaenidae: Bradybaeninae)","authors":"Parin Jirapatrasilp, Chih-Wei Huang, C. Hwang, C. Sutcharit, Chi-Tse Lee","doi":"10.1071/IS21015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract East Asian terrestrial snails of the family Camaenidae Pilsbry, 1895a are diverse in terms of genus and species numbers, shell morphology and mode of living. This family also includes colourful conical arboreal snails that traditionally have been assigned to the genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850. Yet, the present study shows that, despite their deceiving conchological similarity, some of these East Asian arboreal snails do not belong to the genus Amphidromus or the subfamily Camaeninae Pilsbry, 1895a. The presence of a dart complex comprising a mucous gland, a dart sac, an accessory sac and a proximal accessory sac, along with a pronounced penial caecum and molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that former ‘Amphidromus’ dautzenbergi, ‘A.’ roemeri and ‘Camaena’ mirifica, and one additional new species belong to Aegistohadra Wu, 2004 (subfamily Bradybaeninae Pilsbry, 1934). Aegistohadra dautzenbergi, comb. nov. and Aegistohadra roemeri, comb. nov. are conical with colourful spiral bands, whereas Aegistohadra mirifica, comb. nov. and Aegistohadra zhangdanae, sp. nov. are heliciform to conical with colourful, variegated spiral and transverse banding patterns. DNA sequence analyses also revealed that each variety of Aegistohadra dautzenbergi could not be differentiated by mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and 16S rRNA) gene fragments. The phylogenetic position of Aegistohadra within the East Asian camaenids revealed that the similar appearance in shell morphology, microhabitat use and diet to arboreal snails in the genus Amphidromus is homoplastic. Moreover, the presence or absence of a dart complex is also homoplastic and is unsuitable for suprageneric classification. By contrast, the presence of a flagellum and a penial caecum is useful for the suprageneric classification.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"244 - 290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48113299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeny of the South American genus Baripus (Coleoptera : Carabidae : Broscini) with the description of new mountain species from the northern Patagonia Biogeographic Province","authors":"S. Roig-Juñent, G. Cisterna, Mariana Griotti","doi":"10.1071/IS21028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The genus Baripus Dejean is a carabid beetle endemic to southern South America, inhabiting grassland and shrub habitats in mountain and lowland areas. In this work, the phylogeny of the genus is updated and new species restricted to isolated mountains from the Patagonia Biogeographic Province are described. The cladistic analysis showed that the new mountain species comprise a monophyletic clade with five other species. Within this group, the species are arranged in two internal clades. Each clade contains one or two lowland species with a wide distribution range and the remaining species with microendemic distribution on each mountain system. Their distribution pattern suggests that mountain species of Baripus could have originated since (by) the end of the Cenozoic when the mountains uplifted and acted as a refuge for populations of lowland species that remained isolated and later became differentiated from one another. Based on morphological and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I molecular data, Baripus (Cardiophthalmus) palauco, sp. nov., Baripus (Cardiophthalmus) tromen, sp. nov., Baripus (Cardiophthalmus) aucamahuida, sp. nov. and Baripus (Cardiophthalmus) payun, sp. nov. are described and a key to all currently known species of Baripus (Cardiophthalmus) is provided.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"226 - 243"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48421180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When distant relatives look too alike: a new family, two new genera and a new species of deep-sea Umbellula-like sea pens (Anthozoa, Octocorallia, Pennatulacea)","authors":"P. López-González, J. Drewery","doi":"10.1071/IS21040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Among octocorals, colonies of the deep-sea pennatulacean genus Umbellula Gray, 1870 are some of the most instantly recognisable forms. Historically however, species identification in this genus has been usually based on few morphological characters with very little knowledge of associated intraspecific variability. This fact, combined with the very limited access to these deep-sea organisms, has resulted in numerous uncertainties about the true characters that should be used in species determination and recognition of synonyms and questionable species. Recent phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers has shown to be an excellent complementary source of information to morphological examination, being able to detect incongruent taxonomic assignments in classifications based only on morphological characters. Molecular analyses can reveal the presence of paraphyletic or polyphyletic groupings of taxa that may then be the subject of further research integrating morphological and molecular techniques. This paper addresses the existence of a set of specimens initially assigned to the genus Umbellula Gray, 1870 but that have been shown to be distantly related to the type species Umbellula encrinus (Linnaeus, 1758) based on molecular phylogenetic hypotheses. Phylogenetic analyses based on four genetic markers, three mitochondrial (mtMutS, ND2, Cox1) and one nuclear (28S), validate the definition of a new family (Pseudumbellulidae fam. nov.) and two new genera (Pseudumbellula gen. nov. and Solumbellula gen. nov). These analyses also justify the segregation of some of the morphological characters previously included in the diagnosis of the genus Umbellula and the monotypic family Umbellulidae Kölliker, 1880. Moreover, a new species, Pseudumbellula scotiae sp. nov. is described and illustrated with material from the North Eastern Atlantic and compared with congeners. Additionally, the well-known but atypical species Umbellula monocephalus Pasternak, 1964 is transferred and described here as Solumbellula monocephalus (Pasternak, 1964), comb. nov., based on both molecular data and morphology.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"199 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42863101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrative approach reveals high species diversity in the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela (Mesothelae: Liphistiidae) from Hunan, China","authors":"Deng-Xu Li, Zhaoyang Chen, Fengxiang Liu, Daiqin Li, Xin Xu","doi":"10.1071/IS21058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/IS21058","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Accurate species delimitation is crucial for our understanding of evolution, biodiversity and conservation. However, morphology-based species delimitation alone appears to be prone to taxonomic errors and ineffective for taxa with high interspecific morphological homogeneity or intraspecific morphological variations, as is the case for mesothele and mygalomorph spiders. Combined molecular–morphology species delimitation has shown great potential to delimit species boundaries in such ancient lineages. In the present study, molecular and morphological evidence were integrated to delimit species of the primitively segmented spider genus Songthela Ono, 2000. The cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) was sequenced for 192 novel specimens belonging to 12 putative morphospecies. The evolutionary relationships within Songthela and the 12-morphospecies hypothesis were tested in two steps – species discovery and species validation – using four single-locus species delimitation approaches. All species delimitation analyses supported the 12-species hypothesis. Phylogenetic analyses yielded three major clades in Songthela, which are consistent with morphology. Accordingly, we assigned 19 known and 11 new species (S. aokoulong, sp. nov., S. bispina, sp. nov., S. dapo, sp. nov., S. huayanxi, sp. nov., S. lianhe, sp. nov., S. lingshang, sp. nov., S. multidentata, sp. nov., S. tianmen, sp. nov., S. unispina, sp. nov., S. xiujian, sp. nov., S. zizhu, sp. nov.) of Songthela to three species-groups: the bispina-group, the multidentata-group and the unispina-group. Another new species, S. zimugang, sp. nov., is not included in any species groups, but forms a sister lineage to the bispina- and unispina-groups. These results elucidate a high species diversity of Songthela in a small area and demonstrate that integrating morphology with COI-based species delimitation is fast and cost-effective in delimiting species boundaries.","PeriodicalId":54927,"journal":{"name":"Invertebrate Systematics","volume":"36 1","pages":"160 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48954674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}