Journal for Nature Conservation最新文献

{"title":"Incorporating complex network theory to deconstruct ecological security network structure: Multi-layer nested karst ecological systems management","authors":"Maobin Li ,&nbsp;Yi Chen ,&nbsp;Qingping Zhou ,&nbsp;Kangning Xiong ,&nbsp;Xiong Song ,&nbsp;Lu Luo ,&nbsp;Jiangyan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the accelerating impacts of climate change and urbanization, constructing ecological security networks (ESN) has become crucial for maintaining ecosystem stability. However, traditional models lack micro-structural analysis of ESN, resulting in insufficient optimization of ecological management. This study selects three representative sites with distinct geomorphological features and ecological degradation gradients in a typical ecologically vulnerable karst plateau region. By comprehensively considering the dynamic interplay between natural capital and collective consumption in ecological conservation, developed an ESN based on ecosystem service (ES) supply–demand relationships. Utilizing complex network theory, deconstructed the topological characteristics of ESN architecture and proposed a multi-layered nested ecological management framework. Findings reveal that the quantity and distribution of ecological source areas are significantly influenced by human activities and restoration measures, with source area clustering determining corridor lengths. The proportions of pinch points and barrier points correlate with regional characteristics. Most ecological nodes concentrate within specific ranges, creating strong internal connectivity within ecological communities but insufficient inter-community connections, highlighting the necessity for targeted ecological governance. Critical nodes demonstrate superior efficiency in information diffusion and species migration while controlling cross-community resource flows, their failure could trigger catastrophic network collapse. To address current network deficiencies, constructed multiple potential ecological corridors to mitigate centrality congestion and prevent over-reliance on single nodes. A comparative analysis of network robustness before and after optimization demonstrates that increased redundant pathways enhance resistance to external disturbances. This research develops a hierarchical management framework integrating “micro-nodes, meso-communities, and macro-zoning”, providing replicable spatial planning strategies for karst plateaus and other fragile ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 127100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing sustainability in semi-arid rangelands through grazing capacity simulation using fuzzy logic","authors":"Azin Zarei ,&nbsp;Ali Goharnejad ,&nbsp;Pejman Tahmasebi ,&nbsp;Hamid Mohammadi Nasrabadi","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate estimation of grazing capacity is critical for sustainable rangeland management, yet remains challenging in semi-arid systems due to spatial heterogeneity and data uncertainty. This study applied an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) to predict grazing capacity in semi-steppe rangelands of northwest Iran and eastern Turkey. Four ecologically relevant inputs—slope, forage production, water supply distance, and soil resistance to erosion—were used as predictors. Forage production was derived from NDVI–biomass calibration (R2 = 0.72, RMSE = 58.3 kg/ha), and unsuitable areas (slope &gt; 60 %, biomass &lt; 50 kg/ha) were excluded. The ANFIS model was implemented in MATLAB using Gaussian membership functions (three per input), a cluster radius of 0.35, and 16 fuzzy rules. Model evaluation showed strong performance on training data (NRMSE = 4.7 %) but a substantially higher error on testing data (NRMSE = 19.2 %), indicating potential overfitting and spatial heterogeneity effects. Spatial outputs classified the study area into five grazing capacity categories, with higher capacities in western and southern zones and lower capacities in central regions. Comparison with vegetation-type classifications highlighted differences arising from ANFIS’s integration of multiple drivers beyond forage biomass. While results demonstrate the promise of neuro-fuzzy approaches for handling uncertain datasets and capturing spatial variability, we emphasize that outputs should be interpreted as indicative patterns rather than prescriptive management recommendations. Future work should integrate field validation, benchmark against simpler models, and incorporate dynamic factors such as drought and livestock species differences to enhance ecological realism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 127096"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prioritizing ecological values with Sequential Hierarchical Intersection Layers (SHIL): a case study from a Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot","authors":"Alfonso Siciliano","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biodiversity loss is accelerating globally, driven by land-use change, habitat degradation, and climate stressors, emphasizing the importance of aligning conservation efforts with national, European, and global biodiversity frameworks. In regions like the Mediterranean, characterized by high ecological value and vulnerability, effective prioritization depends on methods that are not only robust but also accessible and transferable to practitioners. This study introduces the Sequential Hierarchical Intersection Layers (SHIL) method, a spatially explicit, scalable, and replicable GIS-based framework for ecosystem prioritization. Compared to other existing prioritization tools, SHIL provides an intuitive and transparent workflow suitable for practitioners without extensive programming expertise or specialized training. The framework generates individual ecological indices for each dataset via intersection with a chosen subdivision layer, through a stepwise workflow and customizable weighting schemes. The integration of multiple ecological datasets into a composite prioritization score (CEVI) enables systematic identification of conservation priorities. Applied to Sicily, a Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot, SHIL revealed ecological strongholds in inland and mountainous provinces, while also detecting critical corridors and isolated habitat systems, demonstrating its ability to capture complex spatial patterns. While careful consideration is required in defining the weighting scheme, SHIL offers an accessible, adaptable, and reproducible alternative to more technically demanding prioritization tools. By providing a transparent, modular, and scalable framework, SHIL supports conservation planning, habitat restoration and ecological network management in Sicily, and is transferable to other regions facing similar conservation challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 127103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling climate-driven habitat suitability of vulnerable ungulates in Egypt’s protected areas","authors":"Karim Omar ,&nbsp;Ayman Hamada","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how species respond to climate change is crucial for effective conservation. This knowledge is essential for developing effective adaptive strategies, as climate-induced shifts in species distributions make protected areas a vital tool for future conservation planning. Protected areas may become ineffective if they remain within their current geographic boundaries without considering climate change in shaping critical climatic refuges for these species. Therefore, in this study, we used Species Distribution Models (SDMs) as a tool to analyze the impact of climate change on two vulnerable Egyptian ungulates: the Nubian ibex (<em>Capra nubiana</em>) and the dorcas gazelle (<em>Gazella dorcas</em>). We mapped their habitat suitability under current conditions and future “middle path” scenarios for the years 2050 and 2070. Our findings indicate that the Nubian ibex’s current habitats are concentrated in South Sinai and the Eastern Desert mountains, while the Dorcas gazelle has a broader distribution across Sinai, the Eastern Desert, and parts of the Western Desert. While both species are expected to lose parts of their current range, they are also projected to expand into new areas. For the Nubian ibex, suitable habitat is expected to remain largely stable, with a projected increase of approximately 23.9 % by 2050 and 24.5 % by 2070. Concurrently, the species is projected to lose about 10.2 % by 2050 and 10.5 % by 2070. The Dorcas gazelle is projected to gain a substantial amount of new habitat—about 27.1 % by 2050 and 27.9 % by 2070. However, this increase is balanced by an anticipated loss of approximately 25.6 % by 2050 and 25.7 % by 2070. The results showed that protected areas in Egypt play a vital role in preserving these species, as indicated by the high coverage rate. They currently cover over 56% of the Nubian ibex’s potential distribution, which is projected to increase to 60 % by 2050 and 59 % by 2070. For the Dorcas gazelle, coverage is currently 34 %, but is projected to decline to 31 % by 2050 and 30 % by 2070. Based on these findings, effective management of protected areas, including continuous monitoring, evaluation, and adaptive boundary adjustments, is crucial for conservation. This is especially important in the Red Sea Governorate, and should include creating new protected areas with stakeholder involvement. We recommend investing in long-term field surveys and building robust databases to understand future changes in species’ habitats, ecological conditions, and threats. This will help develop strong in-situ and ex-situ conservation strategies for protected areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 127102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation of the genetic diversity of Turanga poplars for restoration of population sustainability in desert and semi-desert regions of Kazakhstan","authors":"Timur Turdiyev ,&nbsp;Aigul Madenova ,&nbsp;Kamila Yemesheva ,&nbsp;Angsagan Kuan ,&nbsp;Gulzira Yernazarova ,&nbsp;Natalya Mikhailenko ,&nbsp;Saule Baizhumanova ,&nbsp;Zakir Tuigunov ,&nbsp;Irina Kovalchuk","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the first time in Kazakhstan, a comprehensive study was conducted on the conservation, seed propagation and determination of the sex of seedlings in the juvenile stage of development to restore population stability of <em>Populus pruinosa</em> Schrenk and <em>Populus euphratica</em> Oliv. The seeds of Turanga poplars are classified as intermediate, meaning they lose viability relatively quickly. The optimal methods for long-term preservation have been identified. Seeds lose their germination capacity within 3–6 months under traditional storage conditions of +20 °C and –20 °C. By contrast, cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen at –196 °C was effective: seed germination and germination energy remained stable and comparable to the control after 12 months, and even after 5 years, across all species studied.</div><div>It is crucial to determine the sex of plants at early developmental stages to restore declining populations and urban landscape areas. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, using ISSR primers IS A02 and IS A71, was employed to identify male and female individuals during the juvenile seedling stage. In <em>Populus pruinosa</em> Schrenk, 14 male and 10 female genotypes were identified, while in <em>Populus euphratica</em> Oliv., 6 male and 6 female genotypes were detected.</div><div>To support the restoration of <em>Populus euphratica</em> Oliv. and <em>Populus pruinosa</em> Schrenk populations, 400 male and female seedlings were cultivated in pots. Additionally, to preserve genetic diversity, 100,000 seeds of both Turanga poplar species were stored under cryopreservation conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 127097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-criteria conservation assessment of the economically important rattan Calamus inops Becc. ex K.Heyne (Arecaceae), an endemic species from Sulawesi, Indonesia","authors":"Himmah Rustiami ,&nbsp;Didi Usmadi ,&nbsp;Joko Ridho Witono ,&nbsp;Liam A. Trethowan ,&nbsp;Marlina Ardiyani ,&nbsp;Lulut Dwi Sulistyaningsih ,&nbsp;Alex Sumadijaya ,&nbsp;Ina Erlinawati ,&nbsp;I Putu Gede P. Damayanto ,&nbsp;Ni Putu Sri Asih ,&nbsp;Yuzammi ,&nbsp;Ary Prihardhyanto Keim ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Henderson","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Calamus inops</em> Becc. ex K.Heyne (Arecaceae) is an economically important rattan species endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia. This species is increasingly threatened due to unsustainable logging, land use change, and global climate change. We assess the occurrence patterns, environmental factors influencing its distribution, and potential threats to <em>C. inops</em>. Field surveys were conducted in multiple regions of Sulawesi, and species records were created using herbarium data and global biodiversity databases. MaxEnt was used to model predicted current and future distribution. Conservation assessment was conducted using the IUCN Red List criteria. Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) had AUC Training and Test values of 0.9 or more. Suitable habitats for <em>C. inops</em> are primarily concentrated in highland regions, especially within Central Sulawesi and covering an area of approximately 25,456 km² or 15.48 % of the total area of Sulawesi. The population of this species is primarily influenced by mean annual temperature, followed by mean annual precipitation and slope, with most suitable habitats located within protected areas, such as Lore Lindu National Park. Based on the geospatial conservation assessment tool, occurrence, and the declining quality of habitat, we propose the conservation status of <em>C. inops</em> as Vulnerable (VU). The understanding of spatial distribution, habitat requirements, and conservation assessment is needed to manage the conservation aspect of this species and of Sulawesi as a whole.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 127099"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the land hermit crab trade in physical pet shops across three Asian Countries: Implications for conservation management","authors":"Chia-Hsuan Hsu ,&nbsp;Shi-Sheng Liu ,&nbsp;Sin-Tung Choi ,&nbsp;Tzu-Pi Chen ,&nbsp;Bao-Min Gan ,&nbsp;Wei-Ting Chen ,&nbsp;Takahiro Kubo","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unsustainable wildlife trade is a significant driver of biodiversity decline. However, invertebrate species often receive less attention in wildlife trade research. The trade of land hermit crabs (<em>Coenobita</em> spp.) remains understudied, despite their potential ecological impacts and conservation implications. This study investigates the trade of land hermit crabs in 159 physical pet shops across Japan, Taiwan, and China, regions identified as key locations in their trade networks. We conducted a snapshot survey from July to September in 2025, coinciding with the peak activity season of land hermit crabs. Our findings reveal that Japan has the highest proportion of pet shops selling land hermit crabs (39.4 %), followed by China (12.5 %) and Taiwan (12.1 %). Price and body size analyses indicate significant differences among countries, with larger individuals and higher prices. The relationship between rarity and price varied across regions, with Japan and Taiwan showing higher prices for rarer species. In contrast, China exhibited the opposite trend, where species with a higher market proportion were priced higher. These findings highlight distinct consumer preferences and trade dynamics among countries. Given the absence of captive breeding for commercial purposes, we emphasize the need for cross-border collaboration in assessing wild populations, strengthening trade regulations, promoting sustainable management, improving captive breeding capacity, and enhancing public awareness. Our study provides critical insights into the current status of the land hermit crab pet trade and offers recommendations for sustainable management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 127098"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The EU environmental crime directive 2024/1203: Legal solutions and perspectives","authors":"Elżbieta Zębek ,&nbsp;Denis Solodov","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyses environmental offences outlined in Directive (EU) 2024/1203 on the protection of the environment through criminal law. The Directive aims to overcome the overall inefficiency of law enforcement response to the increasing number of environmental crimes under the provisions of the previous Directive 2008/99/EC enhancing compliance with EU environmental legislation. It does so by setting minimum standards on criminal and non-criminal penalties, clarifying key terms, and providing guidance on assessing environmental damage for the needs of criminal prosecution. The aim of the study is to identify the most significant changes introduced by Directive 2024/1203 and examine their potential impact on the protection of the environment. The analysis showed that the new Directive’s use of more precise and targeted language should facilitate more consistent implementation of its provisions across Member States. Establishing explicit criteria for environmental offences will provide law enforcement with a well-defined framework for building criminal cases, limiting potential confusion and mitigating the risk of legal challenges. The new Directive is certainly a milestone in the EU’s environmental criminal law, as it contains many aspects on how to improve its effectiveness and thus can contribute to improving the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 127093"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing indigenous peoples’ sovereignty in international environmental treaties: a call for exception clauses in international trade and investment law","authors":"Young Lo Ko,&nbsp;Tae Jung Park","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indigenous peoples face persistent threats from extractive industries and state-led development, often without sufficient legal safeguards. International environmental treaties, while referencing Indigenous rights, typically use non-binding language that enables weak or selective implementation. This paper aims to identify how treaty design can more effectively protect existing domestic Indigenous protections. Drawing on trade and investment law examples—such as New Zealand’s Treaty of Waitangi clauses and Colombia’s reservation lists—it argues for systematically incorporating explicit carve-out mechanisms into environmental and human rights treaties. Naming Indigenous groups and domestic laws within treaty texts can strengthen legal certainty and shield protections from erosion. The paper concludes with recommendations for negotiators, including legal audits, inter-ministerial coordination, and capacity-building to help states, particularly in the Global South, design carve-outs that reinforce Indigenous sovereignty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 127095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human-hippopotamus conflict around the southern Ethiopian Rift Valley Lakes: Abaya and Chamo","authors":"Samuel Oyda Oka ,&nbsp;Zewdneh Tomass ,&nbsp;Serekebirhan Takele ,&nbsp;Aberham Megaze","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Hippopotamus amphibius</em>, the third-largest land mammal, is increasingly threatened by habitat loss and escalating human-hippo conflict (HHC), contributing to its classification as a vulnerable species. This study assessed the types, causes, extent, and impacts of HHC around Lakes Abaya and Chamo in southern Ethiopia. It also examined local mitigation strategies and community perceptions toward conservation. Data were collected from January to July 2024 through direct field observations, focus group discussions, and semi-structured interviews with affected households. HHC was reported in all study areas, with crop damage being the most common form of conflict, followed by competition with livestock for grazing land and occasional human injuries. Major contributing factors included agricultural expansion, overgrazing along lake shores, wetland degradation, sediment-induced waterlogging, and increasing human settlement in hippo habitats. Frequently damaged crops included maize (<em>Zea mays</em>), teff (<em>Eragrostis tef</em>), cassava (<em>Manihot esculenta</em>), and sweet potato (<em>Ipomoea batatas</em>). On average, households experienced an annual crop loss of 726 kg. Common deterrent methods included fire, burning torches, digging ditches, and constructing fences. The severity of crop damage varied by proximity to water, crop maturity, hippo density, and community involvement in mitigation efforts. HHC contributed to food insecurity, school absenteeism, psychological stress, increased malaria exposure, and greater labor burdens, all of which negatively influenced attitudes toward hippo conservation. Addressing these challenges requires awareness-raising, livelihood diversification, and sustainable, community-based land and wildlife management strategies to support long-term conservation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 127090"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}