营养教育干预对肺癌患者虚弱状态的影响：一项随机对照试验

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI:10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100645

Ziyuan Li , Jun Wu , Zhunzhun Liu

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的评价营养教育干预在改善中国健康饮食指数（CHEI）所指示的虚弱肺癌患者的虚弱状态和饮食质量方面的可行性。设计：虚弱肺癌患者营养教育的12周随机对照研究。研究对象：本研究纳入江南大学附属医院肿瘤科56例（年龄≥60岁）体弱肺癌患者（2024年9月- 2025年1月）。干预参与者被随机分配到干预组（n = 28）和对照组（n = 28），干预组接受个性化的每周营养教育，由结构化的饮食干预支持，包括饮食手册和现场指导，对照组接受标准护理，没有额外的饮食成分。主要结果测量本研究的主要结果包括虚弱评分和患病率，根据Fried表型标准评估，以及CHEI评分。Fried表型标准由五个组成部分定义：体重减轻、疲惫、虚弱、行动迟缓和低体力活动。总分为0 ~ 5分，≥3分为虚弱。CHEI评分是根据食物种类相对于其标准比例（SP）的摄入量计算的。结果56名参与者中，71.4%为男性，平均年龄70.6岁（SD 4.9）。线性混合效应模型显示，营养干预组虚弱评分显著低于对照组(效应值= 0.642,95%CI (1.017, 0.268), P <；0.001)和较高的CHEI得分（效应值= 5.932,95%CI (1.648, 10.216), P = 0.007），且这些效应与时间变化无关（时间效应：P = 0.347, P = 0.740），低体力活动得分存在显著的组-时间交互作用（效应值= 0.250,95%CI (0.465, 0.035), P = 0.023）。结论以饮食质量为中心的营养教育可改善虚弱肺癌患者的虚弱、营养状况和生活质量，为该人群的虚弱管理提供了一种安全、有前景的非药物策略。

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Effects of nutritional education intervention on frailty status in lung cancer patients: A randomized controlled trial

Objective

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of nutrition education interventions in improving frailty status and dietary quality indicated by the Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI) in frail patients with lung cancer.

Design

A 12-week randomized controlled study on nutrition education in frail patients with lung cancer.

Participants

This study enrolled 56 frail patients with lung cancer (aged ≥60 years) from the Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University (September 2024-January 2025).

Intervention

Participants were randomly allocated to either the intervention group (n = 28), receiving personalized weekly nutrition education supported by structured dietary interventions that included dietary manuals and site instruction, or the control group (n = 28), which received standard care without additional dietary components.

Main outcome measures

The primary outcomes of this study included frailty scores and prevalence, assessed according to the Fried phenotype criteria, as well as the CHEI score. The Fried phenotype criteria was defined by five components: weight loss, exhaustion, weakness, slowness, and low physical activity. The total score ranges from 0 to 5, with a score of ≥3 indicating frailty. The CHEI score was calculated based on the intake of food categories relative to their standard proportions (SP).

Results

Of the 56 participants, 71.4% were male, with a mean age of 70.6 (SD 4.9). Linear mixed-effects modeling demonstrated that the nutritional intervention group showed significantly lower frailty scores (Effect size = ?'0.642, 95%CI (?'1.017, ?'0.268), P < 0.001) and higher CHEI scores (Effect size = 5.932, 95%CI (1.648, 10.216), P = 0.007), with these effects being independent of temporal variation (time effect: P = 0.347, P = 0.740) and revealed a significant group ?- time interaction for low physical activity scores (Effect size = ?'0.250, 95%CI (?'0.465, ?'0.035), P = 0.023).

Conclusion

In frail lung cancer patients, dietary quality-focused nutrition education improved frailty, nutritional status, and quality of life, offering a safe and promising non-pharmacological strategy for frailty management in this population.

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来源期刊

Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

7.80

自引率

3.40%

发文量

136

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： There is increasing scientific and clinical interest in the interactions of nutrition and health as part of the aging process. This interest is due to the important role that nutrition plays throughout the life span. This role affects the growth and development of the body during childhood, affects the risk of acute and chronic diseases, the maintenance of physiological processes and the biological process of aging. A major aim of "The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging" is to contribute to the improvement of knowledge regarding the relationships between nutrition and the aging process from birth to old age.