Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging最新文献

{"title":"Biological age acceleration, genetic susceptibility, and incident diabetic retinopathy risk: A prospective cohort study.","authors":"Yuxuan Wang, Lifeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a major microvascular complication of diabetes, and conventional risk factors do not fully explain individual differences in disease risk. This study investigated the associations of biological age acceleration with incident DR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 12,608 UK Biobank participants with diabetes. Three biological age acceleration measures, including phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel), Klemera-Doubal method Biological Age acceleration (KDMAccel), and Gompertz Law-Based Biological Age difference (GOLD BioAgeDiff), were evaluated. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident DR. Joint effects with polygenic risk score were further assessed. Analyses were also repeated in the general population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher biological age acceleration was consistently associated with an increased risk of incident DR. Per 5-year increase, the fully adjusted HRs were 1.32 (95% CI, 1.26-1.38) for PhenoAgeAccel, 1.13 (95% CI, 1.11-1.16) for KDMAccel, and 1.20 (95% CI, 1.16-1.24) for GOLD BioAgeDiff. Participants with both high genetic risk and accelerated biological aging had the highest risk of DR, and additive interaction was observed between biological age acceleration and genetic susceptibility. Similar patterns were observed in the general population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that accelerated biological aging is associated with a higher risk of incident DR and may have potential relevance for DR risk stratification.</p>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 6","pages":"100863"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of multidomain interventions on health outcomes in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Eleonora Pagan, Chukwuma Okoye, Luca Cuffaro, Alice Margherita Ornago, Alberto Finazzi, Federico Emanuele Pozzi, Maria Cristina Ferrara, Carlo Custodero, Vittorio Dibello, Alessandra Palladini, Gessica Sala, Vincenzo Solfrizzi, Antonella Zambon, Carlo Ferrarese, Giuseppe Bellelli","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>With rising global aging, healthcare systems face challenges from multimorbidity, functional decline, and cognitive impairment. Multidomain interventions offer a promising approach to promoting healthy aging. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of multidomain interventions (≥3 domains) on motor-functional, cognitive, and psychological outcomes in older adults without moderate/severe dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed and Embase were searched up to April 30, 2024. Eligible studies included clinical trials or observational studies involving adults ≥60 years receiving multidomain interventions versus control/standard care. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-eight studies (57 comparisons) were included (median age: 75.3 intervention, 75.1 control; >60% female). Intervention lasted 2-36 months (median 6.0). All studies targeted the physical domain, 78.9% cognitive, 81.6% nutritional, and 84.2% additional domains. Motor-functional outcomes improved significantly (e.g., Short Physical Performance Battery: SMD = 0.40, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.66; Cardiovascular Health Study frailty criteria: SMD = -0.14, 95% CI -0.23 to -0.05), with diminishing effects over time. Other indicators (e.g., handgrip strength), showed modest improvements. Cognitive improvements were limited to Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; SMD = 0.23, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.40). Psychological benefits included reduced depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale: SMD = -0.35, 95% CI -0.57 to -0.12). Effect estimates for Timed Up and Go and RBANS were attenuated in sensitivity analysis excluding high-risk-of-bias studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multidomain interventions improve motor-functional and psychological well-being. Moderate cognitive benefits are observed primarily using the MoCA. These findings support large-scale implementation in geriatric care and highlight the need for strategies to sustain long-term effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 6","pages":"100865"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avocado consumption and cognitive health: Refining expectations for single-food dietary interventions.","authors":"Mònica Bulló","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100864","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 6","pages":"100864"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GDF15 in aging, metabolic disease and cachexia","authors":"Shuli Lian","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100866","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 5","pages":"Article 100866"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarcopenia and recurrence risk in high-risk non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a nonlinear modeling approach","authors":"Gerald Klinglmair ,&nbsp;Maximilian Lutz ,&nbsp;Tatia Telia ,&nbsp;Nils C.H. van Creij ,&nbsp;Hamed Wafa ,&nbsp;Piotr Tymoszuk ,&nbsp;Beatrice Heim ,&nbsp;Dora Niedersuess-Beke ,&nbsp;Angelika Terbuch ,&nbsp;José Daniel Subiela ,&nbsp;Francesco del Giudice ,&nbsp;Roman Mayr ,&nbsp;Anna Luger ,&nbsp;Renate Pichler","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100805","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100805","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sarcopenia and altered body composition are established prognostic markers in several malignancies, but their relevance in non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) remains unclear. This study evaluated associations between body composition indices—body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle index (SMI), and psoas muscle index (PMI)—and recurrence risk in high-risk NMIBC patients treated with intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Body composition was assessed on computed tomography at primary diagnosis. Sarcopenia was defined using published sex-specific cut-offs. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier estimates, Cox regression with linear and spline terms, and a gradient boosted machine (GBM) model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 118 patients (median age 71 years; 78% male) were included. Tumor stages were pTa (40%), pT1 (54%), and primary carcinoma in situ (CIS) in 6%. During a mean follow-up of 32 months, 30 patients (25.4%) developed recurrence. Median BMI was 26 kg/m². SMI and PMI were higher in men and declined with age, whereas BMI remained stable. Sarcopenia prevalence varied widely across definitions (6–66%) with low-to-moderate concordance (Cohen’s κ: 0–0.58). No sarcopenia definition independently predicted recurrence. In the GBM model, BCG maintenance, tumor stage, CIS, age, BMI, SMI, and PMI were important predictors. Spline Cox models demonstrated nonlinear U-shaped associations between BMI, SMI, PMI, and recurrence risk, with increased risk at both low and high values.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Body composition shows nonlinear associations with recurrence in high-risk NMIBC. Both low and excessive body and muscle mass may adversely affect disease control. The heterogeneity and limited prognostic value of current sarcopenia definitions highlight the need for standardized, multiparametric, and nonlinear risk modeling approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 4","pages":"Article 100805"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could animal models be used to longitudinally track intrinsic capacity during aging?","authors":"I-Tzu Chen ,&nbsp;Wan-Hsuan Lu ,&nbsp;Fei-Yuan Hsiao ,&nbsp;Liang-Kung Chen ,&nbsp;Angelo Parini ,&nbsp;Yohan Santin ,&nbsp;Bruno Guiard ,&nbsp;Jean-Philippe Pradere ,&nbsp;Rafael de Cabo ,&nbsp;Bruno Vellas ,&nbsp;Yves Rolland ,&nbsp;Philipe de Souto Barreto","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100833","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 4","pages":"Article 100833"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147596229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary patterns and decreased muscle strength incidence: findings from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study","authors":"Yuji Jeong,&nbsp;Seok-Won Son,&nbsp;Se-Hong Kim,&nbsp;Ha-Na Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Muscle strength is a fundamental determinant of functional capacity across adulthood. While dietary protein has been widely studied, prospective evidence considering overall dietary patterns remains inconsistent. We examined the association between macronutrient-based dietary patterns and incident decreased muscle strength among adults aged 40 years and older.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed 31,968 adults aged ≥40 years without decreased muscle strength at baseline from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. The participants were categorized into four groups according to macronutrient energy proportions: high-carbohydrate, high-fat, high-protein, and normal diets. The incidence of decreased muscle strength was defined as &lt;28 kg in men and &lt;18 kg in women at follow-up. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of decreased muscle strength between groups, and linear mixed-effects models were used to evaluate longitudinal changes in handgrip strength, including time, group, and the group-by-time interaction.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During a median follow-up of 4.0 years, 2,194 participants developed incident decreased muscle strength (incidence rate 1.65 per 100 person-years). The high-protein dietary pattern was associated with a higher risk of incident decreased muscle strength compared with the normal diet (Adjusted HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.06−1.99), whereas no significant associations were observed for high-carbohydrate or high-fat dietary patterns. Changes in dietary patterns from baseline to follow-up were not significantly associated with the risk of decreased muscle strength, and the magnitude of change in handgrip strength over time did not differ across dietary pattern groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In middle-aged and older Korean adults, the high-protein dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk of incident muscle strength decline compared to the normal dietary pattern, whereas high-carbohydrate and high-fat patterns were not. These findings suggest that a balanced macronutrient composition, rather than protein intake alone, may be relevant to muscle strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 4","pages":"Article 100802"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of CT-derived body composition with coronary plaque components and vascular inflammation","authors":"Lu Gao ,&nbsp;Chenbo Xu ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Zhijie Jian ,&nbsp;Yue Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the relationship of body composition with coronary plaque components and vascular inflammation.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 412 individuals who underwent computed tomography angiography scan between August 2024 and July 2025. Body composition including both muscle and adipose components was analyzed. Plaque characteristics and pericoronary fat attenuation index (FAI) were quantified. The associations between body composition, plaque burden, and FAI were examined using correlation and multivariable linear regression analyses. Furthermore, we explored the mediating roles of specific body composition metrics in the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and plaque burden, as well as the potential mediation by FAI in the association linking body composition to plaque burden.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of all-subjects, 269 (65.29%) were male. The average age was 62.85 ± 13.81 years old. Correlation analyses revealed significant moderate to strong positive associations of BMI, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), and fatty muscle fraction (FMF) with lipid plaque burden. Additionally, BMI was moderately positively correlated with calcified plaque burden, while skeletal muscle (SM) was weakly negatively correlated with it. Specifically, in a multivariable-adjusted model, higher BMI (β= 0.053) were independently associated with greater lipid plaque burden. Higher BMI (β = 0.909) and lower SM (β = −0.004) were associated with an increased calcified plaque burden. Moreover, higher BMI (β = −0.547), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) (β = −0.004), and SM (β = −0.001), as well as lower VAT (β = 0.005), epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) (β = 0.041), IMAT (β = 0.061), and FMF (β = 0.075) remained independently associated with decreased FAI. Mediation analysis revealed that SM and VAT mediated −29.555% and 56.489% of the association between BMI and calcified plaque burden and lipid plaque burden, respectively. Furthermore, FAI mediated 40.426% of the effect of VAT and 30.909% of the effect of IMAT on lipid plaque burden.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Different body composition metrics exert divergent effects on various components of coronary plaque. Our study suggests that VAT and IMAT may contribute to lipid plaque formation, potentially mediated by a state of increased vascular inflammation as captured by FAI, while a higher muscle mass may protect against the progression of calcified plaque. These findings highlights the necessity of precise body composition analysis in cardiovascular risk assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 4","pages":"Article 100804"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity strengthens the associations between sarcopenia and both frailty and hospitalization, whereas reduces the risk of mortality","authors":"Alejandro Álvarez-Bustos ,&nbsp;Helio José Coelho-Junior ,&nbsp;Jose Antonio Carnicero ,&nbsp;Walter Sepúlveda-Loyola ,&nbsp;Francisco José García-García ,&nbsp;Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess the impact of different definitions of obesity on the association between sarcopenia and negative health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A longitudinal analysis using data from the Toledo Study of Healthy Ageing</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Community-dwelling older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>1546 older adults (mean age 74.76 ± 5.75 years; 45.54% men).</div></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><div>Sarcopenia was defined using population-standardized Foundation for the National Institutes of Health criteria. Obesity was assessed using several criteria previously prosed in the literature: Body Mass Index (BMI: &gt;28, &gt;30, &gt;33 kg/m²), waist circumference (WC: 88♀; &gt;102♂; and 98♀; &gt;109♂), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR: &gt;0.85♀; &gt;0.90♂), fat mass percentage (%FM: &gt;38%♀, &gt;27%♂; and &gt;40%♀, &gt;30%♂; and &gt;43%♀, &gt;31%♂), and population-based quartiles for trunk and appendicular fat mass. Frailty and disability were evaluated at baseline and 2.99 years later; hospitalization and mortality were tracked at 3.63 and 6.28 years, respectively. Regression models (logistic and Cox) and ROC analyses were conducted, adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, and malnutrition.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>350 (22.63%) met sarcopenia criteria. Obesity prevalence varied from 18.63% to 76.13%, depending on the definition. Obesity, regardless of the criterion, strengthened the associations between sarcopenia and frailty while only some of them did for hospitalization (BMI and WC), but not impacted disability. Sarcopenia was not significantly associated with death in the adjusted model, but the association became significant after adjustment for some obesity markers (WHR, truncal fat mass, and %FM. ROC curves results suggested that the capacity of sarcopenia to predict worsening frailty increased 2%, when the obesity markers were included.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Obesity—particularly defined by BMI and WC—strengthened the association between sarcopenia and adverse outcomes such as frailty and hospitalization. In contrast, higher fat mass was associated with lower mortality, suggesting a potential obesity paradox that warrants further research. These findings highlight the importance of assessing multiple obesity criteria alongside sarcopenia, while the potential protective role of obesity against mortality requires confirmation in further studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 4","pages":"Article 100803"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying the relative contributions of body size across life course to midlife and late-life cognitive function: a Bayesian analysis from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study","authors":"Sihan Hou ,&nbsp;Jiao Wang ,&nbsp;Tai Hing Lam ,&nbsp;Kar Keung Cheng ,&nbsp;Wei Sen Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100799","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100799","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The relative contributions of life-course obesity to midlife and late-life cognitive function have not been reported. We examined the association of life-course body size with cognitive function and identified the relative contribution of body size at each life stage.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>This was a study based on data from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>A community-based population in China.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>9,303 participants without a history of dementia or other serious mental disorders were included, with a mean age of 59.9 years (standard deviation = 6.0 years).</div></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><div>Perceived childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, midlife, and current body size were assessed by Stunkard’s Figure Rating Scale (labelled 1–9, from very thin to very fat), and analysed as categorical or continuous variables. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and analysed as a continuous score. A Bayesian relevant life course exposure model was used to quantify the relative contributions of body size to cognitive function.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After adjustment for confounders, each one-figure increase in body size was associated with lower MMSE scores. The βs (95% confidence intervals) were −1.121 (−1.200, −1.043), −1.077 (−1.161, −0.993), −0.795 (−0.871, −0.719), −0.450 (−0.520, −0.380), −0.253 (−0.318, −0.188) for childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, midlife and current status, respectively. The contributions of larger body size to poorer cognitive function varied across life stages, with childhood and adolescence accounting for 58.96% (95% credible interval (CrI) = 49.81%–68.07%) and 38.52% (95% CrI = 29.11%–47.82%) of the association, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Body size in childhood and adolescence mainly explained the negative association between life-course body size and cognitive function in midlife and late-life. This finding highlights the importance of early-life obesity prevention for maintaining cognitive function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 4","pages":"Article 100799"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146081845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}